Abstract: Systems and methods for modeling a three-dimensional (3D) geological structure to improve maximum continuity interpolation. An integration method describes local anisotropic effects and introduces interpolation techniques to perform the interpolation between two points of interest along a direction of maximum continuity and across fault surfaces.

Abstract: A method for estimating principal stresses of a subterranean formation from seismic data. In one embodiment, rock strength parameters from seismic data of the formation is first determined to calculate the anisotropic elastic properties of the formation. The three principal stresses of the formation: vertical stress, minimum horizontal stress, and maximum horizontal stress, is determined using at least the calculated anisotropic elastic properties and the rock strength parameters of the formation. From the estimated principal stresses, the differential ratio of the maximum and minimum horizontal stresses can be determined to indicate optimal zones for hydraulic fracturing. In another embodiment, a tectonic strain term is introduced to calibrate the estimated principal estimated stress to a known reference point. In yet another embodiment, hoop stress is incorporated to estimate the fracture initiation pressures.

Abstract: One or more embodiments and methods of analyzing a formation sample with in a coring tool are disclosed herein. The methods and embodiments may include extracting a first core from a sidewall of a wellbore with a coring tool at a first depth, ultrasonically measuring a sound speed of the first core, transmitting the ultrasonically measured sound speed of the first core to a surface display unit, analyzing the ultrasonically measured sound speed in real time, determining the quality of the first core, extracting a second core at the first depth if the first core is determined to be low quality, and extracting the second core at a second depth if the core first is determined to be high quality.

Abstract: A wellbore seismic source includes a sparker electrically coupled to a power source. The sparker is disposed in a pressure-sealed canister, wherein the canister is at least partially filled with liquid. At least one of the pressure of the liquid and the energy discharged by the power source through the sparker is selected to cause emission of acoustic energy at a selected frequency.

Abstract: Positioning device (1) between a bridge (2) and a plate (3). This plate (3) includes: for centering this bridge (2), a female arrangement (4) with faces (5) receiving a cylindrical smooth centering pin (6), fixed to this bridge (2) and abutting on these faces, for aligning this bridge (2) on this plate (3), an alignment housing (8) with parallel faces (9, 10) aligned on this female arrangement (4), receiving an alignment pin (11), fixed to this bridge (2). Collet (15) arranged to be fixed to a plate and including this female centering arrangement (4). Timepiece including a device (1) or collet (15) of this type. Method of assembling this bridge (2) on this plate (3) with this device (1).

Abstract: A watch provides a chronographic function while the watch is in a “sport” mode. If a user activates a button relating to the chronographic function, such as a “start/lap” button, then the light for the watch will automatically activate. The light may remain active for a significantly long time, such as a period of six seconds or more. Alternately or additionally, if a user activates a button while the watch is in a “performance” or “sport” mode, then the light will automatically activate regardless of the button being activated. Still further, the chronographic function of the watch may be configured to not measure a lap time that is lower than a preset threshold value, such as, for example, three seconds.

Abstract: A timepiece includes a movement contained in a timepiece exterior assembly. A panel is fixed onto the movement. Upward engagement convex portions having pressing portions in upper portions thereof are formed in a plurality of locations of the ring member, and a ring member is fixed to the peripheral portion of the movement. A display plate has a plurality of reception portions in a peripheral portion thereof with which the pressing portion comes into contact from above. The reception portions are vertically interposed by an upper surface of the ring member and the pressing portions, the display plate is attached to the ring member, and the panel is covered with the display plate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stimulus-indicating device. More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for evidencing when a product has been exposed to a designated stimulus for a certain period of time.

Abstract: A disk drive is disclosed comprising a head actuated over a disk, wherein the head comprises a laser operable to heat the disk while writing data to the disk, and a fly height actuator (FHA) operable to adjust a fly height of the head over the disk. When a write command is received to write data to a target data track, the head is positioned over the target data track. When the head approaches a target data sector of the target data track, a power applied to the FHA is increased to decrease the fly height of the head. When the head reaches the target data sector, a power applied to the laser is increased to heat the disk, and the power applied to the FHA is decreased substantially monotonically while writing data to the target data sector.

Abstract: In an example, a method comprises aligning a central axis of a paddle portion on a write pole circuit to be substantially perpendicular to an adjacent magnetic surface, and bending a central axis of an extended tip portion relative to the central axis of the paddle portion. In another example, a transducer head comprises a write pole circuit having a paddle portion with a central axis, and an extended tip portion with a central axis, the central axis of the extended tip portion angled from the central axis of the paddle portion. In another example, a magnetic circuit comprises a write pole circuit having a paddle portion and an extended tip portion, the extended tip portion bending away from a central axis of the paddle portion, and a coil wrapping around the extended tip portion.

Abstract: A measurement method of a magnetic field gradient of a recording magnetic field generated by a magnetic head in a recording medium includes a step of locally heating the recording medium in a nonmagnetic field state where a magnetic field is not applied to the recording medium at all and measuring a temperature gradient of the recording medium in the nonmagnetic field state, a step of locally heating the recording medium in a recording magnetic field application state where the recording magnetic field is applied to the recording medium and measuring a temperature gradient of the recording medium in the recording magnetic field application state, and a step of calculating a magnetic field gradient of the recording magnetic field based on the temperature gradient of the recording medium in the nonmagnetic field state and the temperature gradient of the recording medium in the recording magnetic field application state.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a magnetic recording head includes a spot size converter having a tapered portion, the tapered portion having at least one of a width and thickness that increases in a direction towards an air bearing surface; a waveguide surrounding the spot size converter, the waveguide having a refractive index that is lower than a refractive index of the spot size converter; and cladding adjacent the waveguide, the cladding having a refractive index that is lower than the refractive index of the waveguide. Additional systems and heads are also disclosed.

Abstract: An energy assisted magnetic recording (EAMR) head having a stress buffer for reducing the stress on a near-field transducer during thermal expansion and methods for fabricating the EAMR head are provided. The EAMR head includes a waveguide, a near-field transducer (NFT) configured to receive optical energy from the waveguide, and a cladding of the waveguide has an opening. The NFT is positioned within the opening, and an air gap is formed between the NFT and a side wall of the opening.

Abstract: A near field transducer antenna has a first end proximate a media writing surface and a second end proximate a waveguide that delivers light to the antenna. The antenna includes an aperture disposed along a propagation axis that extends from the first end to the second end. A notch protrudes within the aperture. The notch is facing an opening of the aperture that extends along the propagation axis. A magnetic pole is proximate the antenna, and includes a first portion of magnetic material and a second portion of antenna material. The second portion is disposed over the opening of the aperture and facing the notch of the antenna.

Abstract: A thermally-assisted recording (TAR) head for recording data in data tracks of a TAR disk has an air-bearing slider that supports a near-field transducer (NFT) and an optical waveguide that directs laser light to the NFT. The NFT has an output end at the slider's air-bearing surface (ABS) located between the write pole and the optical waveguide in the along-the-track direction. The NFT output end is generally triangularly shaped with an apex facing the write pole and a back edge wider than the apex in the cross-track axis direction facing the waveguide. The surface of the waveguide facing the NFT back edge is tapered, with a width in the cross-track axis direction at a region recessed from the ABS and a smaller width in the cross-track axis direction at an end near the ABS.

Abstract: A thermally-assisted recording (TAR) head for recording data in data tracks of a TAR disk is supported on an air-bearing slider and includes a near-field transducer (NFT) and an optical waveguide that directs laser light to the NFT. The NFT has an output end at the slider's air-bearing surface (ABS) located between the write pole and the optical waveguide in the along-the-track direction. A reflection layer is located on the side of the waveguide opposite the NFT. The scattered light propagated by the waveguide is reflected back by the reflection layer to the NFT. When the distance between the reflection layer and the center of the NFT in the along-the-track direction is adjusted so the phase of the reflected light matches the phase of the plasma oscillation in the NFT, the intensity of the optical near-field is increased. This allows for a reduction in laser power.

Abstract: A thermally-assisted recording (TAR) head for recording data in data tracks of a TAR disk is supported on an air-bearing slider and includes the magnetic write pole, a near-field transducer (NFT), an optical waveguide that directs laser light to the NFT, and an electrically conductive layer between and in contact with the NFT and the write pole. The NFT has an output tip having a generally triangularly-shaped end at the slider's air-baring surface (ABS). The electrically conductive layer is located between the NFT and the write pole and contacts both the NFT output tip and the write pole. The electrically conductive layer has a contact edge that is generally parallel with the ABS but recessed from the NFT output tip end and a cross-track width greater than the cross-track width of the NFT output tip end.

Abstract: A thermally-assisted magnetic recording head includes a waveguide having a core and a cladding, and a plasmon generator. The core has an evanescent light generating surface. The plasmon generator has a plasmon exciting part opposed to the evanescent light generating surface. Assuming a virtual straight line that passes internally through the core and that is parallel to the direction of travel of light propagating through the core, at least part of the evanescent light generating surface and at least part of the plasmon exciting part are both inclined relative to the virtual straight line such that the distance from the virtual straight line decreases with increasing proximity to the medium facing surface.

Abstract: A thermally assisted magnetic head includes a main magnetic pole layer, a near-field light generating layer having a generating end part generating near-field light arranged within a medium-opposing surface, and an optical waveguide guiding light to the near-field light generating layer. The optical waveguide has a waveguide end face arranged within the medium-opposing surface and an upper end face on a side closer to the main magnetic pole layer. The thermally assisted magnetic head has an interposed layer which is in direct contact with an outer surface of the optical waveguide. The near-field light generating layer has a near-field light generating part having the generating end part and an expanded part connected with the near-field light generating part. The expanded part has a base part arranged above the upper end face of the optical waveguide and extended base part connected with the base part.

Abstract: Provided is a lens driving unit for an optical pickup and an optical disc drive employing the lens driving unit. First and second driving coils are directly wound around a coil winding unit included in the lens frame, which is different from a conventional lens frame in which a driving coil is manufactured as a separate element and is separately attached to a lens frame.

Abstract: A disc drive includes an optical pickup that emits laser light to a predetermined layer position via an objective lens and detects reflection light of the laser light, a tracking mechanism that drives the objective lens in a tracking direction, a tracking error signal generation unit that generates a tracking error signal, based on a light detecting signal for the reflection light obtained by the optical pickup, a tracking servo control unit that performs a tracking servo control based on the tracking error signal, and a control unit that makes the tracking servo control unit perform tracking servo pull-in on the basis of a frequency measurement result of the tracking error signal and a recording or non-recording determination result based on the light detecting signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an optical pickup includes an optical system which forms multiple light beams based on the light emitted from a light source and which converges a write beam and a read beam, thereby forming a main spot and a sub-spot, respectively, on an optical storage medium. This optical system converges the write and read beams onto the optical storage medium so that the main spot moves through the same region on the optical storage medium ahead of the sub-spot. The optical pickup further includes a detector for sensing the write and read beams reflected from the storage medium. The detector includes a first photodiode 10 that receives the reflected light from the main spot 50R on the storage medium and a second photodiode 11 that receives a portion of the reflected light from the sub-spot 51R.

Abstract: An exemplary optical pickup comprises: first, second and third photosensitive elements which are arranged to respectively receive a main light beam and first and second sub-light beams reflected from an optical storage medium; and fourth and fifth photosensitive elements which are arranged to receive the rest of the light that has also been emitted from a light source but has not been reflected from the optical storage medium. A signal that has been written on the optical storage medium with the main light beam for writing is read by performing an arithmetic operation on the signal output of the second or third photosensitive element and that of the fourth photosensitive element.

Abstract: If a recording error has occurred during RAW, then subsequent recording reproducing processing is omitted in a predetermined range, and all blocks omitted in the processing are handled as defective blocks, DFL-registered, and recorded in a replacement area. As a result, it becomes possible to hold down the number of times of recording processing accompanied by seek processing in the RAW processing, and transfer rate lowering can be solved.

Abstract: An offset correction is automatically determined and routinely updated to reduce or eliminate data retrieval errors that may be caused by low level distortion in optical disc data storage recording, re-recording and retrieval system. An offset control loop is provided for reading information from a modulated wobble signal with which the data is recorded to an optical disc data storage medium to provide detection of an offset and correction of that offset to facilitate implementation of precise timing synchronization and/or encoded information contact in the system. The offset detector measures a wobble signal and mathematically converts detected information regarding the measured wobble signal to an offset correction by integrating the wobble signal over a specific time interval and comparing the integrated value to an expected integrated value. The integration may be performed over at least one period of the sinusoidal wobble signal, and the correction added to the wobble signal.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure can provide a method for generating an offset correction signal with a reduced circuit footprint. The method can include converting samples of a wobble signal into digital values having a reduced number of bits, integrating the digital values having the reduced number of bits over a specified time interval to determine an error signal, and generating an offset correction signal based on the determined error signal.

Abstract: To provide an optical disk device, an optical disk control method and an integrated circuit, which are capable of writing a recordable mark by changing the reflectance ratio of a reflective film formed on concave-convex pits without using an industrial special device or a high-power laser light source. A data reproduction controller (103) sets a first rotation speed in a disk rotation speed switching unit (108) and a first laser power in a laser power switching unit (107) when reproducing the concave-convex pits. When writing the recordable mark, a mark recording controller (104) sets in the disk rotation speed switching unit (108) a second rotation speed that is slower than the first rotation speed and the lowest rotation speed at which the concave-convex pits can be reproduced, and sets a second laser power greater than the first laser power in the laser power switching unit (107) in accordance with the emission timing.

Abstract: A system and method of calibrating optical measuring equipment includes optically measuring discrete objects of a first known predictable pattern from a calibration apparatus, wherein the first known predictable pattern is a bit pattern. A recording surface optical reader is calibrated based on the optically measuring. Using the first known predictable pattern, contamination is filtered from the results of the optically measuring.

Abstract: A disk drive configured to enable media defect margining during disk testing may comprise a disk comprising a plurality of tracks; a head actuated over the disk; and a processor operable to test media of the disk drive to detect a media defect; estimate a depth of the detected media defect; determine a margining amount based on at least the estimated depth of the detected media defect, and apply the determined margining amount to the detected media defect.

Abstract: Reading a partly written writable record carrier having a track structure for positioning the write head above unwritten areas of the track pattern by means of a reading device which positions the read head on the basis of written marks, yields problems when an isolated information block after an unwritten area must be read. A system is disclosed for writing and reading information blocks on a record carrier of a writable type such as a CD-RW or a DVD-RAM. The writing device is provided with status means for generating status information which is indicative of the fact that at least one area of the record carrier has been written, while the status information comprises initial-area information which is indicative of an uninterrupted written initial area which extends from the start of a track pattern area intended for writing information blocks. The status information can be fixed on the record carrier. A reading device is also described, in which the positioning is dependent on the status information.

Abstract: Asymmetry and offset compensation for a data signal may be performed by a compensation circuit as disclosed. A circuit can be configured to generate a compensated data signal from a data signal, and can include: an input node inputting the data signal, an offset coefficient feedback loop configured to calculate an offset coefficient based on the data signal, a scaling unit configured to scale the offset coefficient by a first predetermined value (the scaled offset coefficient representing an estimate of an asymmetry coefficient), an asymmetry coefficient feedback loop configured to calculate the asymmetry coefficient based on the data signal and an initial value, a signal selection unit that causes the circuit to calculate the compensated data signal using the asymmetry coefficient, and an output node that outputs the compensated data signal.

Abstract: A method implemented using a data recording system is disclosed. The method includes receiving a micro-holographic data storage medium comprising a micro-hologram track having a first cross-sectional area. The method further includes recording a data in the micro-hologram track to form a data track in the micro-hologram track having a second cross-sectional area smaller than the first cross-sectional area.

Abstract: An apparatus for reading from or writing to a near-field optical recording medium capable of detecting tilt and spherical aberration is described. The apparatus comprises a light source for generating a reading light beam, a near-field lens, an aberration compensation element, and a diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element is switchable between a far-field mode and a near-field mode and is adapted to generate a main light beam and four or more sub-beams from the reading light beam for determining at least a cover layer thickness error signal. For this purpose it has an outer region with a first grating period and an inner region having a diameter smaller than an effective numerical aperture of the near-field lens, which in the near-field mode has a second grating period and which has a switchable inner area having a diameter smaller than a far-field numerical aperture of the near-field lens, which in the far-field mode has the first grating period.

Abstract: An apparatus according to one embodiment includes a near field transducer comprising a conductive metal film; and an optical waveguide for illumination of the near field transducer, a light guiding core layer of the optical waveguide being spaced from the near field transducer by less than about 100 nanometers and greater than 0 nanometers, wherein a longitudinal axis of the optical waveguide is substantially perpendicular to an air bearing surface.

Abstract: A device and method for controlling a driving current with respect to an optical source of an optical disc drive are provided. The method includes changing a characteristic of a high frequency component based on a change in the peripheral temperature of on optical pickup device, modulating the driving current using the high frequency component, and applying the modulated driving current to the optical source.

Abstract: Provided is an optical pickup device capable of preventing a soldering work from physically damaging any part of a housing of the optical pickup device. In the optical pickup device to be provided, a circuit board fixed to an LD holder and a circuit board covering a housing from below are connected via a solder joint. An inner-side part of an upper-end portion of an external sidewall of the housing located near the connecting position is cut away to form a cut surface. When a soldering iron is used to form the solder joint to connect the two circuit boards, the cut surface prevents the soldering iron from touching the external sidewall and thereby preventing this part of the external sidewall from being damaged by the soldering iron.

Abstract: A device for enabling a local area network wiring structure to simultaneously carry digital data and analog telephone signals on the same transmission medium. It is particularly applicable to a network in star topology, in which remote data units (e.g. personal computers) are each connected to a hub through a cable comprising at least two pairs of conductors, providing a data communication path in each direction. Modules at each end of the cable provide a phantom path for telephony (voice band), signals between a telephone near the data set and a PBX, through both conductor pairs in a phantom circuit arrangement. All such communication paths function simultaneously and without mutual interference. The modules comprise simple and inexpensive passive circuit components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for data transmission in a communication system. The method includes determining, at the transmitter, whether to transmit data signal using a single codeword or two codewords. When it is determined that the single codeword transmission is used, coding, by the transmitter, a control signal by using a first signal format, with the control signal coded by the first signal format carrying information regarding the single codeword. When it is determined that the two codewords transmission is used, coding, by the transmitter, the control signal by using a second signal format, with the control signal coded by the second signal format carrying information regarding both of the two codewords. The method also includes transmitting the data signal and the control signal according to the determined transmission format from the transmitter to the receiver.

Abstract: A terminal is capable of transmitting an orthogonal sequence in a broadband wireless communication system. Operations of a transmitting end include generating a sequence corresponding to sequence allocation information of the transmitting end among a plurality of candidate sequences; generating a signal string corresponding to the sequence; and transmitting the signal string over a channel defined for transmission of the signal string.

Abstract: A pilot arrangement method in a mobile radio communication system by which, in order to avoid a problem that poor CQI accuracy affects the scheduling of channel arrangement to cause the throughput to be deteriorated, a working frequency band is divided into a plurality of predetermined bands and time division multiplexing is performed. A known pilot symbol is inserted into the predetermined frequency bands at predetermined reference intervals. Furthermore, the known pilot symbol is inserted into at least one of the predetermined frequency bands at smaller intervals than the predetermined reference intervals and arranged.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing channel feedback is provided herein. During operation a covariance matrix at time t (R) is calculated as a function of a received downlink signal. In order to reduce overhead, R is normalized and quantized. The base unit then uses the covariance matrix estimate to determine appropriate channel beamforming weights, and instructs transmit beamforming circuitry to use the appropriate weights. In an embodiment, circuitry performs a method of calculating a first precoding matrix index I from a codebook using a received signal, calculating a second codebook index J* using the first precoding matrix index I to approximate a covariance matrix and calculating a quantized coefficient ?* to approximate the covariance matrix wherein the quantized coefficient ?* is determined using the first precoding matrix index I.

Abstract: Techniques for Walsh space assignment are disclosed. In one aspect, a list of Walsh functions is maintained in the base station and mobile stations. A Walsh space indicator is transmitted to indicate which of the Walsh functions on the list are to be used in communication. The Walsh space indicator is updated according to the dynamically varying transmit power available or the use of Walsh functions within the base station. Methods by which a mobile station can request Walsh space information are provided. In another aspect, a Walsh space indicator channel is continually broadcast for mobile stations to detect the Walsh space indicator therefrom. In yet another aspect, the Walsh space indicator is used to initialize convolutional encoders and decoders, to provide a mechanism for mitigating against errors introduced while receiving Walsh space indicators. Various other aspects are also presented.

Abstract: A method and apparatus facilitating transmit diversity for control information communications is provided. The method may comprise processing received content, generating control information in response to the processed content, allocating two or more resources associated with two or more transmit antennas for transmitting the control information using a transmit diversity scheme, and determining cyclic shifts by applying a predetermined cyclic shift delta parameter.

Abstract: A method and system for reducing network load by selectively provisioning connections between an access point and a carrier network is disclosed. The access point supports voice and data connections over an IP network. The access point includes a network connection and a telephone connector capable of connecting to a standard landline telephone. The access point also includes at least one detection component that detects whether a landline telephone is plugged in to the telephone connector. The access point is configured to provision a voice connection through the IP network when it detects that a landline telephone is plugged in.

Abstract: A capability for coping with link failures in central control plane architectures is provided. The capability for coping with link failures enables targeted reporting of link failures within the network in a manner that prevents flooding of link failure messages (LFMs) within the network. A method for reporting a failure of a link associated with a node includes detecting a failure of a link associated with the node, identifying an interface of the node associated with the failed link, identifying, from a flow table of the node, an ingress interface of the node via which a flow intended for the failed link is received, generating an LFM for the identified ingress interface, and sending the LFM via the identified ingress interface.

Abstract: A system may include, for example, an Interrogating Call Session Control Function (I-CSCF) device having a processor adapted to receive a request from a Serving CSCF (S-CSCF) device communicatively coupled to a first communication device to establish communications with a second communication device responsive to the first communication device initiating a call directed to the second communication device, and to identify a primary S-CSCF device to which the second communication device is registered. The processor can also be adapted to detect a communication fault when attempting to communicate with the primary S-CSCF device, and to identify a secondary S-CSCF device that provides backup communication services to the second communication device responsive to detecting the communication fault. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A processing method and a transceiver for channel changing in a joint transceiving mode are provided. The method includes: performing fault detection for one or more direct channels; after a fault is detected on a direct channel, stopping sending signals on the direct channel; detecting whether the direct channel with fault has been recovered; and when recovery of the direct channel with fault is detected, resuming sending signals on the direct channel.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product for performing location based load balancing of wireless access points and wireless switches is presented. A wireless controller (WC) receives an associate message from an Access Point (AP)/wireless switch (WS) at the WC. The WC then determines whether a preferred WC for the AP/WS is available. When the preferred WC is not available, then the WC determines if an alternate WC for the AP is available. When the alternate WC is not available, an administrator configured policy may be used that maps the AP to a specific WC. When the policy does exist then the AP is coupled to the WC according to the policy and when the policy does not exist then the WC parses the AP/WS location information for the AP/WS to determine an available geographically closest WC for the AP/WS and sends a message to the AP/WS relating to the available WC. The WC will also assign an available geographically closest WS to AP.

Abstract: A connection between network nodes in a communication network is backed up. A failover switched path such as a label-switched path (LSP) is created starting at a first network node of a connection and ending at the second node of the connection, while bypassing the protected connection. In the event of connection failure, data is transmitted through the failover switched path (e.g., LSP). A network operator can selectively protect different types of data by using filters that bind one or more types of traffic received over one or more interfaces to different failover switched paths (LSPs).

Abstract: A protection path reservation method which reserves protection paths to avoid a node failure for each transmission path on a network formed of a plurality of nodes, comprising assuming the nodes as an imaginary failure node in turn in a condition in which the node failure is not present in the network, and selecting N neighbor nodes connected to the imaginary failure node through N links, wherein the imaginary failure nodes sequentially transmit protection path reservation request messages to neighbor nodes, and the nodes which have received the protection path reservation request messages sequentially, one by one, reserve N?1 protection paths starting from the nodes.