Abstract: An easily bendable high-frequency signal transmission line includes a dielectric body including a protection layer and dielectric sheets laminated on each other, a surface and an undersurface. A signal line is a linear conductor disposed in the dielectric body. A ground conductor is disposed in the dielectric body, faces the signal line via the dielectric sheet, and continuously extends along the signal line. A ground conductor is disposed in the dielectric body, faces the ground conductor via the signal line sandwiched therebetween, and includes a plurality of openings arranged along the signal line. The surface of the dielectric body on the side of the ground conductor with respect to the signal line is in contact with a battery pack.

Abstract: Provided is an atmospheric plasma equipment and a waveguide for the same. The atmospheric plasma equipment according to this disclosure includes: an oscillator supplying an electromagnetic wave; and a waveguide into which the electromagnetic wave generated from the oscillator is input to be propagated therethrough, wherein the waveguide includes at least one or more steps, and plasma is generated at a waveguide region including a final short portion. The atmospheric plasma equipment may simultaneously attain an effect of causing concentration of an electromagnetic wave applied through the waveguide with one or more steps and an effect of stably maintaining generated plasma.

Abstract: There is provided a switching element which facilitates integration with higher density and lamination in a device, the switching element including: an insulating substrate; a first electrode provided on the insulating substrate; a second electrode provided above the first electrode; and a between-electrode gap section provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a nanometer-scale gap for causing a switching phenomenon of a resistor by applying a prescribed voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A contact system includes at least one first contact, at least one second contact, and at least one movable contact. A coil is provided which, when energized generates a force. A magnet is also provided, the magnet having a magnetic force. The forces of the coil and magnet attract the at least one movable contact to the at least one first contact. A return spring having a spring force cooperates with the at least one movable contact to return the at least one movable contact to the at least one second contact when the coil is not energized. The sum of the forces applied by the coil and the magnet are sufficient to overcome the spring force of the return spring to provide a balanced force to both the at least one second contact and the at least one first contact.

Abstract: A safety switch assembly having a number of fixed and movable contacts, a control mechanism that alters the conducting state of the contacts, and a magnetisable member that extends between alternate portions of the safety switch assembly. The safety switch assembly includes a magnetically operable electrical switch that is located in a body of the switch assembly and positioned proximate the magnetisable material such that changes in the magnetic condition of the magnetisable material alter the conducting state of the magnetically operable electrical switch.

Abstract: An embodiment of an electrical contactor according to the present invention provides improved operability and manufacturability. Such electrical contactor may include a housing substantially surrounding an electrical conductor assembly and contact actuator. The conductor assembly includes a stationary contact assembly and a movable contact assembly. The contact actuator selectively mechanically interfaces to the movable contact assembly to make or break an electrical conduction. The contactor provides improved contact bounce dampening and actuator force characteristics. Methods according to the present invention include a method of manufacturing and a method of operating a solenoid actuated electrical contactor so as to minimize solenoid plunger acceleration and impact forces while making the electrical conduction and to maximize solenoid plunger acceleration and impact forces while breaking the electrical conduction.

Abstract: Provided is an electromagnetic contactor (20) which transmits an attraction movement of a movable core (8d) of an electromagnet (8), via a drive lever (9), to a movable contact support (7a) that is movable in parallel with the movable core (8d), wherein an urging portion (21) for applying an urging force to the movable core (8d) is provided such that the movable core (8d) is held at a movable core initial position which is apart from a fixed core (8c) and does not allow engagement with the movable contact support (7a).

Abstract: A contact device includes a pair of fixed contactors fixed to one side of an insulation container with a predetermined space therebetween and having a columnar shape with a tip end contact surface protruding at lease inside the insulation container, and a movable contactor disposed to be capable of contacting with and separating from the pair of fixed contactors. Surfaces of the pair of fixed contactors facing the movable contactor are formed of annular peripheral walls having a concave part at a center thereof. An annular arc is formed between the annular peripheral wall and the movable contactor when the contact device is in an open state.

Abstract: A single-coil actuator for low or medium voltage applications which comprises a first assembly which comprises a first casing having a first half-casing and a second half-casing coupled to each other. The first casing defines an internal space housing an electromagnet having a coil and an armature movable between two positions. The first half-casing has a first opening for the mechanical coupling of the armature with an external element, while one of the first or second half-casing has a second opening for the electrical connection of the electromagnet. The electrical connection comprises a first connection element of the socket and plug-type connection which is electrically connected to the coil and positioned in correspondence of the second opening.

Abstract: A hand switch for removable attachment to a powered surgical tool. The switch includes a ring formed with a slot that is snap fit over the tool with which the switch is used. A manually actuatable lever is pivotally mounted to the ring. Internal to the lever is a magnet. The position of the magnet is monitored by a sensor internal to the tool. A tab extends inwardly from the ring. The tab seats in a notch integral with the tool. The seating of the tab in the notch aligned the switch with the sensor internal to the tool.

Abstract: A superconducting magnet is described and includes at least one superconducting coil, at least one support member coupled to the superconducting coil and at least one compliant interface between the superconducting coil and the support member. The superconducting coil defines a radial direction. The superconducting coil supports the superconducting coil along an axial direction that is substantially perpendicular to the radial direction. The compliant interface is configured to move along the radial direction when the superconducting magnet is energized.

Abstract: An electromagnet, in particular a switching magnet, has a field winding (11) located on a coil former (7), and has a pole piece (23) forming a part of the magnetic return path. A pole core (17) and an axially movable magnetic piston (19) are provided within the coil former (7). The pole piece (23) forms an aperture opening (25) for the magnet piston (19) on the area opposite the pole core (17). The magnet piston (19) is borne for its movement in its guide in the pole core (17). The pole piece (23) has a flange part (27) at least partially engaged over the coil former (7) at its axial end, and has a bush part (29) which extends axially from it. Within the coil former (7), the pole piece forms a hollow cylinder engaged over a longitudinal section of the magnet piston (19). Between the inner wall of the hollow cylinder and the circumference of the magnet piston (19), a parasitic air gap (30) is formed.

Abstract: A housing designed to house an electromagnetic relay comprises a switching member including electrical contact switching pieces, able to move in translation along a principal direction. The housing has a hollow body receiving the switching member, elements fixing the body to a support. The fixing elements each include a fixing part having a surface bearing on the support and means of fixing to the support. The fixing elements further have a connection part connecting the fixing part to the body and the connection parts are designed so as to deform in flexion at least along the main direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a solenoid switch for starting devices for starting internal combustion engines, comprising a joint (100) between assembled parts of the solenoid switch. The invention is characterized in that the joint is formed in such a way that a direct penetration of spray water is prevented and pressure compensation is enabled.

Abstract: The invention provides a reactor to be built in a power converter. In the reactor, an induction component composed of a coil being a winding of a conductor wire, a core in which interior a magnetic path is formed and an insulation bobbin positioning and engaging a wire wound part of the coil is housed in a case to be soaked with a mold resin. Inner bottom face of the case has a plurality of surfaces having not less than two different heights letting the outside bottom of the case a reference surface, and the lower end face of the core is in contact with any of the case inner bottom surfaces excluding the lowest inner bottom surface. As a result, the reactor is suitable for on-vehicle applications to achieve reduced article variation as well as a longer service life, a shorter operation time and decreased cost.

Abstract: An electrical system having an underlying structure resembling the double helix most commonly associated with DNA may be used to produce useful electromagnetic fields for various applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor device comprising a plurality of layers, the semiconductor device comprising:—a substrate having a first major surface,—an inductive element fabricated on the first major surface of the substrate, the inductive element comprising at least one conductive line, and—a plurality of tilling structures in at least one layer, wherein the plurality of tilling structures are electrically connected together and are arranged in a geometrical pattern so as to substantially inhibit an inducement of an image current in the tilling structures by a current in the inductive element. It is an advantage of the above semiconductor device that, by using such tilling structures, an inductive element with improved quality factor is obtained. The present invention also provides a method for providing an inductive element in a semiconductor device comprising a plurality of layers.

Abstract: A structure for wireless communication having a plurality of conductor layers, an insulator layer separating each of the conductor layers, and at least one connector connecting two of the conductor layers wherein an electrical resistance is reduced when an electrical signal is induced in the resonator at a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: A common mode noise filter includes: a first magnetic body and a second magnetic body; a non-magnetic body sandwiched between the first magnetic body and second magnetic body; and a first coil conductor and a second coil conductor of planar shape which are embedded in the non-magnetic body and positioned on the first magnetic body side and second magnetic body side in the non-magnetic body in a manner facing each other in a non-contact state; wherein a first lead conductor that connects one end of the first coil conductor to a first external terminal is embedded in the non-magnetic body 13, while a second lead conductor that connects one end of the second coil conductor to a third external terminal is embedded in the non-magnetic body.

Abstract: A stereo-triangular wound-core power transformer with a voltage class more than or equal to 110 kV is disclosed, which includes a stereo-triangle wound-core and windings, wherein the core includes iron yokes and core pillars which are arranged in a stereo-triangle shape, with every two adjacent core pillars connected through an iron yoke. The power transformer further includes angle rings, end rings, insulating end rings, insulating end plates and a frame-type clamp, wherein the angle rings, insulating end rings, end rings and insulating end rings are arranged at both ends of the core pillars in sequence, respectively, and the ends of the core pillars are arranged on the insulating end plates. The frame-type clamp covers the iron yokes, and the supporting boards of the frame-type clamp are connected with the insulating end plates through pressing screws.

Abstract: This document discusses, among other things, an inductive component that can include a core having two portions: (1) a first portion composed of a first material having a first magnetic saturation level; and (2) a second portion composed of a second material selected to provide inductance for the inductive component when an external magnetic field is greater than the first magnetic saturation level. In an example, the first portion can be composed of a material having a relatively low magnetic saturation level (e.g., a ferrite), and the second portion can be composed of a material having a relatively high magnetic saturation level (e.g., a high permeability iron alloy).

Abstract: Power conversion systems and integrated multi-phase chokes providing high common mode to differential mode choke inductance ratios with circular and triangular shapes for concurrent differential filtering and common-mode voltage blocking in motor drives and other power conversion applications.

Abstract: A PTC conductive composite material and the overcurrent protection device made of the material are disclosed. The PTC conductive composite material includes: (a) A matrix of crystalline polymer material at least, occupies 20%-70% of the volume fraction of the PTC conductive composite material, (b) One kind of conductive filler occupies 30%-80% of the volume fraction of the material. The solid solution conductive filler is uniformly dispersed in the polymer material, whose average particle size ranges from 0.1 ?m to 10 ?m, and the volume resistivity is no more than 300 ??·cm. The overcurrent protection device prepared by using the PTC conductive composite material as described above includes two metal foils, which are made into a sandwich, separated by a layer of the PTC conductive composite material. And the advantages of the overcurrent protection device of the invention are low resistance, good reproducibility of resistance and well PTC intensity.

Abstract: A system of devices comprises a plurality of sensor devices and a central gateway device. Each sensor device comprises communicating means for communicating with the central gateway device, storage means storing a unique identifier, and display means displaying a location identifier. The central gateway device comprises communicating means for communicating with the plurality of sensor devices, and storage means storing the unique identifiers of the plurality of sensor devices.

Abstract: An electronic device can include: a communication unit; a display unit for display contents; and a controller configured to: display a user interface for querying whether to continuously display the contents or stop a display of the contents on the display unit, when the electronic device enters a high rate time slot determined based on electricity rate information received through the communication unit, receive an input for stopping the display of the contents through the user interface, and output a power ON signal and source information of the contents to a replacement electronic device.

Abstract: A low-power wireless network involves a plurality of RF-enabled fluorescent lamp starter units. In each of a plurality of intervals, a receiver of a starter unit operates in a receive mode during a beacon slot time, and for the majority of the rest of the interval operates in a low-power sleep mode. The starter unit wakes up and listens for a beacon each beacon slot time, regardless of whether a beacon is transmitted during that interval or not. A starter unit can be commanded to schedule a future action (for example, for a time between widely spaced synchronizing beacons) by making one of the beacons a scheduling beacon. The scheduling beacon includes a field that the starter unit uses to schedule the future action. If the scheduled action is to be canceled before the next widely spaced synchronizing beacon, then an action-canceling beacon is communicated in the next interval.

Abstract: The present invention is aimed at providing a remote control device for an air conditioner which makes it possible for a user to fully use added functions of the air conditioner without being unable to make a quick decision about or giving up added value functions, and to realize energy savings in the air conditioner without difficulty, by not adopting input with buttons, but by adopting inputs describing scenes in a daily life of the user by words. The remote control device for the air conditioner according to the present invention includes a chassis; an interface display unit, which is placed in a front surface of the chassis, and is formed by a full dot liquid crystal display; and a scene button, which is placed in a front surface of the chassis, to select and decide a scene selection that is displayed on the interface display unit.

Abstract: A system and method for prosthetic/orthotic (PO) device and/or PO system communication. PO devices of the present invention may employ common communications and/or communications/control modules that allow for wireless communication between PO devices and other devices, such as remote controls and data transfer devices. The present invention also provides for a methodology of determinant and non-interfering simultaneous communication between multiple PO devices of a PO system.

Abstract: A method of protection of a near-field contactless communication system against malicious attacks. The method includes exchange of information between a reader and a contactless card of duration T, measured with respect to a starting instant t0 seen from the reader, decoding of this information by the card, sending by the card a return signal temporally set with respect to an instant t?0+T, where t?0 is the starting instant as seen by the card taking into account delays in propagation or processing of signals received from the reader, detection of the return signal by the reader, determination of the temporal setting of the return signal with respect to the starting instant t0, and interruption of communication by the reader if the temporal setting of the return signal detected is not equal to the instant t0+T with a predetermined margin of error. The return signal is a pseudo-random sequence.

Abstract: A coded wireless sensor unit has a slot sized to receive a key card. When a key card is inserted into the slot, the act of insertion generates a energy-harvested power pulse, which powers circuitry that reads electrical device control information coded on the key card and creates a first information packet signal that is transmitted by an on-board transmitter. The signal can be read by a receiver and relayed to a control unit which controls certain electrical devices which consume line power in response to received information packet signals. The control unit decodes received information packet signals and either turns on or activates the electrical devices in accordance with the decoded device control information. Removal of a key card can also be used to generate a power pulse, which creates a second information packet signal that is used to turn off or deactivate the electrical devices.

Abstract: This invention provides a system and apparatus that is able to authenticate and prevent illegal manufacturing and unauthorized operation of disposable bioprocess components. This invention utilizes a ferro-electric random access memory chip (FRAM) chip to store error-correctable information on a RFID tag attached to the disposable bioprocess components, where the error-correctable information is written in sequence into the memory chip, so that the redundant information can remain in the chip when the RFID tag and disposable bioprocess component is gamma-sterilized. Also, this invention includes a method for authenticating the disposable bioprocess component that reduces liability in that a counterfeit poor quality disposable component is not used on the hardware so the user will not file an unjustified complaint.

Abstract: A method is disclosed. It includes displaying, by a device, an authentication image including a plurality of image elements comprising a set of image elements, wherein the image elements in the set of image elements are located at a set of positions on a display screen. The method also comprises receiving, at the device, a glyph having a configuration corresponding to the set of image elements from a user while the authentication image is displayed. The method further comprises determining if the glyph is authentic, and initiating a payment transaction after receiving the glyph.

Abstract: A portable biometric lighter device (100) generally involving a control unit (210), a biometric sensor, such as a fingerprint sensor (140), wherein the biometric sensor is configured to scan a biometric data of a user and is operably coupled to the control unit (210), and an ignition element, wherein the ignition element is activated by the control unit (210) upon a match of the scanned biometric data of the user and a biometric data of an authorized user that is stored in a memory device.

Abstract: An interrogator (Interrog) is additionally provided with a logic circuit (ActCommProt-ImplLCI) for implementing an active communication protocol and with a receiving second antenna (AI2) provided for an active communication. Said antenna is connected through an active receiver (AMActRecI) for receiving amplitude-modulated signals to said logic circuit (ActCommProtlmplLCI). A transmitting and receiving first antenna (AT1) in each transponder (Transp) is connected through an active receiver (AM-ActRecT) for receiving amplitude-modulated signals to a logic circuit (ActCommProt-ImplLCT) for implementing the active communication protocol, an output signal of which logic circuit is conducted through an active transmitter (AMActTransmT) for transmitting amplitude-modulated signals to a transmitting second antenna (AT2) for active communication. The transponder (Transp) is provided with a power supply circuit (SupplC).

Abstract: A radio frequency identification (RFID) device and method for controlling power supply are provided. The RFID device controls power supply to its elements based on its connection with a host and its operation mode, thereby reducing power consumption.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for managing the operation of a ship block, including a ship block size and location measuring system, a transporter monitoring system, a block transportation monitoring system and a transportation lot number management system. The ship block size and location measuring system includes a direction angle sensor, a range finder, a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader and a control system, and the control system includes a block size and location measuring server, a vector calculating module, a coordinate calculating module, a size and location extracting module, and a memory module.

Abstract: Provided is a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader that can minimize collision among RFID readers in an environment where there are a plurality of RFID readers within a limited operating environment by making each RFID reader select a channel at different delay time based on a random value, and a method for controlling operation of the RFID reader. The RFID reader includes a random value generating unit; a reader control unit for adaptively deciding a counter value for generating the random value; an anti-collision unit for preventing collision among a plurality of tags; a reader transmitting unit for generating a reader command message determined by the anti-collision unit, encoding the reader command message, and modulating the reader command message; a reader receiving unit for demodulating and decoding a tag signal; and a channel operation control unit for selecting a channel to be used for the communication with the tag.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radio frequency identification (RFID) system and a tag counting ending method for anti-collision thereof. The RFID system comprises a reader-writer and tags. The tag counting ending method comprises: in the counting process, when the reader-writer does not receive a response signal from a tag and the value of a register is not greater than a pre-determined counting ending register threshold value, the reader-writer transmits a Finish command to each of the tags and waits for responses; after receiving the Finish command, the tag determines whether the tag itself is counted successfully, if so, makes no response; if not, sets the counter of tag itself as 0 and transmits a response signal to the reader-writer; if the reader-writer receives the response signal, then determines that counting is not finished and continues to count the tag which makes response; if the reader-writer does not receive the response signal, then determines that counting is finished.

Abstract: An RFID reader control system and method is provided. A protocol for controlling an RFID reader and an RFID reader control unit of a mobile phone is defined. Messages, information, commands, responses, and notification are constructed and transmitted between the RFID reader and the RFID reader control unit.

Abstract: An intellectual refrigerator combining with a portable electric device is present. The refrigerator has an image unit, a wireless transmitting unit and a micro control unit (MCU) therein. The image unit is used to monitor status or fetch image in a case of the refrigerator. The MCU electrically connects to the image unit and the wireless transmitting unit. The refrigerator further includes a connecting socket arranged on an outer surface of the case, and the connecting socket includes a first transmitting interface electrically connected to the MCU. When the electric device is plugged in the connecting socket, a connection is established by the MCU of the refrigerator with the electric device physically via the first connecting interface. When the electric device is removed from the connection socket, the connection is automatically turned to establish by the MCU with the electric device wirelessly via the wireless transmitting unit.

Abstract: A remote control system includes a remote control device configured to control a plurality of consumer electronic devices. The remote control system further includes a programming system configured to: i) receive identifying information, which identifies each of the consumer electronic devices, ii) generate at least one macro, which is configured for collectively controlling the consumer electronic devices to perform a media function; and iii) issue a query to a user to determine whether the macro is to be used by the remote control device. If a positive response is received by the programming system in response to the query, then configuring the remote control device for using the macro. If a negative response is received by the programming system in response to the query, then not configuring the remote control device for using the macro.

Abstract: A remote control method applied to a remote control system, including a remote control device and at least one be-controlled device, includes the following steps. The remote control device discovers the at least one be-controlled device dynamically via a network and retrieves a device control profile from the at least one be-controlled device. The device control profile includes a composite finite state machine representing the dependency of various operation states of the at least one be-controlled device and multiple control codes coded in a bit-string format. Then the remote control device retrieves a current operation state code from the at least one be-controlled device via the network periodically. The remote control device analyzes the current operation state code based on the device control profile to accordingly generate a user interface to control the at least one be-controlled device.

Abstract: A power line communication system includes a plurality of communication nodes, a communication line coupling the communication nodes, a direct current power line coupling a connection point of the communication line with one of a positive terminal of a battery and a supply terminal of a load, and a capacitor coupled between the direct current power line and a ground. The communication nodes communicate with each other by superimposing a high frequency signal having a wavelength of ? to the communication line. The capacitor is coupled with the direct current power line at a position where a line length from the connection point is (n×?/2+?/4), where n is a natural number including zero.

Abstract: A system and method for providing an odometer verification for a vehicle. The method carried out by the system includes the steps of: (a) receiving authorization from a customer to periodically store odometer information obtained from the customer's vehicle; (b) configuring at least one processing device such that it automatically stores odometer readings and associated correlation parameter values for the vehicle; (c) receiving a request for an odometer verification; (d) analyzing the odometer readings and associated correlation parameter values in response to the request; (e) determining a verification result based on the analysis; and (f) sending the verification result to a recipient in response to the determination.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting an error in the installation of an electrical component in a vehicle having a vehicle bus is disclosed herein. The system includes, but is not limited to a vehicle communication interface that is configured to be communicatively coupled with the vehicle bus and to detect a first power state of the vehicle. The system further includes an aftermarket telematics unit that is configured to be electrically connected to the vehicle and to wirelessly communicate with the vehicle communication interface. The vehicle communication interface is further configured to detect a second power state of the aftermarket telematics unit, to compare the first power state with the second power state, and to alert a third party when the first power state and the second power state do not correspond with one another.

Abstract: A method for exchanging information between a vehicle (1) and a mobile ID provider (11) has the following process steps: transmitting status request signals of the ID provider (11) to a communications device (21) in the vehicle having a prescribed period, wherein the periodically occurring action has the status request signal and a predefined pause, —activating the communications device (21) in the vehicle in case of alarm in a receiving mode, receiving the status request signal of the ID provider (11) by the activated communications device (21) in the vehicle, —transmitting an alarm message by the communications device (21) in the vehicle to the mobile ID provider (11); and display of the alarm signal on the ID provider (11). The method is particularly suited for the display of alarm messages of a vehicle on a mobile ID provider.

Abstract: An asset's TCU, or a mobile device coupled thereto, receives and stores geographical boundary definitions to a memory. A processor uses the boundary definition to determine an initial-location boundary based on the definition and the current location of the TCU at the time it received the boundary request message. As the TCU's GPS unit generates location information, the processor retrieves the initial-location boundary definition from the memory and compares the current location from the GPS receiver to it according to an algorithm. If the processor determines that the current location of the vehicle has crossed the boundary, the processor generates an alert message, which may be an e-mail, SMS, telephonic, interne, IM, or other electronic message indicating that an asset crossed the boundary, and sends it wirelessly using a transceiver to a central computer for further processing, or directly to another device, according to a notification destination identifier.

Abstract: A visual indicator assembly and adaptor for a trailer includes an control circuit, an input lamp plug electrically coupled to the control circuit, an output lamp plug electrically coupled to the control circuit, and an identification lamp plug electrically coupled to the control circuit. The input lamp plug is connectable to a trailer lamp plug of a lamp wiring harness of the trailer. The output lamp plug is connectable to a stop lamp of the trailer. The identification lamp plug is connectable to a corresponding identification lamp plug of the lamp wiring harness. The control circuit is configured to supply a first voltage signal to a plurality of lamps of the trailer in response to a power signal and supply a second voltage signal to the plurality of lamps in response to a brake signal. The second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal.

Abstract: A collision detector includes a chamber, a pressure sensor, and a bumper absorber. The chamber defines a hollow space, and the pressure sensor detects a pressure in the hollow space. The bumper absorber absorbs impact caused by a collision of an object with a vehicle, and covers an outer periphery of the chamber. The chamber and the bumper absorber are interposed with a gap in an entire width of the vehicle. In case of collision, the chamber is not bound by the bumper absorber deformed by the impact of the collision, thereby enabling an accurate detection of the collision of the vehicle with the object.

Abstract: A video mirror system for a vehicle includes an interior rearview mirror assembly with an electrochromic reflective element. The reflective element has an electrochromic medium disposed between a first substrate and a second substrate and has a transflective third-surface mirror reflector. A video display is disposed to the rear of the reflective element and emits light when actuated that passes through the transflective mirror reflector. The video display includes a thin film transistor video screen that is back lit by a plurality of white light emitting light emitting diodes that are operable by a control. The control includes DC to DC conversion circuitry that includes circuitry for converting an ignition voltage of the equipped vehicle to a lower voltage that is closer to the forward voltage applied across individual white light emitting light emitting diodes of the plurality of white light emitting light emitting diodes than the ignition voltage.