Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for allocating code resources to ACK/NACK channel indexes, when UEs need ACK/NACK transmission in a wireless communication system in which a predetermined number of orthogonal cover Walsh codes is selected from among available orthogonal cover Walsh codes, at least one subset is formed, having the selected orthogonal cover Walsh codes arranged in an ascending order of cross interference, subsets are selected for use in first and second slots of a subframe, and the orthogonal cover Walsh codes of the subset selected for each slot and ZC sequence cyclic shift values are allocated to the ACK/NACK channel indexes.

Abstract: Method for signal generation in broadband wireless communications, comprises: A. modulating, segmenting and serial-parallel converting the signal data to be transmitted, then computing DFT of the serial-parallel converted data so as to transfer them to frequency domain; B. performing block unit modulating processing and block repeat modulating processing on the frequency domain data, then mapping the block units to assigned time-frequency positions; C. computing IFFT of the mapped block units, then adding them to the cycle prefix, thus the random sequences in time domain are generated. Apparatus for signal generation, Method and system for message transmission in broadband wireless communications are also disclosed. The problem of resource allocation and scheduling, and problem of interference coordination and control are solved, the throughput and performance of communication system are greatly improved.

Abstract: An example method includes monitoring a layer two network with a first network device that operates within the network. The method also includes discovering a second network device that operates within the network by receiving an extended continuity check message (CCM) transmitted from the second network device. The extended CCM transmitted from the second network device indicates to other network devices that a service instance is available on the second network device, and includes an indication of one or more network devices from which the second network device has received CCMs for the service instance. The method further includes determining that bidirectional connectivity exists between the first network device and the second network device when the indication includes the first network device as one of the network devices from which the second network device has received CCMs for the service instance.

Abstract: A network device relating to a digital subscriber line (DSL) such as an asymmetrical DSL (ADSL) or a very high bit rate DSL (VDSL) is provided. In the present invention, the capacitors equipped into the network device are separated and grouped into two independent groups. When the network device runs out of power, the energy of one of the two independent groups is provided for generating the dying gasp signal, and the energy of the other of the two independent groups is provided for amplifying and transmitting the dying gasp signal to a Central Office (CO). Accordingly, the CO can be accurately known whether the network device runs out of power or not, and the respective capacitances of the two independent groups can be significantly reduced so as to reduce the cost of the network device.

Abstract: A double ring network system configured with two or more transmission stations each including a pair of bi-directionally communicative communication ports, including any adjacent two transmission stations as terminal stations, and any transmission station as a base, as mutually connected in a ring form by communication ports through a transmission line, for intercommunications between transmission stations, in which the transmission stations are each adapted to determine whether or not frame signals are received from adjacent transmission stations, transmit route identifying frame signals for identification of routes to adjacent transmission stations, when having failed in reception, and set own station as a terminal station substituting for a current terminal station, when having received no responses to the route identifying frames from adjacent transmission stations, so they are kept from arriving at ring-like connected subsequent transmission stations.

Abstract: A method comprising the steps of receiving a signal indicative of a failure of a working connection in a mesh network having a headend node, a tailend node and an intermediate node, and having a protecting connection, and transmitting an activation message via the protecting connection from at least one of the headend node and the tailend node to the intermediate node for activating the protecting connection.

Abstract: Fault-tolerant Ethernet is provided through the use of special interfaces providing end-devices with duplicate ports that may be alternatively enabled with the same network address in the event of a fault detected by loss of the message from a beacon device. Unidirectional network errors in the direction from the end-device to the beacon devices are detected through a path check message from the end-device to the beacon device. Multiple faults may be accommodated without network interruption by adding top-level switches without increasing the number of ports on the end-devices by cross connecting a lowest level of switch.

Abstract: Methods and systems are directed to dynamically mirroring a connection between network devices. Mirroring is managed by forwarding a packet between a first network device and a second network device. In one method, the first network device receives the packet from a client and communicates the packet to the second network device. A forwarding device, pre-determined from the first and second network devices, forwards the packet to a server. The first network device receives a response from the server, and communicates it to the second network device. The forwarding device forwards the response packet to the client. In one configuration, the first network device and forwarding device is an active device, and the second network device is a standby device. In another configuration, the first network device is a standby device, and the second network device and forwarding device is an active device.

Abstract: An Ethernet Switch Ring (ESR) protection method for introducing the pre-up state for the transit node, includes, after a loop failure is recovered, the transit node on the loop entering the pre-up state if not receiving the loop failure protocol message within a set time. And when the transit node is in the pre-up state and the loop fails again, i.e., the transit node receives the loop failure protocol message in the pre-up state, the transit node opens the master and slave ports and refreshes the MAC address. Effectively, the transit node is an ESR transit node.

Abstract: A method for service protection is disclosed, which is applied to a 1:n switching technique. The method includes the following steps. A source end sends a service to a work transmission entity, the work transmission entity performs performance monitoring through the transmitted service, a sink end receives the service from the work transmission entity; when a Signal Degrade (SD) fault occurs at the work transmission entity, the source end sends the service to the work transmission entity and a protection transmission entity simultaneously, and the sink end selects to receive the service from the protection transmission entity; the protection transmission entity performs the performance monitoring through the transmitted service; when the SD fault occurs at both the work transmission entity and the protection transmission entity, the sink end still receives the service from the protection transmission entity. A system for service protection is also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments describe flow based fair scheduling in a wireless multi-hop network. The scheduling can be rate controlled multi-hop scheduling or power controlled multi-hop scheduling. The scheduling chosen is intended to provide maxmin fairness over all flows within the wireless network.

Abstract: An energy meter system includes an energy meter with metering circuitry that is enabled to collect metrology data relating to energy usage. Communications circuitry in the energy meter is configured to selectively communicate the metrology data to a head end server over an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) network and a home area network (HAN).

Abstract: The invention comprises a method and apparatus that prevents the activation of a congestion controlling process that would otherwise be activated in response any packet loss condition. The congestion controlling process is inhibited when a congestion parameter associated indicates that the packet loss condition is not caused by congestion.

Abstract: A priority queue assignment technique for quality-of-service (“QoS”) network flows in a network is provided. A network path is determined for an incoming flow including a plurality of network switches associated, with a plurality of priority queue levels. A priority queue level is determined for the incoming flow for at least one of the plurality of network switches in the network path based on priority queue levels of existing flows. The priority queue level of the incoming flow is adjusted, to dynamically balance flows over the plurality of priority queue levels for at least one of the plurality of network switches in the network path based on quality-of-service (“QoS”) requirements associated with the incoming flow.

Abstract: A monitoring management apparatus may include a storage unit that stores connection information indicating a connection state of the wireless device connected to the communication system, a display unit that displays the wireless device connected to the communication system based on the connection information stored in the storage unit, an input unit that receives an instruction related to the wireless device displayed on the display unit, and a control unit that performs control of temporarily interrupting communication of a wireless device, other than a wireless device satisfying conditions set in advance, with reference to the connection information stored in the storage unit when a simultaneous interruption instruction to simultaneously interrupt communication of a wireless device is input to the input unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing distributed router architecture includes a processing element and a resource availability element. The processing element may be configured to receive indications of receipt of data associated with a service for routing to a destination address. The resource availability element may be in communication with the processing element and may be configured to monitor resource usage over a plurality of distributed resource planes. The processing element may be further configured to allocate a resource associated with routing the data based on the monitored resource usage.

Abstract: A system for adjusting the window size of a TCP packet on a packet network including a sending network element in communication with a receiving network element for transmitting and receiving data packets between the sending network element and the receiving network element on the packet network, wherein at least one of the sending network element and the receiving network element is configured to determine network performance information of the packet network; and adjust the window size of the TCP packet based on the network performance information. A method for adjusting the window size of a TCP packet on a packet network is also included.

Abstract: A vehicular distributed embedded real-time controller area network system includes ECUs that function in an event-triggered mode to initiate a transmission of the message to the communication bus. Each ECU includes a sender buffer for storing the generated message. A bus controller interfaces with the ECUs and manages the transfer of messages to and from the communication bus. The transfer of messages onto the communication bus is executed by the controller area network controller on an interrupt basis. The bus controller being unavailable to receive a message from the ECU when a previous message stored within a memory of the bus controller is awaiting transmission on the communication bus. The bus controller is available to receive a message from the ECU when the memory is empty. The sender buffer stores messages received from the electronic control unit when the bus controller is unavailable.

Abstract: A method for estimating an end-to-end delay in a transmission network is described along with a number of embodiments. The method may use a variety of measured delay characteristics associated with domains spanning the network as inputs to a function which provides an estimation of delay. The function is not computationally complex, and thus accurate estimates of end-to-end delay may be obtained more quickly and therefore be made more useful in real-time network administration.

Abstract: A method to control communication traffic in a communication network. The traffic includes application-level messages between a client and a server having a private network address. The method includes the steps of: sending by the client a request message requesting a service to the server using a first public network address associated with the server; processing the request message at an intermediate logic unit logically positioned between the client and the server; and receiving an alert signal at the intermediate unit. Upon receipt of said alert signal, the method provides for: mapping the private network address of the server to a second public network address associated with the server; and instructing the client to send the request message to the second public network address of the server, routing to the server only request messages directed to the second public network address.

Abstract: An IF unit to an RF unit generate a packet signal containing a control signal and a data signal and transmits the thus generated packet signal. A radio control unit performs a first retransmission control or a second retransmission control on the packet signal transmitted. The radio control unit causes the IF unit to the RF unit to have first control information for the first retransmission control contained in the control signal and have second control information for the second retransmission control contained in the data signal.

Abstract: A traffic prediction component may automatically generate predicted traffic profiles for web sites based on tags that characterize the sites. An initial set of tags can be selected for a web site based on a set of predefined rules. An initial traffic profile may be selected based on the initial set of tags. The predicted profile of user traffic is then generated based on the initial set of tags and on the initial traffic profile.

Abstract: A quality of service routing architecture is provided which includes a network router configured to route network data traffic. The architecture may further include a routing communication protocol for to sending router control information from the network router to other network routers, the routing communication protocol having a quality of service level attribute. There may be a routing communication protocol decoding module on the network router. The routing communication protocol decoding module may identify incoming routing control communications and determine the quality of service level attribute of the incoming routing control communications. The network router can also include a quality of service forwarding module for determining a next hop router value based on the quality of service level attribute and forwarding data according to the next hop value determination.

Abstract: Example methods disclosed herein to reroute Internet Protocol traffic include, after detecting a defect in a first communication path for routing user traffic associated with a network user, causing a router to buffer the user traffic for a first time period having a first duration before causing the router to reroute the user traffic over a second communication path, the first duration based on a first threshold. Such example methods also include, after detecting correction of the defect, causing the router to continue to route the user traffic over the second communication path for a second time period having a second duration before causing the router to revert to routing the user traffic over the first communication path, the second duration based on a second threshold, the first and second thresholds being adjustable based on a number of cycles of network defects and network corrections counted within a tracking period.

Abstract: A millimeter-wave radio frequency (RF) system, and method thereof for transferring multiple signals over a single transmission line connected between modules of a millimeter-wave RF system. The system comprises a single transmission line for connecting a first part of the RF system and a second part of the RF system, the single transmission line transfers a multiplexed signal between the first part and second part, wherein the multiplexed signal includes intermediate frequency (IF) signal, a local oscillator (LO) signal, a control signal, and a power signal; the first part includes a baseband module and a chip-to-line interface module for interfacing between the baseband module and the single transmission line; and the second part includes a RF module and a line-to-chip interface module for interfacing between the RF module and the single transmission line, wherein the first part and the second part are located away from each other.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enabling a tool to collect alerting information of network disruptions across access networks external to a packet network, e.g., a VoIP network, is disclosed. By monitoring the status of external access networks, service disruptions in the VoIP network that can be potentially caused by such access networks can be anticipated, prevented, diagnosed and/or resolved rapidly.

Abstract: Systems and methods which provide network congestion avoidance implementing a fairness scheme in which a cost function is used are shown. Transmission cost, for use in network congestion avoidance packet dropping decisions, may be determined from an amount of air time needed to transmit a data packet, a transmission data rate, a size of a packet, an amount of spectral energy or transmit power associated with transmission, etc. A packet dropping probability for a particular packet is preferably determined as a function of the current flow cost and average flow cost to provide fair allocation of network communications resources. Embodiments additionally implement buffer based packet dropping probability calculation in order to provide a robust network congestion avoidance technique. Cost based packet dropping probability calculation and buffer based packet dropping probability calculation implemented according to embodiments are adapted to accommodate quality of service applications.

Abstract: A system and method changes a rate at which routing information is sent to increase it upon the detection of one or more events, maintaining the then current rate for an amount of time, or dropping it, otherwise.

Abstract: An example method is provided and can include initiating a probe session at a source network element; identifying multiple paths from the source network element to a destination network element in a network; transmitting packets from the source network element along the multiple paths; compiling a list of network characteristics associated with the multiple paths; and selecting a particular one of the multiple paths for packet routing based on the network characteristics.

Abstract: A relay device includes a switch for switching a combination of an input for receiving traffic data and an output for sending the traffic data; a congestion information processing section for obtaining congestion information indicating a degree of congestion of each of a plurality of traffics from an adjacent relay device, and congestion information of each traffic in the relay device; a congestion information comparison section for finding information on a congestion level which quantitatively indicates difficulty of flowing of each traffic on a transmission route based on the congestion information obtained from the adjacent relay device and the congestion information of the relay device; a transmission scheduling adjustment section for assigning a transmission band of a bus to each traffic based on the congestion level; and a switch assignment section for shifting the switch based on a result of the assignment of the transmission band of the bus.

Abstract: In order to achieve the discovery and calculation of interlayer paths, a method for calculating an interlayer path is proposed by the present invention, comprising: a label switch router (LSR) of a layer selecting a path calculation element (PCE) of the layer according to the received discovery information of each PCE and sending thereto a path calculation request for the LSR, wherein the above discovery information comprises: indication information and interlayer information, with the indication information indicating whether the PCE can be used as a default interlayer path calculation element of the layer, and the interlayer information indicating a layer where the PCE is located and an adjacent layer thereof; when a path of the LSR is disconnected, selecting based on the interlayer information a path calculation element (PCE) of the next layer and sending thereto a path calculation request for the disconnected portion of the path until the path is connected; and replying a path calculation result to the PC

Abstract: There is disclosed a system and method for implementing concurrent ingress and egress viewing of network traffic data to evaluate the performance of a device under test. The method may be performed by a network testing system. The method may be performed in real-time.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for performing measurement of reference signals in the proper subframes of a first radio access technology (RAT) while operating in a second RAT. For certain aspects, the first and second RATs may be Time Division Duplex Long Term Evolution (TDD-LTE) and Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), respectively. By knowing the correct TDD-LTE downlink and uplink subframe configurations, a user equipment device (UE) may temporarily leave the TD-SCDMA network during an idle interval and perform expedited and accurate measurement of TDD-LTE reference signals without errors from trying to measure reference signals during uplink subframes.

Abstract: A method for detecting OAM includes: sending a detection maintenance entity OAM command to a network element equipment board after a user activating an established maintenance entity; receiving a reply message sent by the network element equipment board and acquiring replying board information and monitoring ID information matched with the maintenance entity; and starting a timer, and detecting whether preconfigured heartbeat detection time is reached, if not reached, detecting whether a OAM detection result which is reported by the network element equipment board and is matched with a monitoring ID is received, if received, transferring the OAM detection result to a network management interface to be displayed; and if reached, sending the heartbeat detection message, and detecting whether the OAM detection result which is reported by the network element equipment board and is matched with the monitoring ID is received after receiving a heartbeat reply message.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for a network switch that periodically determines whether there are connectivity problems with first ports and a second port independently of responding to requests from computer systems. Information to be sent to the computer system that sends a request is generated. The information includes an error message regarding at least one of the connectivity problems when one of the first ports or the second port with the connectivity problem is required to respond to the request.

Abstract: A method and network node for generating and applying policy rules in an IP network. A Policy Enforcement Function (PEF) is implemented in a node such as a Gateway GPRS Service Node (GGSN) routing packet flows to and from network users. An Application Function (AF) determines source and destination addressing information for a packet flow and sends the information to a Policy and Charging Decision Function in a Policy and Charging Control Function (PCRF) having access to service and mobility policies for network users. The PCRF generates policy rules based on the addressing information and the appropriate service and mobility policies. The PCRF sends the policies rules to the PEF for application to the traffic flow.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a packet flow associated with a click-through from an end user node destined for an advertiser server; extracting information from the packet flow; analyzing the extracted information to determine one or more characteristics of the packet flow; and classifying the packet flow based on the determined one or more characteristics; modifying the packet flow to include classification information to provide classification information indicating a quality level of the click-through. The packet flow may include a hypertext transfer protocol GET request. Modifying the packet flow may include adding a tag with classification information that indicates a likelihood of fraudulent click behavior associated with the packet flow.

Abstract: Reduced power transmission is described. In embodiments, networked devices communicate via a network connection. A characteristic of the network connection between the networked devices can be determined, and an output amplitude of a signal that is indicative of the communications between the network devices can be adjusted based on the characteristic of the network connection. Power consumption that is utilized for the communications between the network devices is reduced based on the adjustment of the output amplitude of the signal.

Abstract: Provided is a method, computer program product, and apparatus for estimating the quality of a call in which a first user terminal will comprise an end point. The method comprises establishing an end-to-end connection between a first user terminal and a node, which end-to-end connection is via an access point of a network by which the first user terminal is connected to the network; displaying information indicative of an expected quality of a call in which the first user terminal will comprise an end point, in dependence on information indicative of the quality of the end-to-end connection; and providing call initiation means for enabling a user to then selectively establish a call between the first user terminal and a callee. Also provided is a method, computer program product, and apparatus for estimating the quality of a call between a first user terminal and a potential callee.

Abstract: There is provided a radio communication apparatus including a detection unit to detect first redundant information indicating redundancy at a physical/MAC layer of radio communication, a communication control unit to determine a second redundancy at an upper layer from the layer based on the first redundant information detected by the detection unit, a packetizing unit to generate a data packet by packetizing transmission data, and a redundant encoding unit to add a redundant packet to the data packet generated by the packetizing unit based on the second redundancy determined by the communication control unit.

Abstract: A radio communication device for executing a communication on the basis of a frequency division duplex, has a first antenna, a second antenna, a first receiver for receiving a first radio frequency signal via the first antenna, a second receiver for receiving the first radio frequency signal via the second antenna, a transmitter for transmitting a second radio frequency signal via the second antenna, a power measuring unit for measuring a first power of a component of the second radio frequency signal in a received signal received via the first antenna, and a control unit for controlling a reactance between the first antenna and the second antenna so as to lower an amount of coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna on the basis of the measured first power.

Abstract: A wireless communication network having received-priority access requests on an access channel issues an implicit reject response on a grant channel, such as a flag or other value embedded in an explicit access grant or explicit access reject response. The implicit reject response applies to some or all outstanding low-priority access requests. At the expiration of a terminal's grant channel monitoring window, if it has detected an applicable implicit reject response but not an explicit response, the terminal will refrain from transmitting another access request for a predetermined or configurable duration. The implicit reject response may comprise a flag, or a value that implicitly rejects only a fraction of the outstanding low-priority access requests. The implicit reject response may comprise a duration that the terminal must wait prior to transmitting another access request, and may direct the terminal to directly monitor the grant channel without transmitting a subsequent access request.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for uplink scheduling in a communication system are provided. The method includes determining whether a User Equipment (UE) is included in an uplink scheduling list, a buffer length of the UE is estimated, if the UE is included in the uplink scheduling list, it is determined whether a Buffer State Report (BSR) indicating the buffer length of the UE has been received from the UE, if the estimated buffer length is 0, and the UE is transitioned to a non-zero BSR reception state and maintained in the uplink scheduling list, if the BSR has not been received from the UE. The non-zero BSR reception state is a state in which a zero BSR indicating the buffer length of the UE is 0 has not been received.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing uplink macro-diversity in packet-switched networks that allows packets and/or portions of packets, e.g., frames, to be selectively sent from an end node, e.g., wireless communication device or mobile terminal, over a set of multiple communication connections, e.g., physical-layer or link-layer connections, to one or more access nodes, e.g., base stations. Uplink macro-diversity is achieved in part through intelligent selective forwarding over multiple communication connections, where the forwarding decision is controlled by the end node based on a variety of factors, e.g., physical-layer channel conditions and/or higher layer policy. The forwarding decision is executed on a rapid timescale, e.g., on a per packet basis, to adapt to the dynamically varying conditions of the set of communication connections.

Abstract: A method and arrangement in a data collection network node (130, 140) for gathering information to be used for identification of at least one primary tracking area associated with a user equipment and a method and arrangement in a core network node (101) for selecting at least one tracking area identity identifying at least one tracking area to be used as at least one primary tracking area for a UE are provided. A tracking area identity is retrieved. Information about usage of a tracking area identified by the retrieved tracking area identity is registered. A measure for the user equipment being located in the tracking area is determined. Said at least one tracking area identity identifying at least one tracking area to be used as a primary tracking area is determined, if the measure exceeds a threshold. A method and an arrangement in a second network node (130) for paging a user equipment are provided.

Abstract: A system and method for configuring a variable Channel Quality Information (CQI) reporting period based on a User Equipment's (UE) Doppler frequency or speed. Mobile users are divided into three Doppler frequency regions based on their speed—for example, low, medium, and high Doppler users—and are assigned the CQI reporting periods accordingly by the base station. The users in the low and high Doppler regions (i.e., UEs with low and high speeds) receive a high value for the CQI reporting period, whereas—the users in the medium Doppler region (i.e., UEs with medium speeds) receive a low value for the CQI reporting period. The UE speed-specific CQI reporting period improves the uplink capacity by adaptively controlling a UE's CQI-related uplink transmissions, without compromising on the downlink capacity/throughput.

Abstract: A method for assisting load scheduling in a wireless communication system comprises computing of an estimate of a noise floor measure for received uplink radio signals and a neighbor cell interference power is estimated. An interference whitening of the received uplink radio signals is performed based on frequency domain equalizing or frequency domain pre-equalizing. A useful signal power after interference whitening is determined and a first user noise floor compensation factor is derived. A noise rise measure is calculated based at least on the useful signal power after interference whitening, the noise floor compensation factor, the noise floor measure and the estimated neighbor cell interference power.

Abstract: A wireless apparatus includes a wireless transceiver, a WLAN controller and a second controller coupled to the wireless transceiver. The WLAN controller is configured to send/receive packets in accordance with a WLAN protocol, and the second controller is configured to send/receive packets in accordance with a second wireless protocol. The apparatus includes scheduling logic that determines whether a WLAN communication will complete before an end of a WLAN active time period. If the scheduling logic determines that the WLAN communication will not complete before the end of the WLAN active time period, the scheduling logic causes the WLAN controller to transmit a WLAN packet that encodes a NAV value that prevents an access point from using the wireless medium until an end of second time period. The second controller is configured to use the wireless medium during the second time period.

Abstract: Apparatus for performing packet classification of data packets belonging to a packet flow through a packet data network. The apparatus comprises an ingress interface for receiving packets of said packet flow, and an active filter for disturbing one or more of said packets or for otherwise disturbing a characteristic of said flow. An egress interface is provided for sending the packets including a disturbance towards a destination. A monitor is also provided for monitoring said packet flow and/or one or more associated packet flows received by the apparatus to detect subsequent reactions in the flow/s to the disturbance, while a flow classifier is provided for attempting to classify the flow into one of a set of defined classes according to a detected reaction.

Abstract: A method, device and system for automatically discovering optical fiber connection within a network element are provided. In the method, a destination board determines whether it is connected with a source single board for the first time according to a triple group message received within a predefined period and sent by the source single board, and if yes, sends a sextuple group message generated based on its triple group message to an ASON, and stores the sextuple group message in a local database; otherwise, it sends the sextuple group message stored in the local database and corresponding to the triple group message, to the ASON when timing is reached; when receiving the sextuple group message and determining that the sextuple group message is not stored locally, the ASON detects validity of a connection corresponding to the sextuple group message, and locally stores the sextuple group message if the connection is valid, otherwise, displays connection error information to a user.