Abstract: A developing roller is provided, which is particularly used in an image forming apparatus of a highly durable design and is free from toner leakage even after formation of a predetermined number of images. Opposite end regions (5a) of an outer peripheral surface (5) of a roller body (2) of the developing roller (1) to be respectively kept in sliding contact with seal members each have a friction coefficient ? of not greater than 0.15.

Abstract: An endless belt member for an image forming apparatus includes an endless belt member body that contains a resin and conductive particles, an inner transparent film, a position detection member that is used to detect the position of the endless belt member body, and an outer transparent film, wherein the position detection member is sealed by the inner and outer transparent films, is provided on a part of an outer peripheral surface of the endless belt member body, and has side surfaces which are substantially perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the endless belt member body, and the inner and outer transparent films are welded to each other at portions, which is adjoining the side surfaces of the position detection member, of the portions that come into direct contact with each other.

Abstract: An image heating apparatus includes a heating rotatable member; a pad-like pressing member contacted to the heating rotatable member and cooperating with the heating rotatable member to provide a nip for nipping and feeding a recording material, wherein the pressing member includes a base material having a roughened surface and a parting layer on the roughened surface, the parting layer being contacted to the heating rotatable member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus receives input of sheet information of a print sheet designated as a print destination of print data by a predetermined information processing apparatus as first sheet information, and stores therein sheet information of a print sheet designated as a print destination in advance by the image forming apparatus as second sheet information. A feed-timing determining unit compares the first sheet information with the second sheet information and determines the feed timing of a print sheet contained in a feed tray in accordance with the comparison result.

Abstract: Techniques to support multihop relay in a wireless communication system are described. In an aspect, a relay station receives data and a first pilot from an upstream station, e.g., a base station or another relay station. The relay station derives a channel estimate based on the first pilot and performs detection for the data based on the channel estimate. The relay station resends the data and sends a second pilot to a downstream station, e.g., a subscriber station or another relay station. Each pilot may be sent in accordance with a pilot format selected for that pilot. The first and second pilots may be sent using the same or different pilot formats. The relay station may receive channel information from the second station and may forward the channel information to the first station and/or select a rate for data transmission to the second station based on the channel information.

Abstract: First radio signals are received by a first satellite, the received first radio signals including a desired satellite uplink signal transmitted from a first source using a frequency assigned to the first source and an interfering signal transmitted from a second source using the frequency assigned to the first source. The first radio signals are combined based on a first performance criterion to generate a first output signal. Second radio signals are received by a second satellite, the received second radio signals including a measure of the desired signal. The second radio signals are combined based on a second performance criterion to produce a second output signal. The first and second output signals are combined to generate an estimate of the desired satellite uplink signal.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing satellite network utilization is disclosed. The method includes delivering a message to a communication device in the satellite network where a confirmation is received from a satellite network gateway that a message is intended for the communication device, scheduling a notification for the communication device at a scheduled time, and at the scheduled time, instructing the satellite network gateway to send the notification to the communication device. The notification causes the communication device to request the message from the network gateway upon receipt of the notification by the communication device. Scheduling may be coordinated within an alert window time period of the communication device when it is listening for notifications. The start time of the alert window time period may be provided by an application gateway, that along with the communication device, receive network time data to remain synchronized.

Abstract: A communication system is provided that allows the use of low-cost, low-power remote terminal units that communicate substantially asynchronously and independently to a base station. To minimize cost and complexity, the remote terminal units are configured similarly, including the use of substantially identical transmission schemes, such as a common Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) code. To minimize collisions among transmissions, the communication system is designed to use a high-gain antenna with a limited field of view, to limit the number of cotemporaneous, or overlapping transmissions that are received at the base station. To cover a wide area, the limited field of view is swept across the area of coverage. To overcome potential losses caused by collisions, the remote terminal units are configured to repeat transmissions; to minimize repeated collisions, the repeat interval and/or duration is randomized.

Abstract: A portable wireless through-the-earth bi-directional communication system for sending and receiving text data using ultra-low-frequency electric current and the earth as the conductive media. A surface controller which executes application software which controls the communication functions of the system. A surface receiver and surface transmitter are connected to sets of electrodes which provide the electric current, and are in communication with the surface controller. Text data are encoded into data packets, modulated onto ultra-low-frequency electric carrier waves, and transmitted through the earth by the surface electrodes to a subsurface transceiver. The subsurface transceiver demodulates, converts and displays incoming signals into text messages. The subsurface transceiver has a user interface to allow subsurface users to submit text data to the surface receiver.

Abstract: A near-field communication (NFC) system may include a plurality of spaced-apart NFC sensors and at least one mobile wireless communications device. The at least one mobile wireless communications device may include a portable housing, an NFC circuit carried by the portable housing and configured to establish NFC communications with the NFC sensors when moved in close proximity therewith, and a controller carried by the portable housing and coupled to the NFC circuit. The controller may be configured to perform different mobile device operations based upon a timing and sequence in which the NFC sensors are communicated with.

Abstract: A communications device is disclosed that includes a united integrated circuit card (UICC) that provides a single wire protocol (SWP) current signal to a near field communications (NFC) device. The SWP current signal is filtered by a filter to remove noise from the SWP current signal. The filter is precharged by a reference voltage when the SWP current signal is in a low state and then filters the SWP current signal when the SWP current signal is in a high state. A switching network provides the filter with the reference voltage to precharge when the SWP is current signal is in the low state and then provides the filter with the SWP current signal to filter when the SWP current signal is in the high state.

Abstract: The invention is a method of managing a NFC transaction between two hosts and a reader device. The two hosts are embedded in NFC devices and are intended to be identified by the reader device during an anti-collision phase through a first identifier and a second identifier respectively. The first identifier comprises a variable part. The method includes the steps of generating the first identifier, the variable part of the first identifier and the second identifier comprising a common pattern, looking for a common pattern into the first and second identifiers on the reader device side, and if a common pattern is found and if the variable part of the first identifier comprises said common pattern, concluding that the first and second hosts are embedded in a unique NFC device.

Abstract: A method and mobile terminal for enhanced contactless communication are discussed. According to an embodiment, the invention provides a mobile terminal comprising: a plurality of antennas designated for a contactless reception/transmission of signals from/to an external device, each of the plurality of antennas configured to receive a signal provided from the external device; and a contactless module operatively coupled to the plurality of antennas, and including a controller, the controller configured to check a strength of the signal received from each of the plurality of antennas, to select one of the plurality of antennas based on the checked result, and to receive the signal continuously or a new signal using the selected antenna.

Abstract: Communication stations in a network each transmit a beacon signal that includes network information. The beacon signal sets a state in which a reception operation is performed, before and after the transmission of the beacon signal. The reception operation occurs during access control, so as to avoid collision with communication timings of packets from another communication station, by detecting signals transmitted from other communication stations. States set in the communication stations are transitioned between a transmission state and a reception state based on a fluctuating volume of transmission and reception data. Data accumulations at transmitting communication stations and delays at receiving communication stations are reduced, and low latency data transfer is achieved using minimal levels of transmission and reception operations.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a wireless transceiver, a processor coupled with the wireless transceiver, and a near-field communication (NFC) device coupled with the processor. The NFC device may include an NFC controller, an NFC transceiver coupled with the NFC controller, and a first memory coupled with the NFC controller. The first memory may be configured to store at least one first application. The mobile wireless communications device may also include a second memory coupled to the processor and configured to store at least one second application. The processor may be configured to disable the NFC transceiver based upon a security condition, disable access to the at least one first application, erase the at least one second application, perform reset operation, and erase the at least one application from the first memory after the reset operation.

Abstract: Communications methods, methods of forming a reader, wireless communications readers, and wireless communications systems are described in some embodiments. In one embodiment, a communications method includes associating a plurality of remote communications devices with a plurality of objects located within a wireless communications range of a reader having a first configuration, providing one of the remote communications device within a wireless communications range of a reader having a second configuration, wherein the wireless communications range of the reader having the second configuration is less than the wireless communications range of the reader having the first configuration, and during the presence of the one of the remote communications devices within the wireless communications range of the reader having the second configuration, implementing communications between the reader having the second configuration and only the one of the remote communications devices.

Abstract: A multi-hop relay wireless communication system is provided. A base station (BS) includes a communication unit for receiving information on a received signal level and information on an interference node from mobile stations (MSs), and a scheduler for classifying a type of each MS by using the received signal level information and the interference node information and for performing differentiated scheduling according to the MS type.

Abstract: A system and method for enabling coordinated beam switching scheduling and switching is provided. A method for controller operation includes selecting beams for transmission in a beam cycle pattern, transmitting the selected beams in the beam cycle pattern, scheduling a subset of the plurality of communications nodes based on received transmissions for the subset of communications nodes and channel information reports from the plurality of communications nodes, and transmitting the received transmissions to the scheduled subset of the plurality of communications nodes. The selecting is based on measurements of received signal power to noise made by a plurality of communications nodes, and the channel information reports are based on measurements of received signal power plus received interference power to noise made by each of the plurality of communications nodes.

Abstract: A signal quality metric is determined for each of multiple signal paths. Each of the signal paths corresponds to a respective antenna. The determined signal quality metric is modified for one or more signal paths. A subset of the signal paths is selected for receiving a signal based at least in part on the determined signal quality metrics. The selecting is biased based at least in part on the modified signal quality metrics.

Abstract: A method for communication includes receiving at a receiver from a group of two or more transmitters multiple Radio Frequency (RF) transmission beams that alternate in time and space and include at least first and second transmission beams. The method identifies that the first transmission beam causes interference to reception of the second transmission beam. Feedback is sent from the receiver to one or more of the transmitters, so as to cause the transmitters to attenuate the first transmission beam during transmission of the second transmission beam.

Abstract: Methods and devices for phase shifting an RF signal for a base station antenna are provided. The device includes a transmission line that has a stationary ground plane coupled to the top of a substrate and a signal line on the bottom of the substrate. The signal line has an input port and an output port. The input port receives the RF signal with a certain phase and travels across the bottom of the substrate to the output port. The RF signal has a different phase at the output port because defected ground structures etched on the stationary ground plane shift the phase of the RF signal. In addition, the device includes a movable ground plane that may cover a portion of the defected ground structures, the substrate, and the stationary ground plane such that the moveable ground plane further adjusts the phase of the RF signal.

Abstract: A WRAN discriminates between authentic incumbent and spurious/malicious signals by collaboratively sensing the frequency environment, classifying and fusing the sensed results, and categorizing each signal as valid or invalid. Embodiments categorize signals according to reports from at least two nodes, thereby increasing detection confidence and resisting denial-of-service attacks. A “voting-rule” can be applied whereby a signal is authentic only if it is detected by a specified percentage of the nodes. Some embodiments categorized signals by comparing sensed analog signal properties, such as amplitude, bandwidth, pulse width, mean, variance, modulation, standard deviation, moments, cumulants, and rise and fall times, with properties of known incumbents and/or known incumbent types.

Abstract: A device (110) receives consecutive negative acknowledgments (NACKs) (540), measures a downlink channel quality (530) associated with the device (110), and triggers autonomous retransmission (430) when power is limited in the device (110), when the device (110) is using a minimum usable enhanced dedicated channel (E-DCH) transport format combination (ETFC), and when one of a number of consecutive NACKs (540) is greater than a predefined number, or the measured downlink channel quality (530) is less than a predefined threshold.

Abstract: Implementations and techniques for measuring quality of experience associated with a mobile device are generally disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless communication terminal that allows a wireless communication connection to be disconnected even when an application program that requires continuation of the communication connection is being executed. The wireless communication terminal transmits data to a communication target in response to a transmission processing request from an application execution section for executing the application program.

Abstract: A system and method for improving radio performance through automatic channel selection utilizing a closed-channel model is disclosed. A measurement engine records maximum user throughput on a per station basis during normal traffic operation. The measurement engine further records throughput metrics based on test traffic sent to all associated stations during idle operation. A policy logic engine utilizes the measurements to determine an optimal transmission channel for transmission and receipt of data.

Abstract: A front end module for use with a first and a second radio frequency transceiver, constituted of: a control circuitry; a first antenna connection port; a second antenna connection port; a filter arranged to substantially attenuate the carrier frequency bandwidth of the second radio frequency transceiver; and a plurality of electronically controlled switches, wherein the control circuitry is arranged to: in the event that the first and second radio frequency transceivers are simultaneously operative, set the plurality of electronically controlled switches to connect the first radio frequency transceiver to one of the first and second antenna connection ports via the filter; and in the event that the first and second radio frequency transceivers are not simultaneously operative, set the plurality of electronically controlled switches to bypass the filter and connect the first radio frequency transceiver to one of the first and second antenna connection ports.

Abstract: A method of discovering connection specific settings from a mobile unit for a telecommunications connection at a navigation device is disclosed herein. In one example embodiment, the method may include establishing a wireless connection between the mobile unit and the navigation device to retrieve preliminary information from the mobile device, querying of a plurality of entries in a database within the navigation device based on the preliminary information, attempting to establish the telecommunications connection using the queried entries, and storing the entry resulting in a successful establishment of the telecommunications connection as the connection specific settings for the mobile unit.

Abstract: A phase correction apparatus in a wireless transmitter includes a modulator configured to modulate an in-phase component and a quadrature component of a first signal by a first carrier wave signal, a demodulator configured to demodulate a returned signal by a second carrier wave signal and generate a second signal that includes an in-phase component and a quadrature component, a phase detector configured to binarize the in-phase components and the quadrature components of the first and second signals according to signal levels, and detect a phase error between the first signal and the second signal based on combinations of the binarized signal components in the first signal and the second signal, and a phase shifter configured to phase-shift the first signal, the second signal, the first carrier wave signal, or the second carrier wave signal, based on the phase error.

Abstract: Methods and systems for level detector calibration are disclosed and may comprise calibrating a level detector integrated on-chip to eliminate an associated zero input offset voltage utilizing a replica bias circuit with no input ac voltage at the level detector or the replica bias circuit. The offset voltages of the level detector and the replica bias circuit may be combined to eliminate the associated zero input offset voltage of the level detector. The output signal may be generated by a difference of output signals from the level detector and the replica bias circuit. The level detector and the replica bias circuit may be biased utilizing a similar bias voltage. A plurality of known input voltages may be utilized to generate a corresponding plurality of output voltages of the level detector, generating a corrected transfer function that may be used to accurately set a transmitter power level.

Abstract: A power efficient, small-packaged radio frequency (RF) transmitter for use in avionics applications. The RF transmitter utilizes Cartesian feedback to operate a power amplifier with Class AB biasing and efficiency, while delivering Class A biasing performance. The RF transmitter includes interstage pads and high pass filters specially configured to meet demanding requirements for both adjacent channel power (ACP) limits and wideband spurious energy limits. The RF transmitter is much smaller in size and dissipates less DC power and heat than previous RF transmitters used in avionics applications.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power amplifier apparatus including: an amplifier amplifying an input modulated signal; a control signal generator receiving an amplitude component of the input modulated signal and generating a control signal; and a power combiner performing ON/OFF control of a switching element based on the control signal to control conduction and non-conduction of a current supplied from a second power supply. In the power combiner, a power of a pulsed form when the current from the second power supply is conductive is transferred in a direction of a first power supply, using a transformer. A difference power obtained by subtracting a constant value from a first power supply voltage when the amplitude of the input modulated signal is smaller than that of a reference signal is supplied from the power combiner to the amplifier, as a power supply thereof (FIG. 1).

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for modulating a radio frequency (RF) carrier signal with a baseband input signal and amplifying the modulated RF carrier signal to provide an amplified RF signal. A quadrature combiner is configured to provide the amplified RF signal at an associated output port. A main amplifier is configured to receive a first modulated RF signal and provide a main output to one of a through port and a coupled port of the quadrature combiner. An auxiliary amplifier is configured to receive a second modulated RF signal and provide an auxiliary output to an isolation port of the quadrature combiner.

Abstract: A multimode communication device with a shared signal path programmable filter and a method for utilizing a shared signal path programmable filter in a multimode communication device. Various aspects of the present invention comprise a first module adapted to receive a first communication signal (e.g., corresponding to a first communication protocol) and a second module adapted to receive a second communication signal (e.g., corresponding to a second communication protocol). A shared filter, communicatively coupled to the first and second modules, may be adapted to filter the first and/or second communication signals in accordance with a plurality of selectable sets of filter response characteristics (e.g., associated with the first and second communication protocols). A filter control module may be adapted to select a set of filter response characteristics from a plurality of such sets and program the shared filter to filter a communication signal in accordance with the selected set.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining a reference sequence and timing based on normalized correlations are described. One example method generally includes receiving, at a first antenna of an apparatus, a first signal comprising a reference sequence; receiving, at a second antenna of the apparatus, a second signal comprising the same reference sequence; sampling the first and second signals to form first and second signal sequences; correlating the first and second signal sequences with each of one or more candidate sequences for the reference sequence using normalization; and determining the reference sequence and timing for the first and second signals based on the normalized correlations.

Abstract: Provided are a receiver and a method of estimating signal to noise power ratio. The receiver estimates a signal-to-noise power ratio, according to an average value of a signal power and an average value of a noise power of a reference signal mapped to the received signal, estimates signal-to-noise power ratio by means of EESM operation according to each signal-to-noise power ratio of the reference signal, makes a judgment on a magnitude of either the signal-to-noise power ratio appointed according to the average values or the signal-to-noise power ratio estimated by means of the EESM operation, and outputs one of the signal-to-noise power ratio appointed according to the average values and the signal-to-noise power ratio estimated by means of the EESM operation, as a reception quality SNR, in response to the judgment result.

Abstract: A circuit includes, in part, a receiver, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI), and an oscillator. The receiver receives an incoming signal and an oscillating signal. The RSSI is responsive to the receiver and generates an output signal representative of the strength of the incoming signal. The oscillator receives different biasing conditions in response to different outputs of the RSSI. The oscillator generates the oscillating signal received by the receiver. The oscillator receives a first biasing condition when the incoming signal is detected as having a strength lower than or equal to a predetermined threshold value and a second biasing condition when the incoming signal is detected as having a strength higher than the predetermined threshold value. The first biasing condition may be defined by a first current, and the second biasing condition may be defined by a sum of the first current and a second current.

Abstract: A digital delta sigma modulator includes an input integration stage, a resonating stage, a quantizer, and a plurality of feedback paths operably coupled to the quantizer, the input integration stage, and the resonating stage. The input integration stage is operably coupled to integrate a digital input signal to produce an integrated digital signal, wherein the input integration stage has a pole at substantially zero Hertz. The resonating stage is operably coupled to resonate the integrated digital signal to produce a resonating digital signal, wherein the resonating stage has poles at a frequency above zero Hertz. The quantizer stage is operably coupled to produce a quantized signal from the resonating digital signal.

Abstract: An imbalance compensator includes a phase/filter mismatch correction circuit and a gain mismatch correction circuit. The phase/filter mismatch correction circuit includes an adjustable filter and a processing unit. The adjustable filter is arranged for adjusting a filter coefficient setting according to a first input signal of a first signal branch and a second input signal of a second signal branch, and generating a first compensated signal to the first signal branch according to the filter coefficient setting and the first input signal. The processing unit is arranged for processing the second input signal according to the first compensated signal and generating a second compensated signal to the second signal branch. The gain mismatch correction circuit is arranged for referring to the first and second compensated signals to configure gain compensation, and applying the configured gain compensation to one of the first and second compensated signals.

Abstract: A high quality factor frequency translated bandpass filter (FTBPF) with harmonic rejection includes multiple transconductance cells configured to convert a received radio frequency (RF) voltage signal into respective RF current signals. Each of the transconductance cells are weighted such that the FTBPF has an effective transconductance of a first magnitude for frequency components of the received RF voltage signal arising from a first harmonic and an effective transconductance of a second magnitude less than the first magnitude for frequency components of the received RF voltage signal arising from harmonics at integer multiples of the first harmonic. The FTBPF also includes multiple frequency conversion cells coupled to the transconductance cells and configured to mix respective ones of the RF current signals with multiple non-overlapping local oscillator signals.

Abstract: A direct sampling tuner includes a low noise amplifier and an optional dynamically configurable band pass filter coupled to the low noise amplifier. The optional filter is configured to pass a selected band of channels. The tuner further includes a relatively high accuracy, multi-bit analog-to-digital converter (“ADC”) coupled to the LNA or to the optional dynamically configurable band pass filter. The ADC operates at greater than about twice a frequency of a sampled signal. The ADC directly samples the spectrum of the selected channels at the Nyquist rate, thus avoiding image problems presented by conventional tuners.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatuses, systems and methods relating to a mixer having high second- and third-order intercept points are disclosed. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A radio communication system having functions of replying status information and remote control, includes a console and a plurality of radio terminals, wherein each of the radio terminal is capable of transmitting corresponding Ack message about an operation status thereof to the console over a mobile communication system, if the operation status is changed. After receiving the Ack message, the console automatically or manually transmits corresponding message or a control command to the radio terminal to change the operation status of the radio terminal. Furthermore, when transmitting dispatch message, the console is capable of storing the dispatch message simultaneously in a server so as to allow the radio terminal to access the server and retrieve the stored dispatch message.

Abstract: The present invention provides a warning message transmission method and apparatus after the warning message transmission procedure is completed. The method comprises: after sending a WRITE-REPLACE WARNING REQUEST message to an eNB and receiving a WRITE-REPLACE WARNING RESPONSE message corresponding to the WRITE-REPLACE WARNING REQUEST message and returned by the eNB, a mobility management entity (MME) determining areas where warning broadcast fails based on the WRITE-REPLACE WARNING RESPONSE message corresponding to the WRITE-REPLACE WARNING REQUEST message and returned by the eNB, and then controlling the eNB to resend a warning message to the areas where warning broadcast fails. The present invention can ensure that disastrous information associated with the ETWS can be timely and effectively notified to all users in areas where broadcast fails so as send an escape or precaution warning to them to further minimize huge losses of human life and property when the disaster comes.

Abstract: The invention relates to communication networks, specifically to service provisioning and authorization of service usage in different networks. The invention provides a method and a system for authorizing services for visiting subscribers and for obtaining the necessary charging profile information from the subscribers' home networks on a per-service basis.

Abstract: The signaling interface between a wireless network message center and a prepaid control platform is enhanced by addition of one or more parameters useful in supporting special accounting treatments for user message communications through a wireless network, for example, a ConnectedAddressList, an ExceptionIndicator and/or a PolicyOverrideIndicator. The ConnectedAddressList and PolicyOverrideIndicator can be used to allow a prepaid wireless service provider to offer a wide variety of free or specially priced messaging buckets to its subscribers (or to a select group of its subscribers). User messages may be delivered for free, for example, if they are going to or coming from other customers of the service provider. The ExceptionIndicator can be used to block application of such buckets, e.g. to enable premium pricing, for international delivery or the like.

Abstract: A method of enhancing security in a wireless mesh communication network operating in a process control environment and including a plurality of wireless network devices includes processing a join request from a wireless device wishing to join the wireless mesh communication network, providing a limited network functionality to the wireless device if the join request is granted, requesting a complete approval of the wireless device; and granting a full network functionality to the wireless device if the complete approval of the wireless device is received.

Abstract: A system and method for communication between a number of mobile devices. Wireless connectivity is established between the number of mobile devices and a mobile access point to form a mobile network. Information is exchanged between the number of mobile devices via the wireless connectivity between the number of mobile devices and the mobile access point. Wireless connectivity also may be established between the mobile access point and a number of other mobile networks to form a mesh of mobile networks. Information may be exchanged between the number of mobile devices and the number of other mobile networks via the wireless connectivity between the number of mobile devices and the mobile access point.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus are presented for processing a remote lock command message. In one aspect, a method includes receiving, by a mobile device, a remote lock command message comprising a lock command and specifying a passcode to be set by the mobile device, locking the mobile device in response to the received remote lock command message, setting an unlock passcode associated with the mobile device to the specified passcode, and generating an acknowledgement message in response to the remote lock command message. Further, receiving the remote lock command message can include accessing a subscribed topic hosted on a notification service, the subscribed topic being associated with a lock command, and retrieving the remote lock command message from the subscribed topic. Additionally, locking the mobile device can include locking a display such that access to information stored on the mobile device and device functionality are blocked.

Abstract: A method of enhancing security in a wireless mesh communication network operating in a process control environment and including a plurality of wireless network devices includes processing a join request from a wireless device wishing to join the wireless mesh communication network, providing a limited network functionality to the wireless device if the join request is granted, requesting a complete approval of the wireless device; and granting a full network functionality to the wireless device if the complete approval of the wireless device is received.