Abstract: This invention resides in corrosion control of electrical cables associated with cathodic protection systems. In the preferred embodiment the cable is in the form of passive metals chosen for electrolysis-corrosion-resistance, including titanium, tantalum, niobium, zirconium, nickel, or alloys thereof. Small diameters may be used to make the cable flexible. The wires may be bare or enclosed insulator materials for easy handling. The invention which is applicable to the “impressed current” and “sacrificial anode” methods, is particularly advantageous in situations where the cable/structure is embedded deep in soil or concrete, and cannot be easily repaired or replaced if any damage occurs.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and systems for depositing copper and other metals are provided. In some implementations, a wafer substrate is provided to an apparatus. The wafer substrate has a surface with field regions and a feature. A copper layer is plated onto the surface of the wafer substrate. The copper layer is annealed to redistribute copper from regions of the wafer substrate to the feature. Implementations of the disclosed methods, apparatus, and systems allow for void-free bottom-up fill of features in a wafer substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to CIGS solar cell fabrication. The invention discloses a method for fabricating CIGS thin film solar cells using a roll-to-roll apparatus. The invention discloses method to fabricate semiconductor thin film Cu(InGa)(SeS)2 by sequentially electroplating a stack of multiple precursor layers comprising of copper, indium, gallium, and selenium elements or their alloys followed by selenization at a temperature between 450° C. and 700° C.

Abstract: The invention provides: an ion beam generator and an ion beam plasma processing apparatus including a movable member (for example, a plug) which is capable of reducing formation of an adhering film on a sidewall of the member even when an electrode included in a grid assembly is sputtered. The ion beam generator of an aspect of the invention includes: a grid assembly provided opposed to an upper wall; a plug movable in a first direction from the upper wall toward the grid assembly and in a second direction from the grid assembly toward the upper wall; and a shield configured to shield a sidewall of the plug.

Abstract: The present invention is a plasma generation source and a thing that is in its application and it is for getting high quality thin film by generating even high density plasma in high vacuum and like this plasma generation source applying like this plasma generation source to sputtering system, neutral particle beam source, thin film deposition system combining sputtering system and neutral particle beam source. According to the present invention, it generates plasma by using microwave through the microwave irradiating equipment and magnetic field by more than one pair of the belt type magnets and above goal can be accomplished maximizing plasma confinement effect by inducing electron returning trajectory in accordance with above continuous structure on belt type magnet.

Abstract: In a method of forming a cylindrical sputter target assembly, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a cylindrical backing tube; (b) providing a cylindrical sputter target, the inner diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter of the backing tube; (c) arranging the sputter target about the backing tube; and (d) bonding the sputter target to the backing tube by providing a solder layer between the backing tube and the sputter target; In accordance with the invention step (d) comprises directionally solidifying the solder layer.

Abstract: High-purity erbium having a purity of 5N or higher excluding rare earth elements and gas components, and containing Al, Fe, Cu, and Ta each in an amount of 1 wtppm or less, W in an amount of 10 wtppm or less, carbon in an amount of 150 wtppm or less, alkali metals and alkali earth metals each in an amount of 1 wtppm or less, other transition metal elements in a total amount of 10 wtppm or less, and U and Th as radioactive elements each in an amount of 10 wtppb or less. An object of this invention is to provide a method of highly purifying erbium, which has a high vapor pressure and is difficult to refine in a molten state, as well as technology for efficiently and stably providing high-purity erbium obtained with the foregoing method, a sputtering target made of high-purity erbium, and a metal gate film having high-purity erbium as a main component thereof.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus as well as a method for polishing, observing, and additionally polishing a sample in a vacuum with a charged particle beam apparatus furnished with no other apparatus. The charged particle beam apparatus has a vacuum chamber equipped with a liquid bath containing an ion liquid and a supersonic vibration means. With the ion liquid kept in contact with a polishing target area of the sample, supersonic vibration is propagated in the ion liquid to polish the sample. Because the charged particle beam apparatus permits polishing, observation, and additional polishing of the sample in a vacuum without being furnished with any additional apparatus, throughput is improved and the effects of the atmosphere on the sample are prevented.

Abstract: An electrochemical biosensor strip is disclosed in the present invention. The electrochemical biosensor strip includes a substrate, an electrode system and a test reagent. The electrode system is disposed on the substrate and is composed of a hydrophilic carbon layer. The test reagent is laid on the substrate and in contact with a portion of the hydrophilic carbon layer. In such a manner, the test reagent can contact the carbon layer without interference, and the dissolved test reagent, the analyte-containing fluid and the product of the interaction of the test reagent and the analyte, while in use, can spread on the hydrophilic carbon layer spontaneously and uniformly, which makes contribution to a better detection performance.

Abstract: Provided are a method of fabricating a photonic crystal having a desired photonic bandgap, and a method of fabricating a color filter, including providing a photonic crystal solution in which a plurality of colloidal particles that are electrically charged are dispersed, mixing a photopolymerizable monomer mixture in the photonic crystal solution to form a photopolymerizable monomer-crystal mixture, applying an electric field to the photopolymerizable monomer-crystal mixture to electrically control intervals between the plurality of colloidal particles, and irradiating ultraviolet light to the photopolymerizable monomer-crystal mixture to photopolymerize the monomer mixture to form the photonic crystal or the color filter.

Abstract: A microfluidic optoelectronic tweezers (OET) device can comprise dielectrophoresis (DEP) electrodes that can be activated and deactivated by controlling a beam of light directed onto photosensitive elements that are disposed in locations that are spaced apart from the DEP electrodes. The photosensitive elements can be photodiodes, which can switch the switch mechanisms that connect the DEP electrodes to a power electrode between an off state and an on state.

Abstract: A graphene screening and separation method comprises the following steps. At least one pair of electrodes and an energy barrier layer is provided, wherein the pair of electrodes is a first electrode and a second electrode, and the energy barrier layer is formed on the first electrode. The pair of electrodes and the energy barrier layer are covered with a graphene suspension. When a graphene sheet in the graphene suspension materially couples the second electrode and the energy barrier layer and is located above the first electrode, a bias voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode of the pair of electrodes is changed and a corresponding tunneling current is measured. Screening and separation are performed by using differential conductance (i.e., the derivative of the tunneling current with respect to the bias voltage) of different layers of graphene.

Abstract: A molecule trapping method includes forming a fluid bridge between a first reservoir and a second reservoir, translocating a molecule from the first reservoir to the second reservoir through the fluid bridge, detecting when a segment of the molecule is in the fluid bridge, breaking the fluid bridge and forming an a gap between the first and the second reservoirs, thereby trapping a segment of the molecule in the gap and making measurements on the segment of the molecule.

Abstract: A particle manipulation system and a projection device are provided. The projection device includes an image source and a projection lens. The image source provides an image beam. The projection lens is disposed on a light path of the image beam and includes a zoom lens set and a focusing lens set. The zoom lens set is disposed on the light path of the image beam from the image source and includes at least two lens groups disposed in sequence on the light path of the image beam. The focusing lens set is disposed on the light path of the image beam. The zoom lens set is disposed between the image source and the focusing lens set. A photoconductor chip is disposed on the light path of the image beam from the projection lens.

Abstract: A position locator for use in dental restorative procedure is described. The position locator is inserted into a replica of a dental implant or into a replica of an abutment. The position and orientation of the implant replica is determined by scanning the model with the implant replica and the position locator. Alternatively, the position locator can be inserted into the dental implant and scanning is carried out in the mouth of the patient. The position locator is made of an optically opaque material, such as titanium, and has an outer surface detectable by an optical scanner, e.g. with a layer of porous titanium oxide applied through anodic oxidation.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electrodeposition paint composition and a method of forming an electrodeposited coating, which exhibit quality of coating deposition even in the interior of narrow spaces of objects subjected to painting. A solution of the object is cationic electrodeposition paint composition in which in an aqueous medium contained are a cationic epoxy resin, a blocked isocyanate curing agent, a hydrophobic agent wherein an SP value of the hydrophobic agent (C) is 10.2 or more and less than 10.6 and is lower by 0.6 to 1.0 than an SP value of the cationic epoxy resin, a viscosity modifier, and a neutralizing acid, and in which coulombic efficiency of the cationic electrodeposition paint composition is 2.0 to 2.5 mg/(?m·C). A voltage boost rate of the voltage in painting is 30 to 70V/10 seconds.

Abstract: A pyrophosphate-containing bath for the cyanide-free deposition of copper alloys on substrate surfaces, comprising a reaction product of a secondary monoamine with a diglycidyl ether, is described. The electrolyte bath is suitable for the galvanic deposition of glossy white, even and uniform copper-tin alloy coatings.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for electrolyzing a source liquid in an electrolytic device. The electrolytic device includes a first cathode in a cathode chamber; and an anode and a second, auxiliary cathode in an anode chamber. The anode chamber and cathode chamber are separated by a barrier, and the anode and the auxiliary cathode are separated by a gap that lacks a barrier. While electrolyzing the source liquid with the electrolytic device, a level of current applied to the auxiliary cathode is adjusted in response to pH of an anolyte liquid produced from the source liquid by the anode chamber to maintain the pH within a desired range.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for a low maintenance, high reliability on-site electrolytic generator incorporating automatic cell monitoring for contaminant film buildup, as well as automatically removing or cleaning the contaminant film. This method and apparatus preferably does not require human intervention to clean. For high current density cells, cleaning is preferably performed by reversing the polarity of the electrodes and applying a lower current density to the electrodes, preferably by adjusting the salinity or brine concentration of the electrolyte while keeping the voltage constant. Electrolyte flow preferably comprises water and brine flows which are preferably separately monitored and automatically adjusted. For bipolar cells, flow between modules arranged in parallel is preferably approximately equally distributed between modules and between intermediate electrodes within each module.

Abstract: The present disclosure is a system and method for producing a first product from a first region of an electrochemical cell having a cathode and a second product from a second region of the electrochemical cell having an anode. The method may include a step of contacting the first region with a catholyte comprising carbon dioxide. The method may include another step of contacting the second region with an anolyte comprising a recycled reactant. The method may include a step of applying an electrical potential between the anode and the cathode sufficient to produce a first product recoverable from the first region and a second product recoverable from the second region. The second product may be removed from the second region and introduced to a secondary reactor. The method may include forming the recycled reactant in the secondary reactor.

Abstract: A method for producing organic liquid fuels and other valuable products in which an organic compound is provided to an anode electrode having a metal oxide catalyst disposed on an anode side of an electrolyte membrane, thereby producing an organic liquid fuel and/or other valuable organic product and electrons on the anode side. The electrons are conducted to a cathode electrode disposed on a cathode side of the electrolyte membrane, thereby transforming water provided to the cathode side to H2 gas and hydroxide ions. The method is carried out at a temperature less than or equal to about 160° C., preferably at room temperature.

Abstract: A method for producing methanol from methane in which methane is provided to an anode electrode having a metal oxide catalyst disposed on an anode side of an electrolyte membrane, thereby producing methanol and electrons on the anode side. The electrons are conducted to a cathode electrode disposed on a cathode side of the electrolyte membrane, thereby transforming water provided to the cathode side to H2 gas and hydroxide ions. The method is carried out at a temperature less than or equal to about 160° C., preferably at room temperature.

Abstract: An electrochemical test sensor for detecting the analyte concentration of a fluid test sample includes a base, a dielectric layer, a reagent layer and a lid. The base provides a flow path for the test sample having on its surface a counter electrode and a working electrode adapted to electrically communicate with a detector of electrical current. The dielectric layer forms a dielectric window therethrough. The reagent layer includes an enzyme that is adapted to react with the analyte. The lid is adapted to mate with the base and to assist in forming a capillary space with an opening for the introduction of the test sample thereto. At least a portion of the width of the counter electrode is greater than the width of the working electrode.

Abstract: An electrode chip for detecting a biomolecule includes a substrate; and an electrode that includes an electrode substrate, at least one of a metallic salt or a metallic oxide provided on an outermost surface on an opposite side of the electrode substrate from a side provided with the substrate, and a biomolecular probe-immobilizing material which is provided on the outermost surface and to which a biomolecular probe is fixed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for multiple analyte analysis are provided. In one embodiment, a method includes determining concentrations of first and second analytes in a sample. The first and second analytes may be, for example, glucose and hydroxybutyrate. In this form, an indication related to the measured concentration of hydroxybutyrate is provided in response to determining that the concentration of hydroxybutyrate is above a predetermined value. In a further aspect of this form, a quantitative indication representative of the measured glucose concentration is automatically provided regardless of the value of the measured glucose concentration. In another embodiment, a system includes a meter configured to interact with a test element to assess first and second analytes in a sample. Further embodiments, forms, objects, features, advantages, aspects, and benefits shall become apparent from the description and drawings.

Abstract: To obtain adsorbent (10), meltable core which melts away during baking and binder are added to powdery activated carbon having microscopic pore whose size is less than 100 nm together with water and mixed together, then this mixture is molded into hollow cylindrical shape whose outside diameter is 4˜6 mm and baked. Although macroscopic pore whose side is 100 nm or more is formed by the meltable core, proportion of volume of the macroscopic pore to volume of the microscopic pore is adjusted to 65%˜150%. The adsorbent (10) has shape in cross section formed from cylindrical wall (10A) and cross-shaped radial wall (10B), and thickness of each part is within a range of 0.6˜3 mm. The adsorbent (10) of the present invention can satisfy adsorbing/desorbing performance of fuel vapor, flow resistance as a canister and strength of the adsorbent at the same time.

Abstract: The invention is a compact type 3 explosive storage magazine. It has an approximate external measure of 4.75? wide, 7.87? long and 8.69? high. This design is one quarter the size of the nearest comparable type 3 magazine and has an integrated locking mechanism rather than a hinged hasp locking mechanism which is unique among type 3 magazines. The hinged hasp represents the easiest access point for theft and most likely security component to fail.

Abstract: A molded ammunition carrying device including a plurality of independently expandable “C” profile cradles. The cradles are adapted to wrap compressively in partial circumferential relation about a shell body or other large diameter ammunition to provide support despite variations in individual ammunition dimensions. The carrying device may be adapted for attachment to other structures including belts, webbing, quick reload devices, or other structures used by a shooter in the field.

Abstract: A body to support a handheld electronic device and at least one arm coupled to the body. The at least one arm include at least one radius value that is based on a thenar measurement.

Abstract: Apparatus for housing a GPS device to locate children compromising of a male and female end locking device with adjustable sizing, titanium cable band, titanium housing device, and specialized key for locking mechanism. The housing device will be locked around the child's wrist or ankle and can only be opened with a specialized key provided. Its intention is to house a small GPS locating device within the housing area.

Abstract: A method and a container for secure enclosing and secure transport of an accumulator, in particular a lithium ion accumulator, includes a cover, a base plate and a rail.

Abstract: The present invention is a home size bath or hand soap bar made of an inert core having the approximate same specific gravity as soap, said core being covered or coated with soap by spraying, molding, pressing, laminating or dipping. Also disclosed is a home size bath or hand soap bar having as its inert core a container of any size, shape or configuration for holding a variety of personal care products.

Abstract: A kit for adapting an empty receptacle having an open top, a bottom and a lateral wall to use as a plaything. The kit comprises at least one wall covering member an inner side sized and shaped to encircle the lateral wall and an outer side having at least one playacting related mark thereon, at least one safety catch member adapted to fit onto an edge of the side wall around the open top, at least one plaything member, and attachment means for attaching the at least one plaything member to the empty receptacle, on top of the at least one wall covering member or to cover the open top.

Abstract: A supplement dispensing closure couplable to an outlet of a container, such as a water container. When the closure is coupled to the container, liquid exiting the container through the outlet flows through a supplement retention area that retains a dissolvable supplement body inside the closure as the liquid flows therethrough and dissolves the dissolvable supplement body. A user may select one or more dissolvable supplement bodies and insert them inside the supplement retention area for dissolution in the liquid as it flows through the supplement retention area. The closure may include a selectively openable and closable cap portion. Optionally, the closure includes a filter configured to filter one or more components from the liquid before or after it flows through the supplement retention area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a package for packaging a first fluid and a second fluid, the second fluid being separated from the first, wherein the package comprises a first part for packaging a first fluid and a second part for packaging a second fluid, wherein the first part and the second part are designed to move from a first position, wherein the first part and the second part are separated, to a second position which makes it possible to mix the first fluid and the second fluid.

Abstract: A container is provided, including a box and a lid, and at least one lifting panel for lifting articles, in particular smoking articles, is provided in the container. The at least one lifting panel includes a lifting panel hingedly connected via a first hinge line to the inside of a bottom wall of the box, and a back-folding panel depending from the lifting panel via a second hinge line. The back-folding panel is configured to transfer a movement of the lid to the lifting panel, such that the lifting panel is lifted, when the lid is moved in the open position. The lifting panel further includes at least one cut-out provided in the lifting panel, wherein the at least one cut-out is configured to at least partially receive the articles. A process of lifting the articles in the container using the at least one lifting panel is also provided.

Abstract: A back protective cover for a tablet device is provided which is capable of preventing a touch-screen cover from coining off the tablet device. According to the present invention, a back protective cover which covers a back of a tablet device is provided, the back protective cover comprising a separation preventing section configured to cover an attaching/detaching section of a touch-screen cover of a detachable type, the touch-screen cover covering a touch screen of the tablet device, so as to prevent separation between the touch-screen cover and the tablet device.

Abstract: A system for vacuum loss indication includes a rigid inner container, a flexible outer container, a sliding block, and a bias mechanism. The rigid inner container includes a receptacle with an open proximal end and a closed distal end. The flexible outer container surrounds the inner rigid container and includes a semi-transparent portion. The sliding block is within the receptacle and visible through the semi-transparent portion and includes a pressure indicator. The bias mechanism biases the sliding block to a first position under a first level of vacuum and a second position under a second level of vacuum. A first portion of the pressure indicator is visible through the semi-transparent portion in the first position and a second portion is visible through the semi-transparent portion in the second position.

Abstract: A system verifying an item in a package comprises a package producer and a verifier. The package producer produces a package with a label, wherein the package includes an item each with one or more selected tag identifiers that are placed in a location on the item. The verifier verifies the item using 1) the one or more selected tag identifiers as detected using a spectral measurement or 2) a location or a shape of the one or more selected tag identifiers on the item, and 3) the label as read using a label reader.

Abstract: Various adhesives are described that are resistant to relatively hot aqueous washing solutions and particularly to hot caustic solutions used in bottle washing applications. The adhesives are used to adhere polymeric labels to containers such as beverage bottles and thereby enable the labeled bottles to be subjected to multiple washing operations without label removal or debonding.

Abstract: A partially metallized packaging film and method of making is disclosed. In one aspect, at least one portion of a vaporized metal stream is shielded from contacting a sheet of packaging film during the metallization process. The shield is a rigid plate and can be shaped to provide a sharp transition from transparent film to opaque film, or it can provide a gradual transition from transparent film to opaque film. The partially metallized packaging film can be used with a form, fill and seal machine or other packaging machine to create a food package with a product viewing window. In one aspect, the barrier web comprises a bio-based film.

Abstract: Theft-resistant product package includes a front shell having a security pattern of thickened plastic areas or of cut-resistant strands on a plastic substrate and a back cover secured to and disposed relative to the front shell. An alternative theft-resistant product package includes an enclosed packaging structure having front and back surfaces spaced apart by at least one side wall around the perimeter of the front and back surfaces, and a plurality of indentations disposed in the at least one side wall. A process for manufacturing theft-resistant product packaging includes the steps of forming a theft-resistant security pattern of thickened plastic areas on a plastic substrate, shaping the plastic substrate to form a cavity, and securing the plastic substrate to a back cover.

Abstract: To provide wet tissue packing body with which drying of a wet tissue may be prevented by seal-packaging a tip portion of a following wet tissue that protrudes from a tissue hole when one wet tissue is taken out of the packing body. A wet tissue packing body of the present invention includes an airtight bag body accommodating a wet tissue, a wet tissue hole forming member disposed at an inner side around an opening of the bag body, and a cover member which seals the bag body opening. The wet tissue hole forming member includes a concave space to accommodate a wet tissue which protrudes from a wet tissue hole, and a flat cross section of the concave space is larger than the opening area of the bag body opening.

Abstract: A tray having a first clearance height when stacked in a front-to-front orientation with a like tray and a second clearance height when stacked in a back-to-front orientation with the like tray is provided. The first clearance height is lower than the second clearance height.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a dual barrier laminate structure, particularly suitable for aggressive or moisture containing products. The present disclosure also relates to a plastic based laminate (PBL) or an aluminum based laminate (ABL) comprising the said dual barrier laminate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions, films and articles containing a random propylene/ethylene copolymer and a substituted phenylene aromatic diester. Polymerization with an improved catalyst system increases the amount of ethylene incorporated into the random propylene/ethylene copolymer backbone which results in improved thermal properties, improved optical properties, and improved heat seal properties.

Abstract: This tray comprises a container-shaped main body (1) having a bottom face (2) and an outer peripheral face (3) that rises upward from the outer peripheral part of the bottom face (2), and one or more dividers (5) that divide the internal space of the main body (1) into a plurality of spaces. Guide grooves (6) are provided on the inside of the outer peripheral face (3) of the main body (1), for guiding the descending movement of the dividers. Rib portions (7) that rise from the bottom edge of the guide grooves (6) to the middle part are provided in the center of the guide grooves (6). Mating grooves (8) that mate with the rib portions (7) are provided from below to above to at least one end of the dividers (5).

Abstract: A process for the hydroprocessing of a low value light cycle oil (LCO) hydrocarbon feed to provide a high-value diesel-range product. The process comprises a hydrotreatment stage followed by a hydrocracking stage, each of which is conducted under liquid-full reaction conditions wherein substantially all the hydrogen supplied to the hydrotreating and hydrocracking reactions is dissolved in the liquid-phase hydrocarbon feed. Ammonia and other gases formed during hydrotreatment are removed in a separation step prior to hydrocracking. The LCO feed is advantageously converted to diesel in high yield with little loss of hydrocarbon to naphtha.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wet start-up method for hydrogenation unit, an energy-saving hydrogenation process, and a hydrogenation apparatus. The method involves heating a start-up activating oil to a specific temperature and flowing the heated oil through a bed of hydrogenation catalyst bed, so that the temperature at the catalyst bed layer is increased to 180±10° C. or above by means of heat exchange and the reaction heat generated from activation in the start-up method.

Abstract: A process for the hydroprocessing of a low-value light cycle oil (LCO) hydrocarbon feed to provide a high-value diesel-range product. The process comprises a hydrotreatment stage followed by a hydrocracking stage, each of which is conducted under liquid-full reaction conditions wherein substantially all the hydrogen supplied to the hydrotreating and hydrocracking reactions is dissolved in the liquid-phase hydrocarbon feed. Ammonia and optionally other gases formed during hydrotreatment are removed in a separation step prior to hydrocracking. The LCO feed is advantageously converted to diesel in high yield with little loss of hydrocarbon to naphtha.