Abstract: In an example embodiment, an 802.11 or Ethernet work-group local area network (WG-LAN) is assigned a global name. The WG-LAN name is bound to a local virtual local area network identifier (VLAN-ID) in parent access points (APs). A path update protocol is employed to synchronize the WG-LAN/VLAN-ID bindings in a work-group bridge with the bindings of its' parent AP.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a base-station-to-base-station (BS-BS) gateway in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular communication network and methods of operation thereof. In one embodiment, the BS-BS gateway receives information from a first base station which includes a hostname and a network address of the first base station. The BS-BS gateway then stores a mapping between the hostname and the network address. Thereafter, in one embodiment, the BS-BS gateway enables a second base station to address messages to the first base station using the hostname of the first base station. In this manner, changes in the network address of the first base station will not affect the ability of the second base station to address messages to the first base station. In some embodiments, the first base station is a low-power base station (LP-BS) and the second base station is a high-power base station (HP-BS).

Abstract: Mobile stations can query independent basic service set (BSS) parameters of a group of Access Points (APs) by setting a Pre-Association Message Exchange BSSID Independent (PAME-BI) bit during Wi-Fi discovery. The PAME-BI bit may be included in a Generic Advertisement Service (GAS) request to indicate that an Access Network Query Protocol (ANQP) request carried by the GAS request is querying both independent and dependent BSS parameters. In some embodiments, the PAME-BI bit is included as a field in the ANQP query, rather than the GAS request message.

Abstract: A network apparatus and a network sharing method are provided. The network apparatus includes a connecting port that can connect to a computer directly. The network apparatus automatically captures wireless network connection information stored in the computer via the connecting port, sets up a wireless network environment, so that the network apparatus acts as an external network card and makes the computer connect to the network via the network apparatus. Meanwhile, the network apparatus acts as a wireless base station and shares the network with other computer.

Abstract: Even when a plurality of communication parameter providing devices exist, a communication parameter setting process is enabled. When a plurality of communication parameter providing devices exist, one of the communication parameter providing devices is determined. For example, all the communication parameter providing devices are caused to stop the providing process. Alternatively, a user is allowed to select a communication parameter providing device. Alternatively, a communication parameter providing device is determined in accordance with a predetermined rule.

Abstract: A data transmission system is utilized in a Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI). A master device includes a control module for generating a control signal according to a feedback signal. A packet encoding module is coupled to the control module for encoding an original packet to be a transmission packet according to the original packet and the control signal to process a transmission operation. A slave device includes a packet decoding module for decoding the transmission packet to be the original packet or a related display device signal corresponding to the original packet to a display device. A feedback module is coupled to the packet decoding module for generating the feedback signal to the control module of the master device according to a decoding condition of the control module, so as to switch a transmission mode of the transmission operation.

Abstract: Methods and systems for coherent distributed communication techniques using time reversal are disclosed. In one aspect, cooperating nodes of a cluster can move relative to each other and relative to an intended receiver of the nodes' data transmissions. The nodes are synchronized to a common time reference, and data for transmission from the cluster is distributed to the nodes. The intended receiver sends a sounding signal to the nodes. Each node receives the sounding signal, obtains the channel response between the intended receiver and itself, and time-reverses the channel response. Each node then convolves its time-reversed channel response with the data to obtain the node's convolved data Each node waits a predetermined time following the time reference signal, as determined based on the common time reference.

Abstract: A receiver performs synchronization to a secondary component carrier in a wireless communication system. The secondary component carrier is aggregated with a primary component carrier in the wireless communication system. Side information of the secondary component carrier is utilized to reduce occurrences of a number of synchronization hypotheses in a hypothesis test in the case that synchronization to the secondary component carrier is performed. Symbol timing synchronization of the secondary component carrier is determined in accordance with the reduced occurrences of the number of synchronization hypotheses.

Abstract: An emergency call handling system can provide emergency call routing and processing that compliments or modifies the routing and processing provided by conventional enhanced 911 (E-911) and next generation 911 (NG-911) systems. Both the routing and processing can be based on rule sets detailed in emergency call handling profiles (ECHPs). Any entity (e.g., SIP servers, switches, terminals, etc.) within the system can process and route the emergency call by executing the rule sets within the ECHPs associated with the call. The ECHPs are delivered to the entities within the system by value or by reference. A SIP server, e.g., may execute all or a subset of the rule set, and may communicate with an application server to execute other subsets of the rule set.

Abstract: A border gateway (2) and a SIP Application Server (8) in an IMS network (3), which both are configured to connect a private branch exchange (1) to the IMS network using the SIP Connect. The connecting comprises the border gateway detecting, based on an address contained in a received SIP register message, that the SIP register message is received from a private branch exchange. Then, the border gateway forwards the received message to the SIP Application Server as a SIP connect-message from a private branch exchange, and the SIP Application server stores a binding server between an IP address of the private branch exchange and the received address associated with the private branch exchange, e.g. by dynamically updating an eDNS (6).

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a telephone exchange apparatus includes a determining module, a memory and a controller. The determining module determines whether an IP address is transferred through a router, by information notified from the plurality of telephone terminals, when a telephone terminal requests registration. The memory stores a management table associating the terminal ID, the results of determination by the determining module, and the IP address. The controller refers to the management table registered in the memory, and executes one of a first process of establishing connection for communication in a peer-to-peer form between first and second telephone terminals, and a second process of relaying connection by using a relay function, based on a reference results of the management table.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a Network-On-Chip (NoC) structure on an integrated circuit for high-speed data passing. In some aspects, the NoC structure includes multiple NoC stations with a hard-IP interface having a bidirectional connection to local components of the integrated circuit. In some aspects, the NoC stations have a soft-IP interface that supports the hard-IP interface of the NoC station.

Abstract: Network devices add annotation information to network packets as they travel through the network devices. The network devices may be switches, routers, bridges, hubs, or any other network device. The annotation information may be information specific to the network devices, as opposed to simply the kinds of information available at application servers that receive the network packets. As just a few examples, the annotation information may include switch buffer levels, routing delay, routing parameters affecting the packet, switch identifiers, power consumption, and heat, moisture, or other environmental data.

Abstract: A system for displaying updated traffic information such as parking, detours, road blockage etc. in a given area. The system comprises a network of placards connected to a central station. Each placard has a unique identification within the network. The central station sends a message word to one of more placards and each placard receives and propagates the received message word to adjacent placards in the network in a point-to-multipoint configuration. The message word includes an encoded traffic message that only the designated placards may decode and display. In an embodiment, the encoded message may only be decoded using the unique identification of the designated placards.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for routing in non-storing mode, a stream exchanged between a source and at least one receiver including the following steps: associating in a multicast routing table managed by a root node (4) the unicast address of the receiver and the multicast address of the group which the receiver has joined, sending the stream from the source to the root node, and, on receipt of the stream, the root node (4) generates a copy of the said stream, inserts in the packets of the copy of the generated stream a routing header including the unicast address of the addressee receiver of the stream, and sends the said stream to the receiver.

Abstract: Provided are a communication device and a communication system in which multi-hop communication is possible and management of communication routes is easy. In a distribution-system communication device 100, a port management means 132 is provided in a communication control unit 130, and each of ports provided in a port section 110 can be managed with the port management means 132 by IP addresses of adjacent stations connected to each of the ports. In a port management means 132 of a master station, correspondence information between port numbers of the port section 110 of each of the slave stations and the IP addresses of adjacent stations of a connection destination is input from the port management means 132 of each of the slave stations, and connection states between the ports of each of the slave stations can be managed based on the correspondence information.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a network communication node receives data and includes a plurality of processors aimed at processing data at a given layer of communication so as to route them towards a given destination. The node determines at least one layer of communication for processing the received data.

Abstract: The present invention connects a ring topology Ethernet network to other networks of various shapes. To that end, a first ring topology network configured in a ring shape has three or more expandable nodes (each have three or more Ethernet ports), and is connected to other networks through Ethernet ports that are not used for the formation of the first ring topology network among Ethernet ports of the expandable node. Thus, it is possible to add equipment without changing a ring topology network previously built and it is possible to integrate and manage networks of various shapes into a single network.

Abstract: In order to facilitate connecting to a SIP network, a router (20) forming a communication system (1) acquires information from a carrier network (30) by using DHCP. The information is necessary for connecting to a server (SIP server) placed on the carrier network. Moreover, a communication device (10) acquires the information from the router (20) by using local protocol that differs from the SIP and the DHCP. For example, UPnP protocol is adopted as the local protocol.

Abstract: Systems and methods for communicating in a wireless communication system are described. Various processes for detecting and correcting communication errors described. In aspect a method in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes transmitting a first packet from a sending device to a receiving device. The method further includes listening for an acknowledgement during a first time period. The method further includes transmitting a second packet to the receiving device after a second time period, when an acknowledgement is not received during the first time period. The second packet includes one or more error-correction codes operable to recover the first packet.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatus for managing machine-to-machine (M2M) entities are disclosed. Included herein is a method that may include implementing one or more management layers for managing M2M entities in an M2M environment. The method may also include using a plurality of management layers to manage a M2M area network, wherein the M2M area network may include one or more M2M end devices. The M2M end devices may include, for example, an M2M gateway and/or an M2M device. The management layers may include any of an application management layer, service management layer, network management layer and a device management layer. The management layers may provide any of configuration management, fault management, and performance management of the M2M entities.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for safe communication between a communication system by way of an OFDM method between a master and a slave, the master being able to communicate via a management channel and via a payload data channel with the slave. In an embodiment, the master assigns frequency spectra to be used for the payload data channel. The master is allocated an address of the slave and the master subsequently allocates the address to one of the frequency spectra to be used for the payload data channel. The slave stores the address transferred to it in its first microcontroller and the slave stores the address received via the payload data channel in the second microcontroller. The slave then checks whether the stored addresses match.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein include systems and methods for synchronized execution of macrocycles of similar duration across communications segments of a control system. Such synchronized execution approach enables a reduced control system response time by increasing the predictability of execution timing of one segment with regards to alternative segments.

Abstract: A frame conversion apparatus for converting a CAN frame into an Ethernet frame and a frame conversion method thereof, configured to efficiently convert CAN frame data into Ethernet frame data, to achieve high-speed and high-volume transmission.

Abstract: A method to generate a protocol header of a dispersed storage network (DSN) frame begins by a processing module generating a protocol class field and generating a protocol class version field. The method continues with the processing module generating an operation code (opcode) field and generating a request/response field. The method continues with the processing module generating a request number field and generating a payload length field. The method continues with the processing module outputting, in order, the protocol class field, the protocol class version field, the opcode field, the request/response field, the request number field, and the payload length field.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a digital broadcast system and a data processing method. A broadcast signal in which mobile service data and main service data are multiplexed is transmitted and received. Then, in a broadcasting receiver, the program table information including information about a service or a program of an ensemble is parsed according to an identifier of the ensemble in which the mobile service data are multiplexed, in the received broadcast signal. And a mobile service is outputted by using the mobile service data and the parsed program table information.

Abstract: A video signal and an audio signal are TMDS transmitted from a source device to a sink device. Through a reserved line and a HPD line provided separately from a TMDS transmission line, an Ethernet™ signal is bidirectionally transmitted, and also, a SPDIF signal is transmitted from the sink device to the source device. The Ethernet™ signal bidirectionally transmitted between Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuits is differentially transmitted by an amplifier and is received by the amplifier. The SPDIF signal from a SPDIF transmitter circuit is common-mode transmitted from an adder and is received by the adder to be supplied to the SPDIF receiver circuit.

Abstract: An optical receiver (20) for multimode communications comprises: a mode demultiplexer (21) having an input connected to a multimode link (22) and a plurality of output lines (231-234), wherein the mode demultiplexer is adapted to couple each of the modal components of the optical signal substantially into a selected one of the output lines, a plurality of coherent optical detectors (251-254) respectively connected to the output lines to produce a set of electrical digital signals each comprising an in-phase component and a quadrature-phase component, a plurality of independently adjustable optical delay devices (241-244) arranged on the output lines to impart a selected delay to each of the corresponding modal components, and a signal processing device (26) adapted to process the digital signals to recover the independent modulations of the respective modal components by inverting a mode-mixing characteristic of the multimode link.

Abstract: A method for quasi-synchronous tuning of wavelength or frequency of grating external-cavity semiconductor laser and a corresponding semiconductor laser are provided. A grating or mirror is rotated around a quasi-synchronous tuning point (Pq) as rotation center, so as to achieve the frequency selections by grating and resonance cavity in quasi-synchronous tuning, wherein the angle of the line between the quasi-synchronous tuning point (Pq) and a conventional synchronous tuning point (P0) with respect to the direction of light incident on the grating is determined according to the angle difference between the incidence angle and diffraction angle of light on the grating. According to present invention, approximately synchronous tuning of laser is achieved with a simple and flexible design.

Abstract: A generation unit generates adjustment information to adjust a first clock indicating a timing of illumination of a laser beam to scan on a screen, based on a scanning position to be scanned by the laser beam. On the basis of the adjustment information, adjustment unit adjusts the first clock to a second clock different from the first clock. Then, in synchronization with the second clock, the laser beam is allowed to illuminate as a pixel. This may be applicable to a projection apparatus for projecting an image on the screen, for example.

Abstract: A pulsed laser oscillator includes at least one first electrooptical element that polarizes light according to an applied voltage and a voltage control unit that applies a voltage to the first electrooptical element and controls the voltage. The voltage control unit changes over time a voltage value applied to the first electrooptical element, to control a pulse width of laser light.

Abstract: Air-cooled laser devices and formation methods are provided. An exemplary air-cooled laser device can include at least a laser active slab, a first silicon carbide clad, a second silicon carbide clad, a first laser diode array, and a first cylindrical lens. The first and second silicon carbide clads can be symmetrically bonded to the laser active slab and can have a surface area greater than the laser active slab to form an air duct surrounding side surfaces of the laser active slab and between the silicon carbide clads. The first laser diode array can emit first input pump laser beams to be collimated by the first cylindrical lens to provide parallel and quasi-parallel pump laser beams that are guided by the air duct to enter into the laser active slab from at least a first side surface of the laser active slab.

Abstract: A laser machining control system includes a laser diode, a laser power controller connected to the laser diode, a light transmission-reflection element positioned on a light path of a laser light beam to a workpiece, and an output power meter. The output power meter detects the laser light beam being reflected by the transmission-reflection element element and measures an output power of the laser diode. The output power meter gives a signal to the laser power controller if there is a power loss of the laser light beam, and the laser power controller adjusts the voltage and the current input to the laser diode in compensation.

Abstract: Output power of a laser beam emitted by a laser in an electro-optical reader is regulated by storing a killswitch byte in non-volatile memory, and by checking whether the killswitch byte is in a default state or a kill state prior to performing reading. A controller detects a fault condition and responsively changes the killswitch byte to the kill state, in order to permanently deenergize the laser and to maintain the laser permanently deenergized after the killswitch byte has been changed to the kill state.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a driver circuit of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) includes bias current sources, modulation current sources, and a switch component connected to the bias current sources at a first node and to the modulation current sources at second nodes; the switch component is configured to modulate a current from the bias and modulation current sources based on an input signal to the switch component; and the switch component is also configured to provide the modulated current to the VCSEL through a folded cascode transistor.

Abstract: A laser diode (LD) driver to suppress the excess emission of an LD is disclosed. The LD driver has the shunt configuration with a driving transistor connected in parallel to the LD to shunt the bias current provided to the LD. The driver further provides a protection circuit to divide the bias current when the bias current is active but the driving transistor is turned off at an instant of the power on and off of the LD driver.

Abstract: The invention relates, inter alia, to a method for producing an electro-optical component (10, 200) suitable for emitting electromagnetic radiation (120), wherein in the method a first intermediate layer (60) is applied on a carrier, a second intermediate layer (70) is applied on the first intermediate layer, and after the second intermediate layer has been applied, the buried first intermediate layer is locally modified, wherein as a result of the local modification of the buried first intermediate layer in a lateral direction a refractive index jump is produced which brings about a lateral wave guiding of the electromagnetic radiation (120) in the unmodified region of the first intermediate layer.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes an active layer; at least a portion of the active layer constitutes a gain region. The gain region is continuous from a first end surface and a second end surface. The gain region includes a first portion extending from the first end surface to a first reflective surface in a direction tilted with respect to a normal to the first side surface as viewed two-dimensionally; a second portion extending from the second end surface to the second reflective surface in a direction tilted with respect to a normal to the first side surface as viewed two-dimensionally; and a third portion extending from the first reflective surface to the second reflective surface in a direction tilted with respect to a normal to the first reflective surface as viewed two-dimensionally.

Abstract: An (Al,In,B,Ga)N or III-nitride based laser diode epitaxially grown on orientations other than a c-plane orientation, namely various semipolar and nonpolar orientations, and having polished facets. The semipolar orientation may be a semipolar (11-22), (11-2-2), (101-1), (10-1-1), (20-21), (20-2-1), (30-31) or (30-3-1) orientation, and the nonpolar orientation may be a nonpolar (10-10) or (11-20) orientation. The facets are chemically mechanically or mechanically polished.

Abstract: A surface emitting laser in which a plurality of nitride semiconductor layers including a lower reflector, a plurality of active layers causing a gain by current injection, and an upper reflector are provided on a substrate, includes an n-type spacer layer formed between the lower reflector and an active layer closest to the lower reflector in the plurality of active layers, a p-type spacer layer formed between the upper reflector and an active layer closest to the upper reflector in the plurality of active layers, and an intermediate layer arranged between the plurality of active layers. The intermediate layer is configured from an Mg-doped layer including at least Mg, and a nitride semiconductor layer including In, and the Mg-doped layer and the nitride semiconductor layer including In are provided in that order from a side of the substrate.

Abstract: A ring resonator is connected to an optical amplifier. The ring resonator and optical amplifier are contained within the optical path of an optical resonator formed by a first and second reflector. The optical coupler branches part of the light conducting from the optical amplifier to the ring resonator within the optical resonator off to an output optical waveguide.

Abstract: An organic dye laser produces a continuous-wave (cw) output without any moving parts (e.g., without using flowing dye streams or spinning discs of solid-state dye media to prevent photobleaching) and with a pump beam that is stationary with respect to the organic dye medium. The laser's resonant cavity, organic dye medium, and pump beam are configured to excite a lasing transition over a time scale longer than the associated decay lifetimes in the organic dye medium without photobleaching the organic dye medium. Because the organic dye medium does not photobleach when operating in this manner, it may be pumped continuously so as to emit a cw output beam. In some examples, operation in this manner lowers the lasing threshold (e.g., to only a few Watts per square centimeter), thereby facilitating electrical pumping for cw operation.

Abstract: A distributed resonator laser system using retro-reflecting elements, in which spatially separated retroreflecting elements define respectively a power transmitting and a power receiving unit. The retroreflectors have no point of inversion, so that an incident beam is reflected back along a path essentially coincident with that of the incident beam. This enables the distributed laser to operate with the beams in a co-linear mode, instead of the ring mode described in the prior art. This feature allows the simple inclusion of elements having optical power within the distributed cavity, enabling such functions as focusing/defocusing, increasing the field of view of the system, and changing the Rayleigh length of the beam. The optical system can advantageously be constructed as a pupil imaging system, with the advantage that optical components, such as the gain medium or a photo-voltaic converter, can be positioned at such a pupil without physical limitations.

Abstract: In a charging hopper system of an electric arc furnace with a closure member which can be opened, a hopper-like containment with a discharge opening and at least one suction opening, the closure member closes the precharging chamber, the precharging chamber is separated from the hopper-like containment by a separating wall which can be opened and, in addition, a movable push shield is arranged in the precharging chamber for moving scrap metal from the precharging chamber into the hopper-like containment.

Abstract: A method for determining the temperature of a sheathed-element glow plug during operation in an internal combustion engine is described, in which a temperature-resistance reference correlation is determined. In order to reduce the tolerance range of a sheathed-element glow plug, after the sheathed-element glow plug has been installed in the internal combustion engine, a calibration step is carried out in which, with the aid of the temperature-resistance reference correlation determined prior to the installation of the sheathed-element glow plug in the internal combustion engine, a temperature-resistance correlation specific to the sheathed-element glow plug is ascertained, from which the temperature of the sheathed-element glow plug during operation of the sheathed-element glow plug in the internal combustion engine is determined.

Abstract: In a magnet temperature estimating method, in the event that a rotor of a rotary electric machine is cooled by a cooling oil, a magnet temperature calculator estimates the magnet temperature of magnets provided on the rotor, based on losses of the rotary electric machine including a loss of the rotor and the temperature of the cooling oil.

Abstract: A magnet temperature calculator estimates a magnet temperature of a rotary electric machine using at least parameters related to a transmission that is coupled to the rotary electric machine.

Abstract: A temperature detecting circuit includes a first thermistor, a second thermistor, a first pull-up resistor, a second pull-up resistor, and a controller. The controller is configured to sense a temperature based on a voltage signal from the first thermistor if a temperature corresponding to a voltage signal from one of the first thermistor and the second thermistor is below a threshold temperature. The controller is configured to sense a temperature based on a voltage signal from the second thermistor if a temperature corresponding to a voltage signal from one of the first thermistor and the second thermistor is higher than or equal to the threshold temperature. A resistance Ra of the first thermistor, a resistance Rb of the second thermistor, a resistance Rc of the first pull-up resistor, and a resistance Rd of the second pull-up resistor have a relationship expressed by Ra<Rb and Rc>Rd.

Abstract: A system for providing wireless connections in configuring an instrument or microphone with audio effects, effects pedal boards, mixers, and other studio equipment. The signal from an audio source such as an instrument or microphone is connected to a main unit, from which it is transmitted via wireless link to a floor unit connected to one or more effects pedals or other studio equipment. After processing, the audio signal is returned via wireless link to the main unit and then routed to an amplifier.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device determines a need to resynchronize a broadcast and unicast frequency-hopping schedules on its network interface. In response to the need, the device may solicit the broadcast schedule from one or more neighbor devices having the synchronized broadcast schedule, and then establishes the unicast schedule for the network interface using communication during the synchronized broadcast schedule.