Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for efficient handover of a media session between heterogeneous IP networks. A mobile device with Internet access can operate a software program to communicate with a corresponding node. The corresponding node may access the Internet through a firewall which may include NAT-routing functionality. The mobile device establishes a media session with a corresponding node via the transmission of a first media stream and receipt of a second media stream, and a media-control channel can optionally be implemented. The mobile device can acquire Internet access through a second IP address, and packets routed between the second IP address and the Internet may traverse a firewall. The mobile device can evaluate a set of network parameters at the second IP address from a stored LAN profile. A software routine can (i) evaluate preferred IP addresses and (ii) select an efficient handover procedure according to handover procedure rules.

Abstract: A mobile station (MS) operating within a radio network includes a processing unit having an active mode and an inactive mode. The mobile station includes a transmitter in communication with the processing unit. The mobile station includes a memory in communication with the processing unit for storing uplink payload. The mobile station includes a radio interface in communication with the radio network and the transmitter; when there is uplink payload to transmit when the processing unit is in the inactive mode, the transmitter transmitting an activity indication to a base station over the radio interface, the processing unit changing to active mode, and the transmitter transmitting the uplink payload to the base station over the radio interface. A method for a mobile station operating within a radio network. A method for a base station operating within a radio network.

Abstract: A system installed at a roaming mobile network, comprises: a signaling relay enabled to monitor, intercept and modify mobile network signaling messages between the roaming network and the home network, a controller application for the signaling relay, said controller configured to instruct the signaling relay to replace an identity of a roaming user with a local network subscriber identity, thereby to enable registration of the roaming user with the local network for receiving at least one local mobile service as a local user, the roamer retaining a pre-existing registration with a respective home mobile network for receiving at least one other roaming mobile service, wherein authentication of the mobile device with the roaming network uses authentication data of the home network registration.

Abstract: A method in a mobile device is provided. The method includes storing the number of IP (Internet protocol) sessions available to the mobile device for each of a number of network areas; and when the mobile device is in a location where two of the network areas overlap, performing cell selection based on the stored number of IP sessions for each of the overlapping network areas.

Abstract: A communication method of a serving micro base station is provided. The method includes a handover of a vehicular mobile terminal based on uplink broadcast information including a unique access code allocated to the vehicular mobile terminal within a multi-cell group. The multi-cell group includes a macro base station and a plurality of micro base stations within a cell coverage of the macro base station. The handover is performed based on a determined preparation level of the handover that is based on the uplink broadcast information.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, mobile node and computer-readable medium for establishing (or pre-establishing) a secure tunnel to an ePDG to prepare for a mobile node attachment or handover to another access network. To reduce the delay of a handover or upon attachment of a mobile node to an access network implied by mechanisms to discover a ePDG, the mobile node maintains a reachability list that can be consulted to identify an ePDG or ePDGs that are reachable in the target access network, i.e. to which the mobile node may establish a secure tunnel. If the mobile node can identify a reachable ePDG for a given access network from the reachability list, the mobile node (pre-)establishes a secure tunnel to the ePDG upon attaching to the given access network. In alternative solutions DNS, DHCP or other mechanism can be used to provide the mobile node with information on ePDGs in its vicinity.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for secure and seamless roaming between internal and external networks. Double and triple tunnels may be used to connect a mobile node to a correspondent host. A mobile node may include the ability to connect to two networks simultaneously to enable seamless roaming between networks.

Abstract: A current physical location value associated is incorporated with a communication device as part of internet protocol (IP). An IP management component obtains current physical location information of a wireless communication device and modifies the IP address to incorporate the current physical location value corresponding to the current physical location of the communication device as part of the IP address of the communication device to prevent undesired intrusions by hackers, as communications associated with the communication device are routed to/from the communication device that is at the current physical location. If the communication device moves to a new location, the IP management component can perform a new IP address modification to modify the IP address to incorporate a new physical location value associated with the communication device.

Abstract: In this invention a wireless apparatus for conducting receiving process of data using a control signal which is started in transmission prior to transmission of such data is characterized in comprising a detecting unit for detecting that the undefined data is included in a first part transmitted prior to a second part as a part of the control signal is used for solving problem.

Abstract: The present invention relates to communicating control information in a mobile communication system, wherein the control information of a mobile terminal for scheduling an uplink channel may be notified to a network more quickly with less power. The present invention comprises transmitting a data block on a first physical channel, wherein the data block comprises control information, and transmitting an indicator having a specific value on a second physical channel for indicating the transmission of the control information on the first physical channel.

Abstract: A subscriber access unit includes a transceiver for providing wireless communication of digital signals. The digital signals are communicated to a base station using at least one radio frequency (RF) channel via Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) modulated radio signals defined by orthogonal codes. Orthogonal subchannels are made available by the base station within each CDMA RF channel. A bandwidth manager is connected to the transceiver, and when the transceiver is actively sending data, at least one orthogonal subchannel is allocated by the base station on an as-needed basis. The number of orthogonal subchannels being allocated changes during a given session. The transceiver, when powered on but not actively sending data, provides an idling mode connection on a reverse link. The idling mode connection is based on an orthogonal subchannel shared with at least one other subscriber access unit, but utilizes different time slots of the shared orthogonal subchannel.

Abstract: A wireless device, a method, and a computer program product in a wireless device are provided in which a scheduling control signal is received in peer-to-peer resources. In addition, whether to yield a data transmission is determined based on the received scheduling control signal. Furthermore, the data transmission is sent to a base station on the peer-to-peer resources upon determining not to yield the data transmission. A base station, a method, and a computer program product in a base station are also provided in which a scheduling control signal is received in peer-to-peer resources. In addition, whether to yield a data transmission is determined based on the received scheduling control signal. Furthermore, the data transmission is sent to a wireless device on the peer-to-peer resources upon determining not to yield the data transmission.

Abstract: In a radio communication system employing HARQ scheme wherein the maximum number of slots is changed, a radio terminal (1) which calculates a predictive transmission rate being the predictive value of a downlink transmission rate at a future time after the receiving time of a downlink radio signal is provided with a storage unit (15A) which stores in association with a DRC a corrected transmission rate obtained by causing a defined transmission rate being a downlink transmission rate in the case of using all the maximum number of slots to reflect the probability of succeeding in decoding data using only some of the slots, and a calculation unit (142) which predicts the reception quality at the future time on the basis of the reception quality before the receiving time, obtains from the storage unit (15A) the corrected transmission rate associated with the DRC corresponding to the predicted reception quality, and calculates the predictive transmission rate from the obtained corrected transmission rate.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of microwave communication technologies, and disclose a method, an apparatus, and a system for scheduling a service on a microwave link. In order to overcome the problem that the data unit of the TDM service and the data unit of the packet service cannot be scheduled uniformly in the prior art, the method for scheduling a service on a microwave link provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes: receiving a radio transport unit that carries at least one radio data unit, where the radio data unit carries priority information; and scheduling the radio data unit according to the priority information of the radio data unit. The present invention enables uniform scheduling of the data unit of the TDM service and the data unit of the packet service.

Abstract: A radio base station (RBS), such as an eNodeB, for supporting TTI bundling transmissions from a User Equipment (UE) using is provided. The RBS is arranged for toggling a TTI bundling mode of the UE by transmitting a first signal (531) to the UE, and for receiving a second signal (538) from the UE indicating that the UE has toggled its TTI bundling mode. During the transition state of the switching procedure, between transmitting the first signal and receiving the second signal, all transmissions from the UE are scheduled as TTI bundling transmissions (532, 536), transmissions received from the UE are decoded at time instances for both normal transmissions (511) and TTI bundling transmissions (512), and feedback information is transmitted to the UE at time instances for both normal transmissions (534) and TTI bundling transmissions (535). In this way, all packets received at the RBS may be decoded correctly and retransmission of packets by the UE is avoided. Further, a corresponding method is provided.

Abstract: A method is proposed for managing access to a communications network clocked in transmission cycles by a master node characterized in that, during a given transmission cycle, a slave node of the network performs steps for: obtaining (705) an active access sequence applicable for the given transmission cycle and a piece of information on duration of relevance associated with the active access sequence obtained; carrying out (740) a first check that at least one packet is received by the slave node during the given transmission cycle, according to the active access sequence; in the event of a positive first check, determining (745, 725, 730, 740) an access sequence for a following transmission cycle as a function of pieces of information contained in the received packet or packets; in the event of a negative first check, determining (725, 727, 710, 715, 720, 750, 755) an access sequence for the following transmission cycle as a function of the piece of information on duration of relevance associated with the ac

Abstract: A communication network may be uncooperative with an uncooperative communications device. The communication network includes mobile wireless communications devices including a collection device and forward devices. Each forward device is configured to detect a received signal characteristic associated with the uncooperative communications device, and transmit the received signal characteristic to the collection device. The collection device is configured to selectively schedule reception of the received signal characteristic based upon a timing of communications among the forward devices, and determine a parameter associated with the uncooperative communications device based upon the received signal characteristic.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for transmitting/receiving a Gigabit-Ethernet signal by a high capacity point-to-point radio system. The basic idea consists in transmitting a Gigabit Ethernet interface using a single frequency in a channel plan of about 56 MHz bandwidth. The invention is based on a technology that combines forward error correction, cross polarization interference cancellation (XPIC), base-band signal processing, adaptive equalization and antenna's interconnection. In the best configuration, two carrier frequencies, H and V polarized, are selected in order to have the required bandwidth for easily transporting a Gigabit Ethernet. A proper compression rate can be selected according to the available resources; in case of radio channel failure, the compression rate can be changed. Ethernet frames are mapped by a Generic Framing Procedure encapsulation protocol.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus transmitting and receiving a White Space Map information between two stations in a wireless local area network system are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for downlink sub-frame allocation in an evolved WiMAX system, which comprises: setting a IEEE 802.16m frame start offset as a parameter of a deployment area range, and setting a starting location of a IEEE 802.16m frame by each IEEE 802.16m base station within a same deployment area range in the system according to the IEEE 802.16m frame start offset; always allocating a start sub-frame of the IEEE 802.16m frame by the IEEE 802.16m base station as a IEEE 802.16m downlink sub-frame, and sending a super frame header including a synchronization symbol at the starting location of a first frame of a super-frame; or sending a synchronization symbol at the starting location of a first frame of a super-frame and sending a super frame header in a start sub-frame of the first frame of the super-frame; and TDM is performed on the synchronization symbol and the super frame header in the first frame of the super-frame.

Abstract: To improve WWAN coverage, an access node broadcasts overhead messages on a first channel covering a first channel environment and a second channel covering a second channel environment within a coverage region. The overhead messages carry network overhead parameters for allowing wireless mobile devices to acquire and maintain traffic channels within the cellular system. The overhead message channels are configured so that a user perceives uninterrupted wireless services while moving through different channel environments in the coverage region. In one embodiment, the overhead message channels are separate physical channels configured with different broadcast parameters to provide coverage in different environments. In another embodiment, the overhead parameter information is segregated into base and extended components that are encoded and layer modulated onto separate logical channels. Using layered modulation, wireless mobile devices can receive base components in poor coverage regions.

Abstract: A method for coding control data with user data repetition is disclosed. Bits in user data may be removed. Bits in control data may be repeated to increase a number of bits in the control data. A number of bits in the user data that is the same as the number of bits in the control data may be copied. The copied user data bits may be added to the control data. The user data and the control data may be multiplexed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for activating and maintaining a plurality of separate and distanced functional units in an aircraft cabin. According to the invention, a wireless network comprising a plurality of nodes is initialized, wherein each node is associated with a device wherein said initializing comprises associating each node a sending time slot within a time frame using a TDMA synchronization scheme, wherein each node is active to send signals during its sending time slot and is active to receive signals during a first set of time slots comprising a number of time slots of said frame, wherein the sending time slot of a node is different from the sending time slots of at least a plurality of its neighbored nodes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus transmits and receives a service in a wireless communication system by acquiring Quality of Service (QoS) information. A packet is received through a direct communication with a terminal equipment providing a service. When the received packet includes a new destination Internet Protocol (IP) address different from a previously received packet, one or more service quality identifiers corresponding to the received packet are identified. The identified service quality identifiers are transmitted to the terminal equipment, and a service quality identifier corresponding to a service category selected by a user from the identified service categories is received from the terminal equipment. QoS information corresponding to the received service quality identifier is determined and used to generate a radio link between the mobile equipment and a mobile communication network. And the service is received through the radio link.

Abstract: A method for indicating and interpreting robust MAC signaling, the indicating method having the steps of: checking whether a MAC-PDU contains control information; and if yes, providing an indication to use a robust configuration for a HARQ feedback transmission, and the interpreting method having the steps of: receiving a MAC-PDU; checking whether an indication for robust HARQ feedback transmission is provided; and if yes, utilizing robust HARQ feedback transmission.

Abstract: A method of synchronizing a plurality of data streams. A land mobile radio (LMR) data stream can be generated by a LMR communication device. At least one LMR identifier can be communicated from the LMR communication device to a broadband communication device. A broadband data stream can be generated by the broadband communication device. The broadband data stream and the LMR identifier can be communicated from the broadband communication device via an access network. The LMR identifier can enable synchronization of the LMR data stream with the broadband data stream.

Abstract: Each of a network fabric controller device and a network fabric forwarder devices includes network connecting hardware and network managing logic. The network connecting hardware of the devices connects them to a singly contiguous network fabric including switching devices that route data between initiator nodes and target nodes and that have routing logic programmable by the controller device. The controller device does not directly route the data themselves. The network managing logic of the devices effects multipaths for transmission of the data through the singly contiguous network fabric from the initiator node to the target nodes via programming of the routing logic of the switching devices.

Abstract: Method and system for providing pass through web configuration on an IP telephone comprising the steps of establishing a data communication path in a data network, detecting a configuration parameter in the data communication path, extracting and also additionally, storing the detected configuration parameter, and performing a configuration procedure of an IP telephone associated with the configuration parameter operatively coupled to the data network is disclosed. The configuration parameter may include an Internet Protocol (IP) address, a key value pair associated with an IP address, or a valid communication address.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing session related protocol signaling messages includes a simplification element. The simplification element may be configured to receive a message associated with a session related protocol, to determine whether the message is a per call based message and, in response to a determination that the message is the per call based message, to interpret the per call based message without the removed per session based information. The per call based message is free of per session based information that has been removed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for identifying Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) traffic. Based on a Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP), the method includes: identifying a packet related to a control connection by matching keywords according to an identification rule of the MGCP; extracting media connection negotiation information for establishing a media connection from the packet related to the control connection; matching the media connection negotiation information according to a transaction Identification (ID) in the media connection negotiation information; and identifying MGCP based VoIP traffic according to matching results. The present invention further discloses an apparatus for identifying VoIP traffic based on the MGCP.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing communication service using a private packet network backbone exchange (PPNBE) are disclosed. The private packet network backbone exchange may include a logical call control entity, a logical routing database, one or more PPNBE gateways, and a private packet network. The PPNBE may provide “one-hop” call connection between a call-originating entity and a call-terminating entity without traversal of any other exchanges. The PPNBE may simultaneously support both one-hop local and long distance calls. The PPNBE architecture is easily scalable and incorporated into existing communication networks for on-net and off-net service. Methods and systems for providing access tandem communication service using a PPNBE are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods to route a call over a voice and data network VDN. A particular method includes receiving a call from a calling device at a telecommunications gateway (TCG). Authentication data is received via the call. A determination is made whether a user account associated with the authentication data is authorized to route calls via the TCG to a VDN. When the user account is authorized to route calls via the TCG to the VDN, call data received at the TCG via the call is converted into a format compatible with the VDN. The converted call data is sent via the VDN to a destination device.

Abstract: A method for providing multimedia services to subscriber user equipment (UE) within an IP multimedia subsystem network (IMS) may include configuring the IMS to enable a single UE to fork register and cooperate with multiple serving-call session control functions (S-CSCFs). After obtaining IP connectivity, the single UE signals to register with the IMS and the IMS determines whether the UE is configured to fork register with multiple S-CSCFs. If the UE is configured, the IMS determines which S-CSCFs are eligible for the UE registration and fork registers the UE to multiple S-CSCFs of the eligible S-CSCFs. Consequently, incoming and outgoing calls to/from the UE are routed by the IMS to any of the multiple registered S-CSCFs.

Abstract: A system includes a network entry point configured to receive and process internet protocol (IP) based connection requests originating from outside the communications network, and a telephone number mapping (ENUM) database configured to store a uniform resource identifier (URI) of the network entry point and to respond to a request for routing information for a subscriber terminal within the communications network received from a remote entity outside the communications network by providing a naming authority pointer resource (NAPTR) record including the URI of the network entry point to the remote entity in response to the request for routing information.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for managing a Voice over IP (VoIP) network includes collecting a first set of data from a first source of network performance management data, each data item in the first set of data corresponding to a call made using the VoIP network; collecting a second set of data from a second source of network performance management data, each data item in the second set of data corresponding to a call made using the VoIP network and being of a different type than the first set of data; correlating the first set of data and the second set of data such that a data item from the first set of data is matched with a data item from the second set of data that corresponds to a common call made over the VoIP network; and outputting a performance report based on the correlating.

Abstract: A method for rejecting received SIP messages which are redundantly retransmitted used in a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) application architecture. In one embodiment, the method comprises: forwarding all the messages transmitted from a SIP application server to a SIP terminal, and dropping all the received SIP messages redundantly retransmitted from the SIP terminal to the SIP application server according to the transmission direction of said SIP messages; and correspondingly replying to the dropped SIP messages according to the message type thereof. The present invention also provides a corresponding retransmission rejection device and a network device comprising the same, and further provides a method and device for rapidly rejecting redundantly retransmitted SIP messages in the case where the memory space is limited. The present invention can be applied to a network device such as a SIP stateless proxy at a front end of a SIP application server cluster.

Abstract: A device based on the proposed solution allows high-definition video transmissions with low latency over an asynchronous packet computer network such as Ethernet. The transmitter and receiver comprise a video input or output module, an FPGA board, and an optical transceiver for transmission and reception of a signal over the Ethernet network. The principle of the new device is that the receiver comprises one or more tunable oscillators connected to the FPGA board comprising a module for packet reception, and one or more sets of modules for video data processing.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a system includes a first switch fabric device, a second switch fabric device, a first access switch operatively coupled to the first switch fabric device by a first cable, and a second access switch operatively coupled to the second switch fabric device by a second cable. The second access switch is operatively coupled to the first access switch by a third cable. The first access switch is configured to send data to the first switch fabric device via the first cable. The first access switch is configured to send data to the second switch fabric device via the third cable, the second access switch, and the second cable.

Abstract: An enclosure is associated with a network address. A management processor of a server device within the enclosure and an enclosure processor of a management mechanism within the enclosure share the network address. A networking switch processor of a networking switch within the enclosure is to route the packet to the enclosure processor, or directly to the management processor without the packet passing through the management mechanism.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, a method for selecting a communication path is provided. The method may comprise receiving data encapsulated in a transport protocol. In addition, a classification type and exit path information associated with the classification type may be received. The data is associated with the classification type and then is encapsulated in Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) based on the exit path information. This exit path information is associated with the classification type that is associated with the data.

Abstract: A network switch that outputs multicast packets from a plurality of output ports correlated with a plurality of input ports. A multicast control section designates an input port that has received a route setup command and an output port that outputs the route setup command to be transferred to a destination designated by the route setup command as ports that output the multicast packets. In multicast communications, the multicast packets are transferred to ports other than the input port that has received the multicast packets of the ports designated by a multicast section as those that output the multicast packet.

Abstract: A communication protocol in a layer two (L2) network switch comprises, in response to a service request by a source node, registering the source node for packet communication service. The protocol further comprises forwarding one or more packets from the registered source node to one or more destination nodes. The protocol further comprises receiving packets from one or more destination nodes and forwarding each received packet to a corresponding registered node.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with logically partitioned networking devices are described herein. One example method includes receiving a message from a common interface. The message comprises a logical partition header (LPH) and a network segmentation header (NSH). The LPH may be associated with a logical partition of a networking device. The NSH is associated with a grouping (e.g., segmentation) of networking devices. The example method may also include forwarding the message to the grouping of networking devices based, at least in part, on the NSH and a virtual route forwarding (VRF) table. Forwarding the message to the logical partition of the networking device based, at least in part, on the LPH.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards systems and methods for providing multi-level classification of a network packet. In some embodiments, network performance may be enhanced and optimized by providing QoS and acceleration engines with packet- or data-specific information. In addition to source and destination IP addresses and port numbers, packet- or data-specific information can include direction of traffic (client to host or server; server or host to client; or both), Virtual LAN (VLAN) ID, source or destination application or associated application, service class, ICA priority, type of service, differentiated service code point (DSCP), or other information. Some or all of this information may be used to classify the network packet at a plurality of layers of a network stack, allowing for deep inspection of the packet and multiple levels of granularity of classification.

Abstract: An open communication method between at least two sub-networks using a broker node. Each of the sub-networks has a different routable network addressing scheme. The method comprises receiving a packet for a specific application, the packet includes an application identifier, determining if the packet is to be relayed to another of the at least two sub-networks based upon the application identifier, determining if a node receiving the packet is a broker node, relaying the packet to a broker node if not a broker node and forwarding, by the broker node, the packet to at least one node in another of the at least two sub-networks. The node generating the packet communicates using a first of the at least two sub-networks. A broker node communicates using at least two of the at least two sub-networks via a corresponding routable network addressing schemes for each of the sub-networks.

Abstract: Network traffic is monitored and an optimal framing heuristic is automatically determined and applied. Framing heuristics specify different rules for framing network traffic. While a framing heuristic is applied to the network traffic, alternative framing heuristics are speculatively evaluated for the network traffic. The results of these evaluations are used to rank the framing heuristics. The framing heuristic with the best rank is selected for framing subsequent network traffic. Each client/server traffic flow may have a separate framing heuristic. The framing heuristics may be deterministic based on byte count and/or time or based on traffic characteristics that indicate a plausible point for framing to occur.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for hash-based routing table management in a distributed network switch having multiple switch modules. Upon determining that an attempt to insert a first routing entry into a first hash table of the routing table has failed, a second routing entry, which exists in the first hash table, is attempted to be moved to a second hash table of the routing table. If the move attempt is successful, then the first routing entry is added to the location previously occupied by the second routing entry. If the move attempt is unsuccessful, then a third routing entry, which exists in the first hash table, is attempted to be moved.

Abstract: A method is provided in one example and includes receiving a request packet associated with a flow; designating an out of order sequence number range associated with the flow; creating an entry that designates the out of order sequence number range; receiving a subsequent packet that includes a particular sequence number range; referencing the out of order sequence number range; resolving a portion of the entry corresponding to the particular sequence number range for the subsequent packet; and forwarding the subsequent packet. In other embodiments, the request packet includes a content length field indicating the out of order sequence number range associated with the flow. Creating the entry can include creating a segment within a queue for the out of order sequence number range, which reflects expected sequence numbers for packets associated with the flow.

Abstract: A multiplexing apparatus stores fixed length data into which information signals supplied from channels are divided; determines an output channel by selecting the each channel cyclically; acquires the fixed length data from the output channel based on a channel multiplexing ratio number to store the fixed length data in a payload in turn; adds assignment information to the payload; and creates a multiplexing frame by using the payload to transmit to a transmission channel. A demultiplexing apparatus detects the assignment information from the payload of the multiplexing frame received to the transmission channel; creates distribution information for distributing the fixed length data to each channel based on the assignment information; detects the fixed length data from the payload to distribute the fixed length data to each channel based on the distribution information; and couples the fixed length data to reproduce the information signal.

Abstract: A network node or corresponding method of performing link aggregation reduces a number of Content Addressable Memory (CAM) entries required to make a forwarding decision for a given ingress flow, reducing cost, size, and power consumption of the CAM and accompanying static RAM. In one embodiment, an ingress flow is mapped to an egress flow identifier. Subsequently, the egress flow identifier is mapped to a member of an aggregated group associated with an egress interface based on information available in a given ingress flow. Finally, the given ingress flow is forwarded to the member of the aggregated group associated with the egress interface. A hashing technique or two lookups may be used alone or in combination in mapping the ingress flow to the egress flow identifier to reduce CAM memory usage.