Abstract: A method is provided for manufacture of an electrically conductive material, including the steps of: (a) providing a structure made of electrically conductive fibers, and (b) producing a carbon-based, electrically conductive matrix at least partially enveloping the electrically conductive fibers. Before or after producing the matrix, at least part of the electrically conductive fibers are interrupted in the direction of possible current flow. Electrically conductive materials obtained in corresponding manner are also provided. An emitter is specified that contains a transparent or translucent housing and an electrically conductive material according to the above. The electrically conductive materials have an increased electrical resistance. These allow emitters of virtually any length to be operated at customary line voltages.

Abstract: A terminal box includes: a main body (101); at least one pair of terminal strips (106) which are connectable to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a solar cell module; and a backflow prevention diode (118) bridged between the terminal strips (106) to connect the terminal strips (106). The terminal strip (106) and the backflow prevention diode (118) are contained in the main body (101). The terminal strip (106) includes: a supporting part (S) for supporting a lead wire (118a) of the backflow prevention diode (118) in a mounted state; a pinching part (K) for supporting the lead wire (118a) in a pinched state; and a recess (119B) which is provided between the supporting part (S) and the pinching part (K) and configured to position a connecting solder upon connecting the lead wire (118a) and the terminal strip (106).

Abstract: Disclosed is a connector structure keeping its waterproof property. Outside the first seal member closely contacting a shield connector and a shield electrical wire, tightening by a tightening member the shield electrical wire restricts an outer insulating cover of the shield electrical wire tightened and deformed by the seal member from being pressed outward. Tightening the shield electrical wire by the tightening member restricts the outer insulating cover deformed by the first seal member from moving and a so-called thinness of the cover of the electrical wire, enabling waterproof property to be maintained.

Abstract: A cable head of a cable of a cable fixing assembly includes a joint portion and a lock body. The lock body is disposed on two opposite side surfaces of one end of the joint portion and extends therefrom. A fixing board of a cable fixing assembly includes a joint hole, a no-return block and a hook. The joint hole is formed through the fixing board. The no-return block is formed adjacent to the joint hole and includes a guiding slope and a no-return surface. The hook is disposed on the fixing board to fix conductive stranded wires in the cable body. The joint portion and the lock body are inserted into the joint hole and are rotated by an angle, and the lock body moves on the guiding slope and then is locked by the no-return surface.

Abstract: A cable connection assembly includes an electrically conductive cable, an electrically conductive connector, and a flowable sealant. The electrical cable includes a conductor. The connector includes a connector body having an outer surface and a lengthwise connector axis. The connector body defines a conductor cavity receiving the conductor of the electrical cable. The connector further includes a sealant flow blocking wall on the connector body and extending radially outwardly from the outer surface of the connector body. The flowable sealant surrounds a portion of the connector body. The sealant flow blocking wall is configured to inhibit flow of the sealant on the outer surface along the lengthwise connector axis.

Abstract: The invention includes a touch film, a transparent substrate, a covering layer and an FFC. The touch film is transparent and flexible and has an upper conductive film on a bottom side thereof. The transparent substrate is adhered and superposed under the touch film and has a lower conductive film facing the upper conductive film. Peripheries of the upper and lower conductive films are provided with silver conductive paths, and ends of the silver conductive paths are formed with a first set of signal contacts. The covering layer is adhered on the touch film. The FFC has a second set of signal contacts corresponding to the first set of signal contacts. The touch film is formed with a recess over the first and second sets of signal contacts, and a width of the recess is slightly greater than that of the FFC.

Abstract: A charge assembly for incorporation into a downhole tool to induce pressure at an interior of the tool during a downhole application. The assembly includes a reactive powder metals that is particularly configured of a reaction rate slower than that of a high energy explosive directed at the application. Thus, upon triggering of the explosive and downhole application in a high pressure well environment, reaction of the powder metals may serve to substantially reduce any pressure differential at the tool. As such, shock related damage due to sudden introduction of pressure differential wave to the tool may be minimized.

Abstract: An automated rod manipulator system for moving a drill rod section from a storage magazine to a drill rig and connecting the drill rod to a drill string of the drill rig without manual manipulation of any parts. The automated rod manipulator system may comprise a magazine to store and dispense a plurality of drill rod sections, a carriage to convey one of the plurality of drill rod sections from the magazine to a transfer position; and a gripping arm coupled to a drill rig mast of a drilling rig, the gripping arm operable to convey one of the plurality of drill rod sections from a transfer position to a position aligned with a spindle center line of the drilling rig. The automated rod manipulator may also include a control system and an alignment assembly for aligning the drill rod section on a spindle centerline of the drill rig.

Abstract: A method of controlling a downhole operation includes: deploying a work string into a wellbore, the work string comprising a deployment string and a bottomhole assembly (BHA); digitally marking a depth of the BHA; and using the digital mark to perform the downhole operation.

Abstract: A method of detecting changes in return drilling fluid flow during drilling operations includes injecting at least one tracer gas at a measured rate into a return drilling fluid. A first sample of gases are extracted from the return drilling fluid at a location downstream of injection of the at least one tracer gas. A first concentration of the tracer gas in the first sample of gases is measured. A second sample of gases is extracted from the return drilling fluid at the location. A second concentration of the tracer gas in the second sample is measured. Changes in measured concentration of the tracer gas from the first and second samples are determined. The method includes using the change in measured concentration to infer a change in the flow rate.

Abstract: A sidewall coring apparatus for obtaining a plurality of formation cores from a sidewall of a wellbore includes a core catching tube configured to be sealed downhole and to store at least one of the formation cores therein. The core catching tubes includes a first end that may be sealed by a first sealing mechanism, and an opposite end that may be sealed by a second sealing mechanism. The core catching tube also includes a fluid evacuation port that may be sealed downhole.

Abstract: A method of using precipitated particles in a wellbore may comprise circulating a wellbore fluid in a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation, the wellbore fluid having a density of about 7 ppg to about 50 ppg and comprising a base fluid and a plurality of precipitated particles having a shape selected from the group consisting of ovular, substantially ovular, discus, platelet, flake, toroidal, dendritic, acicular, spiked with a substantially spherical or ovular shape, spiked with a discus or platelet shape, rod-like, fibrous, polygonal, faceted, star shaped, and any hybrid thereof.

Abstract: Mineral particles may provide for wellbore fluids with tailorable properties and capabilities, and methods relating thereto. Mineral particles may be utilized in a method that comprises introducing a wellbore fluid into a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation, the wellbore fluid comprising a base fluid and a plurality of mineral particles that comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of manganese carbonate, NixFe (x=2-3), copper oxide, and any combination thereof, the mineral particles having a median diameter between about 5 nm and about 5000 microns.

Abstract: Mineral particles may provide for wellbore fluids with tailorable properties and capabilities. Methods of using mineral particles may include circulating a wellbore fluid with a first density of about 7 ppg to about 50 ppg in a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation, the wellbore fluid comprising a base fluid, a plurality of first mineral particles, and a plurality of second mineral particles such that the first mineral particles and the second mineral particles are present in a first relative ratio, and the first mineral particles and the second mineral particles having a multiparticle specific gravity of about 3 to about 20; and changing the first relative ratio to a second relative ratio on-the-fly so as to yield the wellbore fluid with a second density.

Abstract: A rotary steerable drilling system may include a substantially non-rotating tool body, a rotatable shaft including at least one pivotable feature, where the rotatable shaft is at least partially disposed within the tool body, and a bias unit that alters the position of the rotatable shaft within the tool body. The rotary steerable drilling system may also include at least one force application member that alters the position of the tool body in the borehole. A downhole steering motor may include a rotor shaft with at least one pivotable joint, a steering motor housing, a bias unit that alters the position of the rotor shaft inside the steering motor housing, and at least one force application member that alters the position of the steering motor housing in a borehole.

Abstract: Mineral particles may provide for wellbore fluids with tailorable properties and capabilities. Such wellbore fluids may be included in systems that comprise a pump in fluid communication with a wellbore via a feed pipe; and a wellbore fluid disposed in at least one selected from the group consisting of the pump, the feed pipe, the wellbore, and any combination thereof, wherein the wellbore fluid comprises a base fluid, a plurality of first mineral particles, and a plurality of second mineral particles such that the first mineral particles and the second mineral particles having a multiparticle specific gravity of about 3 to about 20.

Abstract: Mineral particles may provide for wellbore fluids with tailorable properties and capabilities. Such mineral particles may be included as a portion of a wellbore drilling assembly that includes a pump in fluid communication with a wellbore via a feed pipe; and a wellbore fluid disposed in at least one selected from the group consisting of the pump, the feed pipe, the wellbore, and any combination thereof, wherein the wellbore fluid has a density of about 7 ppg to about 50 ppg and comprises a base fluid, a plurality of linkable mineral particles, and optionally a linking agent.

Abstract: A wellbore drilling assembly may include a pump in fluid communication with a wellbore via a feed pipe; and a wellbore fluid disposed in at least one selected from the group consisting of the pump, the feed pipe, the wellbore, and any combination thereof, wherein the wellbore fluid comprises a base fluid and a wellbore additive. In some instances, a wellbore additive may include first mineral particles having a specific gravity of about 2.6 to about 20; second mineral particles having a specific gravity of about 5.5 to about 20; lubricant particles having a specific gravity of about 2.6 to about 20; wherein the first mineral particles, the second mineral particles, and the lubricant particles are different; and wherein the first mineral particles, the second mineral particles, and the lubricant particles have a multiparticle specific gravity of about 3 to about 20.

Abstract: Precipitated mineral particles may provide for wellbore fluids with tailorable properties and capabilities. Such wellbore fluids may be included as a portion of a wellbore drilling assembly that includes a pump in fluid communication with a wellbore via a feed pipe; and a wellbore fluid disposed in at least one selected from the group consisting of the pump, the feed pipe, the wellbore, and any combination thereof, wherein the wellbore fluid has a density of about 7 ppg to about 50 ppg and comprises a base fluid and a plurality of precipitated particles having a shape selected from the group consisting of ovular, substantially ovular, discus, platelet, flake, toroidal, dendritic, acicular, spiked with a substantially spherical or ovular shape, spiked with a discus or platelet shape, rod-like, fibrous, polygonal, faceted, star-shaped, and any hybrid thereof.

Abstract: A drill pipe for oil and gas drilling comprises two tool joints and a main portion between the tool joints, with two upsets adjacent to the tool joints, and a central section between the upsets. The outer diameter of the central section of the main portion is less than the outer diameter of the main portion upsets, and the outer diameter of the central section of the main portion is between 4? and 4½?.

Abstract: A low profile, high capacity load cell suitable for use in connection with in motion weighing or other weighing scales and systems. Also disclosed are scales for use with the load cell, and systems for using the scales. The load cells are especially suited for use in high speed in-motion weighing.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to techniques that harness air/wind power to charge and/or re-charge a battery of a vehicle that is at least partially electrically powered. In certain example embodiments, air/wind enters into a channel formed in a vehicle and turns a turbine which, in turn, generates electricity that may be used to charge and/or re-charge a battery of the vehicle. In certain example embodiments, the velocity of the air/wind may be increased within the channel by virtue of features including, for example, retractable and/or directional vanes and/or side wall elements that help create constricting locations (or choke points). In certain example embodiments, the velocity of the air/wind may be increased within the channel by virtue of features that produce the Coanda effect. Thus, for instance, both the Venturi effect and the Coanda effect may be used to increase the efficiency of the overall system.

Abstract: A drive unit for an electric vehicle with an electric machine for driving an axle of the electric vehicle. The electric machine is arranged in a housing with a driveshaft for transmitting torque from the electric machine to an axle of the electric vehicle. At least one mounting system is provided for mounting the drive unit to a body of the electric vehicle. The housing (1a) of the drive unit is designed as the mounting system for the drive unit on a body of the electric vehicle. A method for fixing a drive unit in an electric vehicle, and a drive system for an electric vehicle with a drive unit are also disclosed.

Abstract: A vehicular motor drive device is provided with an electric motor and a speed reducer having two gear trains capable of switching a fixed gear ratio. Driving force curves, which are determined depending on an output characteristic of the motor and represent a relationship between an output rotation speed in the respective gear train and an output torque, which is obtainable maximally at such output rotation speed, have a constant torque curve section, a gradually decreasing torque curve section and a constant speed curve section. The gear trains have respective speed reduction ratios such that the driving force curve of a gear train having a larger speed reduction ratio and the driving force curve of a gear train having a smaller speed reduction ratio continue to and partially overlap with each other in the gradually decreasing torque curve sections.

Abstract: An apparatus for facilitating passenger exercise may comprise one or more pedals provided arranged to be operated by a passenger of a vehicle and allow the passenger to exert pressure on the pedal, while occupying a passenger seat of the vehicle. A compression unit coupled to the at least one pedal to receive the exerted pressure on the at least one pedal. The compression unit may function in at least one of a passive mode or an active mode. The apparatus may further comprise one or more handles operable by a passenger of a vehicle to exercise, and configured to allow the passenger to pool the one more handles, while occupying a seat of the vehicle. A string may be coupled to the one or more handles, and may be applicable to receive a force resulting from pooling the handle. A pulley may be operable to receive the string.

Abstract: An electromechanical control system of an electric bike integrating a smart mobile device and cloud services therewith enables a controller of the electric bike to independently monitor and control operation of an electric motor, is integrated with an external smart mobile device with a communication interface thereof, configures cycling control parameters of the controller with the externally available cycling control parameters through an user interface provided by the smart mobile device to adapt to cyclists' physical strength. Cycling information and bike information can be displayed on the smart mobile device or make them openly available through the online function of the smart mobile device for cyclists to easily record or manage related information during bike cycling.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sensor arrangement structure for a motorcycle includes a vehicle body frame, an internal combustion engine suspended on the vehicle body frame between front and rear wheels and exhaust pipes extending toward a rear side in the longitudinal direction of a vehicle from a front side of the internal combustion engine in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in a state where the exhaust pipes extend below the internal combustion engine. Exhaust gas sensors are arranged on upper halves of the exhaust pipes arranged between the internal combustion engine and the bottom frame portions as viewed from a front side in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in a state where the exhaust gas sensors are sandwiched between the internal combustion engine and the bottom frame portions as viewed from a front side in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

Abstract: This invention comprises a frame for an electric motorcycle. Electric motorcycles have vastly different component requirements compared to internal combustion engine motorcycles, and, therefore, require a radical redesign of the frame in order to maximize the efficiency of the system.

Abstract: In a vehicle steering system provided in a vehicle in which a high-voltage battery is provided, a clutch mechanism is mechanically disconnected and the intermediate shaft falls, after a collision of the vehicle is detected. An ECU detects the collision of the vehicle based on an acceleration that is input, and then detects contraction of the column shaft and disconnection of the clutch mechanism based on an ON signal of a microswitch. Thereafter, the ECU is able to continue to rotationally drive an electric motor based on a steering angle signal that is output from a steering angle sensor provided on the column shaft, and that is electrically insulated through a photo coupler, and thus the ECU causes the vehicle to travel and stop.

Abstract: The present invention relates to all terrain vehicles having at least a pair of laterally spaced apart seating surfaces. More particularly, the present invention relates to side-by-side all terrain vehicles having plural rows of seats.

Abstract: A motorcycle including a vehicle body frame with a single down frame extending downwardly and rearwardly from a head pipe supporting a front fork in a steerable manner. An engine main body arranged behind the down frame, said engine main body being mounted on the vehicle body frame. A pair of left and right radiators arranged separately on left and right sides of the down frame respectively, said pair of left and right radiators being supported on the vehicle body frame in front of the engine main body. Exhaust pipes connected to front portions of an engine main body with a down frame and a pair of left and right radiators being arranged side by side in a left-right direction wherein the exhaust pipes are located between at least one of the pair of left and right radiators and the down frame in a vehicle front view.

Abstract: A materials handling vehicle is provided comprising: a frame; wheels supported on the frame; a traction motor coupled to one of the wheels to effect rotation of the one wheel; a speed control element operable by an operator to define a speed control signal corresponding to a desired speed of the traction motor; a system associated with a steerable wheel to effect angular movement of the steerable wheel; and control apparatus coupled to the speed control element to receive the speed control signal, and coupled to the traction motor to generate a drive signal to the traction motor in response to the speed control signal to control the operation of the traction motor. The control apparatus may determine an acceleration value for the traction motor based on at least one of an angular position of the steerable wheel, a speed of the traction motor and a current position of the speed control element as defined by the speed control signal.

Abstract: An electrical power-steering system for motor-vehicles includes a first pinion and a second pinion meshing with two portions of a rack member which controls the steering angle of the wheels. The two pinions are driven by respective electric motors which are in turn controlled by an electronic control unit. The two portions of the rack member are constituted by two separate elements connected to each other by a connection member interposed therebetween, such that the first and second portions of the rack member behave like a single rigid element when they are driven with identical displacements in a steering maneuver, whereas the connection member allows for a relative movement in the longitudinal direction of the first and second portions of the rack member, with a resulting lengthening or shortening of the rack member, when the first and second portions of the rack member are driven with differentiated displacements in an operative mode for adjustment of the convergence angle of the wheels.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine exhaust cone (40) comprising one or more acoustic absorption chambers (48), each chamber (48) comprising two side walls (50) and an acoustic attenuation wall (62). The side walls (50) define the circumferential extent of the chamber (48). The acoustic attenuation wall (62) has one or more acoustic attenuators (64) and is positioned circumferentially intermediate the side walls (50). The side walls (50) extend axially along the exhaust cone (40) at least one of them with a circumferential progression. The acoustic attenuation wall (62) extends axially along the exhaust cone (40) with or without a circumferential progression.

Abstract: A multi-functional lifting device, comprising a lifting device body; a power source; an electromagnetic DC motor; a decelerator connected to the DC motor; a main moving wheel positioned on an output axle of the decelerator; a rope element twined into the main moving wheel; a resilient wheel brake unit on one side of the main moving wheel locking the rope element into position; an intermediate wheel having a rope groove complementary to the rope groove of the main moving wheel; and a speed control module and a PCB board connected to the DC motor. The multi-functional lifting device is capable of providing controllable upward and downward movement when the power to the DC motor is connected or disconnected to the power source.

Abstract: Device (1) for securing portable steps in building and civil engineering works, which enhances the safety thereof, minimizing the risk of falling. This device is affixed to the longitudinal members (4) or crossmembers (5) of the steps and to the support article (3), using clips. In order to affix the clips securely, the device (1) rotates and moves the clips in the three spatial axes (X,Y,Z). In order for it to be possible to correctly affix the device to different articles, be these of different form or material, there are likewise different support elements (28). The device is removable and more than one thereof can be used on the same steps. This device secures portable steps to articles such as floor slabs, sloping roofs, pillars, posts or trees.

Abstract: A ladder accessory that is used with a ladder that extends out from the side of the ladder to provide footing for a worker. The accessory comprises an elongated rectangular open box structure defining at least one set of two parallel ladder rail channels that are placed crosswise (perpendicular) to the length of the box structure and are spaced apart a distance such that one of said channels can engage one rail of a ladder and the other channel can engage the other rail and both channels engage a rung. The rectangular elongated box defines two side walls that contain single hook key slots that can be engaged with rungs of the ladder when the accessory is placed lengthwise parallel to the rails of the ladder and, with a rung lock mechanism, can be fastened to the ladder and carried with the ladder.

Abstract: A ladder including a first stringer and a second stringer spaced transverse from each other is provided. Each of the first and second stringers defines a channel and includes a plurality of crosspieces disposed in the channels of the first and second stringers. A plurality of rungs are spaced along and coupled between the first and second stringers. Each of the rungs has a horizontal portion and a vertical portion extending from the first stringer to the second stringer. A plurality of ribs are spaced along and coupled between the horizontal and vertical portions of the rungs.

Abstract: A method of controlling a lubricator apparatus, according to one illustrative embodiment, comprises: receiving a signal representing rotation of a lubricant applicator in rotatable engagement with an object to be lubricated; and causing the lubricator apparatus to dispense lubricant through the lubricant applicator to the object to be lubricated in response to the signal. A method of communication, according to another illustrative embodiment, comprises: receiving, at a communication apparatus, a plurality of input operational property signals; transmitting an output operational property signal from the communication apparatus to a data collection apparatus, the output operational property signal representing at least one of the measurements; receiving, at the communication apparatus, an input control signal; and controlling at least one device of the system in response to the input control signal.

Abstract: Diverting pulley arrangement, more particularly a diverting pulley arrangement of an elevator, which arrangement includes an axle, at least one diverting pulley that rotates while supported on the axle, a faceplate structure, in relation to which and supported by which the diverting pulley is arranged to rotate on the first side of the faceplate structure, which axle is locked so that it does not rotate by the aid of a locking element that moves in relation to the faceplate structure, which locking element is on the second side of the faceplate structure. When it starts to rotate, the end of the axle forces the locking element to displace out of its position and to trip a safety switch.

Abstract: An emergency power supply for a traction elevator system utilizes a microprocessor-based control arrangement with pulse-width modulator technology to create an efficient, cost-effective back-up power system for a traction elevator. The microprocessor-based control arrangement is used to sense a power loss, or any type of irregularity in the power supply. Upon sensing some type of power malfunction, the microprocessor-based control arrangement disconnects the elevator system from the main power source and then generates a control signal to initiate the supply of back-up power. Once the elevator electrical system has been recharged and stabilized, the microprocessor-based control arrangement will sense that recovery has occurred and will then provide an appropriate speed and direction command to the traction motor drive system.

Abstract: An elevator lantern apparatus uses a snap-fit assembly and disassembly configuration where the lantern apparatus includes components such as a tray, a lens, and a control board having one or more illuminating features. These components are configured to assemble through an opening in a surface such as a wall. In some versions, assembly and disassembly is done without the use of tools. In some versions, disassembly of the lantern apparatus is done from the front side of the lantern apparatus by removing the lens to access other components.

Abstract: The invention includes a passive shaft, having a first gear and an outer thread; a fixed disc, being axially passed through by the passive shaft, having a sleeve located at a center thereof; a ratchet, being a hollow body around the sleeve, and having two friction discs separately on two opposite sides thereof, wherein a first bearing is put around the sleeve and sandwiched between the fixed disc and the ratchet; a second gear, having an inner thread screwed onto the outer thread and an annular wall at a center thereof, wherein a second bearing is received in the annular wall and sandwiched between the second gear and the ratchet; and a pushing disc, movably put around the annular wall, and sandwiched between the ratchet and the second gear.

Abstract: A disc brake, in particular for a commercial vehicle, including a brake caliper, which reaches over a brake disc and in which brake pads are positioned that can be pressed against the brake disc on both sides by means of at least one brake application device and that each have a lining carrier plate and a friction lining fastened thereto. The brake application device has at least one brake piston that acts on the lining carrier plate at the end face of the brake piston. The disc brake is designed such that at least one of the brake pads is supported in an articulated, preferably pivotable, manner in the radial direction of the brake disc.

Abstract: A disc brake for a commercial vehicle includes a brake caliper which takes the form of a sliding caliper and straddles a brake disc. In the caliper, brake pads are arranged on an actuation side and a reaction side, which pads can be pressed against both sides of the brake disc by an actuation device during braking The reaction-side brake pad is supported on a rear-side wall of the brake caliper by a pad carrier plate carrying a friction pad, and a gap is formed in a non-operational position in a region facing an assembly opening of the brake caliper between the rear-side wall of the brake caliper and the reaction-side brake pad. The gap is wider than the adjacent region and the length of the gap corresponds at least to the length of the contact surface of the reaction-side wall on the pad carrier plate when braking is applied. The disc brake is disposed such that the gap is formed by at least one recess in the pad carrier plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a disc brake, in particular for utility vehicles, comprising a brake lining that comprises a first protrusion located eccentrically in the thickness direction, a tensioning unit for pressing the brake lining against a brake disc, a pressure plate, via which the tensioning unit presses the brake lining against the brake disc when braking, and a first retainer spring for retaining the brake lining, which retainer spring comprises an opening for accommodating the first protrusion, wherein a projection on the retainer spring extends in the mounted state over the brake lining on one side in the axial direction of the brake disc.

Abstract: An improved self-adjusting automatic slack adjuster for reducing slack in the brake of a vehicle is provided, in which an easily accessible external operating feature permits the automatic slack adjuster's one-way clutch assembly to be readily disengaged to allow smooth release and retraction of the brake shoes of a vehicle brake without damage to the one-way teeth of the clutch assembly. When the external feature is operated in a brake release direction, the motion of the feature is translated into a motion which axially displaces an output part of the one-way clutch away from an input part of the clutch a distance sufficient to disengage the parts' one-way teeth, thereby disengaging the one-way clutch to permit brake shoe retraction without resistance from the one-way clutch.

Abstract: [Summary] [Object] This invention is to provide a steel back plate and a disc brake pad for a brake pad of such as an automotive car, where the back plate improves the adhesive strength between the friction material and the back plate and the disc brake pad has sufficient adhesive strength. [Means to Resolve] The steel back plate for the disc brake pad has the compound layer with the depth of 5 ?m to 20 ?m that is formed by a gas nitriding method or a gas soft nitriding method on the back plate surface on which the friction material is adhered. The compound layer has a porous layer with a thickness of 40% or more than a depth of a compound layer at the front surface layer side of the compound layer and the thickness of the oxide layer formed on the surface layer is 1 ?m or less.

Abstract: A lock-up device basically includes a piston, a first plate, a second plate, a plurality of outer peripheral side torsion springs and a plurality of inner peripheral side torsion springs. The piston is configured to press a friction member that is fixed to a lateral surface of the piston onto a front cover or release pressing of the friction member. Further, the piston has a plurality of engaging portions formed by partially bending the piston towards the turbine. The second plate is coupled to the turbine. The outer peripheral side torsion springs are disposed between the piston and the first plate. The outer peripheral side torsion springs are configured to transmit torque from the piston to the first plate while the circumferential ends thereof are engaged with the engaging portions of the piston.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dual clutch device which comprises: a retainer portion to which a rotation force is transmitted; a pair of plate portions provided to the retainer portion; disc portions which are respectively arranged at the plate portions; a herb portion connected to the disc portion; piston portions which respectively apply pressure to the plate portions; driving portions which respectively move the piston portions; and a restoration portion which is arranged between the driving portions and provides a restoration force to the piston portions. The dual clutch device, according to the invention, uses one restoration portion, thereby simplifying a flow path and reducing the size of a product.