Abstract: A system, comprising a seal segment including a cable fastener. The system also includes a syngas cooler component that includes a cable guide, where the cable guide may route a cable coupled to the cable fastener to enable the cable to pull the seal segment into a mounting position.

Abstract: An apparatus for retaining a package of laminations of an electromagnetic core in a device (3) for the production thereof that is mounted into a panel (1) arranged at a distance from a yoke (2) of said device (3) for the production of individual laminations (4) and mutual joining of same into a package (5), wherein it comprises peripheral units like an aggregate for pressurized hydraulic oil, sensors, control unit and ejector.

Abstract: An HSA transport comb includes an alignment pin extending from the comb body into a tooling hole of the actuator arm, and a separator finger in contact with a suspension assembly of an HGA with the transport comb in a second angular orientation with respect to the actuator arm, but not in a first angular orientation. The transport comb includes a restraining tower extending into a mass-reduction opening of the actuator arm. The restraining tower includes a first lobe that fits within the mass-reduction opening with the transport comb in the first angular orientation, but not with the transport comb in the second angular orientation. The restraining tower also includes a first neck that fits within the mass-reduction opening with the transport comb in either angular orientation, and has a neck height that is greater than the actuator arm thickness.

Abstract: A tool for compressing a connector onto a coaxial cable includes a pair of gates, a plunger for compressing the connector against the gates and onto the coaxial cable, and an actuator in communication with the gates and the plunger. When the actuator is moved from a first position to a second position, it causes the gates to move from an open to a closed position in which they retain the coaxial cable and brace the connector, and the plunger moves from a first position to a second position in which it engages the connector to compress the connector against the gates and onto the coaxial cable. When the actuator is moved back to its first position, the gates move to their open position thereby releasing the coaxial cable and the plunger moves to its first position thereby disengaging from the connector.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are described for inserting angle plates in transverse duct flanges. The apparatus is especially useful in inserting angle plates into transverse duct flanges of duct fittings. Packages for holding angle plates are also described.

Abstract: Systems and methods electrically connect a first electronic device or electrical component, having a external electrical connector, to a circuit board of a second electronic device. A low-cost, user-installable connection system isolates mechanical stresses imposed on the external electrical connector to within the user-installable connection system, thereby preventing the mechanical stresses from reaching the circuit board in the second electronic device. If the connection becomes faulty, only the low-cost, user-installable connection system must be replaced.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a laminate circuit board which includes the sequential steps of metalizing the substrate to form the base layer, forming the first circuit metal layer, forming at least one insulation layer and at least one second circuit metal layer interleaved, removing the substrate, forming the support frame and forming the solder resist is disclosed. The laminate circuit board has a thickness less than 150 ?m. The support frame which does not overlap the first circuit metal layer is formed on the edge of the base layer by the pattern transfer process after the substrate is removed. The base layer formed of at least one metal layer is not completely removed. The support frame provides enhanced physical support for the entire laminate circuit board without influence on the electrical connection of the circuit in the second circuit metal layer, thereby solving the warping problem.

Abstract: A method of making a stimulation lead includes attaching multiple segmented electrodes to a carrier. Each of the segmented electrodes has a curved form extending over an arc in the range of 10 to 345 degrees. The method further includes attaching conductors to the segmented electrodes; forming the carrier into a cylinder with segmented electrodes disposed within the cylinder; molding a lead body around the segmented electrodes disposed on the carrier; and removing at least a portion of the carrier to separate the segmented electrodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a procedure for repair of high pressure turbine blades of an aircraft engine, with the steps:—separating a damaged section of the high pressure turbine blade; and—generating a section to replace the separated section on or upon the high pressure turbine blade by means of laser beam generation from the powder bed, as well as a high pressure turbine blade.

Abstract: A method for forming at least one cooling channel in a wall which is cooled by cool air flowing in the channel is provided. The channel includes a hole and a diffusion portion, the hole opening out at one end into the inside surface of the wall, and at its other end into the diffusion portion where it forms an orifice. The diffusion portion flares around the orifice and opens out into the outside surface of the wall. The diffusion portion has a bottom whose front end is substantially plane, sloping, and extending in front of the orifice, and also has a margin extending behind, round the sides, and in front of the orifice, the margin joining the sides of the front end.

Abstract: A solar energy collecting module includes a frame that is assembled without using screws. The peripheral frame components are joined together using locking links and one or more ribs extend along the back side of the solar panel and are coupled to opposed sides of the frame. The ribs are coupled to the frames by an edge key fastener that includes opposed first flanges and opposed second flanges, the first flanges separated from the second flanges by a gap. The edge key fastener is inserted into an opening formed in a side wall of a frame component and rotated such that the opposed first flanges are disposed behind the side wall and within the frame and the opposed second flanges are received in a corresponding cavity formed in each of opposed ends of the rib.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger comprising at least one heat conducting conduit for passage of a first medium and at least one block of an open cell porous medium for passage of a second medium. The method comprises providing at least one groove in the open cell porous medium. Thereafter, the porous medium is bent in a direction such that at least part of the grooves are opened and heat conducting conduits are applied in this at least one opened groove. Thereafter, the porous medium is rebend such that the heat conducting conduits are locked in said open cell porous medium.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a toothed part including a bottom surface portion and a side wall portion provided to extend upright from an outer peripheral end portion of the bottom surface portion, the side wall portion being formed with teeth. The manufacturing method includes a half drawing process of performing draw shaping on a material having a disk shape to form the bottom surface portion and the side wall portion, an inside diameter of which becomes larger in a direction away from the bottom surface portion; and a tooth shaping process of forming the teeth in the side wall portion.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a vehicle wheel is suggested in which the vehicle wheel can provide function and effect of preventing molding defects during molding of an outer rim portion and/or an inner rim portion having sound absorbing spaces 25 and of reducing acoustic cavity noise that occurs in a tire-internal space by use of the sound absorbing spaces. After a separation groove having a curved shape groove bottom surface 55a is formed between a ring-shaped wall portion and partition wall portions, the ring-shaped wall portion is bent toward a flange portion, and the ring-shaped wall portion and the flange portion are welded together. The sound absorbing spaces which communicate with each other via communication gaps defined according to the separation groove are thereby formed in the outer rim portion and/or the inner rim portion.

Abstract: A system including a method and associated structures creates efficiencies in the manufacture of prosthetic tooth support frameworks. Pre-manufactured teeth with matching internal keys are used in the setup of a patient prototype. Each key includes a shaft, a cervical platform, a retention knob and preferably at least one channel for the expulsion of excess adhesive fluid. The cervical platforms are shaped to provide intimate contact with a base of their respective tooth. The same tooth/key pairs are then used to make a framework pattern from the setup positioning. The pattern can be cast or scanned for direct machining to produce the finished framework.

Abstract: A dental implant device for insertion into a bore defined in bone for use with a prosthetic tooth or dental appliance includes an abutment with a plurality of male keys disposed about the distal end of the abutment capable of being affixed to the prosthetic tooth or dental appliance, an implantable anchor having a proximal and distal end, a plurality of female keyways defined into the proximal end of the anchor, the keyways capable of coupling to the male keys of the abutment and thereby preventing relative rotation of the abutment and anchor; an interlocking thread helically defined around a longitudinal axis of the anchor, the thread being adapted to couple to the bore defined in the bone and means for coupling the abutment to the implant anchor.

Abstract: A method for installing an interior structure for a mobile platform is provided. The method may involve carrying a lightweight collapsible frame through a man-door of a mobile platform while the collapsible frame is in a collapsed state. The collapsed frame may then be expanded to provide at least a portion of a load bearing frame for a mobile platform interior structure. A plurality of interchangeable panels may be attached to the collapsible frame to form interior surfaces of the mobile platform interior structure.

Abstract: In one embodiment the present invention includes a solar panel clamp system for mounting solar panels on ground-level and raised purlins. Such systems include left-handed and right-hand clamps that can be attached to opposite sides of solar panel assemblies that include mounting frames. Left-handed clamps can attach to the mounting frame of a solar panel and include surfaces that can rest on the top surfaces of purlins and include a lip or shelf surface onto which the right-handed clamps of a mounting frame of a neighboring solar panel can rest to increase the speed and safety of installing solar panels on raised purlins. Through holes in the left-handed and right-handed clamps can then be used as guide holes for drilling into the purlins. The majority of, if not all of, the solar panel installation using the clamps of the present invention can be completed from underneath the raised purlins.

Abstract: A low volatile organic emission method for making a door using a liquid hardenable flowable material. The liquid hardenable flowable material expands upon contact with a blowing agent forming a foam, wherein the liquid material is formed from plant materials, and a door formed from the method. The method forms a door with sound deadening qualities, increased impact resistance, and resistance to burning and capable of sustaining at least hurricane force winds without deforming.

Abstract: A coating removal tool used for an optical fiber includes: a base; and a pair of arm members extending in one direction from the base. Also, the arm members, each of which comprises an elastically deformable deformation portion on a base side, and an operation portion which is closer to a tip end side than the deformation portion, contact portions in a wedge shape are provided on the inner sides of operation portions, respectively, the inner sides opposing to each other so that tip edges of contact portions oppose to each other, and grip portions are provided outside the operation portions, respectively, and a coating of an optical fiber is configured to be removed by pulling out the optical fiber in a state where the tip edges of the contact portions are brought into contact with the optical fiber disposed along an extending direction of the arm members.

Abstract: A power tool includes a motor, a pipe holder configured to support a pipe, and a cutting mechanism coupled to the pipe holder. The cutting mechanism is movable relative to the pipe holder. The power tool also includes a drive mechanism coupled to the cutting mechanism and the motor to move the cutting mechanism from a starting position toward the pipe holder to cut the pipe. The drive mechanism includes a first member operable to disengage a second member to allow movement of the cutting mechanism to the starting position.

Abstract: A surgical knife safety handle device comprises a handle body being essentially solid. A movable guard engages with the body for longitudinal movement between an extended position and a retracted position. The guard encloses a knife blade. The operation is an intuitive push/pull to extend or retract guard. The guard is formed of a clear material with a low profile that does not interfere with vision in use. The guard includes a leaf spring. The spring has a hemispherical protrusion on its underside that engages with a slot on the handle for positive engagement and an audible “click” when it seats.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cutting tape on a hockey stick blade is disclosed. The apparatus includes a body for holding the apparatus, a ski including a front edge and a bottom surface, and a cutting blade arranged generally upright relative to the bottom surface of the ski. The cutting blade may include a cutting edge disposed at an acute angle relative to the bottom surface of the ski, the cutting edge positioned proximate to the front edge of the ski.

Abstract: A machine vision vehicle wheel alignment system for acquiring measurements associated with a vehicle. The system includes at least one imaging sensor having a field of view and at least one optical target secured to a wheel assembly on a vehicle within the field of view of the imaging sensor. The optical target includes a plurality of visible target elements disposed on at least two surfaces in a determinable geometric and spatial configuration which are calibrated prior to use. A processing unit in the system is configured to receive at least two sets of image data from the imaging sensor, with each set of image data acquired at a different rotational position of the wheel assembly around an axis of rotation and representative of at least one visible target element on each of the two surfaces, from which the processing unit is configured to identify said axis of rotation of the wheel assembly.

Abstract: A measuring staff (10) has a upper section (11) including a first elongated member (12) which can carry in a fixed position therealong a laser detector of a laser leveling system or a sighting marker of an optical measuring system, and a second elongated member (13) telescopically extendable and retractable relative to the first member (12), a graduated scale (18) on the first member (13) and a pointer (17) on the second member which indicates the extension or retraction of the second member (13) relative to the first member (12), a spring (20) for urging the second member (13) outwardly from the first member (11), the second member (13) being selectively lockable to the first member, and an extension section (14,15) at the lower end of the upper section and extendable therefrom.

Abstract: A portable articulated arm coordinate measuring machine for measuring the coordinates of an object in space is provided. The AACMM includes a base and a arm portion having an opposed first end and second end. The arm portion includes a plurality of connected arm segments, each arm segment including at least one position transducer for producing a position signal. An electronic circuit is provided that receives the position signal from the at least one position transducer. A probe member is disposed is coupled to the first end. A noncontact three-dimensional measuring device is coupled to the probe member, the device having an electromagnetic radiation transmitter and is configured to determine a distance to an object based at least in part on the propagation time of the emitted and reflected light beams.

Abstract: A measuring device for a telescopic handling arm, in which the telescopic handling arm includes at least two elements (1, 2) that are mounted to slide relative to each other, includes measuring elements for measuring the extension of the telescopic arm. The device further includes calculation elements (4) for calculating the extension of the movable portion (2) of the telescopic arm using the hydraulic characteristics of a hydraulic telescoping actuator (3), and the device further includes adjuster elements for adjusting the calculated movements via a signal transmitted by at least one element (5, 6) for contactless identification of the position of the movable portion (2) of the telescopic arm.

Abstract: The cylindrical ruler is an elongated, hollow, cylindrical tube of known diameter having an axial slit extending the length of the tube. Indicia defining a circumferential scale are disposed around one end of the tube for measuring the length of an arc. Indicia defining a ruled scale extend lengthwise down the tube adjacent the slit for measuring length and width. Since the tube has a known diameter, it may be used to measure the inner or outer diameter of a pipe, the outer diameter or radius of curvature of a cylindrical lens, etc. The tube may also be used as a drawing tool to draw arcs, circles, or rectilinear lines on a cylindrical object. Preferably, the cylindrical ruler is furnished as a plurality of cylindrical tubes of progressively increasing diameter that can telescope within each other for storage and transport in a protective case.

Abstract: A dryer burner apparatus includes a gas supply line that is fluidly coupled to a gas supply. A burner tube is fluidly coupled the gas supply line and has a top side and a bottom side. The burner tube has a plurality of apertures extending therethrough and the apertures are positioned in the bottom side. An air mixer is positioned below the burner tube. The air mixer has a plurality of air openings extending therethrough. A blower directs air upwardly to the burner tube so that the air can be heated by the burner tube.

Abstract: A method of controlling and enhancing the nucleation of product in a freeze dryer, wherein the product is maintained at a predetermined temperature and pressure in a chamber of the freeze dryer, and a predetermined volume of condensed frost is created on an inner surface of a condenser chamber separate from the product chamber and connected thereto by a vapor port. The condenser chamber has a predetermined pressure that is greater than that of the product chamber. The opening of the vapor port into the product chamber creates gas turbulence that breaks down the condensed frost into ice crystals that rapidly enter the product chamber for even distribution therein to create uniform and rapid nucleation of the product in different areas of the product chamber.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a unidirectional multi-path kiln with two or more chambers and generally parallel flow paths extending through the kiln, on opposite sides, from charge entry portals at a first end of the kiln to charge exit portals at a second end of the kiln. Moist heated air flowing from the second heated chamber is received in the first chamber and circulated around the lumber charges with one or more fans. The lumber charges proceed in the same direction on the flow paths through the heated second chamber, which may be an existing kiln. Charge exit portals at the distal end of the kiln and/or intermediate charge portals between the second chamber and a third chamber may be provided with insulating members configured to reduce airflow from the second chamber through the charge exit portals.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a drying method by which both cost reduction and superior physical properties can be attained in a step which comprises subjecting a water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer obtained by polymerizing an aqueous monomer solution to fine granulation during or after the polymerization, and drying the resultant particulate water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer with a through-circulation band dryer. The method has a feature in that the drying conditions over a period from a time of introducing the particulate water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer into a drying zone of the through-circulation band dryer to a time of reaching a solid content concentration thereof to 80% by weight, satisfy that (1) a difference of temperature between a temperature of hot air blown to a particulate hydrogel layer and a temperature measured after the hot air passes through the particulate hydrogel layer is 20 to 70° C.

Abstract: A laundry treating appliance treats a laundry load according to at least one cycle of operation. A rotatable drum defines a treating chamber and includes an open face through which access is provided to the treating chamber. An air system supplies air to and exhausts air from the treating chamber and includes an airflow portal adjacent the open face and in fluid communication with the treating chamber. A door includes a panel with a flat surface, the door selectively movable to prevent access through the open face, and the flat surface facing the treating chamber when the door closes the open face. A deflector extends away from the flat surface and at least partially overlies the airflow portal when the door closes the open face. The deflector deflects items in the laundry load away from the airflow portal when the door is closed.

Abstract: A sandal that includes loops extending around the periphery of the base of the sandal and a strap configured to connect to the loops and form an upper portion of the sandal. The sandals can include a base; a continuous cord that extends along the periphery of the upper surface of the base from a point near the toe end on one side of the base, around the heel end, and continues to a point near the toe end on the opposite side of the base; connectors that connect the cord to the base at spaced locations along the cord to thereby form loops along the base; and a strap. Each loop of the sandal can also include an identifier for each loop. Methods of forming an upper portion of a sandal and methods of forming a sandal.

Abstract: A tendon assembly for an article of footwear is disclosed. The tendon assembly includes a tendon positioned between a base layer and a cover layer in a non-bonded manner such that the tendon may move freely within the layers. The tendon assembly may be rigidly secured to a shoe upper. One end of the tendon may be rigidly secured at or near the sole of the footwear. A second portion of the tendon may be integrated with a fastening system of the footwear such that the tendon may pull the footwear upper snugly against a wearer's foot to provide added support.

Abstract: A snow plow for attachment to a vehicle, the snow plow including a mounting apparatus having at least one mounting upright. The snow plow further including a plow blade including a retention apparatus constructed and arranged to slidingly and disengageably secure the plow blade to the mounting upright(s) when the plow blade is in a working orientation. The plow blade includes a limiting apparatus that limits upward movement of the retention apparatus. Preferably, the limiting apparatus includes a retention pin that can be secured within one of a plurality of vertically spaced apertures in the mounting upright(s) such that vertical positioning of the retention pin is adjustable. The snow plow further preferably includes a hoist or lifting upright having a lifting assembly, wherein the lifting assembly can raise the plow blade off of the ground.

Abstract: A kit for modifying a digging bucket for controlling the depth cut, including an elongated member operationally connectable to a hoe bucket defining a cutting edge, an actuator operationally connectable to the elongated member, an electronic controller operationally connectable to the actuator, and a position sensor operationally connectable to the cutting edge and operationally connectable to the electronic controller. The actuator may be energized to pivot the elongated member to a position adjacent the cutting edge for engaging ground. Positioning of the elongated member adjacent the cutting edge prevents the cutting edge from digging ground.

Abstract: A kit for modifying a digging bucket for controlling the depth cut, including an elongated member operationally connectable to a hoe bucket defining a cutting edge, an actuator operationally connectable to the elongated member, an electronic controller operationally connectable to the actuator, and a position sensor operationally connectable to the cutting edge and operationally connectable to the electronic controller. The actuator may be energized to pivot the elongated member to a position adjacent the cutting edge for engaging ground. Positioning of the elongated member adjacent the cutting edge prevents the cutting edge from digging ground.

Abstract: An excavating bucket includes a cutting edge having inclined parts at its left and right ends, a plurality of adapters fixed to the distal end side of the cutting edge, corner adapters that are fixed to the inclined parts provided to the left and right ends on the cutting edge on the distal end side, whose distal end positions are disposed on the same line as the distal end positions of the plurality of center adapters, and that have recesses into which side plates are inserted, and joint portions where the corner adapters are joined to only the cutting edge by continuous weld.

Abstract: A ground engaging tip of a tooth assembly for a base edge of a ground engaging implement, is provided, wherein the tooth assembly includes an adapter configured for attachment to a base edge of the ground engaging implement and having a forwardly extending adapter nose. The adapter nose and an adapter cavity of the tip may be configured with surfaces to increase retention when downward forces are applied to the tip.

Abstract: The invention relates to a replaceable end bit for a soil-working tool, which end bit is retained by friction and wherein, at its trailing edge, the end bit is provided with one or more openings that is/are oriented rearwardly relative to the end bit and for receiving couplers from a holder part. The openings may have rounded faces, and the faces may face towards each other. The distance between the rounded faces is increased with the distance from the trailing edge of the end bit. The invention also relates to a holder part for a replaceable end bit for a soil-working tool, which end bit is retained by friction, and wherein the holder part is provided with pairs of protruding couplers, which protruding couplers are provided with a space, where the distance between the two protruding couplers is reduced with the distance from their end faces.

Abstract: A container comprising a substantially rigid body formed at least partially of transparent material and having a neck defining an opening providing access to the container cavity, and a bag positioned in the interior of the body. The bag being formed of thermoplastic material and having a neck from which there radially extends a flange which rests on a free edge of the neck of the body and defines a hole for providing access to the cavity of the bag and for sealedly housing the body of a hermetic pump operable manually to withdraw the fluid substance from the bag and feed it to the outside through its dispensing stem. The bag being formed by hot blow moulding of a preform positioned directly within the container. A decorative and/or informative sheet detached from the opening being interposed between said container and said bag, and being visible from the outside of the container.

Abstract: A signage system (10) including one or more visual display devices (11), each mounted for display behind the windshield (15) of one or more parked and ignition-off vehicles (16). Each sign (11) has a visual display surface (12) that is capable of forming an illuminated graphic display (13) on the visual display surface (12). The visual display surface (12) would be visible to observers in front of the vehicle (16). The system (10) includes wireless communication hardware (60) that allows the visual display (11) to be programmed by a remote programming device (41). Each of the display devices (11) can be programmed to have a separate message and each message would scroll from left to right across the display surface (12) in a time coordinated manner so that the message appears to scroll consistently from left to right across the visual field of the plurality of display surfaces (12).

Abstract: A rail for supporting hanging signage is provided. The rail includes a magnetic strip. The magnetic strip includes first and second end portions and a middle portion. When the rail is in an uncoupled configuration, the first and second end portions are offset from a horizontal reference plane including the middle portion.

Abstract: A tab status indicator system including a generally planar body portion and a tab coupled to the body portion and protruding generally outwardly therefrom. The system further includes an indicator movable between a deployed position, in which the indicator generally overlaps with the tab in a direction generally perpendicular to a plane of the body portion, and a retracted position, in which the indicator does not overlap with the tab or overlaps with the tab less than when the indicator is in the deployed position.

Abstract: A hang tag is generally provided, along with its methods of manufacture and use. In one embodiment, the hang tag includes a tag body and a keyring tab. The tage body generally defines a tag aperture positioned above an information surface, and a slot extends from an edge of the tag body to the tag aperture. The keyring tab is removeably positioned within the tag aperture defined by the tag body, and comprises a tab body defining a keyring aperture.

Abstract: An artifact frame comprised of a hollow container bordered on front, rear, left and right sides and bottom to define an interior cavity into which can be placed ornamental material. On the front or back panel, or side or bottom panels, the artifact to be displayed may be mounted. Any number of mounting configurations are contemplated to be within the scope of the invention. A top panel may also be provided, which may be partially or totally removable to permit access to the interior cavity for the mounting of the artifact and placement of the ornamental material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to artwork preservation, and more particularly to an artwork preservation system that utilizes vacuum and is particularly suited to framed artwork. The artwork preservation system includes: a pair of corrugated planar members constructed and arranged to overlap a front side and back side of an artwork; at least one securing element, such as hook and loop fastener, for mating the first and second corrugated boards when the artwork is placed there between; a layer of air cushioning; and a sealable bag. The system may further include a vacuum pump for removing air from the sealable bag.

Abstract: A firearm for implementing an improved 9 mm cartridge is provided, wherein the improved 9 mm cartridge includes a 9 mm bullet associated with a 45-9 cartridge casing, wherein the 9 mm bullet weights at least 90 grains and wherein the 45-9 cartridge casing is configured to contain a propellant sufficient to propel the 9 mm bullet to a velocity of at least 1600 feet per second. The firearm may include a barrel, wherein the barrel is configured to operably interact with the 9 mm bullet and a chamber, wherein the chamber includes at least one chamber portion sized and shaped to operably associate with the 45-9 cartridge casing and a free-bore, wherein the free-bore includes at least one free-bore portion sized and shaped to operably associate with the 9 mm bullet.

Abstract: The present invention involves techniques for rapid, flexible, partial and supplemental reloading of firearms using specialized actions, intermediate storage devices/feeds and multiple magazines, which may, in some embodiments, be simultaneously engaged with a firearm. The techniques disclosed include a feeding system, which may be a multiple-magazine feeding system, that allows a firearm to remain loaded and firing-ready with multiple loaded cartridges at all times, even during reloading operations. The invention also includes other techniques for flexible, non-wasteful, partially-empty reloading, to eliminate reloading paralysis, and allow the soldier or other user, not the size of a magazine, to determine when firing should continue and when and if it should pause.