Abstract: The disclosure discloses a multi-type air conditioner system including: an outdoor machine, a refrigerant pipe connected with an output end of the outdoor machine, a manifold connected with an input end of the refrigerant pipe, an indoor machine connected with an output end of the refrigerant pipe, and a controller connected respectively with the outdoor machine and the indoor machine through a shielded signal line, wherein the multi-type air conditioner system may further include: a pipe set including a composite pipe, a third cutoff valve, a third filter, a third electronic expanding valve, a fourth cutoff valve and a pipe control board. With the disclosure, heating can be provided by precisely controlling indoor temperature and effectively lower power consumption.

Abstract: A utility cart comprises a first container configured as an evaporative cooling system having a water reservoir disposed at a bottom end thereof in fluid communication with an evaporative medium. The evaporative cooling system further includes a fan to blow or draw outside air through the wet evaporative medium and out to the surrounding environment as cooled air. The utility cart further includes a second container coupled to the first container, the second container configured as an insulated chest cooler for holding ice and having a drain port for draining out melt water from melting ice disposed in the chest cooler, the drain port being configured to feed melt water into the evaporative cooling system.

Abstract: An ice maker includes, among other things, an ice cube mold, an ice cube remover and a force sensor comprising a piezo dielectric elastomer (PDE). The ice cube mold has at least one cavity for receiving liquid. The ice cube remover is configured to apply a removal force to either the mold or an ice cube. The force sensor is provided on either the mold or the remover and provides an output indicative of the removal force. Upon the removal of an ice cube from the cavity, the ice cube remover applies a removal force to the mold or the ice cube to effect the removal of the ice cube from the cavity and the force sensor outputs a signal indicative of the removal force.

Abstract: There is provided an ice maker. The ice maker includes: a freezing plate configured to be cooled by an evaporator to freeze water flowing thereon; a water tub disposed below the freezing plate to collect water falling from the freezing plate; an ice bin forming an ice storage space around the water tub to collect ice falling from the freezing plate; and a plate-shaped ice storage guide placed on an upper end of the water tub between the freezing plate and the water tub, the ice storage guide including a sloped part inclined toward the ice bin and a plurality of discharge holes narrower than widths of ice cubes formed by the freezing plate. Parts of the ice maker are simple and can be easily cleaned, and thus the ice maker may be hygienically used.

Abstract: There is provided an ice maker reliably performing a reliable ice separating operation. The ice maker includes: an evaporator; an ice making plate disposed vertically and making contact with the evaporator at a rear side thereof, the ice maker including a plurality of ice forming parts formed by dividing a front side thereof, surfaces of the ice forming parts being sloped to face downwards; a water tub disposed below the ice making plate to collect water falling from the ice making plate; and an ice bin forming an ice storage space around the water tub to collect ice falling from the ice making plate. Since the ice making plate has a sloped structure, ice may be reliably separated from the ice making plate, and the quality of ice may be improved.

Abstract: An environmental control system (ECS) pack is provided including a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger, and an air cycle machine. The air cycle machine includes a compressor and a turbine. The compressor is fluidly coupled to an outlet of the primary heat exchanger and to an inlet of the secondary heat exchanger. The outlet of the secondary heat exchanger is fluidly coupled to the turbine. A first conduit connects the outlet of the primary heat exchanger and the inlet of the secondary heat exchanger. The first conduit includes a first valve. A second conduit connects the outlet of the secondary heat exchanger to an air load. The second conduit includes a second valve.

Abstract: A storage container includes an inflow hole and an outflow hole through which cold air flows, and deodorizing filters for removing odorous materials are mounted in the inflow hole and the outflow hole. Therefore, when foods containing odor-causing materials are put in the storage container to be stored in a storage compartment, the odor-causing materials are prevented from spreading inside the storage compartment, thereby fundamentally removing odors from the storage compartment. In addition, the cold air of the storage compartment continuously flows in and out of the storage container through the inflow hole and the outflow hole, and therefore foods stored in the storage container may be kept fresh.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a cabinet defining a first storage compartment and a second storage compartment that is positioned vertically below the first storage compartment, a first mullion that partitions the first storage compartment from the second storage compartment, an access cover configured to open or close the access hole, a reception drawer configured to be received into the second storage compartment and including a reception door configured to open and close the second storage compartment and a reception box provided in a rear surface of the reception door, and a cover member configured to cover at least a portion of a top surface of the reception box. The first mullion defines an access hole that allows fluid communication between the first storage compartment and the second storage compartment.

Abstract: The heat exchanger includes heat exchange units. Each of the heat exchange units includes a plurality of plate fins and a plurality of flat tubes. The plate fins are arranged spaced apart from one another at intervals so as to allow air to flow therebetween. The flat tubes each have an L shape by bending and inserted through the plate fins so that a refrigerant flows therethrough in a direction in which the plate fins are arranged. The heat exchange units are combined to each other so as to form a rectangular shape. Thus, heat exchange can be efficiently performed by increasing the mounting area.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat exchange units each including a plurality of fins arranged at intervals such that air passes between adjacent fins and a plurality of heat transfer tubes through which a refrigerant flows. The heat transfer tubes extend through the fins in a direction of arrangement of the fins. The heat transfer tubes are arranged at multiple levels in a level direction perpendicular to an air passing direction. The heat exchange units are arranged in multiple rows in a row direction, serving as the air passing direction. The heat exchanger further includes a row straddling header. Refrigerant passages are provided such that the refrigerant flowing from inlets of the refrigerant passages turns in the row straddling header to outlets of the refrigerant passages. The row straddling header has an interior separated into a plurality of chambers arranged in the level direction. The refrigerant passage is isolated for its corresponding chamber.

Abstract: According to certain embodiments of the invention, a gas containing at least 50% of carbon dioxide is cooled in a first exchanger so as to produce a cooled fluid, a liquid derived from the cooled fluid is sent to a distillation column to be separated therein, a head gas is withdrawn from the distillation column and reheated in the first exchanger, a vat liquid, which is richer in carbon dioxide than the gas containing at least 50% of carbon dioxide, is withdrawn and at least a portion thereof is heated in the first exchanger, at least a first portion of the vat liquid is vaporized in the first exchanger in order to produce a vaporized portion, the vaporized portion is sent back to the column and an NOx removal column is supplied with the liquefied cycle gas produced by vaporizing and reliquefying the vat liquid from the column.

Abstract: A ring assembly including a shank having a band defining a head mounting area with a through hole defined through the band in the head mounting area. The through hole defines internal threads; and a head including a mount with a post extending therethrough, the post including an area of external threads configured to engage the internal threads to releasably secure the head to the shank. Methods for forming and demonstrating ring assemblies are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention involves the field of jewellery products, and especially, relates to a colourful and bright diamond which comprises an even number of main crown facets and an even number of main pavilion facets. The colourful and bright diamond has a total reflection gross efficiency of two 90% and the optical performance which is 12 times more than the existing ordinary diamonds.

Abstract: The present invention involves the field of jewellery products, and especially, relates to a colourful and bright diamond which comprises an even number of main crown facets and an even number of main pavilion facets. The colourful and bright diamond has a total reflection gross efficiency of two 90% and the optical performance which is 12 times more than the existing ordinary diamonds.

Abstract: A heart shaped ornament includes: a first half; a second half, wherein the first half and second half each include an outside surface perimeter and an inside surface perimeter; a mechanism to connect the first half and the second half along each respective inside perimeter; a first image on the first half; and a second image on the second half. In one exemplary embodiment, the mechanism to connect includes a plurality of magnets on each respective inside perimeter of the first half and the second half. Further the first image and second image may depict a couple. In the preferred embodiment, the first image and second image appear to be kissing when the first half is adjoined to the second half. The heart shaped ornament of the present may further include a loop along the top outside surface perimeter of each half.

Abstract: The production of quartz glass granules comprises the granulation of pyrogenically produced silicic acid and the formation of a SiO2 granulate (9), the drying and cleaning of the SiO2 granulate (9) by heating in an atmosphere containing halogen, and the vitrification of the SiO2 granulate (9) under a treatment gas which contains at least 30% by volume of helium and/or hydrogen. This process is time-consuming and expensive.

Abstract: A structure printer for printing structures that has a stable platform on which a swiveling base is mounted. A boom is extendible from the base having a plasmatron mounted on the end of the boom for heating and melting the building material, which may subsequently be sprayed by a print head that receives the molten material from the plasmatron, the print head having an adjustable nozzle for expelling the mixture in a specific location. The printer may be vehicle-mounted, and may have a computer control so it is able to print a building faithfully from a blueprint. The building material may be foam glass, or other mixtures may be used.

Abstract: A facility for manufacturing a hollow glass article, including: a finishing mold intended to receive a blank of the hollow glass article and defining a cavity for forming the hollow glass article, at least one gas source, and a blowing head connected to the gas source and adapted for achieving at least one injection of the gas into the inside of the blank contained in the cavity. The facility further includes: at least one reservoir of coloring powder, and a system for injecting the coloring powder into the inside of the blank while the blank is located in the finishing mold and into the inside of the hollow glass article while the hollow glass article is located in the finishing mold, so that the injection of the coloring powder takes place before, during, after, before and during, during and after, or before, during and after the gas injection.

Abstract: A process for gravity bending of a glass sheet on a support including a chassis, a first frame and a second frame, the second frame being articulated and including a mobile lateral part that passes from an open position to a closed position by an articulation during the bending procedure, the bending of the sheet beginning on the first frame while the second frame is in the open position, and finishing on the second frame in the closed position, the sheet passing from the first frame to the second frame during the bending procedure as a result of the relative vertical movement of the first and second frame and of the raising of the mobile part of the second frame, the contact area of the first frame with the glass sheet located in a vertical line with the articulation being above the articulation at the instant the latter is closed.

Abstract: A method of separating a thin glass substrate from a carrier plate to which edge portions of the glass substrate are bonded, including irradiating a surface of the glass substrate with a pulsed laser beam, the laser beam moving along a plurality of parallel scan paths within a raster envelope, producing relative motion between the raster envelope and the glass substrate so that the raster envelope is moved along an irradiation path on the unbonded central portion. The irradiating produces ablation of the glass substrate along the irradiation path that forms a channel having a width W1 at the first surface greater than a width W2 at the second surface and extending through the thickness of the glass substrate, thus separating a thin glass sheet from the glass substrate-carrier plate assembly.

Abstract: Method of ribbonizing a plurality of optical fibers (103) and ribbonizing apparatus for optical fibers, comprising a tablet (101) including fiber aligning means (104, 105) for aligning a plurality of optical fibers (103) in parallel, the ribbonizing apparatus being configured to be movably arranged in a splicing apparatus (102) when the plurality of optical fibers (103) is aligned in the tablet (101), and to be removed from the splicing apparatus (102) after a splicing process, so that the plurality of optical fibers (103) is not damaged due to mechanical stress.

Abstract: A laundry treatment apparatus including a circulation duct to guide air discharged from a tub back to the tub, a fan located in the circulation duct to circulate air from the tub, a heater located in the circulation duct to heat the air, an exhaust duct to discharge some of the air introduced into the tub from the tub, a suction duct to introduce air from outside of the tub into the tub, and a water supply unit to supply water into the tub so as to cool the tub.

Abstract: The bicycle-driven clothes washing machine includes a bicycle frame, a drive mechanism, and a washing machine drum assembly adjacent the bicycle frame. The drum assembly includes an outer drum having at least a portion thereof at least transparent or partially transparent, the outer drum selectively filled with a washing liquid. An inner drum having a plurality of perforations is rotatably positioned inside the outer drum and mounted to the drive mechanism to be driven thereby via pedal action, the inner drum holding contents to be washed. Both the outer drum and the inner drum can be provided with respective covers to secure contents within the respective drums. An inlet line for introducing washing liquid and an outlet line for draining are attached to the outer drum. Each inlet and outlet line is provided with a valve system selectively operable to supply washing liquid for washing and draining the washing liquid.

Abstract: A washing machine is presented. The washing machine is designed to open up the weave pattern that allows dirt to be removed. The washing machine comprises a cabinet having a back plate that separate the housing into a first chamber and second chamber. A drum is disposed within the first chamber and rotatably mounted to a first axle that extend through the back plate. Disposed within the drum is an agitator that is rotatably mounted to a second axle that also extends through the back plate. At least motor is connected to the first and second axle and in operation the drum and agitator rotate in opposite directions.

Abstract: An exemplary washing machine appliance includes a cabinet, a tub positioned within the cabinet, a drum rotatably mounted within the tub, a balancing apparatus configured to offset an imbalance created by articles in the drum, and a motor in mechanical communication with the drum. The motor is configured for selectively rotating the drum within the tub. The washing machine appliance includes a controller configured to perform operations. The operations include receiving a signal indicative of a speed of the motor. The operations include determining a deviation of the speed of the motor from a target motor speed and comparing the deviation to one or more threshold values. The operations include determining whether to perform a rebalancing process or a spin out process based on the comparison of the deviation to the one or more threshold values.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a valved dispensing system for storing and dispensing products for household appliances, more particularly for vertical shaft washing machines. Said valve dispensing system (7) comprises at least one reservoir (70) for storing products cooperating with a washing compartment (6), at least one cover (80) cooperating with said at least one reservoir (70); at least one lower reservoir (90) downwardly cooperating with said at least one reservoir (70) and with the washing compartment (6), and at least one valve (100) comprising a perimetral structure (101) cooperating with at least one membrane (102), wherein a sealing element (102) cooperates with an orifice (72) of said reservoir (70), and wherein the definition of the opening time of said at least one orifice (72) of reservoir (70) through said at least one valve (100) is effected by means of a relationship between the characteristics of said is valve (100) and the rotation speed of the washing compartment (6).

Abstract: A laundry treating apparatus may include a cabinet detachably provided on a first treating apparatus exhibiting a laundry treating apparatus and forming an external appearance of the laundry treating apparatus. A drawer may be provided to be withdrawn from the cabinet and an input hole may be formed thereon. A tub provided within the drawer body may store wash water. A detergent supply unit may be provided to be withdrawn from the drawer body toward a center of the input hole and provide a space for storing detergent. A water supply unit may supply wash water to the detergent supply unit to supply the detergent stored in the detergent supply unit to the tub body.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus (1) is disclosed for processing the skin side of a tubular fur (2) arranged on a mandrel (4) so that the skin side of the fur (2) faces outwards, comprising the steps of processing the skin side of the tubular fur (2) by mutually displacing the mandrel (4) and a processing device (5, 5a, 5b, 6, 6a, 6b, 7, 8, 8a, 9, 9a) in a longitudinal direction of the mandrel (4) while said processing device engages the skin side of the tubular fur (2), determining a transition between a lower end part (2a) of the tubular fur (2) and a surface (4c) of the mandrel (4) by means of mutually displacing the mandrel (4) and a colour sensor (10) directed towards the mandrel (4) in a longitudinal direction of the mandrel (4), and terminating the processing step in dependence of said determined transition.

Abstract: A lock comprising a shackle and a shackle-receiving portion. The shackle can comprise a resilient flexible portion, which, absent any external deformation forces, can retain an overall substantially U-shaped form. The shackle-receiving portion can comprise a locking mechanism operable to secure the shackle to the shackle-receiving portion. The substantially U-shaped form can comprise substantially straight and parallel legs. The flexible portion can further comprise a heat-treated coil spring that maintains the overall substantially U-shaped form, and the shackle can further comprise a cable.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a novel padlock, which can be used like a normal padlock and also in objects and situations, for which known padlocks are not suitable. A padlock according to the invention comprises two bodies (1, 3), between which is a shackle portion (2). The shackle portion consists of two pins (2A, 2B). Both bodies are to be locked into the shackle portion. The locking of the padlock can be opened and also locked with the key of one or the other of the bodies. In this case, one key can be a key that is normally in use and the other key is less often used.

Abstract: A security apparatus for a portable electronic device includes a cable having a length, a first end, and a second end. The security apparatus also includes a lock head coupled to the first end of the cable. The lock head is configured to selectively engage the portable electronic device and is movable by the cable between a first position, in which the lock head is secured to the portable electronic device, and a second position, in which the lock head is unsecured from the portable electronic device. The security apparatus further includes an actuator assembly coupled to the second end of the cable and spaced a distance from the lock head along the length of the cable. The actuator assembly is operable to actuate the cable to move the lock head between the first position and the second position.

Abstract: A cushion rubber provided independent from a flange of a fuel tank. A fuel tank is arranged above a main frame. A tank front stay, which is mounted on a front lower portion of the fuel tank, is made to overlap with a tank-front-side mounting boss, which is formed on a front end bent portion of the main frame, and is fastened to the tank-front-side mounting boss using a bolt from sideward. The tank front stay is provided independently from a flange, is welded to a bottom surface of the fuel tank, and projects downward from the inside of the flange. A sleeve portion is mounted on a lower end of the tank front stay, and a mount rubber is inserted into the sleeve portion thus providing a rubber mount.

Abstract: A motor vehicle door includes an electrically operable motor vehicle door lock (3) and a handle (5, 6) that is able to swivel around an axis (A). The handle (5, 6) is designed mechanically independent of the motor vehicle door lock (3). In addition, the handle 5, 6 has at least one associated drive (8, 9). The drive (8, 9) moves the handle (5, 6) into a gripping position or into a covering position, depending on the locked state.

Abstract: A cushion pin device for a press having a cushion pad in which a blank holder is seated on the top thereof outside a lower mold, and locks a blank holder to an upper mold while pressurizing an edge of a molded panel, includes: a cushion support disposed below the cushion pad, a cushion cylinder connected with a lower part of the cushion pad to move up or down the cushion pad from the cushion support, a linear scale mounted between the cushion pad and the cushion support to measure the position of the cushion pad, a main pressure control unit that keeps internal pressure of each cushion cylinder similarly, and a sub pressure control unit that is interconnected with the main pressure control unit so as to control the locking position of the cushion pad when each cushion cylinder operates.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus of manufacturing a seamless pipe. The apparatus includes a container receiving a work therein, a stem pressing one end of the work within the container, a die installed in a direction opposite to the stem, and having an extrusion hole comprised of a plurality of ports, a rotation member installed on a front end of the die, having a stirring tip inserted into a joint surface formed by abutting a plurality of metal pieces to each other on one surface, and rotating to perform a friction stir bonding in a state in which the one surface contacts the joint surface, and a correction mold including a metal pipe discharging path receiving a metal pipe manufactured by the friction stir bonding and discharging the metal pipe to an outside.

Abstract: A sheet metal forming device and a process for reducing springback during forming of sheet metal. The sheet metal forming device includes a die tool that has a corner and a roller that at least partially forms the corner. The roller rotates relative to the die tool during and/or after forming of a piece of sheet metal around the corner. The rotation of the roller can be either a rotation that freely occurs during the forming process or rotation that is forcibly imposed on the roller during and/or after the forming process.

Abstract: A hydrostatic/hydrodynamic fluid bearing assembly for a can bodymaker is provided. The hydrostatic/hydrodynamic fluid bearing assembly is separate from the ram body. The outboard bearing assembly includes a carriage assembly and a number of elongated journals. The carriage assembly includes a ram coupling, a crank coupling, and body defining a number of journal passages. The ram body is coupled to a ram coupling. The crank coupling is structured to be coupled to a crank arm. Each journal extends through a carriage assembly body journal passage. In this configuration, the ram body may form a can body in a traditional manner, but fluid bearing assembly fluid is not applied to the ram body. Instead the fluid bearing assembly fluid is applied to the journals.

Abstract: A can bodymaker ram assembly is provided. The ram assembly includes an elongated, generally hollow ram body and a tension assembly. The ram body includes a proximal end, a medial portion, and a distal end. The tension assembly includes an elongated support member. The tension assembly support member includes a proximal end and a distal end. The tension assembly support member is substantially disposed within the ram body with the tension assembly support member proximal end coupled to the ram body proximal end, and the tension assembly support member distal end coupled to one of the ram body medial portion or the ram body distal end.

Abstract: An inertial force sensor includes a fixed part, a beam connected to the fixed part, a plummet connected to another end of the beam and being displaceable due to inertial force to cause the beam to deform, a conductive part provided at the plummet, a strain-sensitive resistor provided at the beam for detecting a deformation of the first beam, first and second fault diagnostic electrodes provided at the fixed part, a first fault diagnostic wiring for connecting the first fault diagnostic electrode to the conductive part through the beam, and a second fault diagnostic wiring for connecting the second fault diagnostic electrode to the conductive part through the beam. The inertial force sensor does not continue to output an erroneous output signal when a crack occurs in the plummet, thus having high reliability.

Abstract: A calibration control device for being coupled to a measuring device such as a caliper, micrometer, or gauge is provided. The calibration control device includes a circuit portion and couples to a coupling feature on the measuring device. A calibration limit portion defines a parameter limit as related to a usage limit for which the measuring device is certified as calibrated. A controller operates a host-side data connection portion of the calibration control device to output measuring data in a first mode when the usage limit is not exceeded, and operates the calibration control device to perform a calibration limit function when the usage limit is exceeded. The calibration limit function may include stopping the output of the measuring data through the host-side data connection or providing an out-of-calibration warning to the host, or the like.

Abstract: In a data acquisition instrument with dual A/D converters in each measurement channel, phase corrections between the paths are computed using a locally generated calibration signal. The calibration signal goes through dual paths simultaneously and is stitched into a single signal for analysis by a processor running a Fourier transform where phase differences are easily identified and used to establish a phase correction signal applied to a single master clock supplying clock signals to both paths. A switch allows the calibration signal to be applied to each channel or to no channels when actual data is being collected.

Abstract: A phantom used in quality assurance and performance tests and/or in pre-purchase testing of ultrasound scanners is provided. The phantom includes a container, a boundary formed within the container, and a curved scanning surface. The container includes a top surface, a bottom surface opposite the top surface, and a wall mounted between the top surface and the bottom surface to form the container. The boundary is configured to hold a tissue mimicking material. The curved scanning surface is formed in the top surface in a direction towards an interior of the container. The curved scanning surface is shaped to support translation perpendicular to an image plane of an application end of an ultrasound transducer along at least a portion of an axis extending between a first location on the curved scanning surface and a second location on the curved scanning surface.

Abstract: A method for detecting of components in a fluid includes emitting a modulated light beam from a modulated light source to the fluid in a chamber, wherein the fluid comprises a liquid and a component in the liquid. The method includes producing an acoustic signal in response to the emitted modulated light beam and detecting the acoustic signal via a pressure sensor disposed in the chamber. The method in one example also includes transmitting the acoustic signal from the pressure sensor to a processor based module and determining at least one of a component and a concentration of the component in the fluid via the processor based module, based on the acoustic signal.

Abstract: A system and a method for detecting of components in a sample fluid includes a first chamber having a sample fluid and a second chamber coupled to the first chamber, wherein the second chamber has a reference fluid. The system includes a modulated light source for emitting a modulated light beam to the sample fluid and the reference fluid, to generate a first acoustic signal in the first chamber and a second acoustic signal in the second chamber. The system further includes a pressure sensor disposed between the first chamber and the second chamber, for detecting a difference between the first acoustic signal and the second acoustic signal. The system includes a processor based module communicatively coupled to the pressure sensor and configured to receive a signal representative of the difference and determine at least one of a component and the concentration of the component in the sample fluid.

Abstract: Provided is a system for measuring bad breath or blood alcohol concentration. More specifically, the system includes: a portable terminal; a bad breath analyzer which has an alcohol sensor and a bad breath sensor mounted therein, and which is connected to an earphone connection terminal of the portable terminal so as to increase compatibility; and a bad breath processing unit which is provided in the portable terminal, and which processes signals measured from the alcohol sensor and the bad breath sensor to output one or more pieces of drinking information and bad breath information on a screen of the portable terminal.

Abstract: The monitoring breathalyzer has an alcohol sensor, a non-volatile memory, a processing unit or processor, a screen and a housing to house these components. The processing unit determines the accuracy of the breathalyzer using the user's body as a simulator. In monitoring mode, the processing unit receives a BAC% measurement from the alcohol sensor based on the breath sample provided by the user at a sample time to provide reference point. The sample time is determined based on the user's metabolism rate or based on a time to a predetermined calibration point from a drink start time.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for calculating a food additive. A first method includes identifying chemical compounds of an averse food ingredient, identifying chemical compounds of a flavorful food ingredient and calculating a set of chemical compounds for the food additive such that an olfactory perception of a mixture of the averse food ingredient, the flavorful food ingredient and the food additive is the same as an olfactory perception of only the flavorful food ingredient. A first device includes a database storing information identifying chemical compounds of an averse food ingredient and identifying chemical compounds of a flavorful food ingredient, and a processor for calculating a food additive such that an olfactory perception of flavors of a mixture of the averse food ingredient, the flavorful food ingredient and the food additive is the same as an olfactory perception of only the flavorful food ingredient.

Abstract: Certain embodiments described herein are directed to chromatography systems that include a microfluidic device configured to provide three-way switching or switching between three or more inputs or outputs. The microfluidic device can be fluidically coupled to one or more switching valves to provide for selective control of fluid flow in the chromatography system.

Abstract: An efficient absorption spectroscopy system is provided. The spectroscopy system may be configured to measure solid, liquid or gaseous samples. Vacuum ultra-violet wavelengths may be utilized. Some of the disclosed techniques can be used for detecting the presence of trace concentrations of gaseous species. A preferable gas flow cell is disclosed. Some of the disclosed techniques may be used with a gas chromatography system so as to detect and identify species eluted from the column. Some of the disclosed techniques may be used in conjunction with an electrospray interface and a liquid chromatography system so as to detect and identify gas phase ions of macromolecules produced from solution. Some of the disclosed techniques may be used to characterize chemical reactions. Some of the disclosed techniques may be used in conjunction with an ultra short-path length sample cell to measure liquids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a microporous organogel for the capture of fluids by adsorption and/or for the controlled release of fluids after solubilization. The fluids are, in particular, air or water pollutants or volatile substances. The invention also relates to the use of a microporous organogel in a process for analyzing the captured fluids. The invention also relates to any fluid sensor by moulding of a microporous organa gel.