Abstract: A flow cell having a support surface, and an integrated fluid reservoir made of two foil layers arranged on the support surface and joined with each other to enclose a storage space and a transport channel. The transport channel extends from a burst point that closes the storage space to a connecting opening and can be opened by fluid flowing from the storage space. A first of the foil layers of the fluid reservoir faces away from the support surface and projects beyond a second of the foil layers of the fluid reservoir that faces the support surface, and is bonded with the support surface in a projecting region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a disc-like assay chip, and more specifically, the present invention provides an assay chip which can effectively clean a cleaned object existing in a fluid loop, and can be appropriately applied to a detection method of a reaction system using a step of necessarily cleaning the cleaned object, such as an immunofluorescent antibody method, and applied to a detection method using an enzymatic reaction (especially, an ELISA method). The present invention further provides a disc-like assay chip which is mounted on a centrifugal device such as a rotational disc and can perform detection or quantitation on a target substance through optical measurement after a specimen and a reagent react by use of a centrifugal force generated by rotation of the centrifugal device.

Abstract: Methods for fabricating of high aspect ratio probes and deforming micropillars and nanopillars are described. Use of polymers in deforming nanopillars and micropillars is also described.

Abstract: A microarray slide comprises a flat platform having a plurality of compartments thereon, the compartments having a bottom and a sidewall extending from the bottom. The platform and compartments are formed of a polymer material, such as polystyrene or cycloolefin, or other plastic material. The sidewall has a low profile such that the ratio of the surface area of the bottom to the height of the sidewall is greater than 30. In another aspect of the invention, the top surface of the slide is coated with a layer of reflective material such as aluminum, gold, chromium or other suitable reflective material. The layer of reflective material may be coated with a layer of protective coating, to prevent corrosion or other damage to the reflective layer and to functionalize the surface.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a multi-layered cell culture vessel having a rectangular shape with a top a bottom sides and ends, where the sides are longer than the ends. The vessel has hand grips and ports at each end of the rectangular vessel. The ports allow fluid entering into the vessel to flow into the multiple cell culture layers through a manifold. The ports may be incorporated into the hand grips.

Abstract: A sample vessel may include a segmented tubule and an interface receiving the tubule. The segmented tubule may include an opening for receiving a sample material and at least one compressible section, the at least one compressible section having a wall constructed at least partially from a material having sufficient flexibility to permit compression of opposed sections of the wall into contact with one another, and at least two segments of the tubule being fluidically isolated from one another by a bonding of a fluid-tight seal between opposed sections of the tubule wall, wherein said fluid-tight seal irreversibly opens upon application of fluid pressure greater than a threshold value to permit selective fluid communication between the opposed sections. The interface may facilitate delivery of a sample material to the tubule through the opening.

Abstract: Provided is a new catalyst capable of removing carbon monoxide economically without adding particular reaction gas externally. Also provided are a process for producing and an apparatus using such a catalyst. Impregnation of a Ni—Al composite oxide precursor of a nonstoichiometric composition prepared by the solution-spray plasma technique with a ruthenium salt to be supported and performing reduction treatment allows CO methanation reaction to selectively proceed even in the high-temperature range in which CO2 methanation reaction and reverse water-gas-shift reaction proceed preferentially with conventional catalysts. Selective CO methanation reaction occurs reproducibly with another Ni—Al composite oxide precursor or an additive metallic species.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for solidifying and converting carbon dioxide into carbonate, comprising: an alkali component extraction reactor for extracting an alkali metal component from a raw slag; a carbonation reactor for injecting carbon dioxide into an alkali metal component solution containing the extracted alkali metal component to produce a carbonate precipitate from the alkali metal component solution; a first filtration device connected between the alkali component extraction reactor and the carbonation reactor to separate a post-treatment slag, from which the alkali component is extracted, from the alkali metal component solution; and a second filtration device connected between an inlet of the alkali component extraction reactor and an outlet of the carbonation reactor to separate the carbonate from the alkali metal component solution after the carbonation reaction.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus is disclosed that uses a gas lift tubing arrangement to produce synthetic hydrocarbon related products. Using the Fischer Tropsch process as an example, the tubing is packed with a suitable catalyst and then hydrogen and carbon monoxide are injected into the top of the tubing in a fashion similar to a gas lift process. As the gases travel past the catalyst, synthetic hydrocarbons are formed and heat is rejected. The synthetic hydrocarbons and water flow out of the bottom of the tubing and travel up the annulus to the surface. In some embodiments, this process is carried out in a producing well or a in producing riser. In a producing well or a producing riser, the production from the well which flows up the annulus cools the synthetic hydrocarbon derived products. In additional and alternate embodiments, this process can be used in non-flowing wells.

Abstract: A method for preparing solid ruthenium nitrosyl nitrate, including: 1) drying a ruthenium-containing spent catalyst, and calcining the spent catalyst, and cooling to room temperature, whereby yielding a ruthenium-containing solid; 2) grinding the ruthenium-containing solid to yield a powder, introducing the powder to a fluidized bed reactor, aerating the fluidized bed reactor with nitrogen or an inert gas, charging hydrogen, whereby yielding ruthenium metal; 3) contacting a mixed gas of ozone and air with the ruthenium metal, whereby yielding gaseous ruthenium tetroxide; 4) introducing the gaseous ruthenium tetroxide into a three-stage absorption plant, whereby yielding an acid solution including ruthenium nitrate; 5) adding a solid of sodium nitrite to the acid solution, stirring, and heating a resulting solution, whereby yielding a solution of ruthenium nitrosyl nitrate; and 6) extracting the solution of ruthenium nitrosyl nitrate with anhydrous ether.

Abstract: A simple, inexpensive and non-corrosive industrial separation method making it possible to separate zirconium and hafnium tetrachlorides from mixtures thereof, a simple industrial method allowing the zirconium/hafnium separation, and a method making it possible to produce fractions enriched with zirconium and containing hafnium at a trace level are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for reducing the amount of magnesium in a lithium-containing brine by adding an aqueous solution of KCl to the brine to precipitate at least some of the magnesium as carnallite salt is disclosed. Lithium salts prepared using this magnesium removal process are also disclosed.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes: a NOx purification catalyst arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine; a degradation degree estimating unit estimating a degradation degree of the NOx purification catalyst; and an air-fuel ratio control unit adjusting an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas flowing into the NOx purification catalyst, wherein, until the estimated degradation degree of the NOx purification catalyst reaches a predetermined degradation degree, the air-fuel ratio control unit adjusts the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas to a rich air-fuel ratio, and, when the estimated degradation degree of the NOx purification catalyst exceeds the predetermined degradation degree, the air-fuel ratio control unit changes the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas from the rich air-fuel ratio to a lean air-fuel ratio so that the NOx purification catalyst is regenerated.

Abstract: The invention provides an exhaust gas cleaning oxidation catalyst and in particular to an oxidation catalyst for cleaning the exhaust gas discharged from internal combustion engines of compression ignition type (particularly diesel engines). The invention further relates to a catalysed substrate monolith comprising an oxidising catalyst on a substrate monolith for use in treating exhaust gas emitted from a lean-burn internal combustion engine. In particular, the invention relates to a catalysed substrate monolith comprising a first washcoat coating and a second washcoat coating, wherein the second washcoat coating is disposed in a layer above the first washcoat coating.

Abstract: A method to produce a NOx trap composition, and its use in a NOx trap and in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The NOx trap composition is produced by heating an iron-containing zeolite in the presence of an inert gas and an organic compound to produce a reductively calcined iron/zeolite. A palladium compound is then added to the reductively calcined iron/zeolite, and the resulting Pd—Fe/zeolite is then calcined at 400 to 600° C. in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas to produce the NOx trap composition. The NOx trap composition shows low temperature NO capacity below 200° C., as well as an additional NO storage temperature window in the 200 to 250° C. range.

Abstract: A cyclic process for selectively separating hydrogen sulfide from a gas mixture including CO2 is operated by contacting the gas mixture under sorption conditions with a non-aqueous sorbent comprising a basic non-protogenic nitrogenous compound to react the H2S with the basic compound so that the H2S can be sorbed by the compound. The compound containing the sorbed H2S can then be subjected to desorption conditions by which the H2S is desorbed and the sorbent readied for another sorption step in the cycle. The basic nitrogenous compound can be carried on a porous solid sorbent, e.g., a solid oxide such as alumina, silica, silica-alumina, zeolites, or a mesoporous and/or macroporous solid oxide. The process may be operated using a pressure swing, temperature swing, partial pressure swing, purge displacement, or a combination thereof between the sorption and desorption portions of the cycle, preferably in a rapid cycle operation.

Abstract: A method of purifying ammonia borane is provided whereby crude ammonia borane is dissolved in a basic aqueous solution, the solution is heated to decompose and precipitate impurities found in the crude ammonia borane, and the impurities are separated by filtration. The aqueous solution containing dissolved ammonia borane is then cooled to a temperature of from 10° C. to ?10° C., to precipitate the ammonia borane, which is recovered and dried to yield a high-purity product.

Abstract: Silicon wafers having an oxygen concentration of 5·1017 to 7.5·1017 cm?3 have the following BMD densities after the following thermal processes, carried out alternatively: a BMD density of at most 1·108 cm?3 after a treatment for three hours at 780° C. and subsequently for 16 hours at 1000° C., and a BMD density of at least 1·109 cm?3 after heating of the silicon wafer at a heating rate of 1 K/min from a start temperature of 500° C. to a target temperature of 1000° C. and subsequent holding at 1000° C. for 16 hours. The wafers are prepared by a method of irradiation of a heated wafer with flashlamp which delivers energy which is from 50 to 100% of the energy density necessary for melting the wafer surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are carbon nanotubes and a method for manufacturing the same. Advantageously, the method provides a high yield of potato or sphere-shaped non-bundled carbon nanotubes having a bulk density of 80 to 250 kg/m3, an ellipticity of 0.9 to 1.0 and a particle diameter distribution (Dcnt) of 0.5 to 1.0 using a two-component carbon nanotube catalyst comprising a catalyst component and an active component.

Abstract: A method of forming graphene comprises supplying energy to at least a portion of an organic material monolayer disposed on a substrate. The energy is sufficient to carbonize the at least a portion of the monolayer exposed thereto to form a layer of graphene on the substrate.

Abstract: A process for advantageously efficiently treating a sulfureous combustible effluent stream by recovering the sulfur in elemental form comprises a step of combustion of the sulfureous combustible effluent stream with an oxidant gas in excess, and then a step of post-combustion of the effluents from the combustion step with an acidic gas. The stream of the post-combustion effluents, free of chemical compounds that are harmful to the efficacy of the Claus catalysts, is treated in a Claus unit, which performs the recovery of the sulfur in elemental form.

Abstract: A method for producing isolatable oxide microparticles or hydroxide microparticles using an apparatus that processes a fluid between processing surfaces of processing members that are arranged opposite each other so as to be able to approach to or separate from each other and such that at least one can rotate relative to the other. At least two fluids are mixed and oxide microparticles or hydroxide microparticles are separated, said two fluids including: a fluid containing a microparticle raw material solution comprising a microparticle raw material mixed into a solvent, and a fluid containing a microparticle-separation solution.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for production of powder of perovskite compound which comprises: the first step for obtaining an aggregate of perovskite compound which comprises at least one A group element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Pb and at least one B group element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf and Sn, and which is represented by the general formula ABO3 wherein A is at least one A group element and B is at least one B group element; and the second step for heating the aggregate of perovskite compound obtained in the first step in a solvent at a temperature in a range from 30° C. to 500° C. whereby disintegrating the aggregate.

Abstract: A microstructure that can develop non-conventional and novel physical properties and a method for producing the same are provided. Ethanol is added to a mixture solution produced by adding a surfactant solution to a peroxotitanic acid aqueous solution to produce precipitates, and the precipitates collected from the mixture solution are let dried to produce precursor powders 5. The precursor powders 5 are calcined at a predetermined temperature. Accordingly, a microstructure 2 can be produced which is formed of monophasic Ti4O7 in nano size. The microstructure 2 of monophasic Ti4O7 produced in this fashion can be fine-grained in nano size unlike prior-art crystals.

Abstract: A method for treating a carbon dioxide-containing waste gas from an electrofusion process, in which a hydrocarbon-containing gas is fed to a waste gas and the carbon dioxide in the waste gas is converted at least partially into carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a reaction and the carbon monoxide-hydrogen mixture is stored for an additional combustion process.

Abstract: Hydrogenated liquid organic compounds are used for storage and supply of hydrogen at near ambient conditions. The hydrogen is released from the hydrogenated liquid organic compounds through a catalytic dehydrogenation reaction using a M/support or M-M?/support catalyst. The M/support catalyst comprises a metal M selected from Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Os, or combination thereof, and a support selected from Y2O3 or V2O5 or combinations thereof. The M-M?/support catalyst comprises a first metal M selected from Cu, Ag, Au, or combination thereof, a second metal M? selected from Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Os, Fe, Ni, Re, Mo, W, V, Cr, Co or combinations thereof, and a support selected from activated carbon, alumina, alumite, zirconia, silica or combination thereof. Synergistic effects are created by using the combination of the M and M? in the catalyst, which result in shifting of the equilibrium of the reaction favorably to dehydrogenation.

Abstract: A device includes a chemical hydride fuel pellet having a plurality of holes extending from a first end to a second end. A plurality of tubes formed of water vapor permeable and hydrogen impermeable material extend from the first end to the second end through the tubes. A container has an inlet for water vapor containing gas coupled to the first end of the tubes and an outlet coupled to the second end of the tubes. A hydrogen outlet is coupled to the fuel pellet.

Abstract: A new synthesis technique has been developed to prepare a family of coherently grown composites of at least two zeotypes. Examples of these composites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents at least one metal of zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and the lanthanide series of the periodic table, and any combination thereof, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, “t” is the mole ratio of N from the organic structure directing agent or agents to (Al+E), and E is a framework element such as gallium. The synthesis technique is the Layered Conversion Synthesis technique.

Abstract: The invention relates to (glyco-) proteins, in particular monoclonal antibodies, which have an immunoreactivity of >81%, preferably >90%. The inventive monoclonal antibodies are produced using a fluidized bed reactor in conjunction with a conventional protein-chemical purification method or preferably with a purification method involving less column chromatography. The monoclonal antibodies thus produced are suitable, in gamma-irradiated form, e.g. Tc-99m labeled, for the in vivo diagnosis of inflammatory diseases and bone marrow metastases. In alpha- or beta-irradiated form, e.g. astatine or Re-188 or Y-90 labeled form, the inventive monoclonal antibodies can be used, for example, in the treatment of leukemia.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic tools/compounds comprising a hybride cyclic peptide which utilizes a cyclic peptide chelating group wherein the compound binds to a MSH receptor to image and treat cancers, especially, melanoma, including metastatic melanoma in vivo. The present invention represents a clear advance in the art which presently relies on tissue biopsy for diagnoses of these cancers. The novel imaging probes are capable of detecting cancerous melanoma cells, as well as their metastatic spread in tissues. This represents a quantum step forward in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, including metastatic melanoma using non-invasive molecular imaging techniques. The novel probes of the present invention will also be useful to initiate therapy for melanoma as well as monitor patients response to chemotherapy treatments and other interventions or therapies used in the treatment of melanoma/metastatic melanoma.

Abstract: The present application is directed to radiolabeled imaging agents comprising a radiolabel, and a substrate, pharmaceutical compositions comprising radiolabeled imaging agents, and methods of using the radiolabeled imaging agents. The present application is further directed to methods of preparing the radiolabeled imaging agent. Such imaging agents can used in imaging studies, such as Positron Emitting Tomography (PET) or Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT).

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to compounds, compositions and methods for diagnosis and/or treatment of a subject suffering from an amyloidosis-associated pathological condition. In certain embodiments, the imaging and/or therapeutic agents of the instant invention may be administered to a subject for identification and/or treatment of amyloid deposits. A specific imaging method detects amyloid deposits by administering the imaging agent to the subject and detecting the spatial distribution of the agent. Differential accumulation of the agent is indicative of AD or an amyloidosis-associated pathological condition and can be monitored by using a PET or SPECT camera.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for use in modulating, including inhibiting the growth and/or reducing the virulence of gram-positive bacteria. The present invention provides methods and compositions for disrupting the cell wall and/or cell membrane in gram-positive bacteria such that cell wall or cell membrane target(s) are rendered exposed or accessible and sensitive to a modulation thereof. Methods for modulation of one or more gram-positive bacterial cell wall or cell membrane targets in a gram-positive bacteria are provided comprising disrupting the cell wall such that the cell wall or cell membrane target, which is particularly a sortase, is rendered exposed or accessible and sensitive to a modifying, modulating or binding agent, which is particularly an antibody or fragment thereof, wherein the cell wall or cell membrane target is inaccessible or relatively insensitive to the modifying, modulating or binding agent in the absence of cell wall disruption.

Abstract: Methods for treating renal cancer by administration of certain 3,3?,4,4?-tetrahydroxy-2,2?-bipyridine-N,N?-dioxide compounds, especially 3,3?,4,4?-tetrahydroxy-2,2?-bipyridine-N,N?-dioxide (Orellanine), conjugated to an alpha-emitting radionuclide (e.g. Astatine-211) to increase the efficacy of the formulation and/or a large molecule (e.g. a oligomer/polymer such as a PEG or a polysaccharide such as a dextran or a Ficoll®) to reduce the filtration and consequently the renal exposure. Particular administration protocols and dosing regimens, as well as pharmaceutical compositions suitable for use in the treatment methods can be used.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, preparations and formulations comprising pyrazine derivatives having multiple poly(ethylene glycol) containing substituents. Many of the compounds disclosed herein are excretable by the renal system of a subject or patient and are useful for visualizing the renal system of a subject or patient. Upon excitation by electromagnetic radiation, a number of the compounds disclosed herein exhibit luminescence and are externally detectable when present in the body fluid of a patient or subject. Also provided herein are methods for visualizing the renal system of a subject or patient.

Abstract: A medical delivery system that enables the delivery of therapeutic agents to malignant tissue utilizing delivery agents and heating of the delivery agents thereby causing the release of the therapeutic agents within the tumor is disclosed. The therapeutic agents may be chemotherapy agents, radiation therapy agents, and other appropriate materials. The magnetic nanoparticles encapsulated by the therapeutic agents in a biocompatible coating may be delivered to tumor sites utilizing attenuated strains of bacteria that seek and reside at tumor sites. An alternating magnetic field device with a prescribed frequency range may be used to induce heating of the magnetic nanoparticles in the patient thereby melting the coating and releasing the therapeutic agents within the tumor.

Abstract: There is provided a novel chain-end functionalized PEO of formulas (I) to (IV) prepared via living anionic polymerization and chain-end functionalization, as well as a simple method of preparing nano-sized transition metal or metal salt particles using the same, which can be readily stabilized even in an aqueous medium. The water-soluble PEO-based polymers having various functional groups (including a drug group such as vitamin and anti-cancer agent) and the process of preparing nano-sized transition metal or metal salt particles using the same can be advantageously used in the development of new materials for drug delivering system and imaging, e.g., a contrast agent and an anti-cancer agent simultaneously.

Abstract: Spray compositions are formulated with powders (e.g. corn starch) which improve skin feel, and also have a hydrophobically modified oxide additive (e.g. modified silica) to reduce the incidence of can/bottle clogging and sedimentation caused by the powder. The oxide is a mixed hydrophobic/hydrophilic oxide such as hydrophobicly modified fumed silica (e.g. silica dimethyl silylate). In one embodiment DEET can be delivered by such formulations.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oral composition containing a gel network phase comprising: (i) one or more fatty amphiphiles, (ii) one or more surfactants, and (iii) one or more solvents; and an oral carrier phase. In certain embodiments, the gel network is used to structure the oral composition. The present invention is also directed to a method of forming an oral composition containing a gel network.

Abstract: The invention includes a dentifrice composition that comprises a zinc ion source, a polyphosphate ion source, an anethole and a silica. The silica has a mean particle size of about 5 to about 12 microns, an Einlehner hardness of about 1 to about 20, and an oil absorption of about 40 to less than about 100 cc/100 g. The composition contains zinc ions and polyphosphate ions in a weight ratio of about 0.1:1 to about 10:1 and has a RDA value of about 100 to about 200 and a PCR value of about 75 to about 110. Related methods are also included.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions including saturated calcium phosphate (sCaP) solutions, that may be prepared from mixtures of calcium deficient apatite and one or more of sodium fluoride and zinc chloride, or F or Zn ions. The solutions may be prepared from mixtures of calcium compounds and one or more of sodium or potassium phosphates, sodium or potassium fluoride and zinc salts with, for instance, either phosphoric or hydrochloric acids. Such compositions may be useful for increasing occlusion of dentin tubules, decreasing bacterial attachment to dentin tubules, decreasing bacterial growth or colonization on tooth surfaces such as enamel and dentin surfaces including on dentin tubules, increasing resistance to acid dissolution, inhibiting dental caries formation and progression and tooth decay and inhibiting development of tooth hypersensitivity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substantive emulsion and methods for its use comprising 40 to 45% by weight of water, 25 to 30% by weight of a combination of octocrylene, avobenzone, octisalate, homosalate, and oxybenzone, and 3 to 5% by weight of a combination of VP eicosene copolymer, acrylates/C12-22 alkyl methacrylate copolymer, trimethylsiloxysilicate, and acrylates/dimethicone copolymer, wherein the emulsion has a sun protection factor of at least 50, and wherein the emulsion is very water resistant.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition of ion-exchange resins made from a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer or an acrylic-divinylbenzene copolymer filled with at least one lipoaminoacid with the formula (I), in which R1 is the chain characterizing a fatty acid, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branching, including 7 to 21 atoms of carbon, R2 is the chain characterizing an amino acid and m is between 1 and 50, or a mixture of the compounds with the formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising a oil-soluble high carbon polar modified polymer, a sugar silicone surfactant and a hyperbranched polyol.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are disclosed for imparting water repellency to the hair. The compositions generally comprise a first hydrophobic particulate material having a coefficient of dynamic friction of 0.5 or greater in combination with a second hydrophobic particulate material having a coefficient of dynamic friction less than 0.5.

Abstract: A monomer compound that contains at least one polymerizable functional group per molecule, and at least one bicycloheptyl-, bicycloheptenyl-, or branched (C5-C42)alkyl-polyether radical per molecule, wherein the bicycloheptyl- or bicycloheptenyl-polyether radical may optionally be substituted on one or more of the ring carbon atoms by one or two (C1-C6)alkyl groups per ring carbon atom is useful in making polymers, particularly pH responsive polymers.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for shaping hair fibers comprising: applying to the hair fibers at least one reducing composition comprising at least one reducing agent and at least one cationic polymer, wherein the weight ratio of the at least one reducing agent to the at least one cationic polymer ranges from 0.1:1 to 10:1; rinsing the hair fibers; applying at least one care composition comprising at least one aminated silicone; optionally rinsing the hair fibers; and heating the hair fibers with a heating device at a temperature ranging from 50 to 280° C., the heating being carried out before or after an optional rinsing of the hair fibers.

Abstract: A novel process for lightening human keratin fibers comprising applying to the fibers at least one anhydrous composition (A) comprising at least one fatty substance and at least one surfactant, at least one composition (B) comprising at least one organic amine having a pKb less than 12, and at least one composition (C) comprising at least one oxidizing agent and leaving the compositions on the fibers for a period of time sufficient to lighten the fibers; and a multi-compartment device or kit, wherein at least one first compartment comprises the at least one anhydrous composition (A), at least one second compartment comprises the at least one composition (B), and at least one third compartment comprises the at least one composition (C).

Abstract: A Chinese medicine hair-blackening preparation and formula and a preparation method therefor, wherein the preparation comprises ginger, astragalus mongholicus, polygonum multiflorum, black sesame, angelica sinensis, fructus lycii, ligusticum wallichii, salvia miltiorrhizae, chrysanthemum indicum, red dates, black soya bean, walnuts, cortex mori radicis, fructus liqustri lucidi, eclipta alba, mulberry fruit, fat extract of silkie, fat extract of duck, 65% ethanol solution and 40% ethanol solution; the preparation is prepared by using techniques of mixing, grinding, soaking and extraction to produce an ointment; the preparation is suitable for all hair and scalp types, and when it is used after hair wash, it produces no allergic reactions or toxic side-effects, thereby allowing the medically active elements to penetrate quickly into the skin and to be absorbed by the skin to achieve quickly visible hair blackening effect.

Abstract: The invention contemplates a copolymer which is a graft or block copolymer useful to change wettability and surface characteristics of biological surfaces. Methods for use of these formulations and coatings to change wettability and sterically stabilize, and lubricate biological surfaces in a subject, for example, in the treatment of dry eye syndrome, and to prevent adherence of unwanted proteins, for example in the treatment of contact lens intolerance, are provided.