Abstract: The present invention relates to a simple and improved process for removing aromatic hydrocarbons from deposit water through the use of associated petroleum gas as stripping gas.

Abstract: A method may be provided for removing fluorinated organic compounds from contaminated fluids by means of a kit that comprises a first and a second adsorbent component, or only by means of the first adsorbent component alone. The second adsorbent component is a solid adsorbent; the first adsorbent component is a chemical compound that contains a lipophilic group and a hydrophilic group, or contains such a compound in dissolved form, wherein the hydrophilic group contains at least one cationic group and wherein the lipophilic group is selected from alkyl groups that comprise at least one octylene unit, from aryl groups, and from aralkyl groups. The contaminated fluid may be brought in contact with the first adsorbent component, and optionally the fluid is also brought in contact with the second adsorbent component. The adsorbent component(s) may be removed from the fluid together with the adsorbed fluorinated organic compounds.

Abstract: An ultraviolet irradiation device that is used for a fluid to be irradiated having a low ultraviolet ray transmissivity, a spirally wound tube in which the fluid to be irradiated flows is supported and fixed, and an irradiation amount of ultraviolet rays with which the fluid is irradiated is increased. A tube 3 having ultraviolet ray transmitting property is spirally wound on an outer circumferential surface of a support pipe 5, a plurality of ultraviolet lamps 7 are disposed around an axis of the support pipe apart from the tube, an inner case 9 that supports the support pipe and that encloses the plurality of ultraviolet lamps is provided, and a fluid flows in the tube and is irradiated with ultraviolet rays. The tube which is a fluid channel is thereby fixed to the support pipe, so that breakage of the tube and the ultraviolet lamps 7 can be prevented.

Abstract: A water dispenser includes discharge valves each including a body made of a material capable of transmitting ultraviolet light, and defining a flow path extending from the inlet to the outlet of the discharge valves, and an ultra violet light emitting source which irradiates ultraviolet light to the body to sterilize inner wall surface of the flow path and the surface of the valve body. The body has an outer wall surface extending along the flow path and covered with an ultraviolet light reflecting layer. The water dispenser further includes and outlet-side pipe line having an inner wall surface made of an ultraviolet light transmitting material containing a photocatalyst.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis membrane apparatus 17 including an RO membrane 17a that yields recycled water 18 and concentrated water 19 from pre-treated raw water (inflow water 16), salts being removed in the recycled water and salts being concentrated in industrial park waste water 11; monitoring apparatuses 21A and 21B disposed at an inflow water line L1 through which the inflow water 16 flows into the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus 17 or a concentrated water line L2 through which the concentrated water 19 flows out from the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus 17, which monitor the presence of chemical fouling causal substances in the inflow water 16 or the concentrated water 19; and a chemical supply section 22, which is a removal apparatus that removes the chemical fouling causal substances from the inflow water 16 on the front upstream side of the inflow into the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus 17, upon the presence of chemical fouling causal substances in the inflow water 16 or the concentrated water 19 bein

Abstract: A method for removing chlorinated organic pollutants from an aqueous composition by electrocatalysis, including electrolyzing the aqueous composition, in a capillary reactor, with an applied potential of 1-5 kV, in which, during the electrolyzing, the aqueous composition is in contact with porous silica supported-sol-gel coated platinum and titanium catalysts and the electrolyzing forms hydrogen and hydrogen chloride.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants) and, in particular to a new and useful method and apparatus designed to improve the water supplied to non-calcium-based, aqueous wet SOx scrubbers. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a system and method for softening water for use in non-calcium-based, aqueous wet SOx scrubbers.

Abstract: A method uses anionic and cationic polymers added in, any order or simultaneously, to aqueous media for the removal of substances. The sequential addition of the two biopolymers, anionic xanthan, followed by cationic chitosan, causes the rapid formation of very large and cohesive fibrillar aggregates that may exhibit high solids to liquid ratios and that quickly settle out from the aqueous media. The aqueous media can be easily separated from the large fibrillar aggregates by settling under gravity or by filtration through a porous containment device, such as a synthetic or non-synthetic woven or non-woven fabric including a geotextile fabric or a solid containment device containing a solid mesh screen.

Abstract: A composition, and its method of manufacture, is provided for the settling of solids suspended in liquids passing through a reactor housing containing the composition whereupon the composition can dissolve and enter into the liquid and then contact the suspended solids in the liquid. A system and method of for treating water or sewage is further provided, The system can include a screening tank, a septic tank, a flocculant and mixing reactor, a primary clarifier, a secondary clarifier, a sludge dewatering tank, a surge tank, one or more filter tanks and a disinfection tank. The method can include the steps of receiving water or sewage to be treated and passing it through a screening tank and septic tank, a flocculant reactor, a primary clarifier, a secondary clarifier, a sludge dewatering tank, a surge tank, one or more filter tanks and a disinfection tank.

Abstract: In the drinking water industry, pilot plants have played a big role in assisting water professionals, utilities, and engineering firms in generating information about the behavior of large full scale systems. Due to the identification of new contaminants, stringent regulations, and demand for improved water quality the demand for novel water treatment challenges across North America have significantly increased. A portable evaluation pilot skid (PEPS) accommodates all water qualities. A vent valve screen is mounted inside the contactor with holes large enough to prevent clogging. Air is introduced into the contactor prior to the screen. The screen is mounted such that it breaks the air into small bubbles creating the effect of a stone diffusor. Air flow is easily adjusted with a needle valve.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a method for preventing scale deposition that can prevent deposition of calcium fluoride scale without increasing phosphorus concentration in a fluorine-containing water system. Provided is a method for preventing scale deposition comprising adding a phosphorus-free maleic acid/ethyl acrylate/vinyl acetate copolymer to a fluorine-containing water system. The phosphorus-free copolymer is preferably a polymer obtained by copolymerization of monomer components containing maleic acid at a rate of 60 mol % or more, ethyl acrylate, and vinyl acetate. It preferably has a weight-average molecular weight of 500 to 5000.

Abstract: A method for cleaning and preventing diffuser membrane fouling of an aeration system can include: transporting a liquid acidic solution into a downcomer pipe or a purge line positioned in a reservoir of an aeration system containing a body of water such that the liquid acidic solution flows into a manifold and air distribution pipes; allowing the liquid acidic solution to vaporize; and blowing the vaporized acidic solution into a plurality of diffusers supported by the air distribution pipes. An aeration system that can implement the method is also included.

Abstract: A process for producing glass tubes is provided that includes: applying a glass melt onto the outer surface of a rotating cylindrical shaping body to form thereon a hollow glass melt body; and withdrawing the hollow glass melt body over the shaping body toward a front end for forming a glass tube; wherein the shaping body is coated with platinum or a platinum alloy in regions that are in contact with the glass melt. The glass melt has a composition in wt.-% of: SiO2 71.0 to 77.0; B2O3 9.0 to 12.0; Na2O 5.5 to 8.0; K2O 0.0 to 2.0; Al2O3 6.5 to 8.0; CaO 0.0 to 1.5; BaO 0.0 to 2.0; Li2O 0.0 to 0.5; ZrO2 0.0 to 5.0. The glass composition provides enhanced devitrification characteristics so that glass tubes can be drawn using a Danner mandrel that is coated with platinum or a platinum alloy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing glass are provided. The apparatus is configured to draw a glass ribbon and includes an evaporator unit having a liquid reservoir configured to receive a working liquid. The apparatus further includes a heat transfer element configured to be placed in thermal contact with the working liquid received in the liquid reservoir. The heat transfer element is configured to cool the glass ribbon being drawn from the glass manufacturing apparatus by receiving radiant heat from the glass ribbon and transferring the heat to the working liquid received in the liquid reservoir, thereby transforming an amount of the working liquid to a vapor. The method includes drawing the glass ribbon, cooling the glass ribbon by radiating heat from the glass ribbon to the heat transfer element, and then transferring heat from the heat transfer element to the working liquid.

Abstract: The glass sheet of the present invention is a glass sheet with a thickness of 1.6 mm or less produced by a float process in which a molten glass material is formed into a sheet on a molten metal. When one surface of the glass sheet kept in contact with the molten metal during the formation of the molten glass material into the glass sheet is defined as a first surface and the other surface of the glass sheet opposite to the first surface is defined as a second surface, at least the first surface has a protective coating formed thereon by dealkalization, and the second surface has an etching rate of 2 nm/min or less when the second surface is etched using 0.1 mass % hydrofluoric acid at 50° C. as an etching liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel vitroceramic or lens compositions that are nanostructured and transparent or translucent, including at least 97%, such as 97% to 100%, preferably 99% to 100%, by weight, relative to the total weight of the material, of a composition having the following formula I: (GeO2)x(SiO2)y(B2O3)z(Ga2O3)a(Oxy1)b(Oxy2)k (I) where Oxy1 is an oxide selected from ZnO, MgO, NbO2.5, WO3, NiO, SnO, TiO2, BiO1.5, AgO, CaO, MnO, or a mixture thereof, selected preferably from ZnO, MgO, NbO2.5, WO3, NiO, SnO, AgO, CaO, MnO, or a mixture thereof, selected more preferably from ZnO, MgO, AgO, BiO1.5, NbO2.5, Or a mixture thereof, selected most preferably from ZnO, MgO, AgO, NbO2.5, or a mixture thereof, and Oxy2 is an oxide selected from Na2O, K2O or a mixture thereof, Oxy2 is preferably Na2O, and x, y, z, a, b and k are as defined in claim 1, to the manufacturing method thereof and to the uses thereof in the field of optics.

Abstract: A method produces a control element having a touch-enabled surface, in which a paste-like material is applied on a carrier plate. At least one raised structure element is formed by the paste-like material on the carrier plate. For this purpose, a stencil having inherent stiffness is arranged above the carrier plate and the paste-like material is pushed through at least one recess in the stencil.

Abstract: To provide a coating solution for forming an ultraviolet-absorbing film which has mechanical durability such as abrasion resistance and which is little susceptible to deterioration of the ultraviolet-absorbing ability by use for a long period of time, and an ultraviolet-absorbing glass article having an ultraviolet-absorbing film formed by using such a coating solution, which has mechanical durability such as abrasion resistance and which is little susceptible to deterioration of the ultraviolet-absorbing ability by use for a long period of time. A coating solution which comprises a component derived from an epoxidized organooxysilane compound, a component derived from an organooxysilane compound which is a reaction product of a hydroxylated benzophenone compound and an epoxidized organooxysilane compound, and a component derived from an organooxysilane compound other than the above both organooxysilane compounds, and an ultraviolet-absorbing glass article obtained by using the coating solution.

Abstract: The invention provides a moisture barrier composite film, formed by having a mixture of thermally reduced graphene and cyclic olefin copolymer be formed into a film and forming a hydrophilic surface layer on surfaces of the moisture barrier composite film by a hydrophilic agent; wherein a ratio of carbon atoms to oxygen atoms in thermally reduced graphene is more than 30 and the hydrophilic surface layer has a density of 0.01˜1.0 mg/cm2.

Abstract: A rotary kiln includes a stationary fuel nozzle and a perforated flame holder positioned within an inclined rotating shell. The flame holder includes a plurality of perforations that collectively confine a combustion reaction of the burner to the flame holder to shift most heat transfer from the combustion reaction from radiation heat transfer to convective heat transfer.

Abstract: A plant for producing cement clinker, comprising as viewed in the direction of materials flow, a heat exchanger to preheat raw meal, a downstream calciner to calcine the raw meal, a rotary kiln to sinter the calcined raw meal, and a clinker cooler to cool the sintered cement clinker. A combustion device which carbonizes, pyrolysis or burns difficult fuels, is embodied as a pot reactor or gooseneck reactor in an inverted U-shape, and is positioned upstream of the calciner on the flow path of the exhaust gases from the rotary kiln to the calciner, and has a gas outlet that opens out above a tertiary-air line of the clinker cooler into the calciner. As a result, it becomes possible to burn fuel which is lumpy and/or has poor ignitability, and the gases from incomplete combustion in the reactor are available in the calciner in gaseous form for further combustion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a material that can accumulate heat energy at high temperatures without losing its structural capacities. The material is fundamentally concrete formed by a mixture of cement, aggregates and water by means of high-frequency vibration, and comprises a proportion of aggregates which corresponds to between 70% and 85% of the total volume of the dry mixture, where the aggregates are classed as fine aggregates having a diameter of less than 8 mm and coarse aggregates having a diameter of between 8 mm and 25 mm, the granulometry of the dry mixture presenting deviations from the Bolomey curve of less than 5% in the end thirds of the granulometry and less than 10% in the middle third of the granulometry.

Abstract: A concrete comprises in relative parts by weight: 100 of Portland cement; 0.25 to 9 of a defoamer; 0.001 to 6 of a surfactant; 0 to 230 of coarse gravel and/or fine gravel and/or shear enhancers; 0 to 85 of sand; 0 to 60 of a particulate pozzolanic or non-pozzolanic material or a mixture thereof having a mean particle size less than 15 micrometers; 0 to 80 of a particulate pozzolanic or non-pozzolanic material or a mixture thereof having a mean particle size between 15 to 88 micrometers; 0.3 to 18 of a water-reducing superplasticizer; 0 to 14 of polyethylene fibers; and 5 to 40 of water. An air mixing process using a tightly sealed mixing tool is used to thoroughly mix the constituents of the concrete before adding the water for curing. By adjusting relative parts in the composition, concretes of high and ultrahigh performance can be achieved efficiently.

Abstract: An alumina purity of translucent polycrystalline alumina forming a handle substrate is 99.9 percent or higher, and a porosity of the polycrystalline alumina is 0.01% or more and 0.1% or less. A number of pores, each having a size of 0.5 ?m or larger and included in a surface region on a side of a bonding face of the handle substrate is 0.5 times or less of a number of pores, each having a size of 0.1 ?m or larger and 0.3 ?m or smaller and contained in the surface region.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for developing polymer derived ceramic downhole equipment including completion structure, isolation plugs, hanger systems, marine risers, risers, packer assemblies and sucker rods. In various approaches, one or more of downhole components, surfaces or structure can embody polymer derived ceramic material, and, in particular, polysilocarb derived material and polysilocarb derived ceramic material.

Abstract: A compact is formed by introducing a slurry containing a ceramic powder or a metal powder, a binder and a solvent into a compaction die, and compacting the slurry in the compaction die. The compact embedded in the compaction die is immersed in an alternative CFC (liquid) (FIG. 4A). The solvent contained in the compact is gradually replaced with the alternative CFC. In the course of this process, the compact separates naturally from the compaction die (releasing is achieved) without receiving an external force. Subsequently, the compact is taken out of the alternative CFC (liquid). The alternative CFC has a boiling point as low as 95° C. at 1 atmospheric pressure. Accordingly, the alternative CFC contained in the compact will volatilize at high speed, thus being removed. Consequently, the compact can be dried in a relatively short time without being heated.

Abstract: A joined body 20 includes a porous ceramic 22 made of porous ceramic, a metal member 24 made of a metal, and a joint 30 formed of an oxide ceramic that penetrates into pores 23 of the porous ceramic 22 and joins the porous ceramic 22 to the metal member 24. The penetration depth of the oxide ceramic into the pores of the porous ceramic is preferably 10 ?m or more, and more preferably 15 to 50 ?m. The joined body 20 may be produced through a joining step of forming a joint by placing a metal raw material between a porous ceramic and a metal member and firing the metal raw material in the air at a temperature in the range of 400° C. to 900° C., where an oxide ceramic produced by oxidation of the metal raw material penetrates into the pores of the porous ceramic in the joint.

Abstract: A method for retrieving aggregates and/or powdery mineral material from a source material comprising hardened mineral binder and aggregates, in particular a waste or demolition material, comprises the steps of: a) treating the source material in a disintegration process and (b) separation of the treated source material at a predefined cut-off grain size in order to retrieve treated aggregates with a grain size of at least the predefined cut-off grain size and/or in order to retrieve powdery mineral material with a grain size below the predefined cut-off grain size.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous ion exchange methodology for production of ammonium-potassium polyphosphate solutions using agricultural grade phosphoric acid, anhydrous ammonia, and agricultural grade potassium chloride (ag potash) as primary feedstocks. The method is particularly applicable to the production of these low salt index, specialty liquid fertilizer solutions and allows for the use of less expensive ag-potash and impure phosphoric acid as the potassium and phosphate sources in order to produce the ammonium-potassium polyphosphate compounds, which are chloride free as a result of the ion ex-change process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions containing at least 80% by weight, especially at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of at least one magnesium sulfate-urea compound selected from the compound of the formula (I) and mixtures of the compound of the formula (I) with the compound of the formula (II): [MgSO4.mCO(NH2)2.nH2O] (I), [MgSO4.xCO(NH2)2.yH2O] (II), in which m and x are each in the range from 0.9 to 1.1, n is in the range from 1.9 to 2.1 and y is in the range from 2.9 to 3.1, where the compositions, based on the total weight of the composition, contain less than 10% by weight of free MgSO4 in the form of the anhydrate or in the form of hydrates of magnesium sulfate and less than 10% by weight of unbound urea. The invention also relates to the production of the compositions and to the use thereof as fertilizers or fertilizer additive.

Abstract: Methods of increasing the amount of iron (Fe) and potassium (K) available in soil to plants residing in the soil. A composition comprising at least one microorganism capable of oxidizing Fe(II) bound in at least one phyllosilicate and releasing Fe and K from the at least one phyllosilicate to increase availability of Fe and K to plants in soil treated with the composition relative to plants in untreated soil. Compositions and microorganisms capable of oxidizing Fe(II) and K are disclosed.

Abstract: Electrically ignitable caseless propellant charge in the form of a caseless propellant tablet (5), characterised in that it is obtainable by mixing together of at least one current-conductive material in dissolved or dispersed form or powder form and graphite in powder form, together with nitrocellulose, with or without addition of further additives, and subsequent compaction to form a propellant tablet, the production and use thereof, and related subject matter of the invention. Uses include: use of the propellant charge in a bolt-driving tool for installing bolts, as an explosive charge in a warning shot device, as a gas-generating element in airbags, for driving cutting devices, for driving pressing devices (for example for squeezing tong-like elements together) or as a propellant charge in small calibre rifles for sporting purposes, or for captive bolt devices for animal slaughtering.

Abstract: The invention relates to Insensitive Munition (IM) energetic materials particularly IM propellant compositions, and yet further to nitrocellulose-free IM propellants. An energetic composition suitable for use as a propellant comprises the following components in the following relative proportions: component A; from 5% to 25% by weight of an IM energetic filler; component B: from 50% to 80% by weight of a highly energetic filler comprising at least one nitramine compound; component C of from 5% to 20% by weight of a binder; and component D of from 3% to 15% by weight of a plasticiser; the percentages by weight of components A, B, C and D together with minor additives, if any, adding to 100%.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to embodiments of an explosive formulation comprising a detonable mixture of an oxidizing agent such as carbon dioxide, and a material that decomposes the oxidizing agent exothermically (a reducing agent), and additives that increase the mixture's shock sensitivity. The formulations may be used in a method to produce diamonds or nano oxides or in other applications that use traditional explosives such as, but not limited to: ammonium nitrate and fuel oil combinations (ANFO), watergel explosives, emulsion explosives and RDX.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are energetic compositions and methods of making thereof. A composition includes particles of a nitrogen-containing oxidizer dispersed in a polymeric binder and a bonding agent bonded to a surface of at least a portion the particles. The bonding agent disclosed is a Lewis acid.

Abstract: A system for preventing a catalyst from overheating is provided. The system includes: a first reactor filled with a catalyst at least in part and configured to receive reaction gas and produce product gas; and a second reactor configured to cool a catalyst discharged from the first reactor. The catalyst is circulated between the first reactor and the second reactor by injecting the catalyst cooled in the second reactor into the first rector.

Abstract: A hydrodeoxygenation process for producing a linear alkane from a feedstock comprising a saturated or unsaturated C10-18 oxygenate that comprises an ester group, carboxylic acid group, carbonyl group and/or alcohol group is disclosed. The process comprises contacting the feedstock with a catalyst composition comprising a metal catalyst and a heteropolyacid or heteropolyacid salt, at a temperature between about 240° C. to 280° C. and a hydrogen gas pressure of at least 300 psi. The metal catalyst comprises copper in certain embodiments. By contacting the feedstock with the catalyst composition under these temperature and pressure conditions, the C10-18 oxygenate is hydrodeoxygenated to a linear alkane that has the same carbon chain length as the C10-18 oxygenate.

Abstract: There is proposed a process for producing short-chain olefins by conversion of oxygenates in a multi-stage fixed-bed reactor (OTO reactor) with reaction zones each operated adiabatically, in which the individual stages or reaction zones are covered with beds of a granular, form-selective zeolite catalyst which previously has been subjected to a steam pretreatment in an external, isothermally or quasi-isothermally operated steam pretreatment reactor. By means of the external steam pretreatment according to the invention, higher lifetimes of the catalyst used are obtained as compared to a steam pretreatment in the OTO reactor. The availability of the OTO reactor for the olefin production is increased.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparation of n-propyl benzene. The process gives high selectivity and yield of n-propyl benzene by single step catalytic alkylation that involves contacting a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbon having an active hydrogen on a saturated ?-carbon, such as toluene, and an alkene, such as ethylene, in presence of a metal catalyst, a solid support, and an initiator. Following the alkylation, aqueous and organic phases are separated from a reaction mixture. The aqueous phase is separated for recovery of the catalyst, the solid support, and un-reacted aromatic hydrocarbon (e.g., toluene); and the organic phase is separated for obtaining n-propyl benzene and byproduct. Thus, the catalyst phase can be recovered and recycled in the next alkylation reaction. Also, the process facilitates recovery and recycling of the byproduct for the better selectivity.

Abstract: In a process for producing para-xylene, at least one feed comprising C6+ aromatic hydrocarbons is supplied to a dividing wall distillation column to separate the feed into a C7? aromatic hydrocarbon-containing stream, a C8 aromatic hydrocarbon-containing stream and a C9+ aromatic hydrocarbon-containing stream. At least part of the C8 aromatic hydrocarbon-containing stream is then supplied to a para-xylene recovery unit to recover para-xylene from the C8 aromatic hydrocarbon-containing stream and produce a para-xylene depleted stream. The para-xylene depleted stream is contacted with a xylene isomerization catalyst in a xylene isomerization zone under conditions effective to isomerize xylenes in the para-xylene depleted stream and produce an isomerized stream, which is then at least partially recycled to the para-xylene recovery unit.

Abstract: A simulated moving bed separator and methods for isolating a desired component are provided. A method includes removing a raffinate from a raffinate bed of a simulated moving bed separator. The raffinate includes an undesired component, and the simulated moving bed separator includes a plurality of adsorbent beds circularly coupled together, a distributor, and a plurality of conduits coupling the distributor to the plurality of adsorbent beds. The adsorbent beds include the raffinate bed, a desorbent bed, and a zone 4 flush bed positioned between the raffinate bed and the desorbent bed. Desorbent is added to the desorbent bed through a desorbent conduit. The zone 4 flush conduit is flushed to the desorbent conduit, where the zone 4 flush conduit is coupled to the zone 4 flush bed.

Abstract: A method of producing a fluoropropane of formula CF3CH?CHF, comprising contacting a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and Z-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene in the gas phase with a catalyst comprising at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of fluorinated Cr2O3 or Cr/Ni on fluoride alumina, in the presence of an oxygen containing gas, to form a mixture comprising Z-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane, E-1,3,3,3,-tetrafluoropropene, hydrogen fluoride, and optionally unreacted 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, separating the E-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene from the Z-isomer and any unreacted 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, if present, and recovering said E-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.

Abstract: Processes for producing branched fluoroalkyl olefins are disclosed. In addition, novel halo-fluoroalkane intermediates are disclosed that may be used in the branched fluoroalkyl olefin production processes. Non-limiting examples of branched fluoroalkyl olefins include branched fluorobutenes, such as 1,3,4,4,4-pentafluoro-3-trifluoromethyl)but-1-ene (HFO-1438ezy). In some aspects, there is disclosed a method for dehydrobrominating 4-bromo-1,1,1,2,4-pentafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)butane to produce 1,3,4,4,4-pentafluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)but-1-ene (HFO-1438ezy).

Abstract: An azeotropic or quasi-azeotropic composition including hydrogen fluoride, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and one or more (hydro)halogen-carbon compounds including between 1 and 3 carbon atoms. Also, a preferred azeotropic or quasi-azeotropic composition including hydrogen fluoride, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, and one or more compounds selected from among 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-chloropropene, E-3,3,3-trifluoro-l-chloropropene, trifluoropropyne, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene and 2-chloro, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane.

Abstract: Provided is a simple and industrially advantageous method for producing 2,7-octadien-1-ol, in which an expensive palladium catalyst is recovered in high efficiency and the reaction rate per atom of palladium is enhanced. Specifically, provided is a method for producing 2,7-octadien-1-ol by subjecting butadiene and water to a telomerization in the presence of a palladium catalyst containing a water-soluble triarylphosphine having two or more sulfonate groups in the molecule and a palladium compound, a tertiary amine, and carbon dioxide, including a step of mixing the telomerization solution obtained by the telomerization with an organic solvent having a dielectric constant at 25° C. of 2 to 18, followed by carrying out phase separation in the presence of carbon dioxide, thereby obtaining 2,7-octadien-1-ol from an organic phase while recovering an aqueous phase including the palladium catalyst. By this production method, the selectivity for 2,7-octadien-1-ol is enhanced.

Abstract: A process for producing phenol and/or cyclohexanone by cleaving cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide in a loop cleavage reactor comprising multiple reaction zones connected in series. In desirable embodiments, fresh cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide feed(s) are supplied to reaction zones the final reaction zone, and fresh acid catalyst is supplied only to the final reaction zone. In desirable embodiments, a portion of the effluent exiting the final reaction zone is recycled to the first reaction zone. Each reaction zone is equipped with a heat exchanger downstream of the feed port to extract heat generated from the cleavage reaction.

Abstract: A novel vinyl-group-containing fluorene compound and a method for producing the same, a polymerizable monomer and cross-linking agent including this compound, a leaving-group-containing fluorene compound, a monovinyl-group-containing fluorene compound, and methods for producing the same. This vinyl-group-containing fluorene compound is represented by formula (1). In the formula, W1 and W2 represent a group represented by formula (2), a group represented by formula (4), a hydroxyl group, or a (meth)acryloyloxy group, R3a and R3b represent a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a monovalent hydrocarbon, and n1 and n2 are integers of 0-4. In formulas (2) and (4), a ring (Z) is an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, X is a single bond or a group represented by —S—, R1 is a single bond or a C1-4 alkylene group, R2 is a specific substituent group such as a monovalent hydrocarbon, and m is an integer of 0 or greater.

Abstract: A composition containing a novel vinyl-group-containing compound. This composition contains a vinyl-group-containing compound represented by general formula (1). In the formula: W1 and W2 represent a group represented by general formula (2) (where a ring (Z) is an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, X is a single bond or —S—, R1 is a single bond or a C1-4 alkylene group, R2 is a specific substituent group such as a monovalent hydrocarbon, and m is an integer equal to 0 or higher), a group represented by general formula (4) (where the ring (Z), X, R1, R2, and m are as previously stated), a hydroxyl group, or a (meth)acryloyloxy group; rings (Y1, Y2) are aromatic hydrocarbon rings; R represents a single bond or a specific divalent group; R3a and R3b represent a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group; and n1 and n2 are integers of 0-4.

Abstract: The invention has an object of providing an economical and highly efficient process for producing a cyclohexanone compound such as cyclohexanone. An aspect of the invention resides in a process for producing a cyclohexanone compound by performing hydrogenation reaction of a phenol compound in a gas phase in the presence of a palladium catalyst supported on a carrier to produce the corresponding cyclohexanone compound, wherein the hydrogenation reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one nitrogen compound selected from ammonia, amine compounds and heteroaromatic compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing styrene, comprising reacting benzene and acetic acid into methyl phenyl ketone and converting the methyl phenyl ketone into styrene. Preferably, the methyl phenyl ketone is converted into styrene by converting the methyl phenyl ketone into methyl phenyl carbinol and converting the methyl phenyl carbinol into styrene.