Abstract: A thin-plate-like flexible carbon plate having flexibility, excellent compressive strength, and even electrical conductivity is provided. A carbon plate 1 is a carbon plate having a thickness of 0.05 to 2.0 mm obtained by compression molding of a mixture of (a) 97 to 80 wt % carbon powder composed of 95 to 30 wt % expanded graphite powder and 5 to 70 wt % graphite powder, and (b) 3 to 20 wt % phenolic resin that do not contain ammonia, wherein a compressive strength is 3 MPa or more, a bending strain is 0.6% or more without a crack, and a contact resistance is 6 m?·cm2 or less.

Abstract: A graphene dot structure and a method of manufacturing the same. The graphene dot structure includes a core including a semiconductor material; and a graphene shell formed on the surface of the core. The graphene dot structure may form a network.

Abstract: Techniques for fabricating diamond nanostructures including application of a self-assembled hard mask to a surface of a diamond substrate to define a pattern of masked regions having a predetermined diameter surrounded by an exposed portion. The exposed portion can be vertically etched to a predetermined depth using inductively coupled plasma to form a plurality of nanoposts corresponding to the masked regions. The nanoposts can be harvested to obtain a nanostructure with a diameter corresponding to the predetermined diameter and a length corresponding to the predetermined depth.

Abstract: The invention provides chunk polycrystalline silicon having a concentration of carbon at the surface of 0.5-35 ppbw. A process for cleaning polycrystalline silicon chunks having carbon contaminations at the surface, includes a thermal treatment of the polycrystalline silicon chunks in a reactor at a temperature of 350 to 600° C., the polycrystalline silicon chunks being present in an inert gas atmosphere during the thermal treatment, and the polycrystalline silicon chunks after the thermal treatment having a concentration of carbon at the surface of 0.5-35 ppbw.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing trichlorosilane, including: a reaction vessel in which a supply gas containing silicon tetrachloride and hydrogen is supplied to produce a reaction product gas containing trichlorosilane and hydrogen chloride; a heating mechanism that heats the interior of the reaction vessel; a gas supply section that supplies the supply gas in the reaction vessel; and a gas discharge section that discharges the reaction product gas from the reaction vessel to the outside, wherein a reaction passageway is formed in the interior of the reaction vessel, in which a plurality of small spaces partitioned by a plurality of reaction tubular walls that have different inner diameters and are substantially concentrically disposed communicate by flow penetration sections formed alternately in lower portions and upper portions of the reaction tubular walls in order from the inside, and the gas supply section and the gas discharge section are connected to the reaction passageway.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel method for producing a field grading powder, to novel field grading powder and their uses and method of uses. The method for producing the field grading powder with semi-conductor properties comprises the steps of i) ball milling under high energy a metal powder and a boron compound for creating an homogenous powder, ii) firing the homogenous powder at a temperature and a time sufficient to create a metal boride powder, and iii) cooling down the metal boride powder from step b) for obtaining a field grading powder having semi-conductor properties.

Abstract: Process for preparing hydrocyanic acid by thermolysis of gaseous formamide in a reactor in the presence of a catalyst, wherein a) the catalyst is (i) an aluminum oxide catalyst which comprises from 90 to 100% by weight, preferably from 99 to 100% by weight, of aluminum oxide as component A, from 0 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0 to 1% by weight, of silicon dioxide as component B and from 0 to not more than 0.1% by weight of iron or iron-comprising compounds as component C, where the total sum of the components A, B and C is 100% by weight, and has (ii) a BET surface area, measured in accordance with DIN ISO 9277: 2003 May, of <1 m2/g and is (iii) heat treated at temperatures of >1400° C. for from 1 to 30 hours, preferably ?1500° C. for from 1 to 30 hours, particularly preferably at from 1500° C. to 1800° C.

Abstract: A method of producing barium titanate that includes making a slurry by dispersing barium titanate powder in a solvent such as ethanol. Then, in a high-pressure vessel, substituting supercritical fluid including carbon dioxide gas, for example, for the solvent in the slurry. Then, separating the barium titanate powder from the supercritical fluid by gasifying the supercritical fluid. Then, performing a heat treatment on the separated barium titanate powders to produce the barium titanate.

Abstract: A method to recycle TiB2 articles, and in particular, a method to recycle a TiB2 feedstock including TiB2 articles and Ti-ore and/or Ti-slag by chlorination.

Abstract: There are provided methods for preparing hematite. For example, the method can comprise reacting a basic aqueous composition comprising the iron and the aluminum with hematite under conditions suitable for at least partially converting the iron into hematite under the form of a precipitate, thereby obtaining a liquid phase and a solid phase; and separating the liquid phase from the solid phase.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and system to monitor and/or determine a variety of parameters of a liquid stream in a system and to administer a treatment agent based on the determined parameters. Furthermore, the system and method of the present disclosure provide the ability to record and validate the determined parameters, as well the treatment methods employed and/or the operating parameters of the system.

Abstract: Liquid treatment systems (e.g., water treatment systems) with enhanced components and systems are disclosed. For example, the water treatment system may be enhanced by incorporating a location determination component and one or more measurement components (e.g., to measure temperature, flow, pH, composition, etc.). A data store of location information may be created comprising current and/or historical location of the water treatment system. Using transmission capabilities, the water treatment system may transmit collected data to a remote server for, inter alia, storage, aggregation, filtering, and/or analysis. Collectively, the aggregate data from a plurality of networked water treatment systems may form a repository of information that offers synergistic benefits that improve numerous aspects of water treatment systems and the related systems and users to which those water treatment systems provide service.

Abstract: A method of emulsion extraction and processing from an oil/water separator, comprising detecting an emulsion parameter, passing an emulsion stream out of the separator, combining the emulsion stream with a water stream exiting the separator to create a diluted emulsion, dynamically adjusting a dilution of the diluted emulsion based at least in part on the emulsion parameter, and separating the diluted emulsion into an underflow stream comprising substantially water and a reject stream comprising substantially oil.

Abstract: A filter material having a function of adsorbing and fixing arsenic and heavy metals and usage thereof. The filter material includes a porous ceramic substrate with porosity of 35%-85%, and zero-valent iron nanoparticles formed in situ within the porous ceramic substrate. The porous ceramic substrate has micropores of 2-10 micron, and fluffy amorphous silicon-iron-carbon structure is formed within each micropore. At least 25 wt % of ceramic component constituting the porous ceramic substrate is diatomaceous earth, and the fluffy amorphous silicon-iron-carbon structure within the micropore can form an adsorption film after water absorption. In the microstructure, the filter material obtained is configured as a porous and fluffy nose-like filter structure and generates an adsorption film, thereby greatly improving adsorption efficiency and adapting to changes in water quality and chemical environment.

Abstract: A UV lamp module having a frame and at least two lamp units, wherein each lamp unit includes a UV lamp extending in an axial direction, a jacket tube enclosing the UV lamp, electrical connections and a head section for fastening the lamp unit to the frame, wherein for each lamp unit, a fastening device is provided by which the lamp unit can be separably connected to the frame in the region of the head section.

Abstract: In a water purification apparatus, a light source irradiates the water, passing through the flow passage, with ultraviolet light. The light source has a light emitting diode that emits the ultraviolet light whose wavelength is contained in a bandwidth of 220 nm or above to less than 300 nm, and the optical output in this wavelength bandwidth is in a range of 1 W to 50 W. The flow passage passes the water at a flow rate of 5 mL/second to 250 mL/second. The flow passage is formed by a wall surface having a tubular shape. A window through which the ultraviolet light is passed is provided in at least part of the wall surface.

Abstract: Several prototype systems are described for separating oil and water from emulsions. The systems operate at ultrasonic resonance and are thus low power. Each system contains one or more acoustic transducers operating in the 100 kHz to 5 MHz range. Each system contains flow input for the emulsion and two or more flow outputs for the separated oil and water. Existing prototypes operate from 200 mL/min to >15 L/min. Each uses low power in the range of 1-5 W.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a porous membrane for a water purification purpose, which can be used even under high water pressures and which has both virus-removing performance and water permeability. The problem can be solved as follows: a porous membrane is provided, wherein the average pore shorter-axis diameter in one surface is smaller than that in the other surface, and in a cross section of the membrane in the thickness direction, the pore diameters increase from one surface toward the other surface to have at least one maximum value and then decrease. The membrane has a layer which is provided on the side of the surface having a larger average pore shorter-axis diameter and which has pore diameters of 130 nm or less in the cross section of the membrane, wherein the layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 20 ?m inclusive and the layer has pores each having a pore diameter of 100 to 130 nm inclusive.

Abstract: Improved methods and systems for treating wastewaters produced in mining and/or subterranean well bore operations are provided. In one embodiment, the systems comprise: an electro-coagulation unit that receives wastewater from a wastewater source, performs an electro-coagulation treatment on the wastewater using one or more EC cells, and produces a first fluid stream that comprises one or more solid materials and a liquid effluent; a solids separation unit coupled downstream of and in fluid communication with the electro-coagulation unit that separates at least a portion of the solid materials in the first fluid stream from the liquid effluent; and a filter comprising a metal-bearing filtration media coupled downstream of and in fluid communication with the solids separation unit that filters the liquid effluent from the solids separation unit to produce a treated water stream.

Abstract: A static devolatilisation apparatus (1) for germ reduction of a fluid is disclosed. The apparatus (1) comprises a housing (10), an inlet (12), an outlet (14), a fluid-contacting surface (20) comprising a biocide (22) embodied to reduce the germ count of the fluid (2), wherein the fluid-contacting surface (20) is a fluid-contacting surface (20) of a static mixing element (30). The present invention further relates to a process for reducing the germ count of a fluid containing germs (2?) using the apparatus (1) and also to the use of the apparatus (1) in the germ reduction of fuel oil, of food products, or water decontamination, preferably decontamination of waste water, industrial process water, or the treatment of drinking water.

Abstract: The suspended solids content of a Bayer process stream is reduced by contacting the stream with silicon-containing polymers.

Abstract: Hybrid zero-valent iron systems and methods for treating a fluid containing a contaminant that removes or reduces the concentration of contaminants, such as toxic metals, metalloids, oxyanions, and dissolved silica.

Abstract: A water treatment device and methods of treating water such as cooling tower water, agricultural water, water used in the production of oil and/or gas, swimming pool water, and hot tub or spa water, are described. The water treatment device utilizes ultraviolet radiation, a magnetic field, and ozone fortified air to treat the water, typically resulting in reduced microbial contamination and reduced alkalinity in cooling tower water. Cooling tower water may consequently be run at higher cycles of concentration while reducing or eliminating deposition of minerals on cooling tower components. Swimming pool water and hot tub water treated with the water treatment device typically requires less chlorine, and chlorine levels are typically more stable than without the device.

Abstract: A liquid treatment device (100) including: a structure (10) having a first surface (10a) and a second surface (10b), the structure including: a conductor (11) arranged between the first surface (10a) and the second surface (10b), the conductor including a first portion (11a) exposed to outside at the first surface (10a) and a second portion (11b) exposed to outside at the second surface (10b), and the conductor electrically connecting the first portion (11a) and the second portion (11b); and an ion transfer layer (15) arranged between the first surface (10a) and the second surface (10b), the ion transfer layer (15) arranged between the first surface (10a) and the second surface (10b), allowing hydrogen ions to move therethrough; and a first treatment tank (12) for holding a first liquid to be treated (17) therein, wherein the first surface (10a) of the structure (10) is located inside the first treatment tank (12).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for biological removal of nitrogen from wastewater comprising: (a) providing a stream of wastewater comprising ammonium; (b) continuously supplying the stream of wastewater to a reactor containing granular sludge comprising granules having a core of anammox bacteria and an outer rim of ammonia oxidizing bacteria; (c) subjecting the wastewater in the reactor to ammonium oxidation under ammonium oxidizing conditions comprising a temperature in the range of from 5 to 25° C., a concentration of dissolved oxygen in the wastewater in the range of from 0.4 mg/L to 4.0 mg/L, and a hydraulic retention time of the wastewater in the reactor in the range of from 0.5 hours to 1.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of purified water from a reverse osmosis reject stream includes preconditioning a reject stream to remove scaling ions and provide preconditioned water; separating any precipitate that forms in the preconditioned water to form a feed stream; subjecting the feed stream to high pressure membrane filtration system including a recirculating, high pressure pump generating a permeate stream and a second reject stream; adding a make-up water stream to the feed stream; and separating the permeate stream as purified water. Additional features and embodiments are also provided.

Abstract: The invention refers to the electrolytic treatment of olive mill waste water with recovery of the residual oil, removal and valorization of the solids and subsequently to the wet oxidation of oil free waste through electrolytic produced oxidants, the inactivation of the oxidants, the passing of the treated wastewater through activated carbon and their final treatment by the process of reverse osmosis and the recovery of the Sodium Chloride that is recycled, returning in the process of the electrolytic treatment of the oil free olive mill waste water.

Abstract: Embodiments of scalable systems and methods for treating and/or processing a variety of waste streams from any oil or gas exploration and/or production activity, including both fluid and solid wastes. In one embodiment, a water treatment facility and/or system comprises one or more input stations for receiving solid wastes and/or fluid wastes, one or more oil and water separation systems for separating oil and hydrocarbons from the fluid, and a plurality of water treatment processes and/or systems to remove solids from the fluid. In other embodiments, a solids treatment system is disclosed that can process solid wastes from any oil or gas exploration and/or production activity as well as the water treatment facility. The treated water and solids can be used for beneficial re-use applications (both off-site and on-site) without any deep well injection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for ultra-dehydrating thickened or pasty biomass products, in particular sludge from wastewater treatment plants, according to which the products, in particular products having a dryness of 4% to 25%, are subjected to the following steps: hydrothermal carbonisation treatment, including pressurization (1, 2) and thermal conditioning (30) for a duration in a closed reactor (4); followed by dehydration of the products by a ram press (12), obtaining a dryness of more than 50%; the temperature of the product upstream from the ram press dehydration being regulated by cooling between 40° C. and 90° C., advantageously to around 70° C., in order to optimise the filterability in the piston press; the steps of the method being performed in a confined space making it possible to prevent the release of smells into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a multi-tone glass vessel includes depositing a molten-glass first gob of a first glass color into a mold having a lower end and an upper end. An initial quantity of gas is injected into the mold in order to form a gob cavity within the first gob and cause the first gob to partially inflate and expand toward the upper end of the mold. A molten-glass second gob of a second glass color is deposited into the mold over the partially-inflated first gob. The introduction of a second quantity of gas into the gob cavity within the mold forms the first and second gobs into a single, multi-tone vessel of predetermined shape.

Abstract: A parison forming apparatus comprising: a molding die into which a gob is introduced; a plunger 1 entering into the inside of the molding die for forming a parison from the gob together with the molding die; a cylinder that allows the plunger 1 to reciprocally move with respect to the molding die; and a cooling device for introducing cooling air into the inside of the plunger 1 to cool the plunger 1. The base end portion of the plunger 1 is connected to and held by the head of a piston rod 12 of the cylinder via a plunger holding mechanism 2. The plunger holding mechanism 2 has an adapter 21 connected to the head of the piston rod 12, and the adapter 21 is integrally provided with a tubular part 33 having a fitting hole 32 adapted to the cylindrical outer shape of the base end portion of the plunger 1.

Abstract: An apparatus for fusion draw glass manufacture, including at least one isopipe (110) having at least one weir (114); and a fluid discharge member in proximity to the at least one weir (114) of the at least one isopipe (110), the fluid discharge member is in fluid communication with a remote fluid source. The fluid source can be a source of a gas, liquid, solid or radiation. The fluid can be heated or cooled. At least one of the temperature properties, flow properties and thickness properties of the molten glass can be locally changed with the discharged fluid. A method of forming a glass-glass laminate sheet and uses of the laminate sheet are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is aimed to provide a method for producing a glass substrate with a thickness of not more than 200 ?m, which is satisfied with the quality required for a substrate on which a thin-film electric circuit is formed, and a sheet glass substrate obtained according to this method. The present invention is concerned with a method for producing a glass substrate having a sheet thickness of from 10 to 200 ?m, including a forming step of forming a molten glass into a ribbon shape in accordance with a down draw method, an annealing step of annealing the glass ribbon, and a cutting step of cutting the glass ribbon to give a glass substrate, wherein an average cooling rate in a temperature range of from the (annealing point +200° C.) to the (annealing point +50° C.) is controlled to the range of from 300 to 2,500° C./min.

Abstract: A glass frit having a low melting point containing (A) Ag2O, (B) V2O5, and (C) at least one first oxide selected from the group consisting of MoO3, ZnO, CuO, TiO2, Bi2O3, MnO2, MgO, Nb2O5, BaO and P2O5. The glass frit preferably contains 40 to 70% by mass of (A), 10 to 40% by mass of (B), and 0.5 to 30% by mass of (C) with respect to the total mass in terms of oxides. Furthermore, the glass frit preferably has a mass ratio (Ag2O/V2O5) of (A) to (B) of 1.8 to 3.2.

Abstract: Process for treatment by an ion beam of a glass material where: the acceleration voltage of the ions is between 5 kV and 1000 kV; the temperature of the glass material is less than or equal to the glass transition temperature; the dose of nitrogen (N) or oxygen (O) ions per unit of surface area is chosen within a range of between 1012 ions/cm2 and 1018 ions/cm2 so as to reduce the contact angle of a drop of water below 20°; a prior pretreatment is carried out with argon (Ar), krypton (Kr) or xenon (Xe) ions in order to stengthen the durability of the superhydrophilic treatment. Superhydrophilic glass materials of long duration are thus advantageously obtained.

Abstract: In a process for the production of cement clinker, in which raw meal is preheated in a preheater (3) using the hot exhaust gases from a clinker kiln, and the preheated raw meal, which is optionally calcined in a calciner (4), is burned to clinker in the clinker kiln (2), wherein the preheater (3) comprises at least one string of a plurality of cyclone suspension-type heat exchangers (8, 9, 10), through which the kiln exhaust gas successively flows and in which the raw meal is preheated in stages, a partial stream of the kiln exhaust gas is diverted such that only a remaining residual stream of the kiln exhaust gas is utilized for preheating the raw meal.

Abstract: The process using multiple waste streams to manufacture synthetic lightweight aggregate includes providing a mixture of aggregate wash and at least one of another waste stream, such as waste lube oil or sewage sludge. The mixture is formed into pellets and subjected to various firing stages and temperatures in which the calcination and subsequent bloating occurs. The mixture can also be added to natural clays to form corresponding pellets. The bloating promotes formation of porous cavities, and once cooled, the pellets form lightweight, low density synthetic aggregates suitable for use as building materials, thermal insulators, and the like.

Abstract: Construction materials are described that contain polyoxymethylene fibers. The polyoxymethylene fibers are treated with a sizing composition that improves dispersibility. In addition to improving dispersibility, the sizing composition improves various physical properties of the resulting hardened structural material. The sizing composition, for instance, can increase impact resistance, flexural strength, compressive strength, and/or residual strength in comparison to an identical construction material containing polyoxymethylene fibers that are untreated.

Abstract: A shrinkage compensating concrete does not require restraint. The expansive forces developed during hydration compensate for concrete shrinkage, obviating the need for any added internal or external restraint element. Using this new shrinkage compensating concrete, substantially crack-free slabs may be built without using restraining steel bars, fibers, or other separate restraining element. The shrinkage compensating concrete includes a cement that develops internal expansive forces that never exceed the tensile strength of the concrete, such that the internal expansion compensates for the concrete shrinkage. The expansive cement may be an ASTMS, M or S cement, or other expansive cements may also be used.

Abstract: A lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition includes a first crystal phase made of an alkali niobate/tantalate type perovskite oxide having piezoelectric properties, and a second crystal phase made of an M-Ti—O spinel compound (where the element M is a monovalent to quadrivalent element).

Abstract: Provided is a cubic boron nitride sintered body having good wear resistance and fracture resistance. A method for manufacturing a cubic boron nitride sintered body of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a cubic boron nitride sintered body having a cubic boron nitride particle content of 80% by volume or more and 99% by volume or less. The method includes a first step of preparing cubic boron nitride particles; a second step of coating surfaces of the cubic boron nitride particles with a coating material so as to obtain coated particles; a third step of mixing the coated particles and a binder to obtain a mixture; and a fourth step of sintering the mixture.

Abstract: PCBN material consisting of cBN grains dispersed in a matrix, the content of the cBN grains being in the range of about 35 to about 70 volume % of the PCBN material. The matrix comprises at least one kind of chemical compound that includes aluminium (Al) and at least one kind of chemical compound that includes titanium (Ti). The size distribution of the cBN grains exposed at a surface of the PCBN material is such that at least about 50% per cent of the total equivalent circle area (ECA) arises from cBN intercept lengths up to 5 microns. At least about 20 per cent of the total ECA arises from cBN intercept lengths greater than about 5 microns.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a molded body as well as to a molded body, having a silicon carbide support matrix and an integral carbon structure, wherein a base body on the basis of a powder mixture containing silicon carbide or silicon and carbon and of a binder is built in layers in a generative method, and wherein a pyrolysis of the base body is effected for realizing the molded body after the binder has been cured, wherein the carbon content of the carbon structure is adjusted by way of the pyrolysis of the binder and by way of the carbon content of the powder mixture or infiltration of a carbon material into the silicon carbide support matrix.

Abstract: Provided are: an apparatus and a method for producing a (metal plate)-(ceramic board) laminated assembly, a bonding material and a metal plate during the bonding of the metal plate to the ceramic board through the bonding-material layer and an apparatus and a method for producing a power-module substrate. An apparatus for producing a (metal plate)-(ceramic board) laminated assembly by laminating a metal plate having a temporary bonding material formed thereon on a ceramic board having a bonding-material layer formed thereon, the apparatus being equipped with: a conveying device which conveys the metal plate onto the ceramic board to laminate the ceramic board and the metal plate on each other; and a heating device which is arranged in the middle of a passage of the conveyance of the metal plate by the conveying device and melts the temporary-bonding material on the metal plate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to pelletized synthetic gypsum and methods and systems for producing pelletized synthetic gypsum. Synthetic gypsum is combined with a binder composition and pelletized to a desired size. The binder composition may include lignosulfonate. Additives may be included in the pellets such as various plant nutrients and micro-nutrients. An additive may include elemental sulfur.

Abstract: An horticultural blend is disclosed. The horticultural blend includes coal refuse and slag blended with at least a portion of the coal refuse. The coal refuse has a particle size, the particle size corresponding with all material in the coal refuse having a maximum dimension of less than about 2 inches and at least about 25% of the material in the coal refuse being capable of passing through a standard number 4 sieve. The horticultural blend has a pH within a range of about 3.5 and about 10 and the horticultural blend facilitates growth of vegetation when applied to a coal refuse pile at a thickness of less than about 2 feet.

Abstract: Reaction products and methods for making and using the same are provided. In at least one specific embodiment, the fertilizer can include a nitrogen source comprising urea, ammonia, ammonium nitrate, or any combination thereof and a reaction product of formaldehyde, an ammonia source, and a nitrification inhibitor.

Abstract: Manufacture is carried out in a continuous manner while simultaneously loading the blast holes in a device with mixing capability where (a) a less sensitive or non-explosive water-based matrix containing a cross-linkable polymer, (b) a cross-linking agent for cross-linking the polymer contained in the matrix, (c) a gas-generating agent, are mixed. The presence of the polymer distributed uniformly in the matrix together with the cross-linking agent results in a three-dimensional network formed by molecular polymer chains bound to one another in a short period of time after mixing. The process can be performed in trucks for loading explosives in blast holes having compartments for the different components of the mixture and one or several mixing devices allowing the manufacture of the final mixture which would be unloaded into the blast holes either by means of a pump or an auger.

Abstract: This invention relates to detonator-sensitive assembled booster charges for use in blasting engineering. The booster charge comprises nitroalkane and a cavity-forming agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to Insensitive Munition (IM) energetic materials particularly non-phthalate IM propellant compositions. An energetic composition suitable for use as a propellant comprises the following components in the following relative proportions: component A; from 60% to 90% by weight of a highly energetic filler comprising at least one nitramine compound; and component B: from 5% to 20% by weight of a binder, component C: from and 3% to 15% of a plasticiser wherein the plasticiser comprises formula (A) of from 1% to 9% by weight, wherein Formula (A) is a diester plasticiser of R1—OC(O)—R3—C(O)O—R2, ??Formula (A) wherein R1, R2, and R3 are independently selected from C3 to C10 alkyl or alkenyl. the percentages by weight of components A, B and C, together with minor additives, if any, adding to 100%.