Abstract: A method comprising applying an In-phase (I) offset to an I component of an orthogonal pseudo-random coded direct current (DC) bias signal, applying a Quadrature-phase (Q) offset to a Q component of the orthogonal pseudo-random coded DC bias signal, applying an I dither signal to an I Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), wherein the I dither signal is based on the I component of the orthogonal pseudo-random coded DC bias signal, applying a Q dither signal to a Q MZM, wherein the Q dither signal is based on the Q component of the orthogonal pseudo-random coded DC bias signal, and performing arbitrary waveform generation (AWG) by modulating an analog data signal onto an optical carrier signal via the MZMs, wherein the I offset and the Q offset are selected to mitigate crosstalk between the I MZM and the Q MZM due to a finite extinction ratio.

Abstract: An optical network unit (ONU) comprising a media access controller (MAC) configured to support biasing a laser transmitter to compensate for temperature related wavelength drift receiving a transmission timing instruction from an optical network control node, obtaining transmission power information for the laser transmitter, estimating a burst mode time period for the laser transmitter according to the transmission timing instruction, and calculating a laser phase fine tuning compensation value for the laser transmitter according to the burst mode time period and the transmission power information, and forwarding the laser phase fine tuning compensation value toward a bias controller to support biasing a phase of the laser transmitter.

Abstract: An apparatus, e.g. an optical receiver, includes an optical front end and a processor. The optical front end is configured to coherently receive an input optical signal and convert the input optical signal to a digital-electrical data stream. The processor is configured to recover a data stream from the digital-electrical data stream. The processor is further configured to compare a correlation pattern of the recovered data stream with a pre-determined correlation pattern. The processor is further configured to determine, from the comparison, coefficients of a filter configured to recover data encoded on the input digital-electrical data stream.

Abstract: A planar lightwave circuit includes a substrate in which a groove being formed, the groove dividing the substrate into a first area and a second area; a first filter, a second filter, and a third filter intruded into the groove; as are formed in the first area, a first and a second waveguides formed to guide signal light and local oscillation light; a third and a fourth waveguides formed to guide signal light and local oscillation light; a first 90-degree optical hybrid; as are formed in the second area, a fifth and sixth waveguides formed to guide signal light and local oscillation light; and a second 90-degree optical hybrid.

Abstract: Broadband access networks are driving the upgrade of DWDM networks from 10 Gb/s per channel to more spectrally-efficient 40 Gb/s or 100 Gb/s. Signal quality degradation due to linear and non-linear impairments are significant and error control coding and signal processing solutions play increasingly key roles in meeting increasing demand, providing improved quality of service, and reduced cost. It would be beneficial to reduce the power consumption of optical receivers for optical links exploiting for example LPDC encoding. Accordingly, the inventors have established a low complexity soft-decision front-end compatible with deployable LDPC codes in next-generation optical transmission systems. Beneficially the optical receiver design can be retro-fitted into deployed hard-decision based optical systems and replaces the 3-to-2 encoder of the prior art in the electrical portion of the receiver with a single gate design. Further, the design may act as a 2-bit Flash ADC in multimode fiber based optical receivers.

Abstract: A received optical signal is coherently demodulated and converted into electrical complex samples (p(n); (px(n), py(n)), which are dispersion compensated in a compensation filter (11). A control circuit (12, 13, 14, 15) calculates comparison values (R1, R2) from corrected samples q(n) and an estimated error value (?MIN). A plurality of compensation function (T(M)) is applied according to a predetermined dispersion (CD) range and after a second iteration is the compensation filter (11) set to an optimum compensation function (T(M)).

Abstract: A backplane device may include an electrical bus, an optical fabric, and a plurality of card sockets. A particular one of the plurality of card sockets may include a first socket configured to receive a first electrical connector of a card and electrically connect the first electrical connector to the electrical bus; and a conversion device comprising a second socket configured to receive a second electrical connector of the card; and an optical transceiver configured to convert electrical signals received from the second electrical connector to optical signals and provide the optical signals to the optical fabric; and convert optical signals received from the optical fabric to electrical signals and provide the electrical signals to the second electrical connector.

Abstract: An electrical insulation configuration for an electrical device having a power circuit includes a first insulation device to provide a level of basic insulation between the power circuit and a user, and an additive insulation device in series with the first insulation device, the additive insulation device to increase the level of basic insulation to a level of double insulation or reinforced insulation between the power circuit and the user.

Abstract: Subsea power and data communications apparatus, subsea wireless sensor hubs assemblies, subsea wireless sensor hubs, and methods of providing power to and receiving data from subsea data gathering devices, are provided. An exemplary apparatus can include subsea sensors/gauges, batteries to power the sensors/gauges, charging circuits for controlling charging of the batteries, one or more BOP control pods, an RTU, and a subsea wireless connection hub. The hub can include a stationary wheel carrying wireless stationary connection members each electrically connected to a battery and a respective subset of sensors/gauges. The hub can also include a rotatable wheel carrying a single wireless movable connection member configured to provide power to each of the stationary connection members and to receive data from the stationary connection members. A motor is provided to rotate the rotatable wheel to position the mobile connection member in front of a selected one of the stationary connection members.

Abstract: One example embodiment provides a system, apparatus, and method for using polynomial models in tone calibration for quadrature error correction in I/Q receivers. In one example embodiment, method for calibrating an I/Q receiver is provided and includes receiving a first mismatch parameter indicating a mismatch between I and Q channels of the I/Q receiver; and estimating a second mismatch parameter from the first mismatch parameter using a polynomial model.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for estimating signal and noise powers in a received signal set. For example, one embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining signal power and noise power. The method uses a storage medium that includes a Na×Nw data pattern. The Na×Nw data pattern includes Na bits repeated Nw times. Both Na and Nw are each greater than one. The methods further include performing an initial read of the Na×Nw data pattern, which is stored to a first register.

Abstract: An Emergency Alert System (EAS) alert message is distributed in multiple languages. The multiple language EAS alert message can be provided via a single channel and/or multiple channels. The multiple language EAS alert message can be provided with a language vector indicating the languages provided and the location of respective language specific EAS alert messages. A mobile device receiving the multiple language EAS alert message, selects a preferred language specific EAS alert message and renders the EAS alert message in the preferred language.

Abstract: In a radio broadcast receiving apparatus and a broadcast frequency detection method, a frequency fm at which a reception strength (an S meter value) that is equal to or greater than a threshold value Th0 and is greater than reception strengths at frequencies (fm?1) and (fm+1) adjacent to the frequency fm by one step by X or more, is detected as a broadcast reception frequency that is a frequency at which a receivable broadcast is performed. The value of X is set so that it increases with the increase in the reception strength (S meter value) at the frequency fm. As a result, a frequency at which a broadcast is performed can be more accurately detected.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of detecting and correcting skew across a plurality of transmitting lanes. Through the use of an N framer system, including a frame start signal and a frame synchronization signal, skew can be detected and corrected by writing data from a plurality of framers into offsetting bit locations of a plurality of buffers. The present invention also provides a method of transmitting data in a multiple lane distribution (MLD) transmission system.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of indicating a resource occupancy scheme and processing a resource occupancy scheme indicator so as to enable a UE to be aware a resource occupancy scheme of the network side and avoid an unnecessary power waste and unnecessary interference, and in the method, a base station generates a corresponding resource indicator for a resource occupancy scheme of a legacy control resource area and an enhanced control resource area in each downlink subframe to be transmitted in a specific periodicity and sends the resource indicator to a UE in a resource indication message, and the UE determines from the obtained resource indicator the resource occupancy scheme of the legacy control resource area and the enhanced control resource area in each downlink subframe to be transmitted in the specific periodicity and performs a corresponding resource handling mode, so that the UE can blindly detect in PDCCH common and user spaces or receive control information carried on PHICH resource at an accurat

Abstract: A signal detection circuit includes: a first optical filter configured to filter an optical signal carrying a frequency modulated signal with a first transmission band; a second optical filter configured to filter the optical signal with a second transmission band; a first photo detector configured to convert the output light of the first optical filter into a first electrical signal; a second photo detector configured to convert the output light of the second optical filter into a second electrical signal; a difference circuit configured to output a signal representing a difference between the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal; and a detector configured to detect the frequency modulated signal based on the output signal of the difference circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus determines, in response to demands for traffic between nodes in a network transmitting wavelength-multiplexed optical-signals, routes each providing connection between nodes, and estimates, for each link, communication-channels to be established, based on a wavelength-constraint condition that the number of communication-channels to be established be not greater than a first upper-limit for available optical-signal wavelengths. The apparatus assigns wavelengths to the communication-channels, based on a system-constraint condition that the number of optical-signals having an identical wavelength and redundantly usable be not greater than a second upper-limit for available transmission-systems. The apparatus determines a target-number of wavelengths for reducing a required number of transmission-systems.

Abstract: An optical receiver having a plurality of optical IQ modulators arranged in a butterfly configuration and configured to operate as an optical polarization de-multiplexer. The optical receiver further has (i) an opto-electric circuit configured to apply optical homodyne detection to an optical input signal received by the optical receiver and (ii) a controller configured to generate one or more control signals for driving the IQ modulators of the plurality based on one or more electrical feedback signals received from the opto-electric circuit.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for transferring data along a link with a 10GBASE-T transceiver at a variable data rate are disclosed. One exemplary method includes detecting a link quality metric; and selecting a symbol transmission rate and a data modulation scheme based on the detected link quality metric. In many implementations, for a selected symbol transmission rate, if the detected link quality metric is less than a link quality threshold, then the selecting of the data modulation scheme is performed such that a data bit per symbol value represented by the selected data modulation scheme is decreased by at least ½ data bit per symbol. The selected symbol transmission rate and the selected modulation together represent a selectable data rate from a selection of data rates.

Abstract: A shared control channel structure includes at least one control channel to be allocated at least to a user for at least one of uplink and downlink directions in a network, which the at least one control channel is arranged as at least a part of a modular structure comprising of modular code blocks on at least two different sizes. One of such modular structures may be represented as a tree structure in particular, where each of the modular code blocks define one node of the tree, respectively.

Abstract: A link quality reporting method and apparatus, and a carrier selection method and apparatus, for a multicarrier communication system utilizing carrier aggregation are disclosed. In the system, the user equipment measures, for each component carrier divided into a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) resource region and a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) resource region, link quality of the PDSCH resource region and the PDCCH resource region of the component carrier and sends measured link quality information as feedback information to the base station, and the base station adaptively selects a set of component carriers for control information transmission (i.e., a PDCCH Component Carrier (CC) SET) and a set of component carriers for data transmission (i.e., a DownLink (DL) CC SET) on the basis of the feedback information.

Abstract: A method of transmitting a broadcast signal includes encoding mobile data for FEC (Forward Error Correction); encoding signaling information for signaling the mobile data; allocating the encoded mobile data and signaling data into a transmission frame; and transmitting the broadcast signal including the transmission frame, wherein the transmission frame includes a service signaling table having service_type information identifying a type of a service of the mobile data and hidden information indicating whether the service of the mobile data is hidden or not.

Abstract: A mobile station capable of efficiently detecting control information addressed thereto, by prioritizing CRC decoding to control channel element at a candidate position, is disclosed. A mobile station (1) according to the present invention, in order to detect the control information addressed from a base station to the mobile station itself included in a downlink control channel having a plurality of control channel elements, for decoding a signal of a control channel element at a candidate position to be assigned with the control information, includes a generating unit (10) configured to generate a reception level of each of the control channel elements at the candidate position and a control unit (20) configured to prioritize the control channel elements based on the reception level and to control decoding of the signal of each of the control channel elements in order of priority.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is a method for a base station to set a backhaul link subframe for a relay node in a wireless communication system, to which a carrier aggregation technique is applied.

Abstract: An apparatus 310 employable in a communication system configured to determine a value for a new data indicator for semi-persistently allocated or scheduled resources. In one embodiment, the apparatus 310 includes a processor 320 configured to receive a cell radio network temporary identifier indicating a semi-persistent scheduling. The processor 320 is also configured to treat a reception of data with a new data indicator flag in accordance with the semi-persistent scheduling as one of a persistent initial transmission if a value of the new data indicator flag is equal to a first predefined value, and a retransmission of semi-persistent scheduling data if the value of the new data indicator flag is equal to a second predefined value.

Abstract: A method of assigning a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process using a frequency division duplex (FDD) frame structure by a base station (BS) in a wireless communication system. The method according to one embodiment includes transmitting information related to a number of HARQ processes between the BS and a relay node (RN) to the RN. The number of the HARQ processes depends on subframes configured for transmission between the BS and the RN. The method according to the embodiment further includes assigning the HARQ processes subframes other than subframe indexes 0, 4, 5, and 9 based on the number of HARQ processes.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to a technique for generating 40+40 MHz and 40+40+40+40 MHz transmission modes for IEEE 802.11 wireless communications systems using Very High Throughput (VHT) waveforms with application to Television White Space (TVWS) spectrum.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for providing a service to a Mobile Station (MS) by a plurality of Base Stations (BSs) operating in cooperation in a wireless communication system are provided. The method includes configuring, by a master BS, a first cooperative cell including at least one slave BS, sending a resource request message for requesting resource allocation to the at least one slave BS included in the first cooperative cell, receiving, from each of the at least one slave BS, a resource request response message including resource approval control results for the resource allocation request, changing member BSs constituting the first cooperative cell based on the resource request response message, and allocating resources to an MS that is served in the first cooperative cell.

Abstract: To provide a radio base station apparatus and radio communication method capable of performing radio communications using downlink reference signal structures suitable for antenna virtualization, a radio base station apparatus (200) has a plurality of transmission antennas, generates CRSs used in demodulation of at least downlink control information, CQI-RSs generated for each of the transmission antennas used in measurement of channel quality, and DM-RSs generated for each stream used in demodulation of downlink transmission data, and multiplexes the CRSs, CQI-RSs and DM-RSs into a same transmission time unit to transmit from each of the antennas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reporting Channel State Information (CSI) in an uplink by a User Equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system. The method includes reporting a first Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) to an evolved Node B (eNB); calculating a second PMI using the first PMI; and reporting the second PMI to the eNB.

Abstract: Range extension within single user, multiple user, multiple access, and/or MIMO wireless communications. A given communication device designed and implemented for operation in accordance with a given communication protocol, standard, and/or recommended practice operates in accordance with a down-clocked manner to effectuate operation in accordance with at least one other communication protocol, standard, and/or recommended practice. For example, first channelization may undergo down-clocking by a particular and desired ratio to generate a second channelization. As such, at least one portion of a physical layer (PHY) of a given communication device may be leveraged for use in at least one other or additional operational mode based upon the down-clocking employed. Sub-channel and/or channel adaptation may be made based upon any of a number of considerations (e.g., independently by one device, cooperatively by two or more devices, local and/or remote operating condition(s) [or changes thereof], etc.).

Abstract: Systems and methods can be implemented on a user device and eNBs to manage downlink interference at the user device. The user device in a cell associated with a corresponding serving base station may receive interference from one or more interfering base stations. The user device can identify a preferred radio resource set in response to the detected interference and transmit a preferred radio resource indication to at least the serving base station in response to the detected interference. The preferred radio resource indication can be used for identifying the preferred radio resource set associated with the serving base station.

Abstract: In the present invention, a method for transmitting/receiving data in a wireless access system and a base station for same are disclosed. More particularly, the method comprises the following steps: setting a cell group per at least one cell having an identical uplink-downlink configuration, if a plurality of cells are set to a user equipment; performing via a first cell cross-cell scheduling with regard to a second cell, which belongs to a cell group that is different from that including the first cell, according to the uplink-downlink configuration of the first cell; confirming the occurrence of a collision subframe, in which an uplink subframe and a downlink subframe exist simultaneously in the same time interval, in two cells performing the cross-cell scheduling; and transmitting/receiving data with the user equipment when scheduled in the collision subframe due to the cross-cell scheduling, by modifying a transmission position of the uplink or the downlink according to the cross-cell scheduling.

Abstract: The present description relates to an apparatus and method for receiving a control channel in a multi-component carrier system. The method for performing random access disclosed in the present description comprises the steps of: transmitting a random access preamble to a base station from an activated sub-serving cell; monitoring physical downlink control channel candidates during a response window one the basis of a certain aggregation in a temporary search space in a control region of the activated sub-serving cell, wherein the control region consists of a group of control channel elements; and adjusting an uplink time of the activated sub-serving cell according to a time advance command indicated by a random access response when the random access response, including a random access identifier corresponding to the random access preamble, is received in the response window.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing wireless communications using subframe partitioning are disclosed. Two or more base stations may be allocated subframes in a radio frame. All or part of the subframe allocation may be provided to the associated user equipment (UEs), which may use it to determine signal metrics during assigned subframes for an associated base station.

Abstract: A method for performing communication in a user equipment of a wireless communication system comprises receiving a control region through a specific frequency block of a plurality of frequency blocks, the control region including a plurality of control channels; identifying a first control channel for the user equipment in the control region; and performing an operation in accordance with information included in the first control channel, wherein the specific frequency block through which the first control channel is transmitted is changed according to a certain pattern with the lapse of time.

Abstract: Systems and methods for recovering clock and data from a data input signal are disclosed that sample a plurality of clock phase signals with the data input signal to determine a timing relationship between the data input signal and the clock phase signals and use the determined to timing relationship to select one of the clock phase signals to use for sampling the data input signal to produce recovered data. The CDR can include a glitch suppression module to suppress glitches on the clock output signal that could be caused by large instantaneous jitter on the data input signal. A clock and data recovery circuit (CDR) using these methods can quickly lock to a new data input signal and can reliably receive data when there is large instantaneous timing jitter on the data input signal.

Abstract: A high-speed interface apparatus and method of correcting skew in the apparatus are provided. A high-speed transmitter includes a transmission D-PHY module that generates and transmits a clock signal through a clock channel, generates a deskew synchronous code and test data in response to a deskew request signal, transmits the deskew synchronous code followed by the test data through a data channel, and transmits a normal synchronous code followed by normal data through the data channel in normal mode.

Abstract: A phase detector includes a crossing-point phase detection circuit to compare signals levels of pairs of sensor signals and output crossing-point phase detection signals indicating phases of crossing points between the pairs of the sensor signals, each having a signal level corresponding to a rotational position of a rotor of a motor having coils, a crossing-point level detection circuit to output crossing-point level signals indicating crossing-point levels detected, a signal selection circuit to select one of the sensor signals as a selection signal, a phase detection circuit to detect that a signal level of the selection signal has reached a threshold level, and output a phase data signal indicating a phase of the rotor corresponding to the threshold level, and a threshold-level correction circuit to correct the threshold level based on the crossing-point level signals.

Abstract: A control timing synchronization method is executed by a first and a second optical transmission apparatus. The first optical transmission apparatus: superimposes on a main signal and transmits, information of control process details; waits for a first period; subsequently, superimposes on the main signal and transmits, a message giving notification of control start timing; waits for a second period; and subsequently switches a process of the first optical transmission apparatus to a process corresponding to the control process details. The second optical transmission apparatus: acquires the information on the main signal; waits until detection of the message on the main signal, when a process is present that is to be executed by the second optical transmission apparatus based on the information; waits for the second period when the message is detected while waiting for the detection of the message; and subsequently, executes a process corresponding to the information.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes a first injection locked oscillator that inputs a received signal and includes a free-running frequency obtained by offsetting a frequency on a plus side relative to a half frequency of a frequency of the received signal; a second injection locked oscillator that inputs the received signal and includes a free-running frequency obtained by offsetting a frequency on a minus side relative to the half frequency of a frequency of the received signal; a phase difference detecting unit that detects a phase difference between an output signal output from the first injection locked oscillator and an output signal output from the second injection locked oscillator; a baseband processing unit that extracts a receiving frame based on the detected phase difference; and an access controlling unit that performs a medium access control based on the receiving frame.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for delivering e-mail, typically with time relevant content, to users, whose e-mail addresses are encrypted. Specifically, the e-mails are administered by a host or home server that is transparent to the e-mail addresses of the computers and e-mail clients, that electronic communications are being sent to and received from.

Abstract: Speed-up of a cryptographic process by software (program) is realized. A data processing unit which executes a data process according to a program defining a cryptographic process sequence is included, and the data processing unit, according to the program, generates a bit slice expression data based on a plurality of plain text data items which are encryption process targets and a bit slice expression key based on a cryptographic key of each plain text data item, generates a whitening key and a round key based on the bit slice expression key, executes the cryptographic process including operation and movement processes of a block unit of the bit slice expression data, and an operation using the round key, as a process according to a cryptographic algorithm Piccolo, and generates the plurality of encrypted data items corresponding to the plurality of plain text data items by the reverse conversion of the data with respect to the cryptographic process results.

Abstract: Homomorphic evaluations of functions are performed. The functions include operation(s). Variants of key switching and modulus switching are described and are performed prior to or after the operation(s). A key switching transformation converts a ciphertext with respect to a first secret key and a first modulus to a ciphertext with respect to a second secret key and a second modulus. A key switching transformation converts a first version of a ciphertext with respect to a first secret key and with some number r bits of precision to a second version of the selected ciphertext with respect to a second keys and with some other number r? bits of precision. The ciphertexts may be operated on as polynomials represented using evaluation representation, which has benefits for multiplication and automorphism. Further, ciphertexts are associated with an estimate of noise, which is used to determine when to perform modulus switching on the ciphertexts.

Abstract: A method of providing access to a password-protected electronic control unit (ECU) using encryption includes generating a cryptographic key for the ECU using a master password, a serial number of the ECU, and a password-based key derivation function; converting the generated cryptographic key into an ECU password; and accessing data from the ECU using the ECU password.

Abstract: An improved technique involves combining a random seed with unique identifying information to form an input into a RNG. Along these lines, a key pair generator obtains a primary random seed through an interaction with a random process from a web server on which the key pair generator runs. Before putting the primary random seed into a RNG, however, the key pair generator obtains a web domain name that uniquely identifies the web server. The key pair generator concatenates the web domain name, the primary random seed, and an epoch time to produce a secondary random seed. The key pair generator inputs the secondary random seed into the RNG, obtains a large integer output, and finds a first prime factor of a modulus of the public key near the large integer through a search technique.

Abstract: A master public key is generated as a first set of lattices based on a set of attributes, along with a random vector. A master secret key is generated as a set of trap door lattices corresponding to the first set of lattices. A user secret key is generated for a user's particular set of attributes using the master secret key. The user secret key is a set of values in a vector that are chosen to satisfy a reconstruction function for reconstructing the random vector using the first set of lattices. Information is encrypted to a given set of attributes using the user secret key, the given set of attributes and the user secret key. The information is decrypted by a second user having the given set of attributes using the second user's secret key.

Abstract: A method for providing authentication of a user of a recipient unit when the recipient unit is off-line includes storing one or a plurality of challenge-reply sets associated with an article based on an on-line communication with a sender unit. Each of the challenge-reply sets includes at least a challenge-reply pair for use in off-line authentication of the user for a particular resource available through the recipient unit. When the user is offline, the method includes selecting at least one of the plurality of stored challenge-reply sets for off-line authentication of the user for the particular resource available through the recipient unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method that uses digital signature technology to authenticate the contents of one or more manifests located on a storage device. Each manifest contains a list of file records, where each record contains the name of a file stored on the storage device, and a SHA1 hash value derived from the contents of the file. At boot time, the gaming machine first authenticates the contents of the manifest and then verifies the contents of the files using the SHA1 value stored in the manifest. Files are verified using the SHA1, as they are needed, during the boot up of the operating system and throughout normal operation. This method reduces the boot time of the gaming machine and eliminates the need to check digital signatures for each individual file or over the entire contents of a non-secure media.

Abstract: A local area network server may issue security certificates to client devices on the network for two-way authentication across the network. The certificates may be issued through a transaction performed over the network and, in some cases, may be automated. The server may have a self signed or a trusted security certificate which may serve as a basis for issuing certificates to various clients. After a certificate is issued, future communications on the network may be authenticated by both the server and client, and the communications may be encrypted using the certificates.