Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for the production of metallofullerenes using an arc discharge reactor setup are described. The metallofullerenes are produced by evaporation in an AC arc discharge of multiple, angle positioned, solid graphite electrodes and of a powder of the metal, to be incorporated in carbon cage, injected in the arc discharge independently.

Abstract: A method of preparing a graphene material. The method includes: (1) preparing a liquid polyacrylonitrile (LPAN) solution, stirring the LPAN solution to yield a cyclized polyacrylonitrile solution; (2) stirring the cyclized LPAN solution at between 200 and 300° C. to yield a thermally-oxidized polyacrylonitrile; (3) grinding and sieving the thermally-oxidized polyacrylonitrile, and drying a resulting product at room temperature, to yield a thermally-oxidized precursor; (4) calcining the thermally-oxidized precursor in the presence of an inert gas flow of between 10 and 500 mL/min for between 1 and 24 hrs at the temperature of between 400 and 1000° C., to yield a carbonized precursor; and (5) calcining the carbonized precursor in the presence of an inert gas flow of between 10 and 500 mL/min for between 1 and 10 hrs at the temperature of between 1000 and 3000° C., to yield a graphene material.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous synthesis of carbon film or inorganic material film includes an external chamber having a gas intake gate and a gas exhaust gate; a substrate transporting apparatus disposed inside the external chamber and including a rolling-out member, a plurality of rollers, a rolling-in member, and a moving path; a substrate with metal conveyed along the moving path; a temperature controller correspondingly disposed above or under the substrate transporting apparatus, wherein when the substrate with metal passes through the temperature controller, the temperature controller heats the substrate with metal; a vacuum system connected to the external chamber and inhaling a gas through the gas intake gate and exhausting the gas through the gas exhaust gate; and a gas source controller connected to the external chamber and controlling a supply of the gas, wherein the gas includes a carbon source or an inorganic material source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing zeta negative single digit carboxylated nanodiamond dispersion. The method comprises adjusting pH of zeta negative carboxylated nanodiamond suspension to at least 7, and subjecting the pH adjusted suspension to beads milling. The present invention further relates to zeta negative single digit carboxylated nanodiamond dispersion comprising zeta negative single digit carboxylated nanodiamond particles and a liquid medium, wherein zeta potential of the zeta negative single digit carboxylated nanodiamond dispersion is over ?37 mV measured at pH over 7, zeta negative single digit carboxylated nanodiamond particle concentration in the dispersion is over 2 wt-% and D90 average primary particle size distribution of the zeta negative single digit carboxylated nanodiamond particles is from 2 nm to 12 nm.

Abstract: Methods for separating halosilanes that involve use of a distillation column having a partition that divides the column into portions for producing three product fractions are disclosed. Methods and systems for producing silane by disproportionation of halosilanes that use such columns and methods for producing polycrystalline silicon are also disclosed.

Abstract: A new crystalline molecular sieve designated SSZ-101 is disclosed. SSZ-101 is synthesized using a N-cyclohexylmethyl-N-ethylpiperidinium cation as a structure directing agent.

Abstract: A method for making a new crystalline molecular sieve designated SSZ-101 is disclosed. SSZ-101 is synthesized using a N-cyclohexylmethyl-N-ethylpiperidinium cation as a structure directing agent.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for synthesizing zeolite SSZ-52 in the presence of an organic structure directing agent having the following structure (1): wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and n has a value of 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparing zeolite SSZ-52 using a computationally predicted organic structure directing agent. The computationally predicted structure organic directing agent is an organic structure directing agent other than an N,N-diethyl-5,8-dimethyl-azonium bicyclo[3.2.2.]nonane cation, and the difference in stabilization energy between the organic structure directing agent other than an N,N-diethyl-5,8-dimethyl-azonium bicyclo[3.2.2.]nonane cation and the N,N-diethyl-5,8-dimethyl-azonium bicyclo[3.2.2.]nonane cation is no more than 2.5 kJ mol?1 Si.

Abstract: A hydrogen cyanide production process that recovers ammonia and hydrogen cyanide from a crude hydrogen cyanide product comprising from 25 to 50 vol. % water. When heat is recovered from the ammonia stripper, in the form of low pressure steam, and the steam can be integrated with the refining of hydrogen cyanide.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are synthesis methods and uses of nanoparticles containing copper, arsenic, and chalcogen, in particular their use for making thin films useful for electronics, photovoltaics, and solar energy conversion devices.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for liquid purification using regenerating heat exchange are disclosed. An apparatus, in one embodiment, includes a liquid receptacle, a heat exchanger, a heating mechanism, a compressor, and a condenser. While the liquid receptacle is able to receive a stream of liquid such as water, a heat exchanger pushes the liquid through the heat exchanger to increase temperature of the liquid. The heating mechanism is capable of facilitating phase transition of the liquid from liquid to vapor. The compressor is operable to guide the vapor and the condenser is configured to condense the vapor into liquid or purified liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for separating liquid organic waste, comprising soluble carbon and mineral compounds including nutrients, gained after subjecting organic waste to hydrolysis and acidogenesis or to anaerobic digestion where said process comprises i. a step of adjusting the pH of the liquid organic waste to 1.8 to 2.5 by adding acid; ii. a step of distilling the pH-adjusted liquid organic waste into a distillate comprising in condensed water at least 85 to 88 w/w % of soluble carbon containing mainly volatile fatty acids, and less than 3 w/w % of nutrients comprising ammonium nitrogen and phosphates, and a residue comprising the nutrients not contained in the distillate while iii. a distillate:residue ratio in the range between 85:15 v/v % and 95:5 v/v % is maintained.

Abstract: Chlorosilane-containing process streams are treated by vaporizing the process stream, contacting the vaporized process stream with an alkaline medium in a scrubber, the scrubbing liquid being maintained at a pH of 9-13 by introduction of alkaline medium, and feeding the scrubbing medium to a waste treatment plant containing at least one mixing tank in which the pH is adjusted to the range of 7-9 by addition of mineral acid, separating solids by means of a centrifuge, and isolating separated solids.

Abstract: A method for the utilization of reaction water formed during the synthesis of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas in a GTL process includes the cleaning of oxygenates while quenching of the synthesis gas at a temperature of more than 500° C. while in contact with a catalyst for steam conversion of oxygenates, and the degasification of the cleaned up reaction water. Cleaned up and degasified water is utilized for cooling synthesis gas to a temperature of lower than 400° C. and for water steam production. The invention ensures efficient treatment of reaction water with removal of oxygenates, the use of obtained treated water as boiler feed water, and for the production of water steam.

Abstract: A method for cleaning water is disclosed. The method includes adding chitosan into an solution of acetic acid; adding thiosemicarbazide into the solution having the added chitosan; and stirring the solution having the added chitosan and thiosemicarbazide. The stirred solution is then neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide to form precipitates. The precipitates are then filtered and washed a plurality of times with deionized water and ethanol. The washed precipitates are then dried under vacuum to produce a modified chitosan. The modified chitosan is added to the water to remove chemicals from the water.

Abstract: The heat exchangerless membrane system optimizes heat transfer between a set of two immiscible fluids such that the second of the two immiscible fluids having an additive, notably an additive that makes the second fluid corrosive, is infrequently in contact any heat exchangers that would make the heat exchanger subject to corrosion. This membrane system is capable of separating the two immiscible fluids downstream of the heat transfer process, such that heat transfer can repeat the cycle again in an energy efficient manner.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method for the seawater pre-treatment to remove salt from seawater. The seawater pre-treatment apparatus for desalinating seawater into fresh water comprises: a seawater pre-treatment unit, located at a predetermined depth of a sea floor, for obtaining a pre-treated water by removing impurities from the seawater; a pre-treatment water tank, located on the ground, for accommodating the pre-treatment water tank produced by the pre-treatment unit; and a connection flow channel for connecting the pre-treatment unit and the pre-treatment water tank such that the pre-treated water can be transported. The seawater pre-treatment apparatus and method are capable of simplifying the configuration of the entire apparatus while reducing the consumption of energy during the pre-treatment process for the seawater desalination.

Abstract: Provided is a water treatment system capable of increasing the removal ratio of scale component ions. The water treatment system includes a desalination unit (10) including a pair of facing electrodes (11, 13) being charged to mutually reverse polarities, an interelectrode flow path (15) being located between the electrodes (11, 13) and allowing water containing ions to circulate through, and ion-exchange membranes (12, 14) being disposed on the interelectrode flow path (15) sides of the respective electrodes (11, 13) and permeating the ions toward the electrodes (11, 13) and carrying out a desalination treatment of desalinating the water by adsorbing the ions to the electrodes (11, 13) and a recycling treatment of desorbing the ions from the electrodes (11, 13), in which one of the ion-exchange membranes (14) selectively permeates divalent cations contained in water containing the ions toward the electrode (13).

Abstract: The removal of oxoanions from an aqueous stream having a concentration of a metal cation and a concentration of an oxoanion that varies over time may involve continuously monitoring the concentration of the metal cation and the concentration of the oxoanion to provide a current metal cation concentration and a current oxoanion concentration. A metal cation source and an aluminum reagent may be added to the aqueous stream based on the measured current metal cation concentration and the current oxoanion concentration. The amount of the metal cation source and the aluminum reagent added to the stream may be effective to reduce the concentration of the oxoanion in the aqueous stream below a target threshold.

Abstract: Fluoride ions can be removed from an aqueous stream to desirable levels (e.g. less than 1 ppm) using two precipitation reactions in series. In this method, calcium chloride and a phosphate salt are added to form a first precipitate and then a carbonate salt is added to form a second precipitate. However under certain circumstances, the conventional stoichiometries employed have been found to remove insufficient fluoride. Instead, sufficient fluoride can be removed by employing unconventional stoichiometries, specifically excessive calcium chloride or deficient carbonate salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid antiscalant composition for reducing calcium oxalate scale formation. The composition comprises a polyanionic antiscalant agent having a plurality of anionic groups, which antiscalant agent is selected from the group consisting of polyphosphates, polymers comprising at least one carboxylic group and any of their mixtures. The antiscalant composition further comprises magnesium ions. The invention further relates to use of the antiscalant composition for inhibiting and/or reducing formation of calcium oxalate scale in pulp and paper industry.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method may include separating contaminants from impaired water. The method may include contacting impaired water with a peracetate oxidant solution. The method may include mixing said impaired water with the peracetate oxidant solution. The method may include separating the impaired water oxidant solution mixture into solids and a water phase. In some embodiments, the peracetate oxidant solution may include peracetate anions and a peracid. The peracetate oxidant solution may have a pH from about 10 to about pH 12. The peracetate oxidant solution may have a molar ratio of peracetate anions to peracid ranging from about 60:1 to about 6000:1. In some embodiments, a peracetate anion to hydrogen peroxide molar ratio is greater than about 16:1. In some embodiments, a reactive coagulant, a softener, and/or a floc aid may be added to the impaired water.

Abstract: A method for raising pH value to enhance degradation of chlorinated organics by oxidation may include steps of adding 1% persulfate and 20-100 g slag to 50 mg/L chlorinated organics; and utilizing slag to increase the pH to 12-13, and make persulfate alkali-activated to enhance the degradation of chlorinated organics and prevent heavy metal pollute the soil.

Abstract: A system is provided for treating contaminated water. The system includes a bioreactor having an outlet for treated water and a filter coupled to receive treated water from the outlet of the bioreactor. The filter is configured to operate in an anoxic mode. The filter has: (a) a vessel configured to receive the treated water, (b) a membrane associated with the vessel and positioned to extract permeate from the received water, (c) a fluid outlet positioned to direct fluid toward the membrane to inhibit film build up on the membrane, (d) a fluid recirculator positioned to recirculate fluid between the vessel and the fluid outlet, and (e) an oxidant supply positioned to introduce an oxidant into the vessel, the oxidant supply being adjustable to control the oxidation-reduction potential of the received water in the vessel within a predetermined range.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel algae of the genus Coccomyxa, in particular the algae of a new species called C-IR3-4C, and their use for capturing metals from aqueous media, and in particular from radioactive media.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlled ventilation and aeration of liquid medium includes a dome supported by a flotation device, a lower housing supported by the flotation device, the lower housing connected to the dome, wherein a sealed space is defined under the dome and above the flotation liquid, one or more orifices, the orifices configured in the dome, and an aeration apparatus positioned within the sealed space and partially submerged in the flotation liquid, wherein the aeration apparatus comprises one or more parallel shafts, at least one first disc positioned axially on one of the shafts, at least one second disc positioned axially on another of the shafts, wherein the second disc is interleaved relative to the first disc, and wherein a surface of the first disc rotates in a direction opposite a surface of the second disc relative to each other resulting in a mixing area therebetween.

Abstract: An amorphous alloy contains Ni and Nb and has a composition including at least one of: a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 35.6 atomic % to 75.1 atomic %, Ir with a content in the range of 7.2 atomic % to 52.3 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.0 atomic % to 48.5 atomic %; a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 19.6 atomic % to 80.9 atomic %, Re with a content in the range of 7.4 atomic % to 59.2 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.1 atomic % to 56.9 atomic %; and a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 7.5 atomic % to 52.9 atomic %, W with a content in the range of 16.4 atomic % to 47.0 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 22.0 atomic % to 53.3 atomic %.

Abstract: A method of the present invention for producing glass sheets includes the steps of: (I) forming a molten glass raw material into a glass ribbon on a molten metal; and (II) bringing an acid gas that contains a fluorine element (F)-containing acid and in which a volume ratio of water vapor to the acid (a volume of the water vapor/a volume of the acid) is 0 or more and 30 or less, into contact with a surface of the glass ribbon on the molten metal so as to subject the surface of the glass ribbon to dealkalization and control a morphology of the surface in accordance with the volume ratio.

Abstract: A device for cutting through workpieces of mechanically brittle and non-metallic material moving at a speed along a separation line after scoring is provided. The device includes a tool holder that is rotatable about an axis of rotation. The tool holder accommodates at least one cutting wire as a cutting tool to introduce a surface rupture or a crack into the workpiece. The cutting wire is disposed in the tool holder in such a manner that the surface rupture or the crack is introduced substantially perpendicular to a feed direction of the workpiece moving at a speed.

Abstract: A glass substrate transfer system and a robot arm thereof are provided. The robot arm includes: a substrate fork for taking a glass substrate; a moving assembly connected with the substrate fork and for making the substrate fork to be moved in a working space; a vacuum chuck disposed on the substrate fork and for sucking the glass substrate; and a heat-dissipating assembly disposed at a side of the substrate fork, the moving assembly or the vacuum chuck and for being moved to above the vacuum chuck to dissipate heat of the vacuum chuck when the vacuum chuck is heated and does not suck the glass substrate. The glass substrate transfer system and its robot arm cool the vacuum chuck in time and thus can avoid affecting the product quality caused by the vacuum chuck being overheated, and the product yield is improved.

Abstract: A glass substrate transfer system and a robot arm thereof are provided. The robot arm includes: a substrate fork, a moving assembly and a vacuum chuck. The substrate fork is for taking a glass substrate. The moving assembly is connected with the substrate fork and for making the substrate fork to be moved in a working space. The vacuum chuck is disposed on the substrate fork and for sucking the glass substrate. The vacuum chuck is formed with a fluid path, and the fluid path is contained with a cooling fluid to dissipate heat of the vacuum chuck. The glass substrate transfer system and its robot arm provided by the present invention cool the vacuum chuck in time and thus can avoid affecting the product quality caused by the vacuum chuck being overheated, and the product yield is improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-alkali glass having a strain point of from 710° C. to lower than 725° C., an average thermal expansion coefficient at from 50 to 300° C. of from 30×10?7 to 43×10?7/° C., a temperature T2 at which glass viscosity reaches 102 dPa·s of 1710° C. or lower, a temperature T4 at which the glass viscosity reaches 104 dPa·s of 1320° C. or lower, and containing, indicated by mol % on the basis of oxides, SiO2 66 to 70, Al2O3 12 to 14, B2O3 exceeding 0 to 1.5, MgO exceeding 9.5 to 13 (or 5 to 9.5), CaO 4 to 9 (or 4 to 11), SrO 0.5 to 4.5, BaO 0 to 0.5 and ZrO 0 to 2.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide glass compositions, fiberizable glass compositions, and glass fibers formed from such compositions, as well as glass strands, yarns, fabrics, and composites comprising such glass fibers adapted for use in various applications. In some embodiments of the present invention, the glass compositions additionally include at least one rare earth oxide.

Abstract: A pattern forming method includes forming a first region and a second region on a to-be-processed layer. The first region includes a guide pattern. In the second region, an affinity to one of the first segment and the second segment which are included in a self-assembly material, is higher than the affinity to the other. The self-assembly material is applied onto the first region and the second region. The self-assembly material is phase-separated into a first domain including the first segment, and a second domain including the second segment. Any one of the first domain and the second domain is selectively removed.

Abstract: A patterning method according to one embodiment includes forming on a glass substrate a guide pattern including a first region at which the glass substrate is exposed, and a second region on which a pattern is formed. A self-assembly material including a first segment pinned to the first region, and a second segment is applied onto the guide pattern. The self-assembly material is phase-separated into a first domain including the first: segment and a second domain including the second segment. One of the first domain and the second domain is selectively removed. The width of the first region is not less than 0.8 times and not more than 1.15 times as large as the width of the first domain.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a glass sheet provided with an enamel-based coating, comprising the step of applying to a glass sheet a liquid composition containing (i) a hydrolysate of at least one metal alkoxide, (ii) a solvent which has a boiling point of at least 180° C., and (iii) a glass frit; the temperature of the glass sheet when the liquid composition is applied being of at least 300° C. The process of the invention allows on-line enamelling of a glass sheet, getting a good adhesion of the enamel on the glass sheet. Moreover, the obtained enamelled glass sheet is temperable.

Abstract: A glazing unit with solar-control properties, includes at least one glass substrate on which a multilayer is deposited, the multilayer including a layer made of an alloy including zinc and copper, in which alloy the Zn/(Cu+Zn) atomic ratio is higher than 35% and lower than 65%.

Abstract: The invention provides a binder composition comprising: (a) ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), (b) basic oxygen slag (BOS), and (c) an alkaline inorganic waste material selected from by-pass dust (BPD), cement kiln dust (CKD), and mixtures thereof. The use of such a composition as a binder in a concrete mix, concrete mixes comprising such a composition, methods of manufacturing concrete articles, and concrete articles such as paving blocks are also provided.

Abstract: Methods of treating lime bucking in a plaster slurry are described. The method involves providing a slurry exhibiting lime bucking having a cone penetration of less than 10 mm at a consistency of 60 cc, comprising: water; calcium sulfate hemihydrate; and hydrated lime; and mixing an effective amount of a dispersant comprising a low intensity dispersant into the slurry so that the cone penetration increases and wherein the cone penetration is 10 mm or more at 10 minutes after addition of the dispersant at a consistency of 60 cc; and applying the plaster slurry containing the dispersant to a substrate. Veneer plaster dry component mixtures having reduced lime bucking when made into a slurry containing a low intensity dispersant, or hydrated lime coated with wax or a dibenzoate plasticizer are also described.

Abstract: An extrudable cement-based material is formed from a mixture that includes cement in the range of about 40 to 90% by wet weight percent, a lightweight expanded aggregate in the range of about 10 to 60% by wet weight percent, a secondary material in the range of about 0.1 to 50% by wet weight percent, a reinforcement fiber in the range of about 1 to 20% by wet weight percent, a rheology modifying agent in the range of about 0.5 to 10% by wet weight percent, a retarder in the range of about 0.1 to 8% by wet weight percent, and water in the range of 10 to 60% of a total wet material weight.

Abstract: PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A FINE CEMENT AGGREGATE FROM RED MUD PRODUCED DURING THE PROCESS OF BAUXITE REFINING (THE BAYER PROCESS), presents an invention regarding the production of a fine additive for Portland cement from Red Mud, which is a byproduct of bauxite processing by the Bayer process. In the present invention the material is mixed and then thermally treated so as to develop phases of interest via decompositions and/or crystallizations. The product may contain up to 30% of other byproducts or argillaceous raw materials.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for increasing grinding efficiency of cement, cement clinker, raw materials for cement, and other inorganic particles. Use of biomass-derived polyols such as diols, triols, or mixtures thereof, optionally with a conventional grinding aid, cement quality improver, and/or hexavalent chromium reducer, are believed to provide less risk of sludging when compared to glycerides obtained from fossil fuel sources.

Abstract: Methods for producing construction material utilizing loose pieces of aggregate (30), enzyme producing bacteria, an amount of urea and an amount of calcium ions. A first solution is prepared which includes urease which is formed by enzyme producing bacteria. A second solution is prepared which includes urea and calcium ions. The first and second solutions are added to the loose aggregate (30). The calcium ions contribute to the formation of calcium carbonate wherein the calcium carbonate fills and bonds between at least some of the gaps between the loose pieces of aggregate forming a solid construction material (92).

Abstract: This invention provides a moldable engineered stone composition comprising an ethylenically unsaturated acrylic polymer capable of being covalently crosslinked, a mineral particulate, and an ionic crosslinking agent which forms ionic bonds within the syrup of unsaturated acrylic polymer via unreacted acid groups, causing thickening prior to curing and prior to the formation of covalent bonds via the double bonds of the polymer chain. The composition is then capable of being extruded and molded in a press. Articles formed by curing the composition and methods for producing the composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a porous mass or a porous moulded body consisting of an inorganic polymer, according to which water glass is tempered using specific amounts of a carbonate, thus allowing the addition of various other materials. Disclosed are also porous masses and moulded bodies which can be obtained by means of the method and the use of said masses and moulded bodies.

Abstract: Disclosed are ceramic bodies comprised of composite cordierite-mullite-aluminum magnesium titanate (CMAT) ceramic compositions having high cordierite-to-mullite ratio and methods for the manufacture of same.

Abstract: Disclosed and described are multi-component inorganic phosphate formulations of acidic phosphate components and basic oxide/hydroxide components. Also disclosed are high solids, atomizable compositions of same, suitable for spray coating.

Abstract: A method for producing a silicon-containing zirconia calcined body includes wet mixing a mixture to obtain a mixed slurry, with the mixture including a silicon-containing zirconia powder, a sodium carbonate powder, a tetraethoxysilane, and an adhesive; drying the mixed slurry to obtain a caked mass; grinding and sieving the caked mass to obtain a mixed powder; pressurizing and shaping the mixed powder to obtain a blank; and calcining the blank in an environment at 900-1200° C. to obtain a silicon-containing zirconia calcined body. The silicon-containing zirconia calcined body can be sintered at 1415-1450° C. into a silicon-containing zirconia sintered body, with a shrinkage ratio during sintering the silicon-containing zirconia calcined body into the silicon-containing zirconia sintered body being 22-31%.

Abstract: Composite material comprising aluminium nitride (AlN) material, less than 80 weight percent cubic boron nitride (cBN) grains dispersed within the AlN material and less that 5 weight percent sinter promotion material, the composite material including no more than about 1.5 percent porosity.