Abstract: A method of forming a mandrel assembly for use in fabricating a large scale component includes boring a plurality of cavities into an outer surface of the mandrel assembly and filling the plurality of cavities with a contrast color substrate to form a contrast target on the mandrel assembly. The method also includes curing the contrast color substrate such that an outer surface of the contrast color substrate is substantially flush with the outer surface of the mandrel assembly when the substrate is fully cured.

Abstract: A thermal radiation sensor may include a thermal absorption layer, an optical resonator surrounding the thermal absorption layer, and a plasmonic absorber provided on the thermal absorption layer, and thus, the thermal radiation sensor may have high sensitivity and may be miniaturized.

Abstract: A temperature measuring apparatus for a top submerged lancing installation, for use in measuring the temperature of a molten bath that includes a slag phase, during a pyro-metallurgical operation conducted in a reactor of the installation, includes a top submerged injecting top submerged injecting lance having at least an outer pipe and an inner pipe. A bore is defined by the inner pipe and an annular passage is defined in part by an inner surface of the outer pipe. The apparatus further includes a pyrometer device of which at least a sensor head part is mounted in relation to the top submerged injecting lance and operable both to receive infrared energy passing longitudinally within the lance from an outlet end of the lance. The sensor head part also is operable to focus the received infrared energy to enable generation of an output signal or display indicative of the temperature of a molten bath in which an outlet end portion of the lance is submerged and from which the infrared energy is received.

Abstract: A temperature detection device (10) for a vehicle heater detects a fluid temperature. The device includes a temperature sensor (12) as well as a contact element (14) with a first side (16), around which the fluid can flow in at least some sections, and with a second side (18) facing away from the first side (16). The temperature sensor (12) is configured as a radiation sensor. The contact element (14) is arranged relative to the temperature sensor (12) such that at least a part of the radiation emitted from the second side (18) of the contact element (14) can be received by the temperature sensor (12).

Abstract: A thermal well temperature monitoring assembly with high dielectric strength capability is disclosed consisting of a low relative dielectric constant material in a continuous structure that does not have any air voids or pockets. The low relative dielectric constant structure of the thermal well has at least one internal cavity having an end region. A thermal sensor is at least partially located within the at least one internal cavity. The thermal sensor has one or more wires extending out of the end region of the internal cavity. A first low relative dielectric constant potting material encapsulates at least a portion of the thermal sensor within the internal cavity to remove air voids that decrease dielectric strength. A second low relative dielectric constant potting material fills at least a portion of the end region of the internal cavity to provide mechanical ruggedness and environmental sealing.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with electronic components such as buttons and environmental sensors. An environmental sensor may be temperature sensor for gathering temperature data associated with the environment surrounding the device. The temperature sensor may be mounted to a button member for the button. The button member may be an actuating member that moves within an opening in a device housing and that extends beyond an outer surface of the housing into the surrounding environment. The button member may be arranged so that an internal electronic switch is activated when the button member is moved within the opening. The button member may be thermally isolated from other device structures using insulating material on the button member. The button member may be formed from a thermally conductive material that transmits the temperature of environmental materials that contact the button member to the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A temperature measurement apparatus includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor which are provided at different positions inside a base which is in contact with a surface of a body to be measured, and a calculation processing unit which calculates a temperature of a measurement target position of the body to be measured using respective detected temperatures in the first and second temperature sensors. The calculation processing unit calculates a temperature of the measurement target position of the body to be measured using a heat balance relative coefficient indicating a relative relationship between heat balance characteristics at the respective positions of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor when the base is in contact with the measurement target position and the surface of the body to be measured, and the respective detected temperatures in the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of predicting an ambient temperature around a mobile device, wherein: a primary temperature sensor comprised in said mobile device measures a first temperature value; at least one secondary temperature sensor comprised in said mobile device measures a second temperature value; a processing unit comprised in said mobile device calculates a first prediction of an ambient temperature around the mobile device in dependence on the first temperature value and at least one parameter which is indicative of a thermal influence of one or more mobile device components on the measurements; the processing unit calculates a second prediction of said ambient temperature in dependence on the second temperature value and said parameter; the processing unit compares the first prediction with the second prediction and adjusts said parameter if the difference between the first prediction and the second prediction exceeds a predefined maximum.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus including a micromirror, an excitation structure containing or supporting the micromirror, and at least one piezoelectric sensor. The excitation structure includes at least one piezoelectric actuator, the excitation structure being configured to resonantly excite the micromirror so as to cause a deflection of the micromirror. The at least one piezoelectric sensor is configured to provide a sensor signal dependent on the deflection of the micromirror, the piezoelectric sensor being connected to the excitation structure so that during the resonant excitation of the micromirror, the sensor signal and the deflection of the micromirror exhibit a fixed mutual phase relationship.

Abstract: A sensor includes a first structure that is attachable to a measurement specimen, a second structure that is made of material which is smaller in thermal expansion coefficient than the first structure, a bottom surface of the second structure being connected to the first structure, and a detector that is connected to an upper surface of the second structure, the detector being configured to detect a deformation of the second structure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring a contact pressure and a method of manufacturing the apparatus. The apparatus includes: a material layer configured to provide a light path along which incident light travels to a subject being in contact with the material layer; a spectrum analyzer configured to detect light emitted from the material layer and perform a light absorption spectrum analysis on the detected light to determine an intensity of the detected light; and a pressure calculator configured to determine the contact pressure of the subject based on the determined intensity.

Abstract: A non-invasive method for estimation of strain profile and dynamic evolution of the strain at a location interposed inside a block of soft material, includes forming a tracer grid consisting of microscopic lines or regularly spaced microscopic dots on a single plane buried inside the soft block; preparation of a deformable object embedded with the tracer grid in three primary steps: i. preparing a block of crosslinked material by crosslinking a first predetermined quantity of a pre-polymer solution containing a monomer, a crosslinking agent, and an initiator and promoter all mixed in a solvent at a known stoichiometric weight ratio; ii. transferring a grid comprising of lines or dots onto the face by direct writing or transferring from an easy release surface; and iii. crosslinking a second predetermined quantity of the same pre-polymer solution on the gel surface, such that this second crosslinked material gets welded to the first one.

Abstract: A sensor element (1) includes a substrate (2) and a strain-sensitive element (3) which is preferably applied to the substrate by means of thin-film technology and is used for measuring the deformation of the substrate (2) when pressure is applied or a force is introduced, the strain-sensitive element (3) including XAlOyN1-ywherein X is a metal with a high melting temperature in the range of greater than 1400° C. and 0 <y <0.4 applies. A passivation layer (5) can be applied to the strain-sensitive element (3).

Abstract: An inertia momentum measurement method for an engine, the method including: a first step for measuring a deceleration d?e1/dt of engine output rotation at the time of reduction to a first fuel supply amount which is less than a predetermined fuel supply amount, a second step for measuring a deceleration d?e2/dt of engine output rotation at the time of reduction to a second fuel supply amount which is less than the predetermined fuel supply amount, and a third step for determining the total inertia momentum It on the basis of the following Expression (1): It=(??Te2+?Te1)/(d?e/dt?d?e1/dt) ??(1) where ?Te1 is an engine driving torque of the engine corresponding to the first fuel supply amount; and ?Te2 is an engine driving torque of the engine corresponding to the second fuel supply amount.

Abstract: A system includes at least one pressure sensor coupled to a surface of a handheld instrument. The system further includes a controller. An input of the controller is coupled to the at least one pressure sensor. The system also includes a memory device coupled to the controller. The memory device includes a stored pressure level.

Abstract: A system for evaluating surgical knot formation is disclosed. The system includes a first surgically relevant object, a pressure sensor, and at least one pair of suture ends passing through the pressure sensor and the first surgically relevant object. The system also includes a controller coupled to the pressure sensor and configured to 1) transform signals from the pressure sensor into a pressure map having pressure magnitudes from a plurality of locations on the pressure sensor corresponding to one or more knots which may be formed in the at least one pair of suture ends; and 2) format the pressure map for display.

Abstract: A method of computing a tension value is provided. A strain gauge output signal generated by a strain gauge is received. A strain value is determined from the received strain gauge output signal. A pair of calibration points is identified that bound the strain value. A tension-strain equation is determined from the identified pair of calibration points. A tension value is calculated for the band blade using the determined tension-strain equation and the strain value. The calculated tension value is output.

Abstract: A method for assembling a pressure sensor device uses a pressure-sensitive gel material that is applied to an active region of a pressure-sensing integrated circuit (IC) die. A molding compound is dispensed over the pressure-sensitive gel material to encapsulate the gel material. A portion of the molding compound is then removed to expose the gel material to an ambient environment outside of the packaged semiconductor device.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a pressure sensor for measuring a fluid pressure, in particular a vacuum pressure. The pressure sensor contains a first and a second diaphragm connected to one another such that they enclose and hermetically seal a fluid space. Fluid can enter and exit the fluid space through a fluid supply element, which is connected to an exterior opening of the sensor. Each of the diaphragms is proximal to a reference electrode and forms a variable capacitor, the capacitance of which depends on the position of the diaphragms, which in turn depends on the pressure in the fluid space.

Abstract: Provided is a pressure detection unit in which a waterproof property can be improved. In a pressure sensor, a sealing-resin portion is joined to an outside side surface of an element main body made of stainless steel, aluminum, or nickel such that the sealing-resin portion surrounds a plurality of lead pins. In the pressure sensor, a roughened annular surface portion is provided at a region where the sealing-resin portion is joined on an upper end surface of the element main body so as to be disposed in a manner to partition an external peripheral edge and an internal peripheral edge arranged at the outside side surface of an element main body in the sealing-resin portion.

Abstract: A method for determining inlet manifold pressure of an engine includes receiving a first set of inputs form a first sensor. The first set of inputs being indicative of speed of the engine. The method includes receiving a second set of inputs from a second sensor. The second set of inputs being indicative of rate of fuel supplied to the engine. The method includes generating a three dimensional (3D) map via a control module based on the first set of inputs, the second set of inputs and a data indicative of a set of inlet manifold pressures. The data indicative of the set of manifold pressures correspond to historical data generated based on the first set of inputs and the second set of inputs. The method includes obtaining a request to determine inlet manifold pressure. Further, the inlet manifold pressure is determined from the 3D map based on the request.

Abstract: A physical quantity sensor includes a detector that outputs a detection signal in response to an input to a device, and a controller that outputs a signal corresponding to the input to the device based on the detection signal. A method for adjusting the physical quantity sensor is performed based on a value of the detection signal in a steady state and a fluctuation of a value of the detection signal within a predetermined duration. The physical quantity sensor has a first threshold for the value of the detection signal for determining presence or absence of the input, and a second threshold for the fluctuation of the value of the detection signal within a predetermined duration for determining presence or absence of the noise in the detection signal.

Abstract: Method for estimation of a mean torque generated by a combustion engine with at least two cylinders, comprising to generate an engine speed vector, wherein several measuring values representing the instantaneous engine speed of the engine, are registered, to determine the respective n:th highest and the n:th lowest value of the engine speed vector, where 2?n?x/2, where x is the number of measuring values associated with the respective cylinder in the engine speed vector, to calculate the difference between the two values determined in step b, to generate a signal E representing the differences obtained as function of time, and to estimate the torque generated by the motor as a function T dependent at least on the signal E.

Abstract: A pipeline inspection apparatus includes a main body. A sealing structure attached to the main body seals against an internal surface of the pipeline. An imaging module includes a camera and a light source. The light source is arranged to emit light in a direction towards the internal surface of the pipeline. The camera is arranged such that, in use, the camera captures image data of the internal surface of the pipeline. Control circuitry includes a power supply and memory for storing data captured by said camera, wherein the sealing structure forms a seal against the internal surface of the pipeline such that, in use, a fluid flowing along the pipeline applies a driving force to the pipeline inspection apparatus to propel the apparatus along the pipeline.

Abstract: A method for testing tightness of container includes placing a bell-shaped test head over a mouth of the container, sealing the container against the test head, accommodating at least a portion of the container in a testing chamber within the test head, increasing a pressure difference between a pressure within the testing chamber and an internal pressure of the container, identifying evidence of matter exiting the container and entering the testing chamber. Typical evidence includes emergence of filling substance into the testing chamber and/or foaming of the filling substance in the testing chamber. Identifying such evidence includes using a camera to monitor either the region of the container or the test chamber for the evidence.

Abstract: A method for a fuel system comprises indicating a leak in the fuel system based on a pressure change rate distribution during a first condition including a sealed fuel system and a pressure change rate within a threshold of zero. By indicating a leak based on a pressure change rate distribution rather than through simple thresholding, an engine-off natural vacuum test may be performed in a greater range of conditions. In this way, the execution rate of the test may be increased while maintaining or improving the leak detection rate and reducing the misclassification rate.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for diagnosing a valve assembly having valve members serially arranged along a flow channel of the valve assembly connecting at least one inlet and at least one outlet of the valve assembly. All of the serially arranged valve members of the valve assembly are opended to allow fluid to flow through the flow channel. The flow of fluid through the flow channel is measured by at least one sensor. At least one of the valve members is openend, and at least one sensor checks for fluid leakage caused by at least one faulted valve member. The at least one sensor may include a flow sensor, e.g., a mass flow sensor.

Abstract: A cooling system for a wind tunnel is disclosed. The heat exchanger of the present disclosure is formed as a turning vane in an airflow duct of a re-circulating wind tunnels. The individual vanes are formed from extruded aluminum with coolant fluid channels running continually down the length of the vane. One or more channels can be used, depending on the application of vane and the cooling capacity needed. The exterior of the vanes are formed in an airfoil shape to efficiently turn the air flow the desired amount in a manner well known in the art. The turning vanes are connected to a fluid supply with single piece connectors that removably attach to the turning vanes. In the depicted embodiment the connectors are attached with screws. In the depicted embodiment the connectors are formed as a single piece in a two-piece injection mold.

Abstract: An optical pulse tester includes: an OTDR measurer configured to execute an OTDR function of measuring a time distribution of a power of return light of an optical pulse input to an optical fiber; a display configured to display an OTDR measurement screen indicating information on execution of the OTDR function; and a controller configured to control the OTDR measurer and the display. The controller displays, on the OTDR measurement screen, a menu for allowing an operating person to call an auxiliary function for measurement of the optical fiber, and displays, on the OTDR measurement screen, a sub-screen indicating information on execution of the auxiliary function called by the operating person.

Abstract: A method for processing data obtained from a condition monitoring system, which comprises the step of obtaining dynamic signal data in the form of a time waveform and/or a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) from at least one sensor. The method comprises the step of extracting at least two parameters from the time waveform and/or FFT and transmitting or displaying the at least two parameters instead of the dynamic signal time waveform data and/or a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).

Abstract: Reference data from sensors measuring characteristics of a gas turbine are analyzed to identify underperformance of the gas turbine, which may be a predictor of an unscheduled shutdown. Time series data from the sensors are compared to annotated query data using an open-begin-end dynamic time warping algorithm. Identified subsequences are examined as possible underperformance indicators. In a related technique, multiple time series from the sensors are pairwise compared using a dynamic time warping algorithm, and computed distances between the time series are used to group the time series using a hierarchical clustering algorithm. The clusters are examined to identify underperformance indicators.

Abstract: A process for testing a combustor or a compressor of a gas turbine engine, where a large volume of compressed air is stored in a large reservoir of at least 10,000 m3 such as an underground storage cavern, compressed air from the storage reservoir is passed through an air turbine to drive a compressor to produce high pressure and temperature compressed air, and where the compressed air can be discharged into a combustor and burned with a fuel for testing of the combustor under simulated conditions of a real gas turbine engine.

Abstract: A system for predicting failure of one or more components of a machine is disclosed. The system includes at least one interface configured for inputting current repair data for a first component, a database configured to log the current repair data of the first component, and a processor operably connected to the at least one interface and the database. The processor analyzes the current repair data of the first component based on historic repair data stored in the database, wherein the historic repair data includes the identity of a plurality of components of the machine, including the first component and a second component. The processor generates a recommendation for servicing the second component based on the historic repair data stored in the database.

Abstract: A device for measuring the profile of the tread of a tyre (12) comprises: a running surface (16), which is provided for the tyre (12) to roll on and in which at least one measurement slot (14) is formed; at least one illumination apparatus (4), which is formed and arranged in such a manner that during operation it projects a plurality of light lines (6) through the measurement slot (14) onto the profile to be measured; and at least one image capture apparatus (18), which is formed to capture at least one image of at least one region of the profile to be measured. At least one monitoring and calibration device (22) is formed at at least one measurement slot (14), said monitoring and calibration device having at least one channel-shaped depression (24), which faces the illumination apparatus (4).

Abstract: A compound sampling system has a guiding assembly extending along a sampling path and a shuttle unit having a displacement mechanism engageable to the guiding assembly and configured to displace the shuttle unit onto the guiding assembly. The shuttle unit also includes at least one sampling component configured to monitor a gaseous substance and collect sampling data relative to the compound in the gaseous substance. The sampling system further includes a control system in communication with the shuttle unit. The control system includes a controller communicably coupled to the displacement mechanism and controlling the displacement of the shuttle unit along the sampling path. A method of sampling a compound uses the sampling system.

Abstract: Tissue dissociators configured to disrupt a biological tissue sample are provided. Aspects of the tissue dissociators may include a housing having a distal end and a proximal end, a cutting blade positioned at the distal end of the housing and a tissue actuator configured to be displaced along a longitudinal axis within the housing. Also provided are methods of using the tissue dissociators, as well as kits including the tissue dissociators.

Abstract: Methods comprising probing multiple targets in an H&E stained biological sample are provided. The methods include the steps of providing a hematoxylin and eosin stained biological sample containing multiple targets, optionally detecting H&E staining of the sample, removing the hematoxylin and eosin signals, and detecting additional features or targets in the biological sample. The detecting step may include performing the steps of binding at least one probe to one or more targets to the sample, detecting a signal from the probe and contacting the sample with a bleaching agent. The process of binding, detecting and bleaching may be iteratively repeated.

Abstract: The present grip design includes a two-piece clamp with an interior space which forms a mold for the sample material. The two-piece clamp further includes undercut apertures which engage complementary tapered portions of upper and lower grips. The sample material can be poured to fill the mold formed within the two-piece clamp. The interior of the upper and lower grips includes a pattern, such as, but not limited to, a threaded pattern, in order to more firmly engage the sample. The samples may include soft materials, liquids, gels, compounds, powdered or similar materials. The grip may be used in connection with bioreactor or materials testing applications.

Abstract: A rotating dovetail connection is provided in order to attach jaw faces to grips in materials testing. The connection includes a machined tongue on the jaw face and a corresponding groove on the jaw face holder. A ball plunger within the holder serves to center the jaw face and to retain the jaw face in the holder. The jaw faces can be installed an removed without the use of tools or loose parts. The rotating dovetail facilitates a secure connection between the jaw face and the grip while allowing the jaw faces to rotate.

Abstract: An edge sharpness tester determines the level of sharpness of a cutting edge of a knife, razor blade, scalpel, or other tool having a sharp edge. A motive force is applied to a moveable element of the device. The movable element provides an interface with the edge of the sharp-edged device to severe a line mounted in the moveable element.

Abstract: An optical system suitable for determining a characteristic as a function of time of at least a part of a liquid volume comprising a plurality of objects. The optical system provides a fast detection of a change in the liquid volume. The optical system comprises—an optical detection assembly comprising at least one image acquisition device configured to acquire images of an image acquisition area; —a sample device comprising at least one sample container suitable for holding a sample of said liquid volume; —a translating arrangement configured to translate said image acquisition area through at least one part of said sample container to perform a scan along a scanning path through said part of said sample container; and—an image analyzing processing system.

Abstract: A method is provided for diagnosing the operation of a photometric particle analyzer. The method may determine when the operation is degraded from normal operating conditions, automatically, and the result displayed locally as well as being transmitted to a remote observer. The present invention may be used by optical photometric particle analyzers, or by analyzers that measure other properties of particles collected on filters.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method including: performing eddy current testing on a steam generator tube material by using a motorized rotating pancake coil (MRPC) probe, evaluating a test signal measured using the eddy current testing, and predicting the corrosion rate of the steam generator tube material from a noise value in the MRPC inspection signal of the steam generator tube obtained from the evaluating. When the prediction method of a corrosion rate of a steam generator tube according to the present invention is used, the steam generator tube material which has low corrosion rate can be selected at the material selecting step because the corrosion rate can be predicted and the criterions on the corrosion rate of the steam generator tube can be established as the requirements through an eddy current MRPC noise inspection of the steam generator tube material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system, apparatus or and method to quantify features of relatively small defects or anomalies on a selected surface. Such defects may be associated with localized corrosion, such as pitting, that takes place on the surface of a metal exposed to a metallic environment.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to arrangements for simulating creping of tissue and methods for simulating creping of tissue.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an apparatus for measuring golf putting green speed. The apparatus comprises a body and a head. The body includes a U-shaped channel having rounded sections on sides thereof. Further, the body includes an insert fitting down inside the U-shaped channel and having a hole. The rounded sections and the hole configured for holding a golf ball when the body is in rest position. Further, the head includes a plug and a golf ball lifting handle at one end. The plug allows one end of the body for snugly fitting therein. The golf ball rolls down along the top rails of the U channel and onto a golf putting green when the lifting handle is elevated to a preset angle, and thereby allowing for measuring green speed based on a distance covered by the ball on the golf putting green. Further, a corresponding method and a container for carrying the apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is set forth herein in one embodiment, a structure including a metallic grating having a grating pattern, the metallic grating including a critical dimension. The metallic grating can output a spectral profile when exposed to electromagnetic radiation, the spectral profile having a feature. The grating pattern can be configured so that a change of the critical dimension produces a shift in a value of the feature of the spectral profile. A method can include propagating input electromagnetic radiation onto a metallic grating having a two dimensional periodic grating pattern and measuring a critical dimension of the metallic grating using output electromagnetic radiation from the metallic grating.

Abstract: A bonded structure (10) includes a laminate (12A), a laminate (12B), an adhesive (14) that bonds together the laminate (12A) and the laminate (12B), and an optical fiber (16) sandwiched between the laminate (12A) and the laminate (12B). When a pressure is applied to the optical fiber (16) only from a predetermined direction, the sectional shape of the optical fiber (16) changes to an elliptical shape, so that birefringence occurs, whereby the shape of the light spectrum changes so as to have multiple (e.g., two) peaks. The optical fiber (16) is used as a sensor for detecting the bonding condition between the laminate (12A) and the laminate (12B) based on this birefringence. Thus, with the bonded structure 10, it is possible to determine whether members are bonded together appropriately.

Abstract: Devices and methods for recording dynamics of cellular and/or biochemical processes, including a device including one or more dispersive elements configured to receive a pulsed laser beam with a spectrum of different wavelengths and disperse the spectrum of the pulsed laser beam; and one or more first elements configured to receive the dispersed spectrum of the pulsed laser beam, and generate a multiphoton excitation area in a biological sample by re-overlapping in time and space the dispersed spectrum of the pulsed laser beam on an area in the biological sample, wherein the device is configured to record at high speed changes of cellular and biochemical processes of a population of cells of the biological sample based on generation of the multiphoton excitation area in the biological sample.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting trace gases utilize a resonance optical cavity and a coherent light source coupled to the cavity through a cavity coupling mirror. The cavity is constructed of a material having the same or a similar coefficient of thermal expansion as the mirror elements defining the cavity. The main (bulk) cavity material may be the same as the main (bulk) material that forms the mirror elements, or it may be different. Such resonant cavity configurations provide improved accuracy and stability as compared to existing cavity configurations based upon similar principles.