Abstract: Disclosed is a method for selectively separating and recovering silicon from waste silicon sludge generated during a semiconductor manufacturing process. With the method for separating and recovering silicon from the silicon sludge, oil components, iron, silicon carbide that are included in the silicon sludge may be removed and silicon may be selectively separated and recovered. In addition, silicon may be efficiently recovered without injection of an additive for precipitating a specific component or without a separate device such as a magnetic separator, or the like, for removing iron.

Abstract: In this invention, we disclose a method as well as silica and/or organosilica mesoporous materials obtained by templating using nanocrystalline cellulose and removal of the latter using acidic conditions. The resultant mesoporous silica materials are characterized by having high surface area with tunable iridescence resulting from the long-range chiral nematic organization. This invention is an improvement over the formation of composite materials formed with nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and silica, where the calcination of the materials led to removal of the cellulose and formation of a mesoporous silica material. Characteristically, the removal of the NCC template using acidic conditions differentiates the silica materials thus obtained in two ways: (1) It does not lead to as significant contraction of the materials as from calcination thereby giving access to materials with larger mesopores; and (2) it allows the formation of mesoporous chiral nematic compositions that include heat-sensitive components.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of large crystal size synthetic porous crystalline molecular sieve requires an aqueous reaction mixture that is organic structure directing agent-free, has a H2O/MOH molar ratio (M is an alkali metal) of 75 or less, a source of X2O3 (X is a trivalent element) and a source of YO2 (Y is a tetravalent element). The source of X2O3 and YO2 is an amorphous material containing both X2O3 and YO2 and having a YO2/X2O3 molar ratio of 15 to 40. The resultant highly crystalline novel materials have crystals with at least one dimension greater than 1 ?m, such as greater than 3 ?m.

Abstract: CHA-type molecular sieves are prepared using a N,N,N-trimethyl-1-adamantammonium cation structure directing agent in conjunction with a N,N-dimethyl-3,5-dimethylpiperidinium cation structure directing agent.

Abstract: A sol-flame method includes 1) forming a sol-gel precursor solution of a source of a dopant; 2) coating a nanostructure or a thin film with the sol-gel precursor solution; and 3) subjecting the coated nanostructure or the coated thin film to flame annealing to form a doped nanostructure or a doped thin film.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are indium-tin-oxide nanoparticles and a method for continuously producing precipitated indium-tin nanoparticles having a particle size range of substantially from about 10 nm to about 200 nm and a substantially consistent ratio of indium to tin in the resultant nanoparticles across the duration of the continuous process, based on the ratio of indium to tin in a seeding solution. The method comprises preparing intermediate indium and tin compounds of the general formula [M(OH)xCy], where M represents the indium or tin ionic component of indium or tin salts, C represents the cationic component of indium or tin salt(s), x is a number greater than 0 and y=[M*valance?x]/C* valance in the seeding solution. The intermediate compounds are continuously precipitated with a base solution in a reaction vessel initially having a solvent contained therein. The method also provides a means for controlling the shape of the resultant nanoparticles.

Abstract: A mixed solvent is prepared by dissolving acetic acid and lithium acetate in a mixture of isopropanol and water. This mixed solvent together with titanium alkoxide and carbon nanofiber (CNF) were introduced into a rotary reactor, the inner tube was rotated at a centrifugal force of 66,000 N (kgms?2) for 5 minutes to form a thin film of the reactant on the inner wall of the outer tube, and sheer stress and centrifugal force were applied to the reactant to allow promotion of chemical reaction, yielding CNF on which highly dispersed lithium titanate nanoparticle precursors are supported. The obtained composite powder was heated under nitrogen atmosphere at 900° C. for 3 minutes, yielding a composite powder in which highly dispersed lithium titanate nanoparticles are supported on CNF, wherein crystallization of lithium titanate was allowed to progress.

Abstract: A compact and portable liquid concentrator includes a gas inlet, a gas exit and a flow corridor connecting the gas inlet and the gas exit, wherein the flow corridor includes a narrowed portion that accelerates the gas through the flow corridor. A liquid inlet injects liquid into the gas stream at a point prior to the narrowed portion so that the gas-liquid mixture is thoroughly mixed within the flow corridor, causing a portion of the liquid to be evaporated. A demister or fluid scrubber downstream of the narrowed portion removes entrained liquid droplets from the gas stream and re-circulates the removed liquid to the liquid inlet through a re-circulating circuit. The compact and portable liquid concentrator is mountable on a truck bed or skid for easy transportation to remote sites.

Abstract: Multi-walled carbon nanotubes impregnated with iron nanoparticles are synthesized. The multi-walled carbon nanotubes are used as sorbents to remove benzene from water. The removal of benzene increases with the increase of impregnated iron percent in the multi-walled carbon nanotube.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of manufacturing an organic-inorganic composite hybrid adsorbent by impregnating activated carbon nanopores with an oxide and a water treatment method using the same, and particularly, to an adsorbent including a porous adsorbent and ferrihydrite, goethite, hematite or magnetite incorporated into the porous adsorbent, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: A pollutant collector retrofit for a marine vessel or the like for collecting and removing pollutants from the surface of a body of water, and in particular a modular skimmer system configured to be mounted to the hull of a conventional marine vessel, to facilitate same for use in oil spill skimming operations or the like. The present invention also includes a method for converting a marine vessel for use in skimming operations, utilizing a unique skimmer system configured for mounting to one or both outer sides of a marine vessel, along its hull.

Abstract: Process for the purification of an aqueous stream coming from the Fischer-Tropsch reaction which comprises feeding said aqueous stream to one or more pervaporation units obtaining an aqueous stream enriched in oxygenated organic compounds (retentate side) and an aqueous stream enriched in water (permeate side), feeding said aqueous stream enriched in oxygenated organic compounds to a saturator obtaining a gaseous stream leaving the saturator, feeding said gaseous stream to a synthesis gas production plant. Said process allows at least a part of the aqueous stream coming from the Fischer-Tropsch reaction to be used as process water in a synthesis gas production plant, subsequently sent to a Fischer-Tropsch plant for the production of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing a redox active contaminant in a waste stream in a waste treatment system involve performing a unit process of the waste treatment system by contacting redox active contaminant in the waste stream with oxyhydrogen-rich gas generated on-site by an oxyhydrogen gas generator that implements water dissociation technology. The oxyhydrogen gas generator involves applying a pulsed electrical signal to a series of closely spaced electrodes that are submerged in the waste stream to produce oxyhydrogen-rich gas from a water component of the waste stream. Operation of the oxyhydrogen gas generator in the waste stream may accomplish one or more unit processes for waste treatment, such as oxidation, stripping, floatation, disinfection, conditioning, stabilization, thickening, and dewatering, among others.

Abstract: A method for removing an unwanted chemical from a working fluid of a system includes: 1) pumping into a tank a working fluid that includes an unwanted, first chemical; 2) injecting into the tank a second chemical in an amount that provides or substantially provides a stoichiometric ratio relative to the amount of the unwanted, first chemical in the working fluid; 3) mixing the second chemical with the working fluid in a first portion of the tank to generate a molecule that precipitates out of the working fluid and that includes the unwanted, first chemical; 4) holding the working fluid in a second portion of the tank to separate the molecule from the working fluid; and 5) ejecting the working fluid from the second portion. The flow rate of the working fluid and the size of the first and second portions of the separation tank are coordinated to make the working fluid take at least 4 minutes to flow through the tank.

Abstract: Alkyl phosphonates prepared from amino acids suitable for use in inhibiting scale. The phosphonates are obtained as reaction mixtures where the level of alkyl phosphonation is deliberately controlled to provide only partial alkyl phosphonation of the amino acid. The resulting alkyl phosphonates exhibit improved environmental properties compared to the fully substituted species, while still exhibiting acceptable efficacy in the control of scale. The compositions possess advantages over existing phosphonates in that they exhibit higher biodegradation by method OECD 306. They also offer lower toxicity to marine life compared to the fully substituted species and are not expected to bioaccumulate.

Abstract: Novel phosphonate compounds are disclosed embodying an aminophosphonate moiety and a selected reaction partner. These compounds offer beneficial alternatives, and additional possibilities, to extant phosphonates and are capable of delivering desirable benefits from an application standpoint and from a compatibility standpoint broadly.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of making a vessel having a sculptural interior, comprising attaching a textile core to the air inlet port of an I.S. machine, inserting a gob of molten glass into a mold to surround the textile core, applying compressed air to press the molten glass around the textile core, applying compressed air to inflate the textile core creating the bottle, allowing the bottle to cool sufficiently to withdraw the core from the bottle, and withdrawing the textile core from the bottle.

Abstract: A device for forming a glass semi-product loaded in a die set is comprised of: a first chamber enclosing a heating zone, a waiting zone and a cooling zone arranged in a row along a first direction and being controllable of an atmosphere in the first chamber; a second chamber in spatial communication with the first chamber and closable so as to keep vacuum in the second chamber, the second chamber so neighboring on the waiting zone as to receive the die set moving from the waiting zone in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; and a ram disposed in the second chamber and movable to get contact with the die set and carry out press-forming on the glass semi-product in the vacuum kept in the second chamber.

Abstract: Managing pressure within a thickness-control-zone (muffle door) housing relative to pressures in a glass-making machine enclosure and an upper chamber that is disposed outside the enclosure so as to minimize or control undesired airflows that would adversely affect thickness of glass ribbon. According to one pressure management technique, the pressure at a location in the housing is managed so as to be less than the pressure at a location that is within the enclosure as well as both outside and adjacent to the housing. In the event of a leak, as by a crack or unintended opening in the housing, for example, this pressure difference reduces or prevents airflow toward the ribbon and, thereby, undesired thickness variation in the ribbon. According to a second pressure-management technique, the pressure at the location is managed so as to be greater than the pressure in the upper chamber.

Abstract: On an EUV light-reflecting surface of titania-doped quartz glass, an angle (?) included between a straight line connecting an origin (O) at the center of the reflecting surface to a birefringence measurement point (A) and a fast axis of birefringence at the measurement point (A) has an average value of more than 45 degrees. Since fast axes of birefringence are distributed in a concentric fashion, a titania-doped quartz glass substrate having a high flatness is obtainable which is suited for use in the EUV lithography.

Abstract: A method, press station (12), and system (10) for forming glass sheets that are initially formed with an upwardly concave curved shape with end portions (86) and an intermediate portion (88) having straight line elements that are subsequently formed with curved shapes to provide curvature along transverse directions. The forming is performed by initially providing curvature to the straight line elements of the glass sheet end portions while the intermediate portion (88) still has the straight line elements. The glass sheet intermediate portion is subsequently formed to provide curvature to its straight line elements so the glass sheet has curvature in transverse directions.

Abstract: A strengthened glass sheet product as well as process and an apparatus for making the product. The process comprises cooling the glass sheet by non-contact thermal conduction for sufficiently long to fix a surface compression and central tension of the sheet. The process results in thermally strengthened glass sheets having improved breakage properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plasma deposition process for producing an optical preform, which is characterized by a cladding glass layer having a non-round internal cross-section together with high fluorine doping and axially and radially specified dopant distribution, which in the simplest case is as uniform as possible. For this purpose, a two-stage method is proposed, wherein a substrate body having a non-round cross-section is first reshaped into a coated substrate body having a circular cross-section in that a POD filling layer made of quartz glass having the nominal fluorine concentration is deposited onto a present filling surface and rounded by grinding, and then in the second stage of the method a POD sheathing glass layer made of fluorine-doped quartz glass and having a circular-ring-shaped cross-section is deposited.

Abstract: A knitted fabric made from yarn comprising fibers. At least part of these are metal fibers. The yarn comprises at least 3 bundles or single yarns. The bundles or single yarns have an equivalent bundle diameter which are equal or differ maximally 40%. The fabric is used as a separation cloth (12) between mold (11) and glass (14), which is utilized in the process of forming glass plates, or for covering of press-on rings or press-rings and the means of transport by which glass plates are moved during the forming process. The use of yarns composed of least 3 bundles which more or less have the same equivalent bundle diameter reduces the risks for markings on the glass.

Abstract: A soda-lime-silica glass container and related methods of manufacturing. A black-strikable glass composition having a base glass portion and a latent colorant portion is prepared. The base glass portion includes soda-lime-silica glass materials and one or more blue colorant materials, and the latent colorant portion includes cuprous oxide (Cu2O), stannous oxide (SnO), bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), and carbon (C). Glass containers may be formed from the black-strikable glass composition, and these glass containers may be heated to a temperature greater than 600 degrees Celsius to strike black therein. The glass containers formed from the black-strikable glass composition may be inspected—before or after striking—by infrared inspection equipment.

Abstract: Provided are an enamel composition, a preparation method thereof, and a cooking appliance including the same. The enamel composition includes a glass frit containing P2O5, SiO2, TiO2, Na2O, and Al2O3. The glass frit contains about 10 wt % to about 25 wt % of SiO2, about 5 wt % to about 20 wt % of TiO2, about 5 wt % to about 15 wt % of Na2O, and about 9 wt % to about 20 wt % of Al2O3, and the glass frit has a glass deformation temperature of about 500° C. or more, and a reflectivity of about 70% or more.

Abstract: Provided are a enamel composition, a preparation method thereof, and a cooking appliance. The enamel composition includes a glass frit comprising P2O5, SiO2, B2O3, Al2O3, R2O (where R is an alkali metal), a chemical property enhancement component, and an adhesion enhancement component. The chemical property enhancement component includes at least one of ZrO2 and TiO2, and the adhesion enhancement component includes at least one of CoO, NiO, MnO2 and Fe2O3.

Abstract: The amorphous and/or partially crystalline glass solders are particularly suitable for high-temperature applications, e.g. in fuel cells or sensors in the exhaust gas stream of internal combustion engines. The glass solder is characterized by a linear coefficient of thermal expansion in the temperature range from 20° C. to 300° C. of 8.0×10?6 K?1 to 11.0×10?6 K?1 and a hemisphere temperature of 820° C. to 1100° C. and is suitable for laser bonding.

Abstract: A transparent low-colour lithium aluminium silicate (LAS) glass ceramic and the use thereof are provided. The ceramic has an environmentally friendly composition with high-quartz mixed crystals as the main crystal phase. The glass ceramic contains the following components (in wt % on the basis of oxide): TiO2 1.6-<2.5; Nd2O3 0.005-0.15; MgO 0.2-1.0; ZnO 1-2.5; CaO+SrO 0-1.5; BaO 0-1.5 with the condition B1: MgO+ZnO>CaO+SrO +BaO. In some embodiments, the glass ceramic has a hue c* of less than 5.5, a light transmission Y greater than 81% and has no visually disruptive diffusion.

Abstract: Methods for forming vias in glass substrates by laser drilling and acid etching are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method forming a via in a glass substrate includes laser drilling the via through at least a portion of a thickness of the glass substrate from an incident surface of the glass substrate. The method further includes etching the glass substrate for an etching duration to increase a diameter of an incident opening of the via and applying ultrasonic energy to the glass substrate during at least a portion of the etching duration. The applied ultrasonic energy has a frequency between 40 kHz and 192 kHz.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass panel including at least two layers deposited by cathode sputtering, including at least one layer of a metal oxide, suboxide, nitride or oxynitride having a refractive index which is not lower than 2.2 and, stacked directly or indirectly on top of said layer, at least one layer consisting of mixed oxides of titanium and at least one other metal, said mixed oxides having a weight proportion of titanium oxide which is not less than 40% and not greater than 95%, the thickness of the layer in question and that of the other layer(s) having a refractive index greater than 2.2 being selected such that, on a 4-mm thick sheet of clear “float” glass, said layer(s) result(s) in a reflection of at least 15% and a light transmission of at least 60%, the layer or system of layers in question further having a mechanical and/or chemical resistance comparable to those of layers produced by pyrolysis for obtaining products having the same type of optical properties.

Abstract: A substrate is provided with an abrasion resistance antireflection coating. The coated substrate includes a multilayer antireflection coating on at least one side. The coating has layers with different refractive indices, wherein higher refractive index layers alternate with lower refractive index layers. The layers having a lower refractive index are formed of silicon oxide with a proportion of aluminum, with a ratio of the amounts of aluminum to silicon is greater than 0.05, preferably greater than 0.08, but with the amount of silicon predominant relative to the amount of aluminum. The layers having a higher refractive index include a silicide, an oxide, or a nitride.

Abstract: A laminate which contains a transparent substrate, a unit layer formed on the transparent substrate, and a tin zinc oxide layer formed on the unit layer. The unit layer contains a dielectric layer, a metal layer, a barrier layer, and a dielectric layer in this order starting from the transparent substrate side, and the dielectric layers contain substantially no carbon. The tin zinc oxide layer contains an oxide of tin and zinc as the main component and further contains carbon in an amount of at least 0.1 atomic % to the total amount of tin and zinc.

Abstract: Embodiments provided herein describe low-e panels and methods for forming low-e panels. A transparent substrate is provided. A reflective layer is formed above the transparent substrate. A metal oxide layer is formed between the transparent substrate and the reflective layer. A base layer is formed between transparent substrate and the metal oxide layer. The base layer has a first refractive index. A dielectric layer is formed between the base layer and the metal oxide layer. The dielectric layer has a second refractive index.

Abstract: A transparent dielectric composition comprising tin, oxygen and one of aluminum or magnesium with preferably higher than 15% by weight of aluminum or magnesium offers improved thermal stability over tin oxide with respect to appearance and optical properties under high temperature processes. For example, upon a heat treatment at temperatures higher than 500 C, changes in color and index of refraction of the present transparent dielectric composition are noticeably less than those of tin oxide films of comparable thickness. The transparent dielectric composition can be used in high transmittance, low emissivity coated panels, providing thermal stability so that there are no significant changes in the coating optical and structural properties, such as visible transmission, IR reflectance, microscopic morphological properties, color appearance, and haze characteristics, of the as-coated and heated treated products.

Abstract: A construction material mixture used as a concrete additive contains a puzzolanic substrate and a photocatalyst. The puzzolanic substrate and the photocatalyst are available in the form of a dry mixture. The construction material mixture is a cement free dry mixture, wherein the photocatalyst has a primary particle size of between 2 nm and 100 nm. The puzzolanic substrate consists of at least 90 weight % of fly ash with a grain size of between 0.1 ?m and 1 mm. The substrate and the photocatalyst are available completely mixed so that the photocatalyst is at least partially distributed on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Dry mix formulations containing a redispersible polymer powder (RDP) made of a low carboxylation, large particle size water-insoluble film-forming styrene butadiene polymer having at least one ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid monomer, and a high alumina content cement such as a calcium aluminate cement (CAC) or a calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) provides cement compositions having unexpectedly superior water immersion shear strength and set time for a cement containing tile adhesive (CBTA or CTA), superior adhesion properties in water proofing mortars or mortar applications, and superior flexural and compressive strength in grout applications.

Abstract: A product formed from a first material including a geopolymer resin material, a geopolymer resin, or a combination thereof by contacting the first material with a fluid and removing at least some of the fluid to yield a product. The first material may be formed by heating and/or aging an initial geopolymer resin material to yield the first material before contacting the first material with the fluid. In some cases, contacting the first material with the fluid breaks up or disintegrates the first material (e.g., in response to contact with the fluid and in the absence of external mechanical stress), thereby forming particles having an external dimension in a range between 1 nm and 2 cm.

Abstract: A construction material composition includes a cross-linked starch derivative of a starch that is rich in amylopectin and has an amylopectin content greater than 85%.

Abstract: A surface coating, colorant, pigment or polymer composite preparation that provides resistance to degradation when exposed to at least some portion of ultraviolet radiation having wavelengths between approximately 190 and 400 nm is made up of a dispersion of an effective amount of diamond nanoparticles in a binding matrix, wherein at least a portion of the diamond nanoparticles have a size greater than about 60 nm so that the diamond particles provide ultraviolet radiation degradation resistance properties in the dispersion. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising, based on the dry weight of said composition, (A) 10 to 70% by weight of one or more hydraulic binder and (B) 20 to 85% by weight of one or more filler, wherein the composition contains 0.05 to 5% by weight, based on the amount of the hydraulic binder, of at least one terpenoid alcohol, wherein the terpenoid alcohol is not terpineol or borneol. Additionally disclosed is a hardened product made by the composition and the use of at least one terpenoid alcohol in a composition, comprising hydraulic binder and filler, to reduce the shrinkage of the wet composition during curing.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for analyzing a raw material for manufacturing of gypsum products, analyzing a plurality of gypsum products, and the gypsum products produced therefrom. Desirably, the analyzing of the raw material is conducted using prompt gamma neutron activation analysis.

Abstract: A ceramic electronic component includes a magnetic section composed of a ferrite material and a coil conductor containing Cu as its main constituent. The magnetic section is formed from Ni—Cu—Zn ferrite which falls within the range specified by (x, y)=A (25, 1), B (47, 1), C (47, 7.5), D (46, 7.5), E (46, 10), F (30, 10), G (30, 7.5), and H (25, 7.5) when the molar content x of Fe2O3 and the molar content y of Mn2O3 are represented by (x, y). A CuO molar content of 0.5 to 10.0 mol %, a ZnO content of 1.0 to 35.0 mol %, a MgO content of 5.0 to 35.0 mol %, and NiO as the balance is present. Even when co-firing with a conductive material containing Cu as its main constituent, insulation properties are ensured, favorable electrical properties are achieved, and a ceramic electronic component is achieved.

Abstract: Achieved is a ceramic carbon composite material and a ceramic-coated ceramic carbon composite material which are lighter than ceramics and excellent in at least one of properties including oxidation resistance, resistance to dust generation, heat conductivity, electrical conductivity, strength, and denseness. The ceramic carbon composite material is a ceramic carbon composite material in which an interfacial layer of a ceramic is formed between carbon particles of or containing graphite. The ceramic carbon composite material can be produced by forming a green body from ceramic-coated powder in which the surfaces of carbon particles of or containing graphite are coated with individual ceramic layers and sintering the green body.

Abstract: A controlled-release fertilizer composition is provided that is substantially coated with an impermeable layer. The fertilizer composition may further include one or more hollow sections to allow for root penetration and efficient delivery of nutrients.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process involving a new method of use for methyl isothiocyanate (MITC)-generating compounds in the treatment of organic waste material to reduce vector attraction. The present invention results in waste that is more suitable for use as a fertilizer and meets the standard for vector attraction reduction (VAR) as established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The method includes the application of MITC generating compounds, such as metam sodium, to organic waste material, resulting in the generation of MITC. The MITC generated by the process of the present invention results in a loss of attraction for organic waste material normally experienced by disease-transmitting pests such as flies and rodents.

Abstract: A method to prevent the removal or deactivation of the calcium carbonate diluent from calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) fertilizer by terrorists or insurgents attempting to produce home-made-explosives, such as ANFO. A first embodiment involving dry mixing an organic polymer and CAN fertilizer—such that if the mixture is added to water a hydrogel will be formed defeat the separation of the calcium carbonate. A second embodiment involving adding encapsulated water or encapsulated urea, such that if the mixture is ground to a fine powder to defeat the effect of the diluent—the released urea will take water out of the atmosphere or the released water (from the encapsulated water) will interact with the organic polymer to create a hydrogel, to maintain the non-detonability of the CAN.

Abstract: The invention relates to an energetic active composition comprising a dihydroxylammonium salt or diammonium salt of 5,5?-bistetrazole-1,1?-diol, 5,5?-bistetrazole-1,2?-diol or 5,5?-bistetrazole-2,2?-diol or a mixture of at least two of these salts.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a system for converting methanol or synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbons with comparable energy content to gasoline within a mixed bed single reactor or double reactor systems. Varying catalyst composition and temperature profiles allow for significant tailoring of reaction conditions to the specific feedstocks or the desired products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tube joint for joining first and second tubes located in a fired heater for heating process fluids, e.g., process heaters and heated tubular reactors both with and without catalyst. The tubes are joined in face-to-face contact, e.g., by welding the tube joint of the first tube to the tube joint of the second tube.