Abstract: A method for producing calcium sulfoaluminate cement comprises the steps of providing thermal energy by combustion of sulphur and/or a sulphur-containing compound, reacting sulphur oxides produced by combustion of the sulphur and/or sulphur-containing compound with a mixture of calcium oxide and/or carbonate, and alumina and/or its hydrates to form a sulphur-containing mixture, heating the sulphur-containing mixture using the thermal energy to produce a clinker, and reacting remaining sulphur oxides produced by combustion of the sulphur and/or sulphur-containing compound with lime. The sulphur and/or sulphur-containing compound preferably comprises elemental sulphur, sour crude, sour gas or calcium sulfate.

Abstract: A hybrid magnesium cement composition formed from an A-side component and a B-side component. The A-side component includes an A1-component including a light-burn grade magnesium-containing material, and an A2-component including a non-metallic oxide salt. A B-side component having a metal silicate polymer is included.

Abstract: There are provided gypsum panels, sheets and multi-layer sheets as well as methods of preparation thereof. For example, there are provided cellulose filament-reinforced gypsum panels, sheets and multi-layer sheets and methods of preparation thereof. For example, in such gypsum panels, sheets and multi-layer sheets gypsum is bound with cellulose filaments to strengthen the gypsum panels, sheets and multi-layer sheets. The cellulose filament-reinforced gypsum panel can be, for example, a core comprising a honeycomb or corrugated structure. There are also provided aqueous suspensions comprising cellulose filaments and CaSO4.2H2O.

Abstract: A sorbent composition and process of making sorbent designed for the removal of contaminants from flue gas and subsequent use in cement or concrete formulations are discussed. The sorbent composition comprises a coal feed stock prepared to have a total BET surface area of at least 350 m2/g, and wherein the sorbent has a cumulative surface area less than 10 m2/g for pore diameters between 0.01 and 0.1 microns, a cumulative pore volume less than 0.055 cc/g for pore diameters between 0.01 and 0.1 microns, or both.

Abstract: A linoleum composition comprising Bedford cement as a binder, wood flour as a filler, and wax in an amount effective to provide the wood flour filler with hydrophobic properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a binder comprising the following steps: a) providing a starting material, from raw materials, that has a molar (Ca+Mg)/(Si+Al+Fe) ratio from 1 to 3.5, a molar ratio Ca/Mg from 0.1 to 100, and a molar Al/Si ratio from 100 to 0.1, wherein constituents that are inert during the hydrothermal treatment in an autoclave are not taken into account for determination of the ratios, b) mixing the raw materials, c) hydrothermal treating of the starting material mixture produced in step b) in an autoclave at a temperature from 100 to 300° C. and a residence time from 0.1 to 24 h, wherein the water/solids ratio is 0.1 to 100, d) tempering the intermediate product obtained in step c) at 350 to 600° C., wherein the heating rate is 10-6000° C./min and the residence time is 0.01-600 min.

Abstract: Ceramic matrix composite materials and processes for making said composite materials are disclosed,

Abstract: A method of forming a densified preform or composite part is disclosed that includes partially densifying a porous preform, forming channels in the partially densified preform that open to an exterior surface of the partially densified preform, infiltrating a densifying agent, such as pitch, into at least some of the channels of the partially densified preform, at least partially stabilizing the densifying agent, including heating at a first temperature, such that cracks form within the densifying agent, and exposing the preform to an oxidizing agent, and heating the at least partially stabilized preform at a second temperature to carbonize at least the stabilized densifying agent. A partially densified preform including a densifying agent disposed at least in such channels also is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to bio-renewable fertilizer compositions and methods of making and using the bio-renewable fertilizer compositions. In particular, the fertilizer compositions include biodegradable nutrient carriers, which have naturally derived, bio-renewable nitrogen content. The fertilizer compositions also contain biodegradable stabilizer.

Abstract: A water processing system is provided for providing plasma-catalytic enhanced water that contributes to improved yield and growth of plants. The system may include a plasma power supply configured to initiate the plasma and regulate the plasma discharge current of a plasma discharge, a plasma discharge reactor connected to the plasma power supply and configured to generate the plasma discharge, a pump connected to a water source and configured to deliver water to a nozzle configured to spray water into the plasma discharge, a compressor connected to a gas source and configured to deliver a gas for the plasma discharge, and collector to collect the water after the water has passed through the plasma discharge. Methods of making and applying the plasma-catalytic enhanced water are also provided.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a composting system and method. The system comprises: (a) a container configured to contain a composition and comprising (i) insulated walls, (ii) an air intake and (iii) a vent; and (b) a composition contained in the container. The composition comprises aerobic microorganisms, a carbon source and a nutrient source sufficient to support growth of the aerobic microorganisms. The container is sufficiently insulated so that heat generated by aerobic respiration is sufficiently retained in the container to maintain a heat gradient in the container. The container is dimensioned to generate a stack effect that moves air into the air intake, through the composition and out the vent. The moving air provides oxygen to support growth of aerobic microorganisms, making the stack effect self-sustaining as long as a carbon source and nutrients last. The insulation can maintain temperatures in the composting cell sufficient to kill pathogenic microorganisms.

Abstract: Improved agriculturally useful products are provided, including solid materials such as nitrogenous fertilizers (e.g., urea), together with a polycarboxylated polymer selected from the group consisting of a salts of copolymers containing individual quantities of maleic and itaconic moieties. The polymer composition also includes from about 10-60% by weight of an organic drying agent such as a lower alcohol which enhances the quick drying properties thereof. The compositions may also include an amount of boron, and bimodal vinylic polymer made up of quantities of high and low molecular weight (MW) vinylic polymers such as PVA.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are matrix-type, controlled-release granular compound fertilizer and a method for preparing the same. The method comprises: mixing a natural or synthetic polymer as a binder with a nutrient-absorbent, bulking agent to give a mixture, and drying and pulverizing the mixture to afford a nutrient-absorbent supplement; and evenly blending the nutrient-absorbent supplement with a fertilizer ingredient and drying the blend.

Abstract: A pyrotechnic formulation, wherein that formulation includes a tricyclic phosphate ester.

Abstract: A primer includes a layered thermite coating comprising alternating layers of metal oxide and reducing metal (thermite) deposited upon a substrate. The layered thermite coating may include a primary ignition portion adjacent to the substrate, and a secondary ignition portion deposited on the primary ignition portion. The alternating thermite layers may be thinner within the primary ignition portion than in the secondary ignition portion. The primary ignition portion is structured for sensitivity to a firing pin strike to the opposite side of the substrate. The secondary ignition portion is structured to burn at a rate that will ignite smokeless powder or other ignitable substances used in munitions.

Abstract: Apparatuses and processes for converting an oxygenate feedstock, such as methanol and dimethyl ether, in a fluidized bed containing a catalyst to hydrocarbons, such as gasoline boiling components, olefins and aromatics are provided herein.

Abstract: Apparatuses and processes for converting an oxygenate feedstock, such as methanol and/or dimethyl ether, in a fluidized bed containing a catalyst to hydrocarbons, such as gasoline boiling components, olefins and aromatics are provided herein.

Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor is provided, comprising an inlet zone at a lower position, an outlet zone at an upper position, and a reaction zone between the inlet zone and the outlet zone. A guide plate with through holes is disposed in the reaction zone, comprising a dense channel region in an intermediate region thereof and a sparse channel region disposed on a periphery thereof and encompassing the dense channel region. Catalysts in said fluidized bed reactor can be homogeneously distributed in the reaction zone thereof, whereby the reaction efficiency can be improved. A reaction regeneration apparatus comprising said fluidized bed reactor, and a process for preparing olefins from oxygenates and a process for preparing aromatic hydrocarbons from oxygenates using the reaction regeneration apparatus.

Abstract: In a process for producing phenol, a cleavage feed comprising cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide is supplied to a cleavage reaction zone and a cleavage reaction mixture comprising the cleavage feed is contacted in the cleavage reaction zone with a solid acid catalyst under conditions effective to produce a cleavage effluent comprising phenol and cyclohexanone. The cleavage effluent is then divided into at least a cleavage product and a cleavage recycle and the cleavage recycle and a polar solvent is supplied to the cleavage reaction zone to produce the cleavage reaction mixture with the cleavage feed. Preferably, the polar solvent is combined with the cleavage recycle before being charged into the cleavage reaction zone.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the recovery of an alkylene glycol from an aqueous stream comprising the alkylene glycol and the corresponding dialkylene glycol, said process comprising the steps of providing the aqueous stream comprising the alkylene glycol and the corresponding dialkylene glycol, providing a first solvent stream, combining said aqueous stream comprising the alkylene glycol and the corresponding dialkylene glycol with said first solvent stream and recovering at least a portion of the alkylene glycol by liquid-liquid extraction, wherein said solvent comprises an amine.

Abstract: Process for producing acetic acid is disclosed in which the reaction medium is separated into a liquid recycle and a vapor product stream including acetic acid, methyl iodide, methyl acetate and water in a flash vessel. The vapor product stream is condensed into a liquid stream that is enriched in acetic acid and this liquid stream is further sent to the distillation columns to recover acetic acid. The process advantageously improves the capacity of the acetic acid production while reducing the amount of acetic acid that is recycled.

Abstract: A method of isomerizing a substance includes combining a substance including a terminal alkenyl group and a substance including a fluorosulfonic acid group in a reaction mixture, and forming a substance including a 2-alkenyl group from the substance including a terminal alkenyl group in the reaction mixture. The method may be used to functionalize a substance, as the substance including a 2-alkenyl group can be reacted with a functionalizing agent to form a substance including a first functional group. The methods may be used to form a dicarboxylic acid, such as suberic acid, from a renewable feedstock.

Abstract: A preparation method of carboxylic acids or ketones using ozone, singlet state oxygen atom O(1D) or hydroxyl free radical is provided. The method includes: filling ozone, singlet state oxygen atom O(1D) and/or hydroxyl free radical to cycloalkanes or benzenes at a pre-determined temperature and a pre-determined pressure in the presence or absence of light irradiation to produce carboxylic acids or ketones. The reaction occurs at room temperature and atmospheric pressure without producing harmful side products. The preparation method is a simple, low energy consuming, and eco-friendly method.

Abstract: Processes for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, such as acrylic acid, or a salt thereof, using solid promoters are disclosed. The solid promoters can be certain solid oxides, mixed oxides, and clays, illustrative examples of which can include alumina, zirconia, magnesia, magnesium aluminate, sepiolite, and similar materials.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for producing an beta-lactone product. The method includes the steps of: reacting an epoxide, a solvent with a carbonylation catalyst and carbon monoxide to produce a reaction stream comprising a beta-lactone then separating a portion of the beta-lactone in the reaction stream from the solvent and carbonylation catalyst to produce: i) a beta-lactone stream with the beta-lactone, and ii) a catalyst recycling stream including the carbonylation catalyst and the high boiling solvent; and adding the catalyst recycling stream to the feed stream.

Abstract: A transesterification catalyst that is heterogeneous and a method for preparing said transesterification catalyst are provided. The catalyst can be used in a variety of transesterification reactor configurations including CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactors), ebullated (or ebullating) beds or any other fluidized bed reactors, and PFR (plug flow, fixed bed reactors). The catalyst can be used for manufacturing commercial grade biodiesel, biolubricants and glycerin.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a process for synthesis of 3-aryl-2-hydroxy propanoic acid derivatives of formula (S)-1. wherein R1 represents H or (C1-C5) alkyl groups and R2 represents (C1-C5) alkyl groups.

Abstract: A method for producing ?-, ?-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters in high yield from acetone cyanohydrin and sulfuric acid through the separation and concurrent catalytic conversion of reaction side products to additional ?-, ?-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester product. The catalyst comprises at least one Group IA element, and boron as a promoter, on a porous support.

Abstract: A method for producing an ester compound including reacting a compound having at least one cyclic structure of a norbornene ring and a norbornadiene ring with an alcohol and carbon monoxide by using a palladium catalyst and an oxidizing agent, to thereby introduce ester groups to carbon atoms forming a double bond in the cyclic structure and obtain the ester compound, wherein the palladium catalyst comprises a palladium complex having a bipyridyl as a ligand.

Abstract: Objects of the present invention are to provide an industrially applicable method for producing an optically active ?-amino acid in high yield and in a highly enantioselective manner, to provide a simple production method of an optically active ?,?-disubstituted ?-amino acid, and to provide an intermediate useful for the above production methods of an optically active ?-amino acid and an optically active ?,?-disubstituted ?-amino acid. The present invention provides a production method of an optically active ?-amino acid or a salt thereof, the production method comprising introducing a substituent into the ? carbon in the ?-amino acid moiety of a metal complex represented by the following Formula (1): by an alkylation reaction, an aldol reaction, the Michael reaction, or the Mannich reaction, and releasing an optically pure ?-amino acid enantiomer or a salt thereof by acid decomposition of the metal complex.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for the synthesis of a 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxybenzamide and other benzamides of Compound I: wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen, a C1-C6 alkyl, or a C1-C6 alkoxy; and wherein R6 and R7 each independently represent a hydrogen, a C1-C6 alkyl, a protecting group, or a directing group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a (2R,3R)-3-(3-substituted phenyl)-2-methyl n-pentanamide compounds as shown in the formula I and the preparation method thereof, wherein, the substituents are as defined in the specification, the present invention further relates to a use of the above compounds for the preparation of tapentadol II or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and the intermediates involved in the preparation process

Abstract: This disclosure relates to N-(4-(bis(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)methylene)-8-(dimethylamino)naphthalen-1(4H)-ylidene)-N-methylmethanaminium, derivatives, and uses related thereto. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to compounds of formula I. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to methods of treating or preventing Nox related diseases and conditions comprising administering an effective amount of compounds disclosed herein to a subject in need thereof. In certain embodiments, the Nox related disease or condition is cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the cyclopropanation with ethylene carbonate or ethylene sulfate of a compound of formula (II): wherein G is —CN or —COOR in which R is a C1-C4 straight or branched alkyl X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, R1O— and R1S— wherein R1 is C1-C4 straight or branched alkyl chain.

Abstract: Sulfated oligohydroxycarboxylic acid esters have the general formula (I): wherein at least one of the radicals A is —SO3B. Cosmetic and pharmaceutical agents contain said esters. These esters are effective as anionic surfactants.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to methods and compounds for treating proliferative disorders, viral infections, or both. In some embodiments, the invention provides an anticancer or antiviral compound including a substituted nitro phenoxy phenyl, a sulfonylurea, and an alkyl group. In some embodiments, the invention provides a method of treating a proliferative disorder or a viral infection including administering an anticancer or antiviral compound that binds to a thromboxane receptor, has preferential binding for either TPalpha (TP?) or TPbeta (TP?) receptor subtype.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising cysteamine or a derivative thereof for use in treating infections caused by yeasts or moulds.

Abstract: The invention features a series of heterocyclic derivatives that inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) induced necroptosis. The heterocyclic compounds of the invention are described by Formulas (I) and (Ia)-(Ie) and are shown to inhibit TNF-? induced necroptosis in FADD-deficient variant of human Jurkat T cells. The invention further features pharmaceutical compositions featuring the compounds of the invention. The compounds and compositions of the invention may also be used to treat disorders where necroptosis is likely to play a substantial role.

Abstract: Inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatases are disclosed. The inhibitors include hydroxyindole carboxylic acids having a linker and an amine scaffold that are potent inhibitors of Src homology 2-domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2.

Abstract: Indolinone derivative compounds that act as EWS-FLI1 transcription factor inhibitors are provided. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions of the indolinone derivatives, methods of synthesizing the same, methods of treating using same, and assays for identifying the inhibitors of EWS-FLI1 oncoprotein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel benzoyl derivatives of 3-aminocarbazole, to a pharmaceutical composition containing them, to a method for preparing them and to the use of such compounds for the production of a drug that is useful in the treatment or prevention of disturbances associated with the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), for instance inflammatory processes, pain, fever, tumours, Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention is related to an improved and efficient process for preparation of (3R,4R)-(1-benzyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)-methylamine which comprises: (a) N-acylation of 3-Amino-4-methyl pyridine; (b) Quarternization of 3-Acetylamino-4-methyl pyridine using benzyl halide; (c) Partial reduction of quarternized 3-Acetylamino-4-methyl pyridine by Sodium borohydride in Methanol or water; (d) Hydrolysis of partially reduced product to 1-Benzyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-one in presence of acid; (e) Reductive amination of 1-Benzyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-one using Methanolic methylamine in presence of Titanium(IV) isopropoxide in Methanol; (f) Resolution of 1-Benzyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)-methylamine using Ditoluoyl (L) tartaric acid to get (3R,4R)-(1-benzyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)-methylamine. The invention is also related to novel intermediates: wherein R, R? and X are as described in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention pertains generally to the field of therapeutic compounds. More specifically the present invention pertains to certain fluoro-perhexiline compounds of the following formula (also referred to herein as FPER compounds) that are useful, for example, in the treatment of disorders (e.g., diseases) including, for example, those which are known to be treated with, or known to be treatable with, perhexiline, including, for example, disorders that are ameliorated by the inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT); cardiovascular disorders such as: angina pectoris; heart failure (HF); ischaemic heart disease (IHD); cardiomyopathy; cardiac dysrhythmia; stenosis of a heart valve; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM); coronary heart disease; and other disorders, for example, diabetes and cancer. The present invention also pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and the use of such compounds and compositions, for example, in therapy.

Abstract: There are provided compounds of formula I, wherein R1A to R1E, R2 to R4, R5a, L and X1 to X3 have meanings given in the description, which compounds have antiinflammatory activity (e.g. through inhibition of one or more of members of: the family of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase enzymes; Syk kinase; and members of the Src family of tyrosine kinases) and have use in therapy, including in pharmaceutical combinations, especially in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory diseases of the lung, eye and intestines.

Abstract: Methods and intermediates for synthesizing triethylenetetramine and salts thereof, as well as novel triethylenetetramine salts and their crystal structure, and triethylenetetramine salts of high purity.

Abstract: Backfunctionalized imidazolinium salts and methods of synthesizing the same and NHC carbene-metal complexes therefrom. For backfunctionalized imidazolinium salts of the formula: Wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of an ester group, an amide group, and an aromatic group; R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an ester group, an amide group, and an aromatic group; R3 and R4 are each an aliphatic group; and X is an anion; the method comprises cyclization of a halogenated acrylate with Hünig's base in a solvent.

Abstract: An N-oxide of 3-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-1-{6-[4-(4-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl)-phenylamino]-pyrimidin-4-yl}-1-methyl-urea, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, compositions including the compound and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and methods of preparing the compound and the compositions (such as, for example, by oxidizing 3-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-1-{6-[4-(4-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl)-phenylamino]-pyrimidin-4-yl}-1-methyl-urea with an oxidizing agent) are described. Further described herein are methods of using the compound and compositions of the present technology, alone and in combination with other suitable agents, to treat various diseases, including but not limited to, those that can be prevented, inhibited or ameliorated by inhibition of kinase activity selected from FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 or FGFR4.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for increasing metabolism and/or energy expenditure in a subject, e.g., to treat or prevent obesity and/or a related condition and/or to reduce adiposity, the method comprising increasing the level and/or activity of Hypoxia Induced Factor 1? (HIF-1?) in a cell, tissue or organ of the subject, thereby increasing metabolism in the subject. The present invention also provides a method for increasing metabolism in a subject, the method comprising administering an iron chelating agent to the subject, thereby increasing metabolism in the subject.

Abstract: Provided herein are improved, commercially viable and industrially advantageous processes for the preparation of Linezolid, in high yield and purity, using novel intermediates. In one aspect, provided herein are efficient, industrially advantageous and environmentally friendly processes for the preparation of linezolid, in high yield and with high purity, using novel intermediates. The processes disclosed herein avoid the tedious and cumbersome procedures of the prior processes, thereby resolving the problems associated with the processes described in the prior art, which is more convenient to operate at lab scale and in commercial scale operations.

Abstract: Provided are a novel compound having skin-whitening, anti-oxidizing and PPAR activities and a medical use thereof, and the compound has skin-whitening activities for the suppression of tyrosinase, and accordingly, is useful for use in skin-whitening pharmaceutical composition or cosmetic products; has anti-oxidant activities, and accordingly, is useful for the prevention and treatment of skin-aging; and has PPAR activities, and in particular, PPAR? and PPAR? activities, and accordingly, is useful for use in pharmaceutical compositions or health foods which are effective for the prevention and treatment of obesity, metabolic disease, or cardiovascular disease.