Abstract: A non-pressurized container that contains one or more of: a foamable composition of minoxidil, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a dihydrotestosterone blocker in a formulation with a precise density and viscosity to yield a foam with a temperature sensitivity and shear strength designed for inverted application and immediate targeted release at body temperature under a minimal hand applied pressure to the scalp.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions containing one or more calcium sequestration agents and methods for topical application of such compositions to the skin to treat skin pigmentation disorders, such as melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, pigmentation changes due to skin aging, or any other skin conditions related with normal such as skin of color or abnormal pigmentation such as hypo- or hyper-pigmentation in humans.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the cosmetic use, as an antidandruff agent, of catalytic oxidation compounds chosen from porphyrins, or of a cosmetic composition comprising the same.

Abstract: A botanical antioxidant composition includes a botanical antioxidant extract blend including a first antioxidant botanical extract including at least one hydroxycinnamic acid, and at least one additional antioxidant botanical extracts including at least one antioxidant selected from the group consisting of vitamins, stilbenoids, curcumininoids, tannins, flavones, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, anthocyanidins, anthocyanins, isoflavones, flavanonols, proanthocyanidins, dihydroxybenzoic acids, and pyridine alkaloids.

Abstract: In accordance with this invention, there is provided an oral care composition comprising a multimodal blend of copolymers of maleic acid or maleic anhydride and an alkyl vinyl ether and a non-cationic antibacterial agent. The compositions feature improved retention of the antibacterial agent on teeth.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed that afford drug delivery from two-part polymer compositions that rapidly form covalent linkages when mixed together. Such compositions are particularly well suited for use in a variety of tissue related applications when rapid adhesion to the tissue and gel formation is desired along with drug delivery. For example, the compositions are useful as tissue sealants, in promoting hemostasis, in effecting tissue adhesion, in providing tissue augmentation, and in the prevention of surgical adhesions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel palatable pharmaceutical composition in the form of aqueous solution of atomoxetine. The oral aqueous solution of this invention will significantly reduce the potently bitter taste of atomoxetine, and further avoid swallow issue for young and elderly patients.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of antimicrobial agents. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of aerosolized fluoroquinolones formulated with divalent or trivalent cations and having improved pulmonary availability for the treatment and management of bacterial infections of the lung and upper respiratory tract.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical preparation for tumor chemotherapy and a method for producing the same, the pharmaceutical preparation for tumor chemotherapy comprises cell vesicles derived from apoptotic tumor cells and chemotherapeutic drugs as active ingredients wrapped within the cell vesicles. The chemotherapeutic drugs contained within the pharmaceutical preparation are chemotherapeutic drugs containing active ingredients for the treatment of the tumors from which the cell vesicles are provided. The present invention also provides a method for producing the pharmaceutical preparation for tumor chemotherapy. The technical solutions provided by the present invention can selectively release the chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumor sites and maintain lasting medicinal effect, increasing their killing effects against tumor cells and reducing the toxic side-effect of the chemotherapeutic drugs to normal cells.

Abstract: An oligomer-contained nanoparticle complex is provided. The oligomer-contained nanoparticle complex of the invention comprises (a) a nanoparticle, (b) a polymer with high molecule weigh, (c) a target molecule, (d) an oligomer, wherein the oligomer is crosslinked with the polymer by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds or electron bonds, and e) a space for active substances, wherein the space for active substances is encapsulated by the nanoparticle. The oligomer-contained nanoparticle complex of the invention has the high stability and fast drug release rate, and would not be largely accumulated in normal tissues. The invention also provides a method for preparing the oligomer-contained nanoparticle complex and the method for releasing drug.

Abstract: The present invention provides liposome targeting compounds for targeting cells expressing sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec). The liposome compounds typically comprise a binding moiety that is a glycan ligand of the Siglec on the target cell. The liposome compounds also incorporate or encapsulate a biological agent (e.g., an antigen or a therapeutic agent) that can be delivered to the target cell to modulate or kill the target cell. The invention also provides methods of using the liposome targeting compounds for targeted delivery of antigen and for modulating immune cells or immune responses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to asymmetric liposomes for high encapsulation efficiency of nucleic acids and hydrophilic anionic compounds, and to a method for preparing same, and specifically, to asymmetric liposomes consisting of a cationic lipid having a small head group as an internal lipid and a neutral or PEGylated lipid having a big head group as an external lipid, wherein nucleic acids and/or anionic compounds are encapsulated in the internal lipid. According to the present invention, asymmetric liposomes, in which nucleic acids and hydrophilic anionic compounds are encapsulated with high efficiency, may be prepared, and thus the same may be used for various purposes, such as gene therapy, and the delivery of hydrophilic anionic drugs which are difficult to prepare as prodrugs, and drug delivery, imaging, etc. can be carried out by encapsulating a fluorescent contrast agent in the liposome.

Abstract: Provided are a double-stranded oligo RNA structure and a method of preparing the same, and more specifically, a double-stranded oligo RNA structure in which a polymer compound is covalently bound to a double-stranded oligo RNA in order to improve stability in vivo and a cell delivery efficiency of the double-stranded oligo RNA, and a method of preparing the same. The double-stranded oligo RNA structure having the optimized structure according to the present invention may not inhibit functions of the double-stranded oligo RNA, but effectively improve stability and cell membrane permeability of the double-stranded oligo RNA, such that the double-stranded oligo RNA may be delivered into the cell even at a low concentration dosage thereof to be significantly used as a tool for treatment of cancer, infectious diseases, and the like, as well as a new delivery system of the double-stranded oligo RNA.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medicament characterized in that it comprises at least one solid biocompatible support, preferably in powder form, on which at least one active substance, preferably selected among biological materials and/or biological molecules, is adsorbed or on which it is to be adsorbed, preferably without requiring a coupling agent. Said solid biocompatible support is capable of purifying the active substance. The invention relates to also relates to a method for preparing a medicament of the aforementioned type, this method essentially consisting of placing at least one solid biocompatible support, preferably in powder form, in contact with at least one active substance, preferably selected among biological materials and/or biological molecules, in such a manner that the active substance is reversibly adsorbed and without denaturing on the support.

Abstract: A body compatible and resorbable prosthesis has a tubular body incorporating denatured gelatin sponge material, either as a unitary gelatin sponge or as fragmented or powdered sponge material dispersed throughout a structurally self supporting medium. One version of the prosthesis uses the fragmented or powdered form of the gelatin sponge and is substantially homogeneous. An alternative prosthesis employs an inner tubular layer of gelatin film. The gelatin film layer is surrounded by an outer tubular layer, formed either of the gelatin sponge or the fragmented medium incorporating the gelatin sponge dispersion.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical formulations. More particularly it is directed to freeze-dried formulations of Fibroblast Growth Factor 18 (FGF-18) compound and to methods of producing such formulations. The freeze-dried formulations according to the invention are stable upon storage for an appropriate period of time. They can be used, after reconstitution, for the treatment of cartilage disorders such as osteoarthritis or cartilage injury.

Abstract: Compositions comprising crystalline apixaban particles having a D90 equal to or less than 89 ?m, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, are substantially bioequivalent and can be used to for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of thromboembolic disorders.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a multilayer tablet showing suppressed layer separation and a production method thereof are provided. A concave portion having a depth of not less than 0.1 mm Ka is formed on at least one surface Sa of the both front and back surfaces (Sa, Sb) of a multilayer tablet. Particularly, a multilayer structure obtained by, in tableting, forming a convex portion for forming the concave portion on at least the upper punch, and preliminarily compressing all layers in the multilayer tablet with the upper punch to form a concave portion having the same shape with a depth of not less than 0.1 mm on the upper surface of all layers, wherein the powder materials of the next layer are protruding into the concave portion, is a preferable embodiment.

Abstract: Described herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising fumarate esters, methods for making the same, and methods for treating subjects in need thereof. In particular, oral pharmaceutical compositions comprising controlled release fumarate esters are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bone substitute comprising a core based on hydroxyapatite (HA), obtained from at least one porous wood, or based on collagen fibers and hydroxyapatite, and a shell, based on hydroxyapatite (HA) or silicon carbide (SiC), obtained from at least one wood having a lower porosity than the at least one wood of the core. The porous wood has a total porosity of between 60% and 95%, preferably between 65% and 85%, and it is selected from amongst the choices of rattan, pine, abachi and balsa wood. The wood of the shell has a porosity of between 20% and 60%, preferably between 30% and 50%. The bone substitute is utilized for the substitution and regeneration of bone, preferably for bones subjected to mechanical loads, such as long bones of the leg and arm, preferably the tibia, metatarsus, femur, humerus or radius.

Abstract: Biocompatible intraocular implants, such as microparticles, include a prostamide component and a biodegradable polymer that is effective in facilitating release of the prostamide component into an eye for an extended period of time. The prostamide component may be associated with a biodegradable polymer matrix, such as a matrix of a two biodegradable polymers. Or, the prostamide component may be encapsulated by the polymeric component. The present implants include oil-in-oil emulsified implants or microparticles. Methods of producing the present implants are also described. The implants may be placed in an eye to treat or reduce a at least one symptom of an ocular condition, such as glaucoma.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of handling a hydrophobic agent, which method comprises (a) combining in an aqueous solution (i) a hydrophobic agent and (ii) an isolated peptide that is a structural analog of a transmembrane domain of an integral membrane protein, wherein one terminus of the peptide has one or more negatively charged residues, and (b) allowing the peptide to self-assemble into nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles comprise the hydrophobic agent.

Abstract: A composition containing a macrophage inhibitor may be administered in an effective amount to prevent, inhibit or reduce restenosis, thrombus or aneurysm formation in implanted polymeric vascular grafts. The composition may be administered prior to vascular graft implantation, at the same time as vascular graft implantation, following vascular graft implantation, or any combination thereof. Exemplary macrophage inhibitors include bisphosphonates, anti-folate drugs and antibodies, preferably in a controlled release or liposomal formulation.

Abstract: The invention is intended to provide an adhesive patch which contains a drug except bisoprolol and which effectively inhibits the occurrence of oozing out or sticking out of the adhesive layer components from the exposed area of the adhesive layer of the adhesive patch during storage as well as the occurrence of oozing out of the drug from the adhesive layer thereby preventing the reduction in drug content. The support, the release liner and the adhesive layer constituting the adhesive patch each are formed to have a rectangular planar shape and the entire adhesive patch are formed to have a rectangular planar shape, and a protrudent part is formed on the support-side surface of the adhesive patch at a corner thereof. In addition, the adhesive patch may be formed to have a middle part and a peripheral part, and the protrudent part may be formed at a corner of the rectangular middle part.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing the systemic delivery of growth-arresting lipid-derived bioactive drugs or gene therapy agents to an animal or human in need of such agents utilizing nanoscale assembly systems, such as liposomes, resorbable and non-aggregating nanoparticle dispersions, metal or semiconductor nanoparticles, or polymeric materials such as dendrimers or hydrogels, each of which exhibit improved lipid solubility, cell permeability, an increased circulation half life and pharmacokinetic profile with improved tumor or vascular targeting.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain embodiments is an oral dosage form comprising: a therapeutically effective amount of an opioid analgesic; an opioid antagonist; and an irritant in an effective amount to impart an irritating sensation to an abuser upon administration of the dosage form after tampering.

Abstract: Methods and combination pharmaceuticals for treating bronchospastic medical conditions by utilizing the electrophysiology of proteinacious channels in lipid membranes of mammalian cells. The combination pharmaceuticals include at least one ?-adrenergic receptor agonist, and at least one composition adapted to effect the electrophysiology of Kv7 potassium channels of a lipid membrane of an airway smooth muscle cell. The pharmaceutical may be administered to a living body in a therapeutic amount sufficient to activate the Kv7 potassium channels of an airway smooth muscle cell.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for enhancing neural function in an individual, such as an older adult. The methods include administering nutritional compositions comprising HMB to the individual. The nutritional compositions provide benefits for individuals that have or may be at risk of having cognitive decline, cognitive impairment, and neural dysfunction, typically resulting from cognitive diseases associated with neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for treatment and prevention of a metabolic imbalance, including diabetes mellitus and other related diseases or disorders, using an extract from a fruit of genus Elaeis.

Abstract: The present specification discloses pharmaceutical compositions, methods of preparing such pharmaceutical compositions, and methods and uses of treating a chronic inflammation and/or an inflammatory disease in an individual using such pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to, among other things, a kit comprising a plurality of dosage forms comprising a first dosage form and second dosage form each comprising a therapeutic agent, such as an opioid; wherein the dosage strength of the second dosage form is greater than that of the first dosage form; and wherein the steady state Cave and the steady state AUC of the first and second dosage forms are dose proportional and the single dose Cmax of the second dosage form is less than the minimum level for dose proportionality with respect to the first dosage form. The present invention also relates to methods of administering such plurality of dosage forms to a patient, comprising administering the first dosage form and thereafter administering the second dosage form.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for preventing or treating eye diseases. The composition for preventing or treating eye diseases contains S-allyl-L-cysteine, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate or a hydrate thereof as an active ingredient, and may inhibit photo-oxidation. The composition for preventing or treating eye diseases inhibits the accumulation of A2E in retinal pigment epithelial cells and the oxidation of A2E, thereby remarkably preventing or treating eye diseases including age-related macular degeneration or degenerative retinal disorder.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of improving mood and learning capacity in a mammal by giving the mammal a meal of low protein food, followed by a second meal of high glycemic index carbohydrate. A composition to be given to a mammal to improve mood and learning capacity and to reduce aggressive behavior contains at least one tyrosine uptake competitive amino acid in a ratio of 0.5% to 2% to protein. The tyrosine competitive amino acid preferred is leucine, isoleucine or valine.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, compositions, and kits for treating intestinal hyperpermeability in a subject in need thereof, including conditions such as hyperglycemia and underlying diseases such as diabetes, autism, fibromyalgia, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), graft versus host disease (GVHD), HIV/AIDS, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, eczema, psoriasis, acute pancreatitis, Parkinson's disease, depression, chronic fatigue syndrome, asthma, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic cirrhosis, environmental enteropathy, or kwashiorkor.

Abstract: The invention provides intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) solutions with low carbohydrate for the treatment of malnutrition in dialysis patients. The IDPN solutions of the invention are particularly advantageous for the treatment of malnutrition in patients who are diabetic or suffer from other glucose management related pathologies or patients who require strict fluid management.

Abstract: This invention relates to semi-solid compositions and semi-solid pharmaceutical products for use in the photodynamic treatment (PDT) of cancer, pre-cancerous conditions and non-cancerous conditions in the female reproductive system, the anus and the penis, preferably for use in PDT of endometrial, cervical, vulvar, vaginal, anal and penile dysplasia and HPV infections of the uterus, cervix, the vulva, the vagina, the anus and the penis. The semi-solid compositions and pharmaceutical products comprise an active ingredient which is 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) or a precursor or derivative of 5-ALA or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The invention relates further to methods of PDT of cancer, pre-cancerous conditions and non-cancerous conditions in the female reproductive system, the anus and the penis, wherein said semi-solid compositions and pharmaceutical products are used.

Abstract: Described herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising fumarate esters, methods for making the same, and methods for treating subjects in need thereof. In particular, oral pharmaceutical compositions comprising controlled release fumarate esters are described.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for evaluating daily ammonia exposure based on a single fasting ammonia blood level measurement, as well as methods that utilize this technique to adjust the dosage of a nitrogen scavenging drug, determine whether to administer a nitrogen scavenging drug, and treat nitrogen retention disorders.

Abstract: A composition is provided that includes a cannabinoid capable of inducing a pharmacological effect, an ester, a condensation aerosol, and a carrier liquid solution of food grade materials. The cannabinoid may include a bio-active ingredient receivable by a cannabinoid receptor and/or an acetylcholine receptor. The pharmacological effect may be produced by reception of tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, or mixtures thereof. The composition may also include ethanol, flavoring agents, and aromatherapy agents. The composition is deliverable to a user via vaporization. A method is provided for creating a pharmacological effect using the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for enhancing immunity through inducing the expression of interferon-? comprising a compound represented by Formulas 1 to 8, or Sophora flavescens extract comprising the same and fractions thereof as an active ingredient, a feed additive, feed composition, pharmaceutical composition, food composition, and over-the-counter (OTC) drug composition comprising the composition, and a method for enhancing immunity through administrating the composition. A composition for inducing the expression of interferon-?, comprising a compound represented by Formulas 1 to 8 of the present invention, Sophora flavescens extract comprising the same, or fractions thereof as active ingredient can prevent, alleviate, or treat the diseases that can be prevented or treated by increasing the expression of interferon.

Abstract: The invention provides a colon cleansing solution comprising: a) 300 to 800 mmol per litre ascorbate anion provided by a mixture of: (i) ascorbic acid and (ii) one or more salts of ascorbic acid the components (i) and (ii) being present in a molar ratio of from 1:4.5 to 1:7.0; and b) 10 to 200 g per litre polyethylene glycol. The invention also provides methods and kits associated with, or making use of the solutions, and compositions for the preparation of the solutions.

Abstract: Compounds, formulations, and methods are provided containing the choline ester of a reducing agent, especially lipoic acid or derivatives thereof. The compounds may be administered via a topical ocular route to treat or prevent oxidative damage.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods, compositions and formulations to prevent or ameliorate ethanol intolerance, reduce or ameliorate symptoms associated with acetaldehyde accumulation accompanying ethanol consumption, or reduce the risk of diseases or disorders caused by acetaldehyde accumulation, comprising administering 4-MP, or physiologically acceptable salts thereof, to subjects with reduced or absent aldehyde dehydrogenase subtype 2 (ALDH2) activity.

Abstract: Treatment of autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases associated with overexpression of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and/or TLR3/TLR4 signaling in nonimmune cells, monocytes, macrophages, and/or dendritic cells in association with related pathologies. The use of phenylmethimazoles, methimazole derivatives, and tautomeric cyclic thiones for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases associated with TLR3 as well as TLR4 and/or TLR3/TLR4 cellular signaling in association with related pathologies is disclosed. Methods of treating a subject having a disease or condition associated with abnormal TLR-3 as well as TLR-4 and/or TLR3/TLR4 cellular signaling in association with related pathologies are also disclosed. The present disclosure also relates to the treatment of autoimmune-inflammatory pathologies and chemokine and cytokine-mediated diseases associated with TLR overexpression and signaling.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally directed to antiviral compounds, and more specifically directed to combinations of compounds which can inhibit the function of the NS5A protein encoded by Hepatitis C virus (HCV), compositions comprising such combinations, and methods for inhibiting the function of the NS5A protein.

Abstract: A method of treatment and/or prevention of cancer comprises administering agents which cause increased intracellular granularity in cancer cells, at least in an amount sufficient to inhibit proliferation of such cells and preferably in an amount sufficient to lead to cancer cell death. The method is particularly directed to refractory cancer, particularly hormone refractory prostate cancer. The agents identified cause increased intracellular granularity in the cancer cells, and also convert adherent cancer cells to non-adherent cancer cells, leading to cancer cell death. Using the present invention, cancer cells undergo increased intracellular granularity at relatively low agent concentrations, while also inhibiting cell proliferation. Increased concentrations lead to conversion of adherent cancer cells to non-adherent cancer cells, then to cell death.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel substituted pyrazolone compounds, pharmaceutical acceptable salts and formulations thereof useful in modulating the protein tyrosine kinase activity, and in modulating cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising such compounds and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of hyperproliferative disorders in mammals, especially humans.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) defined herein are both phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) enzyme inhibitors and muscarinic M3 receptor antagonists and are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases of the respiratory tract.

Abstract: Compositions comprising isolated ido-BR1 are described for use in therapy or prophylaxis, including the treatment of inflammatory diseases (for example as anti-inflammatory drugs) and to reduce inflammation. Also described are methods for monitoring the quality of a Cucurbitaceae extract, to processes for producing a Cucurbitaceae extract as well as to Cucurbitaceae extracts obtainable by such processes.

Abstract: The claimed subject matter relates to allosteric modulation of A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) and provides for the use of an A3 adenosine receptor modulator (A3RM), for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for modulating the A3AR in a subject, as well as pharmaceutical compositions including the same and therapeutic methods including administering to a subject an amount of an A3RM, the amount being effective to modulate A3AR activity. The A3RM according to claimed subject matter are 1H-Imidazo-[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine derivatives. Also provided are 1H-Imidazo-[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine derivatives.