Abstract: A system, device, and methods of automated driving are disclosed. One example method includes determining one or more potential vehicle paths based on information specific to the environment surrounding a vehicle and receiving an indication classifying one or more objects proximate to the one or more potential vehicle paths as an object of interest based on input received from one or more sensors disposed on the vehicle. The method further includes selecting a preferred vehicle path from the one or more potential vehicle paths based on properties of the one or more objects of interest and sending a command, to one or more vehicle systems, to control the vehicle to follow the preferred vehicle path.

Abstract: A method for controlling acceleration of a work vehicle may generally include determining a vehicle speed error based on a desired speed and an actual speed of the work vehicle, calculating an initial acceleration command based on the vehicle speed error, monitoring a current engine load on the vehicle engine, determining an engine load error for the engine based on the current engine load and calculating an acceleration limit for the work vehicle based on the engine load error, wherein the acceleration limit is calculated via a PID control algorithm implemented by a computing device of the vehicle. The method may also include controlling the operation of the engine and/or the transmission of the work vehicle based on a final acceleration command to adjust the actual speed of the work vehicle, wherein the final acceleration command corresponds to the lesser of the initial acceleration command and the acceleration limit.

Abstract: A high-voltage system control device is used for a vehicle provided with a high-voltage system including a motor as a power source and a battery to supply electric power to the motor. The device includes: an inter-vehicle distance detection unit to detect an inter-vehicle distance between the vehicle and an target such as a preceding vehicle; an automatic brake to automatically brake the vehicle according to the inter-vehicle distance; and a cut-off control unit to cut off the high-voltage system when the automatic brake is activated. When the vehicle is traveling at a high vehicle speed and the automatic brake is activated, the high-voltage system is cut off with a main relay.

Abstract: A sticking condition of a lock-up clutch is judged by an oil temperature of hydraulic oil and a slip ratio of the LC. An intake air amount of an engine is increased while the LC is judged to be in a sticking condition, and the increase of the intake air amount of the engine is terminated when the judgment to be in the sticking condition is canceled. This enables to effectively prevent a rotation speed of the engine from decelerating in a range (timing) where a sticking of the LC occurs, and further prevent the rotation speed of the engine from rapidly accelerating in a range where a sticking of the LC does not occur. Therefore, decelerations of engine rotation speed due to a sticking of the lock-up clutch and rapid accelerations of engine rotation speed after the sticking has been eliminated can both be prevented.

Abstract: A road friction estimation system and method includes tire-affixed sensors and on-board vehicle sensors, a model-based tire force estimator operable generating from sensor-input a model-derived tire force estimation, a vehicle observer generating an observer-derived tire force estimation and a friction estimator generating a road friction estimation from a comparison of the model-derived tire force estimation and the observer-derived tire force estimation.

Abstract: A system according to the principles of the present disclosure includes a longitudinal acceleration estimation module, a vehicle longitudinal acceleration sensor, a road grade estimation module, and an actuator control module. The longitudinal acceleration estimation module estimates a longitudinal acceleration of a vehicle based on at least one of a transmission output speed and a wheel speed. The vehicle longitudinal acceleration sensor measures the longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle. The road grade estimation module estimates a grade of a road on which the vehicle is traveling based on the estimated longitudinal acceleration and the measured longitudinal acceleration. The actuator control module controls an actuator of the vehicle based on the estimated road grade.

Abstract: A vehicle (2) has a tachograph (4) which generates a tachograph signal (6) containing information about current clock time and the times of the vehicle's movements, a driver's report input unit (8) generates a signal (10) containing information about driving and rest times for the driver, including monitoring (12) of driver activity which generates an alertness signal (14) containing information about the driver's activity in the vehicle. A safety system (18) has a control unit (20) and an alertness modelling unit (22) which calculates a current and a predicted tiredness values (KSS) for the driver based on the tachograph signal (6) and/or the driver's report signal (10). The tiredness values are conveyed to a control unit which determines control signals (24) for the vehicle's driver support systems.

Abstract: A system for remotely controlling a machine includes a remote input device, a transmitter remote from the machine, and a receiver at the machine. A controller is configured to store a desired communications threshold, receive input commands from the remote input device, generate a plurality of remote control input signals based upon the input commands, and transmit the plurality of remote control input signals at a location remote from the machine. The controller is further configured to receive at least some of the plurality of remote control input signals at the machine, determine a communications parameter based upon at least one of the plurality of remote control input signals, compare the communications parameter to the desired communications threshold, and generate a command to stop the machine if the communications parameter is outside the desired communications threshold.

Abstract: A door opening and closing apparatus including a lock mechanism that is configured to hold the door in a fully closed state, and that has an engaging member which engages with a lock member provided in the door when in the fully closed state. A link mechanism having a plurality of link members is configured to be able to undergo deformation into a linear state and a bent state, and restricts rotation of the engaging member by being brought into the linear state. In the link mechanism, a first face is pressed by a projecting shaft moved by the actuator in order that the link mechanism changes from the linear state to the bent state, and a second face is pressed by the projecting shaft in order that the link mechanism changes from the bent state to the linear state.

Abstract: A door leaf for a vehicle, in particular for a rail vehicle. The door leaf includes a door leaf frame for supporting a first shell, which is or can be arranged on a first main surface of the door leaf frame, and a second shell, which is or can be arranged on a second main surface of the door leaf frame opposite the first main surface. The door leaf has at least one connecting piece for thermally decoupling the first shell from the second shell, the connecting piece is or can be arranged or arrangeable on the door leaf frame. The at least one connecting piece is or can be arranged on the door leaf frame so the first shell and the second shell are movable relative to each other in at least one section of movement as a result of temperature variations.

Abstract: A railcar bogie includes: a bolster located under a carbody of a railcar; an air spring including an air spring main body in which air is stored, the air spring being arranged between the carbody and the bolster; a coil spring arranged between the air spring and the bolster and configured to separate the air spring from the bolster by restoring force thereof in a state where a height of the carbody is maintained at a certain height regardless of the air spring; and a limiting member configured to limit the amount of displacement of the coil spring to limit the amount of separation between the air spring and the bolster.

Abstract: A railway vehicle damping device comprises at least two front side actuators interposed between a front bogie and a vehicle body of a railway vehicle, and at least two rear side actuators interposed between a rear bogie and the vehicle body of the railway vehicle, and suppresses vibration in a yaw direction of the vehicle body using a yaw suppression force generated by the actuators. After determining that the railway vehicle is traveling in a curve section, a control device causes at least one of the front side actuators and at least one of the rear side actuators to generate a yaw suppression force, and causes all of the remaining actuators to function as passive dampers. As a result, passenger comfort in the railway vehicle during travel in the curve section is improved.

Abstract: Considerable damage to rails, wheels, and trucks can result from geometric anomalies in the wheelsets, rails, and truck hardware. A solution for identifying and quantifying geometric anomalies known to influence the service life of the rolling stock or the ride comfort for the case of passenger service is described. The solution comprises an optical system, which can be configured to accurately perform measurements at mainline speeds (e.g., greater than 100 mph). The optical system includes laser line projectors and imaging cameras and can utilize structured light triangulation.

Abstract: A system includes a determination module and a communication module. The determination module is configured to be located onboard a first vehicle that travels along a first route including a crossing corresponding to an intersection of the first route with a second route. The determination module is configured to be communicatively coupled with a remote crossing module that is configured to impede travel of a second vehicle through the crossing, and to identify an upcoming stop at a station within a range of a track detection system associated with the remote crossing module. The communication module is configured to communicatively couple the determination module to the remote crossing module, and to transmit an inhibit request message to the remote crossing module. The inhibit request message is configured to prevent the remote crossing module from activating a warning when the first vehicle is stopped at the station.

Abstract: A hand truck includes a support base, a plurality of wheels connected rotatably to the support base, a handle unit connected to the support base, and a fork unit. The support base has a pair of holding portions and a recess portion disposed between the holding portions. The fork unit has a pivoting portion connected pivotally to the support base, an inserting portion opposite to the pivoting portion, and a connecting portion interconnecting the pivoting portion and the inserting portion. The fork unit is pivotable between a retracted position, where the inserting portion and the connecting portion are adjacent to the support base, and a projected position, where the inserting portion and the connecting portion are away from the support base.

Abstract: A castor assembly structured for use in combination with or independently of a dolly assembly or other support platform, which may include substantially equivalently structured struts, wherein the castor assembly includes a one piece base comprising a housing and a head integrally connected to the housing and extending radially outward from one end thereof. The housing includes an open interior and a open end structured to movably retain a surface engaging roller ball therein. A retaining portion may be formed on said base in cooperative relation with said head so as to secure a support platform to the base when in a first operative position. A second operative position comprises said head disposed in engagable and at least partially supporting relation to an object while the base is not secured to or used in combination with a dolly or other support platform.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to a cinch for securing a train of nested shopping carts, the cinch having a non-abrasive cart-handle coupler for securely attaching the cinch to a shopping-cart handle of a front and/or rear cart of the train. In an illustrative example, the non-abrasive cart-handle coupler may include a soft loop of braid configured to latchedly circumscribe the shopping-cart handle. In an exemplary embodiment, the non-abrasive cart-handle coupler may include a latching hook having a non-abrasive handle-engagement surface. In some embodiments, the cinch may secure both a front and a rear cart of the train of nested shopping carts. In some embodiments, a ratcheting member may be used to tighten the cinch that secures the train of nested carts. When tightened, the train of carts may bow upwardly, elevating wheels attached to carts at both the front and rear ends of the train.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cooler that is adapted for use on various terrain. The cooler includes an insulated body having an inner compartment defined by a bottom wall having side walls extending upwardly therefrom, and a lid hingedly attached at the open upper portion of the body. The body further includes a bottom portion having a pair of rear wheels. In one embodiment, the device includes a sled arrangement. In another embodiment, the device includes a ski arrangement. The ski arrangement includes a pair of skis that may be removably attached to the bottom of the cooler. The sled or ski arrangement of the present invention are preferably attached to the bottom portion of the body, and in front of the rear wheels. In this way, the present invention provides a convenient way to transport a cooler to different locations by preventing the rear wheels from getting stuck on various terrain.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling sound volume for a vehicle includes a steering wheel remote controller and a head unit. The steering wheel remote controller includes a scroll-type button disposed at a portion of a steering wheel and configured to increase or decrease the sound volume depending on a rotational direction of the button. A counter is configured to count the number of volume variation steps due to rotation of the scroll-type button for a predetermined time and generate a volume signal. A communicator is configured to transmit the volume signal to the head unit.

Abstract: A steering wheel is coupled to a steering gear via a steering shaft, an intermediate shaft, a clutch input shaft and a clutch output shaft. When viewed in a vehicle transverse direction, a tilt angle ? of the clutch input shaft relative to the horizontal plane is set to be smaller than a tilt angle ? of the intermediate shaft relative to the horizontal plane. A steering column is supported by a vehicle body via a tilt pivot for adjusting a tilt position. Even when the steering column is located at any tilt position, the relationship of ?<? is set to be maintained when viewed in the vehicle transverse direction. The center position of a universal joint between the steering shaft and the intermediate shaft is misaligned with the center position of the tilt pivot when viewed in the vehicle transverse direction.

Abstract: A lane keep assist system for a vehicle includes a forward facing camera and an image processor. The forward facing camera is disposed at a vehicle and has a forward field of view exterior of the vehicle. The image processor is operable to process image data captured by the forward facing camera. The lane keep assist system is operable to process image data to determine lane markers in the field of view and to determine a time to lane crossing value. The lane keep assist system determines a first time to lane crossing value via a first algorithm and a second time to lane crossing value via a second algorithm. The lane keep assist system is operable to apply a steering signal to adjust the steering of the vehicle at least in part responsive to the determined first and second time to lane crossing values.

Abstract: A trailer backup assist system for a vehicle reversing a trailer includes a sensor module adapted to attach to the trailer and generate a trailer yaw rate or a trailer speed. The trailer backup assist system also includes a vehicle sensor system that generates a vehicle yaw rate and a vehicle speed. Further, the trailer backup assist system includes a controller that estimates a hitch angle based on the trailer yaw rate or the trailer speed and the vehicle yaw rate and the vehicle speed in view of a kinematic relationship between the trailer and the vehicle.

Abstract: A sub-frame assembly for attachment to a unibody of a vehicle and for supporting at least one vehicular component is provided. The sub-frame assembly includes a pair of longitudinal members which are spaced from one another in a lateral direction and extend in a longitudinal direction between first and second ends. The longitudinal members at least partially converge towards one another from the first ends to the second ends such that the second ends are closer to one another than the first ends. A cross-member is coupled with and extends laterally between the longitudinal members. Each of the longitudinal members and the cross-member has a single and no more than one body mount for connection with the unibody of the vehicle such that the sub-frame assembly has exactly three body mounts in total.

Abstract: A chassis for a vehicle has a locally narrower portion within which is mounted a wheel, and a rigid member extending from the chassis toward the quiescent position of the wheel and ending at a point which is spaced radially from the outer profile and located axially within the thickness of the wheel. Under an impact, the wheel itself will be crushed against the rigid member, absorbing some of the impact energy. The impact energy can also be transmitted via the rigid member to the remainder of the chassis, providing a load path to major mass concentrations elsewhere in the vehicle and allowing energy to be dissipated by the deformation of other structures elsewhere. This can then limit frontal damage to the vehicle and hence reduce the risk of intrusions into the passenger cell. The rigid member can be a column extending towards the wheel, and can end with a flat plate that is positioned tangentially to a local portion of the outer profile.

Abstract: In one example, an apparatus includes a casing configured to be coupled to a frame of a vehicle at a first end of the casing. The casing comprises friable foam having a first stiffness. The apparatus further includes a void within the casing defined by (i) an inner wall of the casing and (ii) an opening at a second end of the casing. The apparatus further includes an insert positioned within the void, the insert comprising a material having a second stiffness that is different from the first stiffness.

Abstract: A profile piece includes: an extruded piece of a first material having a mouth portion along at least part of its length; and an insert of a second material different than the first material, the insert attached to the extruded piece by the mouth portion, wherein the insert is configured for welding the profile piece to a component of a third material different than the first material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a hot-formed and press-hardened metal component for an automobile having at least two regions of different hardness. A hardenable sheet-metal blank is heated to at least an austenizing temperature and a first region of the sheet-metal blank is intermediately cooled at a cooling speed greater than the lower critical cooling speed of the material of the sheet-metal blank. The sheet-metal blank is then hot-formed and press-hardened in a press-hardening tool by quenching the first region from a bainitic structure transformation stage, thereby adjusting a mixed structure of martensite and bainite in the first region.

Abstract: A side structure of a vehicle body has a side panel provided in a side part of the vehicle body, a door striker which is provided on a vehicle body outer side of the side panel and is engageable with a latch of a sliding door, a sliding door rail which is provided on the vehicle body outer side of the side panel and slidably supports the sliding door, and a joint bracket provided on a vehicle body inner side of the side panel. The joint bracket is connected to the door striker and the sliding door rail.

Abstract: The present application relates to a motor vehicle bonnet (101). The bonnet (101) has an outer surface panel (109) and an inner panel (113). The outer surface panel (109) is joined to the inner panel (113) along an edge of said vehicle bonnet (101). A support panel (111) is provided between the inner panel (109) and the outer surface panel (113). The support panel (111) has a first joining section (123) and inner panel (113) has a second joining section (125). The first and second joining sections (123, 125) have complementary profiles which substantially match the profile of an adjacent section of the outer surface panel (109). The inner panel (113) diverges away from the outer surface panel (109) inset from the second joining section (125). The application also relates to a method of assembling a motor vehicle bonnet (101).

Abstract: A cowl cross member assembly for a vehicle for improving convenience in mounting a steering module and avoiding interference with an audio system in a vehicle, may include a main cowl crossbar disposed at a driver's seat in a width direction of the vehicle, a sub-cowl crossbar disposed at a passenger's seat in the width direction of the vehicle, a connection unit disposed between one end of the main cowl crossbar and one end of the sub-cowl crossbar and connecting the main cowl crossbar with the sub-cowl crossbar, a cowl bracket coupled to the main cowl crossbar at one side and coupled to a vehicle body at another side, a steering bracket coupled to a bottom of the cowl bracket and coupled to the steering module, and a steering mounting unit coupled to the main cowl crossbar at one side and coupled to the steering module at another side.

Abstract: A frame structure of a vehicle of the present invention has: a frame member that structures a frame of a vehicle; and a reinforcing member that is made of a fiber reinforced resin. The frame member is formed in a closed cross-sectional shape by a plurality of wall portions, and the frame member includes opening portions in at least one of the wall portion among the plurality of wall portions. The reinforcing member is disposed along the wall portions that have the opening portions, the reinforcing member includes engaging portions having inserted-through portions that are inserted-through the opening portions and lock portions whose surface area is larger than the opening portions, and the engaging portions are integrally formed by the inserted-through portions and the lock portions.

Abstract: An extrusion is provided that may be used in the construction of a framework assembly and that is lighter, stronger and less expensive than previously available extrusions. In various aspects, the extrusion generally has four sides and is quadrangular in cross-section. A web member may extend the inside of the cross-section of the extrusion between two of the sides. The web member thus may bisect the interior of extrusion forming a first interior cavity and a second interior cavity. The first and second cavities may be equally dimensioned in cross-section. The extrusion may be a metal extrusion formed from aluminum and/or steel.

Abstract: There is disclosed a passenger service vehicle having an upper deck (100) and a lower deck (110), and a passenger staircase (400) extending between the upper deck and the lower deck. The staircase is positioned internal to the vehicle. In some examples, the staircase has at least an upper stair portion and a secondary stair portion, where the upper stair portion is connected to the upper deck and comprises at least one tread, and further connected to the secondary stair portion via an intermediate landing (420, 440), whereby the secondary stair portion extends parallel with respect to the length of the upper deck, and the upper stair portion extends transversely, and in some cases perpendicularly, with respect to the secondary stair portion. In some examples, the staircase comprises a lower stair portion. One embodiment envisages a U-shaped staircase. In some further examples, the staircase is described together with a fuel tank configuration.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a vortex-generating system for a moving object that has a trailing edge. The system includes a first blade coupled to the object and positioned proximate the trailing edge, a second blade coupled to the object, positioned proximate the trailing edge, and spaced apart from the first blade. The first and second blade cooperate to induce an outwardly directed vortical flow of air away from the trailing edge of the object.

Abstract: A vehicle includes: a wire that is mounted on a vehicle body to which an external force is applied according to a running state during running of the vehicle, and applies a tension to the vehicle body; an actuator to adjust the tension of the wire to change a rigidity of the vehicle body; and a controller to output a control signal to the actuator. The controller determines the running state, outputs to the actuator a control signal designating a tension according to the determined running state, and controls distortion of the vehicle body.

Abstract: An adjustable king pin assembly for a fifth wheel trailer which includes an adjustable slider bar having a king pin secured thereto. The slider bar and king pin are easily removed from the assembly for repair, maintenance or replacement.

Abstract: A modular structure and method of creating a modular structure where the structure has a cover made from a corrugated, lightweight material, at least one end wall and at least one corner connection means where the cover has at least one channel cut therein and where the end wall is inserted into the channel so that the cover wraps around the end wall to form a structure, and where at least one corner connection means connects and secures the cover to the end wall.

Abstract: A zero flush system includes a body provided with a plurality of transfer paths, a plurality of solenoid bars movably inserted into the transfer paths and a solenoid bar in the plurality of solenoid bars having one end closely adhered to a vehicle body panel or a door panel, a plurality of solenoids disposed in the transfer paths and transferring the solenoid bars at a time of applying power to the solenoids and a control device controlling the transferring of the solenoid bars.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an aesthetically pleasing, functional, versatile solution to the problems associated with bicycle storage. The free-standing bicycle rack includes a base having at least two legs, a vertical support member projecting from the base, and a hook attached to the vertical support member for holding the wheel of a bicycle, such that the bicycle is stored in a vertical orientation. The bicycle rack is readily expandable to accommodate different numbers of bicycles, and the hook may be repositioned to different heights to accommodate bicycles of different sizes.

Abstract: A bicycle brake light system with a graduated light display that is activated as a direct result of and in correlation with the degree of bicycle deceleration. The brake lamp lights are illuminated in a graduated sequence resulting from a predetermined range from slight deceleration to hard breaking that is conveyed visually through the number and color of illuminated lamps. The brake lamp assemblage interface calculates deceleration algorithmically through a magnet and sensor receptor and receiving programmable logic controller that receives, computes, and conveys a bicycle wheel's decreasing revolutions per unit of time optically through illuminating lights to fellow vehicle operators and pedestrians.

Abstract: A pannier comprises a container portion and a connection system. Two connectors each have a portion rotatable between an opened position to allow the connectors to be installed onto the rod-like member, and a locking position in which the portions lock the connectors to the rod-like member, and a biasing member biasing the portions toward the locking position. The portions of the connectors each rotate about an axis transverse with respect to the rod-like member. The portions of the connectors are oriented so as to rotate in opposite directions with respect to one another when concurrently rotating to the opened position and concurrently rotating to the locking position. A strap connected to said portions of both of the connectors, the strap being positioned with respect to the container portion in a grasping position such that a pulling action on the strap concurrently rotates said portions to the opened position.

Abstract: A restraint is configured to restrain a rider's footwear to a motorcycle footpeg along at least a nearly vertical first axis. The footpeg extends away from the motorcycle along a second axis. The restraint is based upon a combination of a hook and a clasp. The restraint can be engaged by linearly moving the footwear alternatively along either of two axes including the first axis, and a third axis that is mutually perpendicular to the first and second axes. The restraint may also be disengaged by linearly moving the footwear along the third axis. The third axis generally passes from the heel to toe of the footwear. Moving the footwear in a backward direction (toe to heel direction) engages the restraint; moving the footwear in a forward direction (heel to toe direction) disengages the restraint.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a vehicle body frame that can lean, a right front wheel and a left front wheel, and an upper cross portion and a lower cross portion of a link mechanism each including a right end portion, a left end portion, and a middle portion supported on the vehicle body frame. The upper cross portion and the lower cross portion have different shapes. An upper right displacement and an upper left displacement that result when a rearward test force is exerted on an upper right bearing and an upper left bearing that support the upper cross portion with the lower cross portion removed are equal or substantially equal, and a lower right displacement and a lower left displacement that result when a rearward test force is exerted on a lower right bearing and a lower left bearing that support the lower cross portion with the upper cross portion removed are equal or substantially equal.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a side-by-side flexible twin bicycle are disclosed. In at least one embodiment, the side-by-side flexible twin bicycle includes two bicycles joined together side-by-side by means of a plurality of interconnecting pivoted link bars. One or more driver riders may simultaneously or independently operate said side-by-side flexible twin bicycle. In at least one embodiment, the side-by-side flexible twin bicycle may be configured employing different size bicycles, in-line multi-rider tandem bicycles, recumbent bicycles, mountain bicycles, and motorcycles of various types. These embodiments provide the vertical stability of a four-wheel vehicle while retaining the ability to lean into turns and ride over irregular surfaces affording for each of the riders the handling, ride and feel similar to that of a single conventional bicycle.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a substantially cylindrical and hollow main body having an open end and a closed end and a bayonet component extending therein. The bayonet component has a shaft at least partially enclosed within the main body and a pair of opposing protrusions extending radially outside of the main body proximate to a first end of the shaft. The apparatus further includes a lever rotatably coupled to the main body proximate to the open end thereof, and the lever includes a locking recess selectively aligned with the open end of the main body. The apparatus also includes a resilient member enclosed within the main body between the closed end thereof and the first end of the shaft of the bayonet component, and the resilient member biases the bayonet component toward the lever. The bayonet component engages the locking recess to inhibit rotation of the lever relative to the main body.

Abstract: A suspension device interposed between a vehicle body and a wheel includes a shock absorber, a suspension spring, a tube member accommodating the shock absorber and the suspension spring, a sealing member closing a one-side opening of the tube member and holding a piston rod of the shock absorber, a damping force adjustment portion, which includes a coil generating a magnetic field in a passage and a wiring penetrating the piston rod and the sealing member and conducting the coil, electrically adjusting resistance caused when an operating fluid, which is a magnetic viscous fluid whose viscosity changes by a magnetic field's action, passes through the passage allowing two chambers defined and formed by a piston in a cylinder to communicate with each other in the shock absorber, and a reaction force adjustment portion, which is mounted on the sealing member, for adjusting a reaction force of the suspension spring.

Abstract: A shock absorber of a suspension apparatus includes a pair of chambers, a flow passage connects the chambers such that a working fluid passes through the flow passage as the shock absorber expands and contracts, a damping force generation mechanism applies resistance to the working fluid passing through the flow passage, a bypass passage connects the chambers so as to bypass the flow passage, a variable throttle member that is inserted into the bypass passage to be capable of advancing and retreating in order to modify an opening of the bypass passage, an actuator drives the variable throttle member and includes an acting portion disposed on a back surface side of the variable throttle member, and a power transmission mechanism interposed between the acting portion and the variable throttle member in order to transmit a linear motion of the acting portion to the variable throttle member.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for adjusting the squat ratio of electric motorcycles and other electric vehicles, wherein the squat ratio adjustment is isolated from other chassis parameters.

Abstract: An adjustable shoe mounting structure for bicycle brake device is disclosed. Users may use the first adjusting member of the adjusting assembly to be turned relative to the second adjusting member of the adjusting assembly. That is, the first adjusting member may be pulled inwardly to turn an angle. The first adjusting member uses the elasticity of the spring to move axially and the brake shoe may be adjusted the angle by matching convex teeth with different heights of the first adjusting member and the second adjusting member. It may achieve the efficiency of adjusting brake shoe. Also, it has simple structure and is easy to operate while adjusting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bicycle electronic system, comprising: a battery unit, a manual command management unit, a derailleur management unit, and a supply and communication bus, each of said units being connected to said bus, wherein each of said manual command management unit and derailleur management unit comprises a processor and a voltage regulator arranged between the processor and said bus.