Abstract: A manufacturing method of a circuit board comprises the following steps. Firstly, provide a first core layer, a second core material layer, and a central dielectric material layer. Secondly, press the first core layer, the second core material layer, and the central dielectric material layer to form a composite circuit structure. Thirdly, removing a portion of the central dielectric material layer located at a periphery of a pre-removing area and a portion of the second core material layer located at the periphery of the pre-removing area. Finally, remove a portion of the central dielectric material layer located within the pre-removing area and a portion of the second core material layer located within the pre-removing area to form a central dielectric layer and a second core layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a capsule 12 for holding a substance 14 includes providing a capsule body 2 having a closed end 5 and an opposed open end 6; providing a diaphragm 4 having a closed end 7 and an opposed open end 8; partially filling the body 2 with substance 14; providing a gas-tight chamber; providing a nitrogen gas environment within the chamber; applying a partial vacuum to the chamber; supporting an outer side 43 of the body 2; supporting an inner side 102 of the diaphragm 4; while supporting the body 2 and the diaphragm 4, inserting the closed end 7 of the diaphragm 4 into the open end 6 of the body 2 until regions of the body 2 and the diaphragm 4 overlap one another, thereby closing off the open end 6 of the body 2 and forming a chamber 104 within which the substance 14 is held; and heat welding the overlapping regions of the capsule body 2 and the diaphragm 4 to one another to hermetically seal the chamber 104.

Abstract: Banks, as well as a plurality of recess-shaped cells defined by the banks, are provided in an image section formed in a gravure printing plate. A projecting portion is provided in each of the cells so as to protrude from a part of the base surface of that cell. The projecting portions are in positions distanced from the banks. Like the banks, the projecting portions can serve as starting points for the transfer of a printing paste. Accordingly, printing paste that would, in the case where the projecting portions are not provided, remain in the bases of the cells is transferred to the printing target material via the projecting portions, which increases the transfer efficiency. As a result, a paste film that is smooth and has the required thickness can be printed.

Abstract: A system and method for securing a printer. The system including a server, comprising a nontransitory storage medium, storing program code configured to: receive a disconnect notice having a disconnect timestamp, the disconnect timestamp representing a time a printer was disconnected from a host computer; receive from a reader a request for validation, the request having a print timestamp derived from a security feature printed by the printer; compare the disconnect timestamp with the print timestamp to determine if the security feature was printed after printer was disconnected from the host computer.

Abstract: A device for replacing the printing rollers of a printing unit, particularly for in-line flexographic rotary machines is disclosed and includes a work station for a first, working printing roller, a holding station for a second printing roller, a removal station for a printing roller to be removed, movement means, for the movement of the first printing roller from the work station to the removal station and for the movement of the second printing roller from the holding station to the work station.

Abstract: An image recording method includes recording an intermediate image by applying an ink to an intermediate transfer body, and transferring the intermediate image onto a recording medium while heating the intermediate image. The ink contains a coloring material and polymer fine particles each including a core constituted by a crystalline polymer and a shell constituted by an amorphous polymer. In transferring the intermediate image, the intermediate image is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than a melting point of the crystalline polymer constituting the core and equal to or higher than a glass transition point of the amorphous polymer constituting the shell.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a full-line printhead in which a plurality of chips, on each of which a plurality of nozzle arrays are juxtaposed, are arranged in the nozzle arrayed direction, and which prints by the entire width of a printing medium using a plurality of nozzles arranged on the plurality of chips. The printing apparatus discharges ink from a predetermined number of successive nozzles on each nozzle array of each chip toward a printing medium during conveyance, thereby forming a plurality of first patterns corresponding to at least one nozzle array of each chip on the printing medium in the nozzle arrayed direction, reads the plurality of first patterns from the printing medium during conveyance using a sensor, calculates the shift amount of an ink attached position based on the plurality of read first patterns and corrects the attached position of ink based on the shift amount.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid discharge head in which a driver IC is not easily damaged at the time of assembling, and a recording device using the same. A liquid discharge head of the present invention is the liquid discharge head including a head main body, a casing, and a driver IC that drives the head main body. The casing has an opening and is in contact with the head main body at the opening so as to cover at least a part of the head main body, a part of an inner surface of a side plate of the casing continuing from the opening has an inclination portion inclined toward the inner side of the casing with respect to the opening, and the driver IC is in contact with the inclination portion of the inner surface.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a apparatus for driving a capacitance-type actuator includes a first voltage source, a second voltage source, and a driver. The first voltage source outputs a first voltage to charge the capacitance-type actuator. The second voltage source outputs a second voltage to charge the actuator. The driver switches between first and second charges and first and second discharges. The first charge supplies the first voltage to the actuator. The second charge supplies the sum of the first voltage and the second voltage to the actuator. The first discharge emits a charge accumulated in the actuator and guides the charge to the second voltage source. The second discharge emits the charge accumulated in the actuator without guiding the charge to the second voltage source.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a liquid ejecting head including a nozzle that ejects a droplet and a pressure producing unit that produces pressure to pressurize a pressure chamber communicating with the nozzle; and a head drive controlling unit that provides a driving signal to the pressure producing unit. The head drive controlling unit outputs the driving signal including at least a first driving pulse and a second driving pulse to eject droplets and a residual vibration suppressing pulse to suppress residual vibration in the pressure chamber without ejecting a droplet. The residual vibration suppressing pulse is output at such a timing that the residual vibration suppressing pulse has an opposite phase to a composite vibration Vab that is formed by superposition of a meniscus vibration Va generated by droplet ejection with the first driving pulse and a meniscus vibration Vb generated by droplet ejection with the second driving pulse.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a liquid discharge head including plural nozzles to discharge droplets; a plurality of individual liquid chambers; a pressure generator, and a head drive controller. A meniscus oscillation generated in the individual liquid chamber applied with the pressure by the pressure generator has a phase reverse to a phase of a meniscus oscillation generated in the adjacent individual liquid chamber not applied with the pressure by the pressure generator, the common drive waveform generated by the head drive controller includes a common discharge pulse used for forming droplets having at least two sizes and an noncommon discharge pulse used for forming one of the droplets having two sizes, and a pulse interval between the common discharge pulse and the noncommon discharge pulse located right before the common discharge pulse is a time area having a phase reverse to resonance.

Abstract: Described are a system and a method to activate an actuator for a first nozzle of a plurality of nozzles of an inkjet printing system. The inkjet printer system can be configured to generate triggers with a frequency for printing of a respective line of pixels by the plurality of nozzles. The frequency of the triggers can depend on a print speed of the inkjet printing system, and the print speed can be modifiable. A time period between two successive triggers can correspond to a total duration available to the first nozzle for an ink firing for printing of a pixel of the line. An indicator for a current print speed of the inkjet printing system can be determined. Depending on the indicator for the current print speed, a waveform for activation of an actuator can be defined to produce an ink firing for printing of the pixel of the line on the recording medium by the first nozzle within the total duration available at the current print speed.

Abstract: An inkjet printer includes a print head, a nozzle position specifying section and a print control section. The print head includes a plurality of nozzles to eject ink. The nozzle position specifying section is configured to specify a position of a first nozzle that exhibits defective ejection. The print control section is configured to print dots in a plurality of sizes. The print control section is configured to change a dot size of a dot to be printed by a second nozzle, which is positioned adjacent to the first nozzle, to a larger size than a dot size specified in an image data, and to change a dot size of a dot to be printed by a third nozzle, which is positioned adjacent to the second nozzle, to a smaller size than the dot to be printed by the second nozzle after the change.

Abstract: A printing device for dispending material on a heated substrate is provided. The device may include a printing head having one or more nozzles and a heat shield that partially masks a side of the printing head that faces the heated substrate when printing so as to reduce heat transfer from the substrate to the printing head. The shield includes a slot aligned with the one or more nozzles to enable passage of material from the one or more nozzles to the heated substrate.

Abstract: A printing apparatus that minimizes the amount of ink mist adhering to a rectifying member is provided. A rectifying member can be toggled between a rectifying state for rectification and a retracted state in which the rectifying member is retracted from the rectifying state, and the rectifying member can be kept in the retracted state while the carriage is moving. The rectifying member is toggled to the rectifying state or to the retracted state while the carriage is moving, according to at least one condition from among the distance between the print head and a sheet, and the movement speed of the carriage.

Abstract: An inkjet head includes: a pressure chamber in which ink is filled; a nozzle plate which is provided on a first surface of the pressure chamber and which includes a nozzle communicating with the pressure chamber; and a planar drive section which is formed on the nozzle plate so as to extend from above a partition wall of the pressure chamber to above the pressure chamber, excluding a hole area around the nozzle and which has a piezoelectric body.

Abstract: At an area corresponding to a pressure chamber, the width of a lower electrode film in a nozzle row direction is narrower than the width of the pressure chamber in the same direction. A vibrating plate at the area corresponding to a pressure chamber includes an area P1, an area P2, and an area P3. The area P1 is an area on which the piezoelectric layer to be an activation portion is stacked. The area P2 is an area on which the piezoelectric layer to be an inactivation portion is stacked. The area P3 is an area on which the piezoelectric layer is not stacked. When the thicknesses of the vibrating plate at the areas P1, P2 and P3 are set to, respectively, t1, t2, and t3, the following expression is satisfied: t1>t2?t3??(1).

Abstract: A head unit includes a head, an upstream member with an upstream passage supplied with liquid, a downstream member with a downstream passage communicating with the upstream passage and supplying liquid to the head, an elastic sealer connecting the upstream and downstream passages, and including a tube with a connection passage, and a support between the sealer and the downstream member. In the head unit, the upstream member and the sealer apply pressure in a penetration direction of the connection passage and hermetically seal the upstream passage, the sealer and the downstream member apply pressure in a direction perpendicular to the penetration direction of the tube and hermetically seal the downstream passage, and the support abuts a region on a surface of the sealer, the surface being opposite the upstream member, the region overlapping a region to which the sealer and the upstream member apply pressure.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes: a liquid ejection head body; and a reservoir, wherein the reservoir includes: a reservoir flow passage; and a branched flow passage, the branched flow passage extends in one direction, and is communicated with the liquid ejection head body at both end portions thereof, and in viewing the liquid ejection head from a reservoir side, at least one of the reservoir flow passage and the branched flow passage in the vicinity of a connection portion where the reservoir flow passage and the branched flow passage are communicated with each other is bent such that an angle made by the reservoir flow passage and the branched flow passage approximates a right angle.

Abstract: A liquid discharging substrate comprising discharging units, a first pad arranged on a first side, a second pad arranged on a second side, a signal generating unit arranged between the first pad and the second pad, level shifters, for shifting a level of a signal generated by the signal generating unit to output the signal to the discharging units, arranged between the signal generating unit and the second pad, a first wiring line for supplying the signal generating unit with a first reference voltage received by the first pad, and a second wiring line for supplying the level shifters with the second reference voltage received by the second pad, wherein the first wiring line and the second wiring line are isolated from each other between the signal generating unit and the level shifters in a planar view.

Abstract: A method of making inkjet print heads may include forming a first wafer including a sacrificial substrate layer, and a first dielectric layer thereon having first openings therein defining inkjet orifices. The method may also include forming a second wafer having inkjet chambers defined thereon, and joining the first and second wafers together so that each inkjet orifice is aligned with a respective inkjet chamber. The method may further include removing the sacrificial substrate layer thereby defining the inkjet print heads.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a liquid jet head, a laminated substrate is formed by bonding onto a base substrate piezoelectric substrates having side surfaces joined to each other. Discharge grooves serving as channels for discharging liquid and dummy grooves serving as dummy channels that do not discharge the liquid are formed on a surface of the laminated substrate. The discharge grooves and dummy grooves are alternately arranged relative one another and are parallel to a longitudinal direction of bonding surfaces formed by the joined side surfaces of the piezoelectric substrates. The dummy grooves are formed at the respective bonding surfaces. Drive electrodes are formed on side surfaces of the grooves.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a liquid discharge apparatus including a piezoelectric actuator configured to apply pressure to liquid in pressure chambers formed in a channel forming substrate. The producing method includes: forming a stacked body of an ink separation layer, piezoelectric layers, a first electrode, and second electrodes on a base member having a part to be the channel formation substrate; forming a liquid repellent layer which covers the piezoelectric layers and the second electrodes from a side opposite to the ink separation layer; and forming the pressure chambers on the base member. The liquid repellent layer is formed to have residual stress generated in the liquid repellent layer in a state that the pressure chambers are formed, the residual stress having intensity which is smaller than intensity to bend parts of the piezoelectric actuator overlapping with the pressure chambers toward the pressure chambers by 200 nm.

Abstract: There is provided an ink jet recording apparatus including a recording head in which nozzle arrays are configured by lining up a plurality of nozzles which discharge identical inks and the nozzle arrays are arranged in a plurality of lines, and which discharges a plurality of types of ink, and a cap member which covers the plurality of the nozzle arrays in which out of a plurality of nozzle arrays which are accommodated in one cap member in a capping operation, a nozzle array in an end side region of the cap member discharges ink with the lowest solid content concentration and a nozzle array in a central region of the cap member discharges ink with highest solid content concentration.

Abstract: An inkjet recording apparatus includes a recording head configured to discharge ink, a first waste ink retaining member configured to absorb ink discharged from the recording head, a second waste ink retaining member arranged below the first waste ink retaining member, a first inclined surface configured to flow waste ink overflowing the first waste ink retaining member downward, a waste ink receiving surface connected with a bottom end of the first inclined surface and including a porous body sheet for absorbing waste ink, and a second inclined surface configured to flow waste ink overflowing the porous body sheet to the second waste ink retaining member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid storing device that includes at least a tank for storing a liquid, a supply tube that supplies the liquid to the tank, and a discharge tube that discharges the liquid stored in the tank. The supply tube diverges at a T branch joint into an upper supply tube and a lower supply tube. The upper supply tube has an upper supply port in the tank, the upper supply port positioned above a level of the liquid stored in the tank. The lower supply tube has a lower supply port in the tank, the lower supply port positioned below the level of the liquid.

Abstract: A liquid container is configured to be detachably attached to a liquid container storage section arranged at an incline such that a liquid supply section is a lower side in a direction of gravity. The liquid container includes a liquid container-side positioning section with which a mounting member-side engagement section provided to the liquid container storage section is engageable, and a liquid lead-out section to which the liquid supply section is connected. The liquid container-side positioning section and the mounting member-side engagement section are engaged before the liquid lead-out section and the liquid supply section are connected when the liquid container is mounted onto the liquid container storage section.

Abstract: A liquid container can be smoothly mounted to a mounting portion, and the liquid container is reliably locked when mounting is complete. The liquid container includes: a first surface that is on a side in a direction of insertion (+Y direction); a second surface that opposes the first surface; a third surface that intersects the first surface and the second surface and has formed therein a groove portion that can engage with a lever member; a fourth surface that opposes the third surface; and lower protruding wall portions that are provided on at least one of the third surface and the fourth surface, and are positioned by guide surfaces of lower guide ribs of the mounting portion when the ink cartridge is locked by engagement of the groove portion with the lever member due to the ink cartridge moving in the direction of insertion into the mounting portion.

Abstract: A controller, upon a pressure of one tank of a positive pressure tank and a negative pressure tank reaching a setting pressure of the one tank prior to a pressure of the other tank reaching a setting pressure of the other tank after driving an air pump, sets an air opening valve opening time at each unit time according to a difference between the pressure of the one tank and the pressure of the other tank, and repeatedly drives one of a positive-pressure-side air opening valve and a negative-pressure-side air opening valve corresponding to the one tank to switch to and hold an air open state of the one tank for the set air opening valve opening time within the unit time, until the pressure of the other tank reaches the setting pressure of the other tank.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid ejection device including a head for ejecting a liquid, a liquid containing unit, a liquid filler, and a pressure adjusting unit, in which the liquid containing unit includes a sealed housing and a flexible member provided in the housing, the housing includes a first containing space communicating with the head and a second containing space partitioned from the first containing space through use of the flexible member, the first containing space contains the liquid, and the liquid filler is filled into the second containing space, the pressure adjusting unit communicates with the second containing space, and adjusts the pressure of the liquid filler filled into the second containing space so as to maintain a negative pressure with respect to the head.

Abstract: A printing process for a wood-based flat element may involve a preliminary step of graphic composition using an electronic processor and relative software, and a printing step to print a surface of the wood-based flat element using an ink-jet printer of a single-pass type. The ink-jet printer may be controlled by the electronic processor. The ink-jet printer may be provided with print heads. For each color employed in the ink-jet printer, the number of print heads may be that required to cover the entire width of the surface to be printed. During the printing step, the wood-based flat element may be maintained at rest while the ink-jet printer performs a motion relative to the wood-based flat element to print the entire surface. The motion of the ink-jet printer may result in the wood-based flat element passing below the print heads, such that the entire surface of the wood-based flat element is printed in a single pass of the wood-based flat element below the print heads.

Abstract: When the width of a recording head is greater than the width of a recording medium having a maximum conveyable width, a recorded image corresponding to ejecting ports in the entire area of the recording head cannot be corrected. Multiple correction test patterns are recorded using ejecting ports in part of the recording head, and correction data for correcting an image corresponding to ejecting ports in the entire area of the recording head on the basis of the colorimetric result of the test patterns. In this way, image data to be recorded by the ejecting ports in the entire area of the recording head is corrected.

Abstract: An ink jet printer in which a plurality of nozzles includes a failed nozzle that fails to discharge an ink droplet, a primary vicinal nozzle that forms a dot in an adjacent pixel which is adjacent in a direction intersecting a scanning direction to a dot-missing pixel which is caused by the failed nozzle and is continuous in the scanning direction, and a secondary vicinal nozzle that forms a dot in a secondary adjacent pixel which is adjacent to the adjacent pixel on the opposite side of the adjacent pixel from the dot-missing pixel, and a dot formation unit forms a dot by displacing the position of a dot formed by an ink droplet from the primary vicinal nozzle in the scanning direction and the position of a dot formed by an ink droplet from the secondary vicinal nozzle in the scanning direction.

Abstract: The present invention is and includes an apparatus, system and method for providing an automated detection of thermal history control signal scheme and an automated switching circuit to select a converter circuit that changes one type of thermal history control signals from a thermal printer to another type for receipt by the driver ICs on a thermal printhead.

Abstract: A system directs a laser beam to mark a material with an alphanumeric code. Character and quality information corresponding to a mark to apply to the material with the laser beam can be received, a font definition that specifies character segments can be obtained, a set of multiple spaced locations can be generated from the character segments in accordance with the character and quality information, and the material can be marked with the laser beam by directing the laser beam to dwell at the locations and move between the locations without deactivating the laser beam.

Abstract: A drawing apparatus detects, as base coat information, a contour of a base coat region which is formed on a surface of a drawing object by applying a first ink used for a base coat on the surface of the drawing object with a drawing tool so as to fill in a design region surrounded with a contour of a design image, before the design image is printed on the surface of the drawing object, and adjusts a size of the design image and generates an adjusted design image which has a size sufficient to cover a whole area of the base coat region, based on the detected base coat information. The drawing apparatus then prints, by a print head, the adjusted design image on the base coat region at a position at which the adjusted design image covers the whole area of the base coat region.

Abstract: A printer for printing on an optical fiber includes an ink tray storing an ink; a drawing roll configured to draw the ink from the ink tray; a printing roll, having a print pattern which is capable of filling the ink transferred from the drawing roll, configured to transfer the ink filled in the print pattern to a surface of the running optical fiber, the print pattern being a mesh pattern having a mesh size in a range of 75-mesh to 150-mesh; and a doctor blade configured to press the ink into the print pattern and to scrape the excess ink deposited on a surface of the printing roll.

Abstract: A LED illumination source may include one or a plurality of LED illumination modules, each LED illumination module comprising a plurality of LED clusters, wherein each LED cluster comprises a LED array which is rotated by an angle of rotation with respect to an axis which is parallel to a predefined direction of sweep.

Abstract: There is provided a drying device including a plurality of surface-emitting laser elements each having a plurality of laser elements and arranged along a feeding direction of a recording medium. First power supplying pads are respectively provided at both ends of an electrode on a laser illumination surface of each surface-emitting laser element in a width direction of the recording medium and a second power supplying pad is provided at one end of the electrode on a backside of each surface-emitting laser element in the feeding direction. The respective first power supplying pads of the surface-emitting laser element arranged at an upstream-side in the feeding direction and the second power supplying pad of the surface-emitting laser element arranged at a downstream-side in the feeding direction are connected to each other by wires.

Abstract: A drying device includes: an irradiation unit that irradiates, with laser light, a printing medium onto which ink droplets have been ejected from a droplets ejecting unit; and a control unit that controls the irradiation unit so that a temperature of ink on the printing medium becomes an ink target temperature that is determined using a thermal deformation temperature of the printing medium as a reference in case the thermal deformation temperature of the printing medium is lower than or equal to an ink drying temperature, and becomes an ink target temperature that is determined using the ink drying temperature as a reference in case the thermal deformation temperature of the printing medium is higher than the ink drying temperature.

Abstract: A plurality of first contact portions is arranged to face a second supporting member between a nipping position and nozzles in a conveying direction. The first contact portions are spaced away from each other in a width direction, and contact a sheet from a first side. A second contact portion is provided at least between two of the first contact portions in the width direction, and contacts the sheet from a second side. A regulating member is provided at a first supporting member. The regulating member extends to provide an extending end portion that is located at a position closer to a second supporting member than the nozzle surface is in a perpendicular direction. The extending end portion locates the first contact portions at a regulating position that is closer to the second supporting member than the nozzle surface is in the perpendicular direction.

Abstract: A holding member includes a base, a transparent sheet, first, second and third signs. The base has an adhesive part on which a sheet-shaped object is removably placed. The sheet holds the object between the base and itself. The first sign indicates a type of the holding member. The second sign indicates that the sheet is located at a closed position. The second sign on the sheet and the first and third signs on the base are located at a front part of the base with respect to an insertion direction of the holding member when the sheet is located at a closed position. The first to third signs are located between a front end of the adhesive part and a front end of the base with respect to the insertion direction when the sheet is located at the closed position.

Abstract: A recording apparatus includes: recording modules; a storage; a receiver; a first path extending from the storage to the plurality of recording modules; 6a second path extending from the recording modules to the receiver; and third paths extending between the first path and the second path via first connection positions and second connection positions. The second path has one end connected to the receiver and the other end connected to a portion of the first path which is located upstream of the first connection positions. When the recording medium having passed through the first path once is conveyed to the first path again via the second path, the conveyor conveys the recording medium in a state in which a first surface and a second surface of the recording medium are reversed when compared with a stain which the recording medium passes through the first path in preceding conveyance.

Abstract: A drive device includes: connection gears connected to driving objects; a movable gear movable between the connection gears; a drive source for rotating the movable gear; and at least one estimator each provided for a corresponding one of at least one of the connection gears and configured to: estimate a reaction-force estimate value, as an estimate value of a reaction force acting in a power transmission system from the drive source to the driving object, based on control input, control output, and a model of the power transmission system; and output the reaction-force estimate value. The model is configured such that the reaction-force estimate value falls within a set range in a state in which the movable gear is meshed with the connection gear. A controller detects mesh and/or separation between the movable gear and the at least one connection gear based on the reaction-force estimate value.

Abstract: A method for controlling a digital printing system to print digital image data for an image region. An image region database stores data characterizing a plurality of reference image regions, each reference image region having one or more associated system control parameters that are appropriate for use in printing the reference image region. The system control parameters can include parameters related to correcting color registration errors. The image region to be printed is compared with the reference image regions in the image region database, and a similar reference image region is selected. The image region is printed using the system control parameters associated with the selected similar reference image region.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for self-sensing the detection of print head conditions on high resolution/multiple nozzle piezoelectric ink jet print heads resulting in increased ink jet efficiency and reduced ejection failure with no use of ink. This is done by creating a pressure wave in an ink-fillable ink jet head ejection chamber where the intensity of the induced pressure wave is below a threshold value necessary to produce ejection of a normal sized ink drop through the nozzle. An electrical signal based on the pressure wave is generated and analyzed to determine ink jet head ink drop ejection performance.

Abstract: A multiple-conductor flat cable includes: an analog cable portion formed such that ground signal lines and analog signal lines are alternately arranged side by side across a signal transmission direction and each adjacent pair of the ground signal lines and the analog signal lines are joined while being electrically insulated from each other; and a digital cable portion joined with the analog cable portion while being placed adjacent to the digital cable portion and formed such that digital signal lines are arranged side by side across the signal transmission direction and each adjacent pair of the digital signal lines are joined while being electrically insulated from each other.

Abstract: An ink jet recording apparatus includes a recording condition changing unit that changes a recording condition upon formation of an image; an evaluation image input unit that inputs evaluation image data representing an evaluation image including at least two successive adjacent dots to form the evaluation image on a recording medium; a reading unit that reads the evaluation image; an evaluation value calculating unit that calculates an evaluation value based on color information on the evaluation image; an acceptance/rejection determining unit that determines acceptance/rejection of the evaluation image by comparing the evaluation value with an acceptance/rejection determining threshold value; and a recording condition deciding unit that decides that a recording condition used during formation of an evaluation image of which acceptance has been determined is to be used as a recording condition upon formation of the image on the recording medium.

Abstract: When test print is performed for printing an image on a transparent sheet, an inexpensive sheet is used instead of the transparent sheet. A method for controlling a printing apparatus includes receiving a setting of the test print, and performing control to print the image as a mirror image on a second side of the transparent sheet if the setting of the test print is not received, and performing control to feed an alternative sheet instead of the transparent sheet to print the image as a normal image on a first side of the alternative sheet if the setting of the test print is received.

Abstract: A motor control system includes a motor having an associated rotary position encoder, and a controller for controlling the operation of the motor, wherein the motor is switchable between a position control mode and a torque control mode.