Abstract: Disclosed is a microfluidic biosensing system including a processor, in which a Raman barcode database corresponding to at least one Raman spectrum signal is stored, a plurality of Raman barcode beads mixed with a target fluid and coupled to at least one target bioparticle in the target fluid, a microfluidic channel disposed to make the target fluid mixed with the Raman barcode beads flow therethrough, a light source disposed on the microfluidic channel, and a spectral detection device connected to the processor and disposed to correspond to the light source. The spectral detection device receives the Raman spectrum signal generated when the target bioparticle coupled with the Raman barcode bead is irradiated, and transfers the received Raman spectrum signal to the processor. The processor determines a type of the bioparticle(s) and calculates the number of bioparticle(s) by matching the Raman spectrum signal(s) to the Raman barcode database.

Abstract: An analysis system includes a moveable focusing lens, a laser (typically an eye safe laser) having an output directed at the focusing lens, and a spectrometer outputting intensity data from a sample. A controller system is responsive to the spectrometer and is configured to energize the laser, process the output of the spectrometer, and adjust the position of the focusing lens relative to the sample until the spectrometer output indicates a maximum or near maximum intensity resulting from a laser output focused to a spot on the sample.

Abstract: Chromonic azo dyes are particular types of chromonic molecules that are alignable homeotropically (aggregated molecules stack perpendicularly to the surface) on different types of substrates, often without the need of any special surface treatment. This feature enables the optimization of a detection device with increased sensitivity based of the alignment distortion created by a biological immune complex.

Abstract: A system including a light source, sampling tray, and at least three detectors mounted at angles with respect to each other receives light reflected from a sample of cannabis-based matter. Light from the three detectors is fed to a spectrometer which converts the reflected light into a fingerprint corresponding to the concentration of at least one substance in the sample. The fingerprint is processed by a statistical model to determine concentration level of the at least one substance in the sample and the concentration level is then displayed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for inspecting a surface are disclosed. A source, detector, a base, a controller, and a processing device are used to collect image data related to the surface and information relating to the location of the image data on the surface. The image data and information relating to location are correlated and stored in a processing device to create a map of surface condition.

Abstract: The present invention intends to reduce a measurement error in the concentration of a component due to the effect of the grain concentration of grain dispersion liquid. Also, the present invention is one that calculates the concentration of a predetermined component added into grain dispersion liquid in which grains are dispersed in liquid, with use of a light absorption spectrum obtained by irradiating the grain dispersion liquid with light and a preliminarily prepared calibration curve representing the relationship between a light absorption spectrum and the concentration of the predetermined component. Further, the calibration curve is prepared on the basis of multiple light absorption spectra obtained by measuring light absorption spectra of multiple grain dispersion liquids having mutually different grain concentrations for each of mutually different multiple concentrations of the predetermined component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the method and device to determination of the properties of gemstones and more particularly evolution of gemstone by detection of internal and external structure of gemstone. In particular, the present invention methods and device is used to identify the size, location of impurities/defects in raw gemstone with the help of optimize spectroscopy scanning. The present invention method and device is used for precise automatic evolution of gemstones and possibilities (estimation) of final value of planned gemstone after remaining gemstone processing cycle.

Abstract: An inspection device is required to detect a minute defect, that is, to have high sensitivity as semiconductor devices become finer. There are some approaches for improving the sensitivity. One is to shorten the wavelength of illuminating light radiated onto a sample. This is because, assuming that the wavelength of the illuminating light is ?, I???4 is established between the magnitude of scattered light is I and ?. Another approach is to use illuminating light including multiple wavelengths. An approach for taking in more scattered light generated from the sample is also possible. However, an optical system suitable for these approaches has not been sufficiently found in conventional techniques. One feature of the present invention is to detect a defect by using a Wolter optical system including a Wolter mirror.

Abstract: Provided herein is an apparatus, including a mapping means for generating a map of locations of surface features of an article based on photon-detector signals corresponding to photons scattered from the surface features of the article, and a surface feature manager. The surface manager is configured to locate a predetermined surface feature of the surface features of the article based, at least in part, on the map of the surface features locations, irradiate photons of a first power onto the location of the predetermined surface feature to analyze the predetermined surface feature, and irradiate photons of a second power onto the location of the predetermined surface feature to remove the predetermined surface feature.

Abstract: A pipe inspection device includes a housing (1) fixed to a semi-rigid rod (2) and having a longitudinal axis (3) and inside the housing a camera (4) having a forward-looking field of view and a camera (5) rotatable around said longitudinal axis (3) and having a field of view directed to permit closer inspection of an inner surface of the pipe, and means (17-24) for rotating the rotatable camera (5) to direct its field of view against an area of the inner surface of the pipe to be inspected more closely. To make it possible to inspect the inner surface of a pipe faster than with prior art devices, the inspection device has at least two cameras (5-7) in addition to the camera (4) having a forward-looking field. Said at least two cameras (5-7) are rotatable as an assembly around the longitudinal axis and have a field of view directed to permit closer inspection of an inner surface of the pipe.

Abstract: A method for inspecting defects inside a rod-shaped transparent object by using a scanning beam of parallel light rays directed onto a rod-shaped transparent object orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the object so that an inspection plane comprises an object's cross-section. The scanning beam is detected at an opposite side of the rod-shaped object that is interposed to intercept the parallel rays of the scanning beam. The electric output signal from the detector is processed to produce a first light intensity profile in a first scan direction, the light intensity profile comprising a shadow region delimited by first and second shadow edges, which is indicative of the outside diameter of the object across the inspection plane.

Abstract: A sample material is scanned with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) over multiple steps having a predetermined size at a predetermined angle. Each scan at a predetermined step and angle is compared to a template, wherein the template is generated from parameters of the material and the scanning. The data is then analyzed using local mis-orientation mapping and/or Nye's tensor analysis to provide information about local strain states.

Abstract: Provided is a device capable of suppressing a drop in detection accuracy, and a manufacturing method of a structure. A detection device is a device that irradiates a subject with X-rays and detects the X-rays transmitting through the subject, and includes an X-ray source that emits X-rays, a table that holds the subject, a detector that detects at least a portion of the transmitted X-rays emitted from the X-ray source and transmitted through the subject, and a first guide device and a second guide device that guide movement of the table in a direction parallel to an optical axis of the X-ray source while supporting the table. In this detection device, a guide plane, which is parallel to the optical axis and is a plane to which the movement of the table is regulated, passes through the inside of a detection region of the transmitted X-rays of the detector.

Abstract: A control system is presented for use in measuring one or more parameters of a sample. The control system comprises an input utility and a processor utility. The input utility is configured for receiving input data including first data comprising X-ray Diffraction or High-Resolution X-ray Diffraction (XRD) response data of the sample indicative of a material distribution in the sample, and second data comprising optical response data of the sample to incident light indicative of at least a geometry of the sample. The processor utility is configured and operable for processing and analyzing one of the first and second data for optimizing the other one of the first and second data, and utilizing the optimized data for determining said one or more parameters of the sample including a strain distribution in the sample.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining surface relaxivity from nuclear magnetic resonance measurements relate to applying multiple nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) diffusion editing Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequences to the porous medium, wherein the diffusion editing CPMG pulse sequences have a diffusion encoding time ?; receiving NMR data generated by the pulse sequences; processing the received NMR data to obtain a distribution f(T2,D) for the diffusion encoding time ?; repeating the applying, the receiving, and the processing at least one time for pulse sequences having different respective diffusion encoding times ? to obtain respective distributions f(T2,D) corresponding respectively to the different diffusion encoding times ?; and utilizing the respectively obtained distributions f(T2,D) to generate a surface relaxivity (?) determination.

Abstract: An interior monitoring method, implemented by a server coupled to a plurality of sensors deployed throughout a location, includes receiving data from the plurality of sensors, wherein the plurality of sensors are configured to monitor environmental conditions and provide data based thereon which can be used to determine cleaning and effectiveness of the cleaning for the location; correlating the data; and determining whether the location has been cleaned based on the correlated data. The building interior monitoring systems and methods include deploying tens to hundreds to thousands of sensors per location and continually monitoring data to determine whether the location has been cleaned or whether the location has been damaged, based on the temperature and/or pressure readings. This is particularly advantageous in environments such as hospital rooms, bathrooms, restaurants, locker rooms, etc., i.e., any environment where there is a risk for the spread of disease.

Abstract: There is provided a method for measuring a coefficient of thermal expansion including: a step (S100) of providing two or more samples; a step (S200) of obtaining measured coefficients of thermal expansion of the two or more samples by means of a thermal mechanical analyzer; and a step (S300) of deriving a correction expression of an estimated coefficient of thermal expansion that is to be applied to the thermal mechanical analyzer through the two or more measured coefficients of thermal expansion obtained in the step (S200) and a linear regression analysis.

Abstract: A nanoscale probe includes a substrate and a pair of nanoscale wires each having a first end disposed on the substrate and a second end. The second ends of each nanoscale wire are in contact with one another such that the pair of nanoscale wires form a bridge extending over the substrate. The nanoscale wires may be electrically connected to electrodes residing on the substrate. The electrodes, in turn, are connected to an active electronic device such as a readout device or microprocessor formed in the substrate on which the probe is located. In this way a property of the nanoscale wires, and thus of the cell, may be determined.

Abstract: Provided is a cleanable conductivity sensor and related methods having a distal sensing end in which active sensing elements are positioned and an outer fin specially configured to minimize unwanted interference without impacting the ability for automated cleaning of the distal sensing end. A rotatable wiper or brush may be periodically rotated over the distal sensing end, thereby removing unwanted biological build-up and avoiding fouling, thereby increasing the sensor deployment time without active intervention and maintenance.

Abstract: To provide a gas sensor apparatus capable of preventing clogging of a gas intake port due to particles, droplets, or the like, of a gas and maintaining measurement accuracy for a long time, a gas sensor apparatus 1 includes a housing 3. The housing 3 includes an expansion chamber 6 communicating with an air intake passage 2 via an air intake port 8, and a measurement chamber 5 communicating with the expansion chamber 6 via a communicating portion 7. A double squeezing structure including the gas intake port 8 and the communicating portion 7 is provided, and two stages of regions where the volume expands between the gas intake port 8 and the measurement chamber 5 are provided. As a result, the movement of the air in the measurement chamber 5 is decreased. It is possible to provide a structure in which the capacity of the gas intake port 8 is increased to avoid clogging of the gas intake port due to particles or droplets.

Abstract: A biosensor and a method for manufacturing the biosensor. The biosensor comprises an insulative substrate (1), an electrode system (2, 3, and 4), a reagent, and an insulating layer (5). The insulating layer (5) covers a part of the electrode system (2, 3, and 4). Also, a closed region (6) without the insulation layer is formed at where the reagent is. The closed region (6) is provided with an enclosing border having no sharp corner. The reagent covers the closed region (6) and does not go beyond the enclosing border. The biosensor also comprises an assisted diffusion electrode (12). The use of the enclosing border having no sharp corner and of the assisted diffusion electrode (12) reduces the edge effect of the reagent, allows the reagent to diffuse uniformly at response areas of the electrodes, effectively controls the amount of reagent used, reduces product costs, and allows for simple manufacturing.

Abstract: Various methods for operating an oxygen sensor are provided. In one example, a method of operating an oxygen sensor comprises applying power to a heater of the oxygen sensor, and indicating whether water is in contact with the oxygen sensor based on a time rate of change of a temperature of the oxygen sensor.

Abstract: The present specification provides a NOx responsive element suitable for directly sensing NOx. The NOx responsive element an oxygen ion conductive layer has a first electrode layer having a nitrogen oxide decomposition catalyst phase composed of perovskite-type oxide, being in contact with the oxygen ion conductive layer, and being exposed to NOx, and a second electrode layer opposing the first electrode layer across the oxygen ion conductive layer. The nitrogen oxide decomposition catalyst phase has a nitrogen oxide adsorption stabilizing surface on its surface exposed to nitrogen oxide.

Abstract: Methods and systems for hydrating and calibrating an electrochemical sensor are disclosed.

Abstract: In an electrode unit, a working electrode and a counter electrode are disposed in a cylindrical section having a cylindrical shape, which is a sensor main body, a distal end face of the working electrode is covered with a diaphragm that allows liquid to be measure to permeate, and an internal liquid chamber in which internal liquid of an electrolyte is stored and a standard solution chamber in which a standard solution for calibration is stored are partitioned by the diaphragm. The standard solution chamber is surrounded by an inner wall of the cylindrical section and a cap. When the electrode unit is mounted on a medical solution tank, zero adjustment is automatically performed using a standard solution inside the electrode unit. Thereafter, when the cap is opened, the standard solution is discharged and measurement in an actual use can be performed.

Abstract: An apparatus for analyzing ion kinetics in a dielectric probe structure includes an ion reservoir abutting the dielectric probe structure and configured to supply mobile ions to the dielectric probe structure, a capacitor structure configured to generate an electric field in the dielectric probe structure along a vertical direction, and an electrode structure configured to generate an electrophoretic force on mobile ions in the dielectric probe structure along a lateral direction. A method for analyzing ion kinetics in the dielectric probe structure of the apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: Gradient elution isotachophoretic apparatus, and systems for performing gradient elution isotachophoresis to separate, purify, concentrate, quantify, and/or extract charged analytes from a sample. The isotachophoretic apparatus include an electrophoretic assembly, a sampling assembly connected to the electrophoretic assembly, and/or a support structure connected to the electrophoretic assembly and/or to the sampling assembly. The system includes an isotachophoretic apparatus, and a controller communicatively coupled to the isotachophoretic apparatus. The controller includes a storage medium and a processor for executing computer readable and executable instructions.

Abstract: Provided is a solid state support structure including an aperture having a molecular entrance and a molecular exit. A first reservoir is in fluidic communication with the molecular entrance of the aperture and contains a molecule-bearing liquid solution. A second reservoir is in fluidic communication with the molecular exit of the aperture for containing a molecule-bearing liquid solution. A first liquid channel is connected to the first reservoir within less than about 300 microns of the aperture in the support structure and includes molecule-bearing liquid solution for delivery to the first reservoir. A second liquid channel is connected to the second reservoir for accepting molecule-bearing liquid solution from the second reservoir. An electrical connection between the first reservoir and the second reservoir imposes an electrical bias between the first reservoir and the second reservoir for driving the molecule-bearing liquid solution through the aperture in the solid state support structure.

Abstract: An integrated system for determining a hemostasis and oxygen transport parameter of a blood sample, such as blood, is disclosed. The system includes a measurement system, such as an ultrasonic sensor, configured to determine data characterizing the blood sample. For example, the data could be displacement of the blood sample in response to ultrasonic pulses. An integrated aspect of the system may be a common sensor, sample portion or data for fast and efficient determination of both parameters. The parameters can also be used to correct or improve measured parameters. For example, physiological adjustments may be applied to the hemostatic parameters using a HCT measurement. Also, physical adjustments may be applied, such as through calibration using a speed or attenuation of the sound pulse through or by the blood sample. These parameters may be displayed on a GUI to guide treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for the nondestructive testing of metal fusion welds at thin-walled pipes having a maximum wall thickness of 6 mm. It is formed with at least one test probe for the emission and detection of soundwaves as well as with at least one adjustment body which is composed of a material which is the same or a material having at least approximately the same acoustic properties as the respective pipe to be tested. The outline dimensions and the diameters/thicknesses of the adjustment body are at least approximately the same as those of the respective pipe to be tested. A plurality of blind bores each having different lengths/depths starting from their openings to their bases are formed in the adjustment body.

Abstract: A method and system for the ultrasonic non-destructive testing of joints in plastic pipesusing A-scans. Ahand-held ultrasonic transducer is used to perform an A-scan and a comparison made on a response from the interface region of the jointused to determine a quality of the joint. Levels of result can providea binary outputto give an indicationof whether or not a defect is present in thejoint. Comparison techniques are described. Tests for coupling efficiency and performance are described making the system useable by an unskilled technician.The system finds application in fault detection on electro-fusion welds in plastic pipe joints.

Abstract: A method of detecting a vibration node between a non-collocated sensor-actuator pair of a rotatable component includes applying an excitation signal to an actuator of the sensor actuator pair. The method also includes obtaining frequency response data from the sensor-actuator pair. The method further includes analyzing the frequency response data to ascertain a resonant frequency of the rotatable component. The method includes identifying a resonance/anti-resonance peak pair in the frequency response data for the non-collocated sensor-actuator pair. Furthermore, the method includes determining whether the vibration node is located between a sensor and the actuator of the non-collocated sensor-actuator pair based on the resonance/anti-resonance peak pair.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a signal processing apparatus includes a receiver, a time information generator, a processor, and a communicator. The receiver receives a voltage signal from a sensor that detects an elastic wave generated from a structure. The time information generator generates time information having a bit length based on a measurement continuing time period of the structure, a propagation velocity of the elastic wave, and a position identification accuracy of a generation source of the elastic wave. The processor generates detection information in which feature amount information that indicates a feature of the voltage signal and the time information that indicates a reception time of the voltage signal are in association with each other. The communicator transmits the detection information to a server.

Abstract: An method for analyzing a fluid comprises collecting a sample of the fluid and exposing the fluid sample to a light of a predetermined wavelength at a predetermined modulation frequency. An acoustic signal caused by the interaction of the light and the fluid sample is sensed, and the sensed acoustic signal is related to at least one component of the fluid.

Abstract: A couplant and an arrangement of a couplant include a transducer and a construction component. The couplant is adapted to couple the transducer to a surface of the construction component. The couplant comprises basically 15% to 75% mass portion of hard metal.

Abstract: Determining magnitude of a field variable of an energy wave through domain of interest, including steps of: defining plurality of master-particles spaced within domain, master-particles being representative of field variables of energy wave at location of respective master-particle, and defining supporting domain ?m for each master-particle; computing field variables including position, magnitude and direction of propagation of each master-particle at predetermined time; defining plurality of virtual-particles within domain representative of magnitude of field variable of wave at location of respective virtual-particle; calculating magnitude uv of field variable of each virtual-particle at time of interest by applying formula: u v = ? m = 1 N ? ? u m ? f ? ( q ? ? 1 ) × g ? ( q ? ? 2 ) Where ? ? v ? ? ? m where N is total number of master-particles, um is magnitude of respective master-particle, f(q1) is an envelope function relating magnitude of virtua

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a presence of at least one analyte in a gas sample. The apparatus comprises a pump for drawing a gas sample from an ambient air, a passage having first and second ends, a chamber connected to the first end and containing a concentrating element for collecting at least one analyte from the gas sample, a chromatographic separator connected to a second end of the passage, and a gas source for streaming a carrier gas via the chamber to transfer the at least one analyte toward at least one chemical detector, via the chromatographic separator, in a first direction. The pump draws the gas sample via the chamber in a second direction and the first and second directions are substantially opposing to one another.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a presence of at least one analyte in a gas sample. The apparatus comprises a pump for drawing a gas sample from an ambient air, a passage having first and second ends, a chamber connected to the first end and containing a concentrating element for collecting at least one analyte from the gas sample, a chromatographic separator connected to a second end of the passage, and a gas source for streaming a carrier gas via the chamber to transfer the at least one analyte toward at least one chemical detector, via the chromatographic separator, in a first direction. The pump draws the gas sample via the chamber in a second direction and the first and second directions are substantially opposing to one another.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a droplet receiver, comprising a receptacle for receiving a droplet, a fluid conduit connected at a first end thereof to the droplet receptacle thereby providing a course within which the droplet received in the droplet receptacle moves, the conduit at its distal end in communication with a reservoir,and a fluid layer wetting the internal walls of the receptacle and conduit in such a way as permit reception of the droplet without loss of the received droplet due to wetting of the internal receptacle and conduit walls.

Abstract: Certain configurations are provided herein of a trap that can be used with chromatography systems. In certain instances, the trap may be designed to remove substantially all oil in a sample comprising the oil and an analyte of interest. Methods using the gravity trap are also described.

Abstract: Systems and methods for pumping carbon dioxide in a chromatography system include an actuator that receives and compresses carbon dioxide at or above room temperature at a given pressure to put the carbon dioxide in or near supercritical form. This actuator can be a pre-pump disposed on the intake side of a pumping system. Alternatively, this actuator can be a primary actuator in the pumping system. The actuator includes an intake chamber that receives the carbon dioxide and a movable plunger extending into and closely received by the intake chamber. The plunger has a diameter and stroke length adapted to compress the carbon dioxide received by the intake chamber in sufficient volume at the given pressure to put the carbon dioxide in or near supercritical form at or above room temperature. A metered amount of the carbon dioxide in or near supercritical form can then be pumped.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sample dispatcher configured for individually introducing a plurality of portions of one or more sample fluids into a flow of a mobile phase of a separation system configured for separating compounds of the sample fluids. The separation system comprises a mobile phase drive configured for driving the mobile phase through a separation unit configured for separating compounds of the sample fluids in the mobile phase. The sample dispatcher comprises a plurality of sample reservoirs, each configured for receiving and temporarily storing a respective sample fluid portion or at least a part thereof. The sample dispatcher is configured for selectively coupling one of the plurality of sample reservoirs between the mobile phase drive and the separation unit, and further for coupling at least two of the plurality of sample reservoirs in parallel between the mobile phase drive and the separation unit.

Abstract: A rotary shear valve having a rotor device and a stator device both with planar faces. The stator face includes a central port located at a common rotational axis, a second port radially spaced a radius R1 from the central port, and a third port spaced at radius R2. The second and third ports are in general linear alignment with the central port. The rotor face includes a first rotor groove extending radially outward from the common rotational axis to a position at radius R2 from the central port. The rotor device is rotatably mounted to the stator device for rotation thereof about the axis, providing fluid-tight, selective relative rotation therebetween between two or more discrete rotor positions. When in a discrete first rotor position, the first rotor groove is oriented in radial alignment with, and fluidly connects, the central port and the second port with the third port.

Abstract: Provided are systems and methods for adapting to volume variations in microfluidic chromatography columns. A column is calibrated by comparing a parameter of the column with a same parameter of a reference column and generating, by a processor, an adjustment factor in response to the comparison between the parameter of the column with a same parameter of the reference column. Volume differences between the calibrated column and the reference column are compensated for by integrating the generated adjustment factor into a sample separation involving the calibrated column.

Abstract: A process is provided for determining the amount of phosphine gas in the atmosphere of an enclosed area that has been fumigated with phosphine (PH3). This process comprises: (A) sampling said atmosphere of said enclosed area to obtain a gaseous sample; (B) selectively removing water from said gaseous sample by passing said gaseous sample through an evaporation zone to obtain a dry sample, wherein said evaporation zone comprises a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octene-sulfonic acid; and (C) analyzing said per-evaporated sample in a detector to determine the amount of phosphine gas in said dry sample. The process allows for heretofore unattained capability of monitor measurements of phosphine gas (PH3) up to 1% (10,000 ppm).

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for verification of correct function of sampling equipment is disclosed, wherein said method comprises the steps of: a) providing a pump assembly (1) comprising an inlet (2) and an outlet (3), a flow channel (4) extending between said inlet (2) and outlet (3), a pump located along said flow channel (4) adapted to force an gas flow through said flow channel (4), a first mass flow sensor (6) located inside said flow channel (4), a first pressure sensor (7) located near said first mass flow sensor (6) adapted to measure a first pressure inside said flow channel (4), and a second pressure sensor (8) located outside said flow channel (4), said second pressure sensor (8) being adapted to measure a second pressure being the ambient atmospheric pressure, b) calculating the pressure difference between said first pressure and said second pressure c) calculating any error in an output signal from the mass flow meter by comparing said pressure difference with a value in a pre-calibrated t

Abstract: A measurement apparatus includes a plurality of modules and a main unit for collecting measurement data output from the modules. The housing of the main unit can be carried by a user of the measurement apparatus, and the plurality of modules are removably accommodated in the housing. A CAN I/F circuit of the main unit collects the measurement data output from the module accommodated in the housing. A main CPU of the main unit outputs the collected measurement data to, for example, a personal computer connected to the main unit. An internal memory and a USB memory connected to a USB memory module store the collected measurement data.

Abstract: An improved fruit tester and method provides a plunger intrusion-type mechanism, a precision scale and an associated computer for control of the mechanism and for recordation, presentation and analysis of data sensed by the mechanism. An electrically powered variable speed motor carries an optical encoder to sense rotary direction and speed data, which is transmitted through circuitry to an associated computer for analysis to determine control data to maintain pre-programmed motor function. Computer software determines plunger position and resultant penetration into a fruit at either pre-determined plunger speed or constant plunger resistive pressure in fine increments over the plunger trajectory and stores this data in computer memory. The precision scale is used to determine the weight of the fruit before and after the penetration tests and the difference in weight is used to automatically calculate the Specific juice Content (SJC) of the fruit.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method for controlling a disinfection status of a heater and/or cooler for human body temperature control during extracorporeal circulation. The temperature control is conducted by use of a heat exchanger and a temperature control liquid circulating through the heat exchanger and the heater and/or cooler. The inventive method comprises using a long term disinfectant in the temperature control liquid, measuring and preferably recording the concentration of the disinfectant in the temperature control liquid and deducing a disinfectant status of the temperature control liquid from the measured concentration of the disinfectant in the temperature control liquid.

Abstract: Provided are multi-parameter sonde systems having a unique form-factor, wherein the plurality of sensors are arranged in a tight-fit configuration. This provides a single distal sensing surface and minimal separation distance between adjacent sensors. The sensors may be pie shaped with an interlocking feature to tightly hold the sensors together, with a sensor guard disposed over the outer surface of the interlocked sensors. Sensor-guards disclosed herein may have an integrated sensor storage and sensor guard configuration, thereby avoiding a need for a separate storage cup and that are configured to minimize unwanted biological growth. Also provided are uniquely shaped individual sensors having interlocking features to hold several sensors together in a sonde.