Abstract: A centrifuge includes a rotor which accommodates a sample, a motor which rotationally drives the rotor and a chiller which cools a rotor chamber, and is provided with a transformer which has a plurality of secondary side taps, converts an AC voltage which is input from a primary side to a plurality of voltages, and outputs, and a voltage switching unit which is connected to the plurality of secondary side taps of the transformer, selects any one of outputs of the secondary side taps, and outputs to the chiller. The microcomputer controls the voltage switching unit corresponding to the power supply frequency which is determined using the output of the zero-crossing detection circuit, and supplies the desired driving voltage to the chiller.

Abstract: A full cone spray nozzle comprising: a nozzle body (1) having a liquid inlet (3) at its upstream end and a spray orifice (4) at its downstream end; a vane structure (2) of an axial direction length (W) and diameter (D) arranged with its outer circumferential surface in contact with the inside of the nozzle body (1); has a plurality of channel grooves (6) of width (T) and depth (H) at the outer circumferential surface of the vane structure (2); an upstream side projecting part (8) of a length (U) in the axial direction of the nozzle body (1) at an upstream side of the vane structure (2); a downstream side projecting part (9) of a length (P) in the axial direction of the nozzle body (1) at a downstream side of the vane structure (2); and a swirl flow chamber (5) of an axial direction length (L) which is a space formed by an inside wall surface of the nozzle body (1), the vane structure (2) and the spray orifice (4), wherein 0.25?T/D?0.30, 0.25?H/D?0.30, and 1.5?L/W?3.5 are satisfied.

Abstract: An airbrush having a nozzle (22) through which gas can flow, the end of the nozzle having an inclined surface (30). The apparatus also includes support means for a liquid source (28) which, in use, is directed towards the inclined surface of the nozzle.

Abstract: A multi-chambered bottle includes first and second chambers, a metering stage, a pour spout and a cap. The metering stage includes first and second metering stage sections connectable to respective mouths of the first and second chambers. Each metering stage section comprises a nozzle having a liquid inlet orifice and a liquid outlet orifice, and a vent tube having an air inlet orifice and an air outlet orifice at opposite ends of the vent tube, the air inlet orifice to be disposed outside of the respective chamber and the air outlet orifice to be disposed inside of the respective chamber, the vent tube disposed relative to the nozzle such that a line crossing a center of the air inlet orifice and a center of the liquid outlet orifice forms an acute angle with a normal axis of the bottle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dual air-chamber fully sealed piezoelectric nebulization module including a first casing, a second casing and a piezoelectric nebulization module, and the piezoelectric nebulization module is clamped between the casings by snapping and sealing to partition the internal space in the first casing and the second casing into two independent air chambers. In this design, a peripheral portion of the piezoelectric nebulization module is packaged to reduce the energy and vibration from being absorbed or inhibited during vibration and provides a space with good support and free vibration to enhance the nebulization efficiency. In addition, the design with the two independent air chambers can achieve the double-barrier sealing and isolating effect and reduce the chance of the piezoelectric nebulization module being corroded or damaged.

Abstract: An electronic spray device comprising a spray generator and a spray controller for providing a drive signal to the spray generator, wherein the spray generator includes a perforate membrane which vibrates ultrasonically in response to the drive signal, said vibration causing liquid droplets to be ejected from one side of the perforate membrane, wherein the spray controller is adapted to modulate the drive signal sent to the spray generator, wherein such modulation of the drive signal is arranged to set the mean power level supplied to the spray generator to a target level.

Abstract: A motorized viscous material dispenser, especially a caulking gun, comprises a motor (27), an operation parameter sensor (51), a data processing device (35), a memory device (37), and at least one operator activated switch (7, 10). The dispenser has a first dispensing mode in which the data processing device (53) records operation parameter values read by the operation parameter sensor (51), when a switch (7) is activated by an operator, and stores at least one operation parameter value in the memory device (37), the motor (27) being activated in accordance with the activation of said switch (7), and a second dispensing mode in which the data processing device (35) activates the motor (27) in accordance with the operation parameter values stored in the memory device (37) when a switch (7) is activated by an operator.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a spline telescopic shaft, includes a sliding step of sliding in an axial direction an inner shaft manufacturing intermediate member and an outer shaft manufacturing intermediate member, in one of which a resin coating is disposed on splines. In the sliding step, a sliding load of the inner shaft manufacturing intermediate member and the outer shaft manufacturing intermediate member is detected, and sliding is ended at a timing when the detected sliding load reaches a threshold load which is determined based on an initial sliding load detected at a start of the sliding.

Abstract: A method for producing an aircraft structure component is disclosed the component having an outer skin provided with a smooth outer surface. The method includes providing an aircraft structure component having an outer skin including at least one recess, detecting the location of said at least one recess by a recess detecting device, and filling said at least one recess at the detected location with particles of a filling material, said particles of filling material being applied into said at least one recess by an ink jet printing device.

Abstract: A method for depositing a layer of silicon nanocrystals upon the inside surface of hollow fibers is disclosed. In particular, the method includes inserting a hollow glass fiber into a solution of hydrogen silsesquioxane, removing the solvent and heating the hollow glass fiber to a temperature suitable to form silicon nanocrystals, and subsequently cooling the hollow glass fiber.

Abstract: An ultrasound transducer and an ultrasound imaging system including an acoustic layer with a plurality of transducer elements and a dematching layer coupled to the acoustic layer. The dematching layer has an acoustic impedance greater than the acoustic layer and the dematching layer has a thickness that varies in order to alter a bandwidth of the ultrasound probe.

Abstract: A separating device for separating a crop from a mixture with admixtures has a drop stage and a conveying device supplying the mixture in a conveyed stream to the drop stage. An air stream is supplied to the drop stage, wherein the mixture is falling in the drop stage and is affected by the air stream, wherein the drop stage effects loosening of the mixture. A retaining element is arranged downstream of the drop stage so as to face the mixture falling in the drop stage. The air stream interacts with the retaining element. Downstream of the retaining element the crop and solid bodies separated from the mixture are transported farther as separated individual parts in substantially opposite conveying directions. A diverting device is provided that can at least partially divert the conveyed stream upstream of the retaining element.

Abstract: A conveyor assembly insertable within a conveying system including a low friction conveying surface having both forward and lateral conveying forces for moving articles toward a parallel lateral sidewall and a downstream conveyor. A first diverging sidewall gradually converges parcels toward the center of the conveyor. An inwardly directed offset extends from a first diverging sidewall to a second lateral sidewall for shifting parcels inwardly toward a second lateral sidewall. A raised high friction conveying surface or rail belt extends along an outer edge of the low friction conveyor. At least a portion of the high friction belt is raised above the surface of the adjacent conveying surface in flow communication with the low friction conveying surface. Parcels contacting the high friction belt are prevented from shifting over toward the sidewall and parcels having a center of gravity outside the tipover point fall over the belt onto a recirculation conveyor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rejecter for a product sorting system comprising at least two different co-located rejection means wherein each rejection means is independently activatable to deflect a product from a sorting stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cleaning device (1) for an atomizer (2) having a specified outer contour, in particular for cleaning a rotary atomizer (2), comprising at least one cleaning brush (5) for cleaning the atomizer (2), wherein the cleaning brush (5) has a specified brush contour. According to the invention, the brush contour of the cleaning brush (5) is adapted to the outer contour of the atomizer (2) so that the cleaning brush (5) nestles up against the atomizer (2). The invention further relates to a corresponding cleaning brush (5) and to a suitable cleaning method.

Abstract: A liquid processing apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a substrate holding unit configured to be rotated and hold a substrate from a bottom side thereof with substrate being spaced apart horizontally, a rotation driving unit configured to rotate the substrate holding unit, and an air supply unit provided above the substrate and configured to supply air toward the substrate held by the substrate holding unit. The liquid processing apparatus also includes an air supply path including a suction port that inhales the air supplied from the air supply unit and supplies the air inhaled from the suction port to a space formed between the substrate holding unit and a bottom surface of the substrate held by the substrate holding unit.

Abstract: A system and method for uniformly applying a wetting agent to a treatment surface. The method involves providing a reservoir for the wetting agent that is maintained at ambient pressure. The wetting agent is pumped away from the reservoir by an electrically driven suction pump to a nebulizing nozzle. A spray of droplets of the pumped wetting agent is created by passing through the nebulizing nozzle. The spray of droplets is uniformly applied to the treatment surface. In one embodiment, the wetting agent is a formwork fluid and the treatment surface is a concrete formwork. In another embodiment, the wetting agent is an asbestos dampener and the treatment surface is an asbestos containing material.

Abstract: A dry type cleaning housing which causes a cleaning medium to fly with an air flow and places the cleaning medium on a cleaning object to clean the cleaning object is disclosed. The dry type cleaning housing includes an inner space which causes the cleaning medium to fly; an opening which abuts the cleaning medium against the cleaning object to collide the cleaning medium with the cleaning object; a ventilation path which passes air from outside into the inner space; a suction opening which suctions the air introduced into the inner space via the ventilation path to generate a revolving air flow in the inner space; a porous unit which passes removed matter removed from the cleaning object to the suction opening side; and a revolving air flow adjusting unit which arbitrarily reduces or stops the revolving air flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for cleaning contaminants on a contact portion of an electromagnetic contactor, and more particularly, a device for cleaning contaminants on a contact portion of an electromagnetic contactor in which a magnetic force the acting direction of which is changed in time is generated to the outside of the electromagnetic contactor for cleaning contaminants generated at a contact portion thereof with an arc extinguishing method, thereby effectively and broadly performing the cleaning of contaminants.

Abstract: A substrate treatment plant includes a process chamber delimited by chamber walls and in the process chamber a substrate conveying unit for the horizontal conveyance of slab-shaped substrates in one conveying plane and in one conveying direction. The substrate conveying unit includes an arrangement of rotatably mounted, cylindrical conveying rollers transversely arranged to the conveying direction, the topmost generatrices of the conveying rollers defining the conveying plane, and at least one substrate treatment unit, which is located above the conveying plane, and at least one gas inlet. In the region of the substrate treatment unit at least one additional heating unit is located below the conveying plane and a condensation unit is located under the substrate conveying unit.

Abstract: A composition for treating a water system to remove scale, microorganisms and biofilm, and corrosion by-products. The composition comprises chelating agents and a surfactant. Depending on the water system being treated, the composition may be a solid dissolved by water in the system being treated or may be a pre-mixed foam or aerosol. A treatment system particularly suitable for flowing water systems comprises a container for holding such a treatment composition and mixing it with a portion of water from the water system, a filter for removing solids dislodged during treatment, and a corrosion monitor. A method for using such a treatment composition comprises draining substantially all existing water in the water system, filling or rinsing the system with fresh water, contacting the treatment composition with substantially all parts of the water system, and draining the treatment composition from the system before resuming normal operations.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions of matter comprising at least one anaerobic degrading microorganism, particulate active carbon and a polymeric solid support wherein the anaerobic degrading microorganism and particulate active carbon are entrapped in the polymeric support and processes for preparing the same. The disclosed compositions of matter are used in processes of anaerobic degradation of waste materials resulting in high yields of biogas production.

Abstract: A roll forming device, for roll forming for the purpose of manufacturing shaped steel the cross-sectional shape of which varies in the longitudinal direction, is equipped with: first die rolls having an annular ridge part the cross-sectional shape of which varies in the circumferential direction; second die rolls having an annular groove part the cross-sectional shape of which varies in the circumferential direction; and a drive device for the first die rolls and the second die rolls. A gap is provided at the side surfaces of the annular ridge part of the first die rolls, across the entire circumference in the circumferential direction, such that the gap with respect to the side surfaces of the annual groove parts of the second die rolls widens inward in the radial direction.

Abstract: A hot-pressing die and a method for manufacturing the hot-pressing die are disclosed. The die which presses and cools a heated workpiece at the same time to form a product with a hat-shape includes a lower die and an upper die. The lower die has a protrusion which protrudes from the forming surface thereof, and the upper die has a recess corresponding to the protrusion. The lower die is modified into a modified lower die by forming, on the forming surface of the protruding end of the protrusion, a buildup part with a convex shape to gradually change in position in the protruding direction of the protrusion toward the middle thereof.

Abstract: A press forming apparatus (1a) consecutively carries out: a first step of pushing a flat plate-shaped workpiece into a die (14) by a forming punch (11), to form the workpiece into a cup-shaped workpiece (B); a second step of making the cup-shaped workpiece (B) move relatively to a position where a space (S2) is formed between a cup bottom part (B2) and the forming punch (11) by a holding down member (12) abutting on an end part of a cup vertical wall part (B1); and a third step of making a counter punch (13) approach the forming punch (11), to push a cup bottom part (B2) to a forming punch (11) side so that the cup bottom part (B2) is compressed by the forming punch (11) and the counter punch (13), making a material of the cup vertical wall part (B1) flow to a cup shoulder part (B3), thereby to thicken the cup shoulder part (B3).

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention there is provided a method of making a metal part assembly, the method comprising: —providing a first metal part and a second metal part wherein at least one of the first and second metal part comprises a metal panel; —providing an adhesive sheet having a first portion near a first end of the adhesive sheet and a second portion near a second end opposite to the first end of the adhesive sheet, the adhesive sheet comprising a thermosettable composition that comprises a mixture of a first and second epoxy compound and an epoxy curing agent, wherein the first epoxy compound has a weight average molecular weight of at least 1000 g/mol and has an amount of epoxy groups of between 5 and 10 mole % and the second epoxy compound has a weight average molecular weight of not more than 400 g/mol and wherein the weight ratio of first to second epoxy compound is between 0.

Abstract: A method is provided for making a synthetic jet ejector.

Abstract: A method for roll-forming a tubular member is provided. The method includes providing a roll-forming machine having a pair of rollers and a forming roller adjacent the pair of rollers. Further, cutting a strip of sheet metal to form a segment having free leading and trailing ends extending between a predetermined length; feeding the segment between the pair rollers; calculating the thickness of the segment via feedback from the pair of rollers; automatically adjusting the position of the forming roller in response to the determined thickness of the segment; advancing the segment between the pair of rollers and against the forming roller to form an annulus; and forming a weld joint between the free ends.

Abstract: The present invention relates to wire bending system for a hand tool for forming a controlled bend in a wire. The tool has a wire bending system engaged with a hand tool. The wire bending or shaping system may be open or enclosed, and optionally permits bending in a direction that is perpendicular or coaxial to an axis of a hand tool. The wire bending system may be at either side of the hand tool. A pin may be used to additionally aid bending. The hand tool is provided with a plurality of first and second operably engaged housings for securing a number of tool bits members.

Abstract: An apparatus to feed metal products to a work machine comprising a plurality of feed heads disposed upstream of the work machine, each of which supporting the metal products, and at least one of which being configured to retain at least two metal products and render them selectively available to the work machine. The apparatus comprises a drawing unit interposed between the feed heads and the work machine, the drawing unit being configured to assume at least a first operating condition not interfering with the metal products, and a second operating condition in which it is positioned during use in axis with the work axis of the work machine and is configured to pick up from the feed head at least one of the metal products chosen from among the at least two metal products retained by the specific feed head and to feed it to the work machine in a direction of feed.

Abstract: A net is particularly suitable for a basket for pisciculture, which may be placed in sea or fresh water. The net is made of a wire material, producible from individual spiral or similarly bent longitudinal elements, wherein adjacent threads are woven together. The net is simple and economical to produce, for example, by threading each longitudinal element into engagement with another longitudinal element while it has a shape of a spiral or screw to thereby provide it with a cylindrical form, and compressing each longitudinal element, when having the cylindrical form and after being threaded into engagement with the another longitudinal element, to provide the longitudinal element with substantially straight wire sections. The threading and compression steps are repeated to form a net after compression of several longitudinal elements threaded to one another.

Abstract: A device and methods are provided for deep rolling. In one embodiment, a deep rolling tool for applying compressive stress with rolling elements includes a flexible fork having a base section and a plurality of fork arms and a plurality of rolling elements, wherein each rolling element is mounted to a fork arm with eccentric roller bushings, wherein each rolling element is mounted at the distal end of a fork arm, and wherein the rolling elements are configured to apply a compressive stress to articles received by the deep rolling tool.

Abstract: A method for producing a hollow metal part by casting, wherein a destructible core (20) is provided including a body (22) made of aggregate, and a shell (40) which surrounds the body and adheres thereto; the core (20) is positioned inside a mold (50); metal is melted and the liquid metal is injected, generally under pressure, into the mold (50), surrounding the core (20) embodying an interior space of the part; after solidification of the part, the body is disaggregated and it is removed through removal openings provided in the shell and the part; and the shell is destroyed and removed through removal openings provided in the part.

Abstract: A die casting and a method for die casting a metal having a melting temperature of at least 1500° F. (815° C.) are disclosed. A molten volume of metal is injected to a casting die which includes a main cavity corresponding to an as-cast structure, a first reservoir, and a first runner arrangement. The first runner arrangement is configured to fluidly communicate molten metal between the first reservoir and the main cavity. After the injecting step, the casting die is sealed. The injected molten volume of metal is equiaxially solidified generally from a first portion of the main cavity distal to the first reservoir toward a second portion of the main cavity proximal to the first reservoir. During the equiaxial solidifying step, the main cavity is backfilled with at least a portion of the injected molten volume via the first runner arrangement.

Abstract: Provided is a bushing device capable of improving a tight-fitting structure in which a bushing is tightly pushed into a water-communicating hole. A bushing collar is placed between the bushing and an inner wall of the water-communicating hole. An outer surface of the bushing is tapered, and an inner surface of the bushing collar is tapered in accordance with the outer surface of the bushing. When the bushing is secured to the water-communicating hole, the bushing collar is tightly fit into the water-communicating hole as a result of the wedge-shaped effect exerted between the tapered surfaces of the bushing and the bushing collar. Since the tapered surface of the bushing and the bushing collar are tightly fit, it is possible to significantly improve a heat-conductive efficiency between the bushing and the bushing collar, and reducing procedures needed to exchange casings with a good usability.

Abstract: A wear resistant casting and method of fabrication thereof, the casting comprising inserts embedded in a matrix; each insert having a form such that a ratio A/B in any mutually perpendicular section that passes through the center of mass of the insert is comprised between 0.4 and 2.5, and a distance C between two insert is at least two times smaller that a width thereof; the inserts forming at least one grid.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing castings are described. The method can include heating a ceramic mold having a gate inlet, and melting a metallic composition. The method can also include presenting the ceramic mold to a casting station such that the gate inlet is in fluid communication with the molten metallic composition, and casting against gravity the molten metallic composition into the heated mold through the gate inlet. Furthermore, the method can include rotating the mold to position with the gate inlet in an upward direction while the metallic composition is at least partially molten within the mold, and quenching the molten metallic composition in a liquid quench medium to solidify the molten metallic composition within the mold.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a replacement body for a component is provided. The method includes the steps of: a) additively manufacturing a crucible for casting of the replacement body; b) solidifying a metal material within the crucible to form a directionally solidified microstructure within the replacement body; and c) removing the crucible to reveal the directionally solidified replacement body.

Abstract: Various methods of treating a chromium iron interconnect for a solid oxide fuel cell stack and coating the interconnect with a ceramic layer are provided.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus releasably fixes functional elements, particularly a tool holder (1) on a tool disk (3), about one fixing axis (5). These two functional components each have a bearing surface (7, 9) for bearing mutually against one another, and at least one fixing element (11, 13). The fixing element (13) has two fixing bodies (19) connected in a positionally unchangeable manner to the associated functional component on both sides of the fixing axis (5) and at a spacing from one another. Each fixing body (19) forms a fixing surface (25) extending transversely with respect to the fixing axis (5). The fixing surfaces (25) can both be placed from the same side against an associated positioning surface (17) and are situated as fixing elements (11) on the other functional component at a spacing from one another.

Abstract: A clamping device for clamping a work piece includes a chuck, a collet positioned inside the chuck, and a bayonet fastener operatively arranged so that the collet is fastenable in the chuck and is removable from the chuck solely by manual operation of the bayonet fastener without the use of auxiliary tools.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a body and a hard coating layer coating the cutting tool body. In the surface-coated cutting tool, the (Ti1-XAlX)(CYN1-Y) layer with a cubic crystal structure (X and Y are atomic ratio, and satisfy 0.60?X?0.90 and 0.0005?Y?0.005, respectively) is vapor-deposited on the body by a chemical vapor deposition method. The Al content XL is 0.55?XL?0.70, and the grain size DL is 0.1 ?m or less in the (Ti1-XAlX)(CYN1-Y) layer near the interface between the body and the complex carbonitride layer. The Al content XH 0.80?XH?0.95 and the average grain size DH is 0.5 ?m to 2 ?m in the (Ti1-XAlX)(CYN1-Y) layer near the outer surface side. Furthermore, the Al content ratio and the grain size in the (Ti1-XAlX)(CYN1-Y) layer gradually increase to the outer surface side.

Abstract: A face cutter for machining fiber-reinforced materials such as carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics, glass-fiber-reinforced plastics or plastics reinforced with polyester threads is provided which includes main flutes which form with trailing premachining lands cutting wedges with premachining cutting edges, and auxiliary flutes, the number of which corresponds to a number of the main flutes, each trail one of the main flutes in the peripheral sense, each distance in the peripheral sense a postmachining land from the premachining land leading in the peripheral sense, and form with the postmachining land a cutting wedge with a postmachining cutting edge.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method and/or system may include a reciprocating saw system. The reciprocating saw system may include a housing and a reciprocating blade. The system may include an elongated member. When activated the elongated member may move from a first position to a second position such that a workpiece is positioned adjacent at least a portion of the housing and the reciprocating blade. The system may include a tension mechanism coupled to the elongated member. When the tension mechanism is activated the elongated member may move from the first position to the second position. In some embodiments, the system may include an engaging mechanism. The engaging mechanism, when activated, releases a first stop positioned distally on the housing. In some embodiments, when the first stop is released, when a tensile force is applied to the conveyor, the conveyor moves proximally moving the elongated member to the second position.

Abstract: A reactive-species supply device is configured to supply a treatment gas to an electric discharge space that is formed by at least one pair of electrodes, for thereby supplying at least a reactive species formed in a plasma, to an object through a reactive-species output port. The reactive-species supply device includes (a) a reactive-species outlet passage disposed between the electric discharge space and the reactive-species output port and (b) an earth ground member disposed in a portion of the reactive-species outlet passage. The portion of the reactive-species outlet passage is distant, by a given distance, from the reactive-species output port. Also disclosed is a surface treatment apparatus that includes the reactive-species supply device.

Abstract: An electrical discharge machine including a lower support part (2) provided to a tilt shaft (4) rotatable and extending horizontally and an upper support part (3) provided to a forward/backward shaft (5) extending parallel to the tilt shaft (4) from a support column (42) provided vertically to the tilt shaft (4) and movable forward and backward in the extending direction. The lower support part (2) includes a lower guide roller (21) that rotates in a tilting plane in which the tilt shaft (4), the support column (42), and the forward/backward shaft (5) lie, the upper support part (5) includes an upper guide roller (31) that rotates in the tilting plane in which the tilt shaft (4), the support column (42), and the forward/backward shaft (5) lie, and a wire electrode (1) is suspended around the upper guide roller (31) and the lower guide roller (21).

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlled and precise EDM manufacturing of a component are disclosed.

Abstract: Components, such as turbine blades or vanes, are formed to a desired shape and dimensions by ablation machining a work piece surface. Recast layer material created on the work piece surface during the ablation machining is subsequently removed by fluoride ion cleaning (FIC). Exemplary ablation machining methods include laser machining and electric discharge machining (EDM). The work piece material may include superalloys commonly used for fabrication of turbine blades or vanes, which are susceptible to recast layer formation during EDM or laser machining. Post ablation FIC recast layer removal is easier than known methods, such as mechanical grinding, secondary EDM machining of the layer at lower speeds and/or current intensity, or chemical etching processes. Ablation machining processes can be optimized for speed and efficiency without regard for recast layer avoidance, with knowledge that the recast layer will be subsequently removed by the complimentary FIC process.

Abstract: An automatic fluxing machine is provided and includes a dispensing section including a surface having through holes formed therein through which flux material is dispensable toward a braze joint and a plugging section disposed below the braze joint to prevent downward flow of dispensed flux material.

Abstract: An exothermic cutting rod that comprises a tube and a plurality of wires. The wires may be cored wires that comprise various mixtures of powdered metals and other additives. The cored wires may be disposed within the inner circumference of the tube. The wires filled with powdered metals may allow the manufacturer to more quickly adjust the mixture ratios and develop a combination that has better performance characteristics, such as a reduced requirement of pure or substantially pure oxygen, or compressed gas.