Abstract: An image sensing device includes a ramp voltage generation block suitable for generating a ramp voltage adjusted by a predetermined voltage in each predetermined cycle, based on a bias signal and a plurality of first ramp control signals; and a ramp voltage correction block suitable for correcting the ramp voltage in each predetermined cycle based on the bias signal and at least one second ramp control signal.

Abstract: An M2 value beam profiling apparatus and method is described. The M2 value beam profiler comprises an optical axis defined by a focussing lens assembly and a detector, wherein the focussing lens acts to create an artificial waist within an optical field propagating along the optical axis. The beam profiler also comprises a multiple blade assembly having a first set of blades located at an artificial waist position and a second set of blades longitudinally separated along the optical axis from the artificial waist position. The multiple blade assembly therefore provides a means for selectively passing the blades through the location of the optical axis. Employing these measured widths allows for the M2 value of the optical field to be determined.

Abstract: A sequential inductively coupled plasma (ICP) optical emission spectrometer includes a controller that operates to perform a series of process based on a shift amount (time dependency) of a wavelength peak position according to time elapse of a reference wavelength obtained as a result of continuously measuring a plurality of emission lines of argon having different wavelengths as the reference wavelength and a per-wavelength shift amount (wavelength dependency) of the reference wavelength, the process including: calculating a shift amount of a wavelength peak position of each measurement wavelength from a standard sample measurement time to an unknown sample measurement time; and performing measurement wavelength correction for correcting the movement position of the diffracting grating corresponding to the wavelength peak position of the measurement wavelength relative to the initial position.

Abstract: A compact spectrometer is disclosed that is suitable for use in mobile devices such as cellular telephones. In preferred embodiments, the spectrometer comprises a filter, at least one Fourier transform focusing element, a micro-lens array, and a detector, but does not use any dispersive elements. Methods for using the spectrometer as an end-user device for performing on site determinations of food quality, in particular, by comparison with an updatable database accessible by all users of the device, are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system and method to improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of optical spectrometers that are limited by nonrandom or fixed pattern noise. A signal from a sample is collected using a short test exposure, a total observation time to maximize SNR is calculated, and the total observation time is achieved by averaging multiple exposures whose time is selected based on the time dependent noise structure of the detector. Moreover, with a priori knowledge of the time dependent noise structure of the spectrometer, this method is easily automatable and can maximize SNR for a spectrum of an unknown compound without any user input.

Abstract: A dual-band infrared detector is provided. The dual-band infrared detector includes a first absorption layer sensitive to radiation in only a short wavelength infrared spectral band, a plurality of barrier layers coupled to the first absorption layer, and a second absorption layer coupled to the plurality of barrier layers opposite the first absorption layer. The second absorption layer is sensitive to radiation in only a medium wavelength infrared spectral band, and the first and second absorption layers are formed from materials having a lattice parameter mismatch less than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring fluorescence of a sample is described. An apparatus includes three or more fluorescence channels passing through a sample site. The three or more fluorescence channels allow for exposing a sample at the sample site to light from three or more light sources, which results in fluorescence measurements based on emissions from the sample in response to the three or more light sources.

Abstract: Current apparatuses and methods for analysis of spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (SOCT) signals suffer from an inherent tradeoff between time (depth) and frequency (wavelength) resolution. In one non-limiting embodiment, multiple or dual window (DW) apparatuses and methods for reconstructing time-frequency distributions (TFDs) that applies two windows that independently determine the optical and temporal resolution is provided. For example, optical resolution is provided. For example, optical resolution may relate to scattering information about a sample, and temporal resolution may be related to absorption or depth related information. The effectiveness of the apparatuses and methods is demonstrated in simulations and in processing of measured OCT signals that contain fields which vary in time and frequency. The DW technique may yield TFDs that maintain high spectral and temporal resolution and are free from the artifacts and limitations commonly observed with other processing methods.

Abstract: A bolometer is described. A bolometer includes a superconductor-insulator-semiconductor-superconductor structure or a superconductor-insulator-semiconductor-insulator-superconductor structure. The semiconductor comprises an electron gas in a layer of silicon, germanium or silicon-germanium alloy in which valley degeneracy is at least partially lifted. The insulator or a one or both of the insulators may comprise a layer of dielectric material. The insulator or a one or both of the insulators may comprise a layer of non-degenerately doped semiconductor.

Abstract: A temperature measurement appliance for contactless temperature measurement, in particular a handheld temperature measurement appliance, includes a housing and at least one sensor that is disposed on the housing. The at least one sensor is configured to measure one or more of a relative air humidity and an ambient temperature. The temperature measurement appliance further includes at least one protective cap that is configured to be reversibly arranged on the temperature measurement appliance so as to mechanically protect the at least one sensor. The temperature measurement appliance further includes one or more features arranged on the temperature measurement appliance that are configured to detect an arranged state of the at least one protective cap. A method for operating the temperature measurement appliance includes detecting the arranged state of the protective cap on the temperature measurement appliance.

Abstract: An infrared sensor for detecting infrared light rays of a specific wavelength is disclosed. The infrared sensor includes a package and an infrared detecting element formed on the package. The infrared detecting element includes a thermal detector and an absorber formed on the thermal detector to absorb infrared light rays of a specific wavelength. The infrared light rays of the specific wavelength are detected by the conversion of the infrared light rays into heat. A cap formed on the package is provided to cover the infrared detecting element. The cap includes a body having a front and rear surfaces, through which the infrared light rays transmit and a shielding film formed on at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the body to define a window. The infrared light rays are reflected on the shielding film except for the window. Every one of the infrared light rays passing through the window of the cap impinge on the absorber.

Abstract: A sensitive and practicable temperature control material which precisely or determinably detects whether the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature by electrical change from a conductive state to an insulated or lower-conductive state has excellent time stability, chemical stability, durability, and weather resistance. The temperature control material includes a heat-melt substance which melts by heat at a melting point according to temperature being detected, and a conductive paste which includes conductive powder. The temperature control material is in a conductive state by the conductive paste. The heat-melt substance is kept away from the conductive paste through a porous material and the temperature control material changes to be in an insulated or lower-conductive states. The heat-melt substance penetrates the porous material to irreversibly permeate and/or disperse into the conductive paste on a heat-melt state thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a temperature sensor system comprising a first ceramic housing part comprising a sleeve-shaped lower part with a first lower end having a first opening, and a second upper end having a second opening, and an upper part connected to the second upper end. The temperature sensor system further comprises a temperature probe element which is at least partially arranged in the lower part and which has a ceramic sensor element housing, a sensor element arranged in the sensor element housing, and electrical supply lines. The sensor element housing is at least partially arranged in the first opening. The ceramic sensor element housing has a higher thermal conductivity than the first ceramic housing part. Also disclosed is a method for producing a temperature sensor system.

Abstract: A temperature sensor arrangement in an integrated circuit (IC) includes a sensor array configured to determine a temperature of the IC. The sensor array includes a first transistor having a first terminal, a second terminal and a gate. The temperature sensor array further includes a guard ring region between the sensor array and another circuit of the IC. The guard ring region includes a transistor structure having a first terminal, a second terminal and a gate. The temperature sensor arrangement further includes a thermally conductive element connected to the transistor structure and a first terminal of the first transistor. The thermally conductive element is configured to provide a thermally conductive path from the transistor structure to the first terminal of the first transistor.

Abstract: A temperature sensor is provided that includes a pair of lead frames; a sensor portion connected to the pair of lead frames; and an insulating holding portion fixed to the pair of lead frames for holding the same. The sensor portion includes an insulating film, a thin film thermistor portion patterned on a surface of the insulating film, a pair of comb shaped electrodes having a plurality of comb portions on the thin film thermistor portion and being patterned, and a pair of pattern electrodes patterned on the surface of the insulating film with one end thereof being connected to the pair of comb shaped electrodes and the other end thereof being connected to the pair of lead frames. The lead frame has a main lead portion and a base-end-side bonding portion. Only one of the pair of lead frames has a front-end-side bonding portion.

Abstract: A sensing element integrated in a semiconductor material chip has a sensing diode of a junction type configured to be reverse biased so that its junction capacitance is sensitive to the local temperature. A reading stage is coupled to the sensing element for detecting variations of the junction capacitance of the sensing diode and outputting a reading acquisition signal proportional to the local temperature of the sensing diode. The sensing diode has a cathode terminal coupled to a biasing node and an anode terminal coupled to a first input of the reading stage. The biasing node receives a voltage positive with respect to the first input of the reading stage for keeping the sensing diode reverse biased.

Abstract: A temperature measurement is performed using a sensor cable. The measuring arrangement has a first signal conductor, a feed unit for feeding a measurement signal into the signal conductor, and an analyzing unit which ascertains and analyzes a change in the signal transit time of the measurement signal as a result of a temperature-induced change in a first temperature-dependent dielectric constant and is configured to derive a temperature signal from the ascertained signal transit time. The first signal conductor together with a second signal conductor forms the sensor cable, and each of the two signal conductors is surrounded by an insulation which is made of a first material that has a first dielectric constant in the first signal conductor and which is made of a second material that is different from the first material and has a second dielectric constant in the case of the second signal conductor.

Abstract: A device and method for measuring the temperature of a battery located within a seismic node is disclosed herein. The device comprising a geophone, having a coil configured to generate an electrical signal in response to a seismic vibration; a circuit configured to measure a value of an electrical property of the coil; a nontransitory storage medium storing program code, configured to convert the electrical property to a temperature.

Abstract: A multilayer structure for a garment, optionally footwear, includes a flexible substrate film for accommodating electronics, a number of flexible sensor pads provided on the film utilizing printed electronics technology, optionally screen printing or ink jetting, at least one electronic circuit, preferably integrated circuit, further provided on the film for controlling capacitive measurements via the number of sensor pads for obtaining an indication of pressure subjected to the multilayer structure, a number of conductor traces further printed on the film for electrically connecting the at least one electronic circuit and the number of capacitive sensor pads, a power supply element for powering electricity-driven components including the at least one electronic circuit, and at least one plastic layer molded upon the film substantially embedding the number of sensor pads, conductor traces and the at least one electronic circuit therewithin. A related method of manufacture is presented.

Abstract: The invention relates to a piezoelectric force sensor (1) comprising a housing (10) having at least one piezoelectric body (11) and an electrode (12) electrically connected to said body (11), wherein a connection device (13) for forwarding measurement signals having a contact pin (131) is fastened or molded on the housing (10). The contact pin (131) is connected to the electrode (12) in an electrically conductive manner. According to the invention, a helical compression spring (14) is electrically conductively connected to the contact pin (131) as an electrical connection within the piezoelectric force sensor (1).

Abstract: A printed stretchable strain sensor comprises a seamless elastomeric body and a strain-sensitive conductive structure embedded in the seamless elastomeric body. The strain-sensitive conductive structure comprises one or more conductive filaments arranged in a continuous pattern. A method of printing a stretchable strain sensor comprises depositing one or more conductive filaments in a predetermined continuous pattern into or onto a support matrix. After the depositing, the support matrix is cured to embed a strain-sensitive conductive structure in a seamless elastomeric body.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a helmet testing system includes a sled adapted to support a bullet dummy, a track along which the sled can travel, a target dummy support apparatus adapted to support a target dummy at a point near an end of the track, and an impact cushion positioned at the end of the track that is adapted to halt forward motion of the sled along the track to enable the bullet dummy to be launched from the sled and into the target dummy.

Abstract: An in-line process fluid pressure transmitter is provided. The transmitter includes a process fluid connector configured to couple to a source of process fluid. A plug is coupled to the process fluid connector and has a passageway configured to convey fluid to a distal end of the plug. A pressure sensor subassembly is coupled to the plug at a weld. The pressure sensor subassembly has a pressure sensor operably coupled to the distal end of the passageway such that the pressure sensor reacts to process fluid pressure. The plug includes a sidewall encircling the weld. Transmitter electronics are coupled to the pressure sensor and configured to measure an electrical characteristic of the pressure sensor and provide a process fluid pressure value based on the measured electrical characteristic.

Abstract: A pressure sensor comprises a deformable membrane deflecting in response to pressure applied, a first stationary electrode, and a second electrode coupled to the deformable membrane, for determining a change in a capacitance between the first and the second electrode in response to the pressure applied. At least one of the first and the second electrode comprises a getter material for collecting gas molecules.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a noise signal includes receiving, via a local engine control unit (ECU), a noise signal sensed by a knock sensor disposed in a reciprocating device. The method further includes processing the noise signal via at least one of the local ECU, a remote ECU, or an external system. The processing includes preconditioning the noise signal to derive a preconditioned noise signal, and applying an ADSR envelope to the preconditioned noise signal. The processing additionally includes extracting tonal information from the preconditioned noise signal and creating a fingerprint of the noise signal based on the ADSR envelope, the tonal information, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A weight applicator system includes a shaft, an applicator assembly, and a weight feed assembly. The shaft defines a length between a proximal end and a distal end configured to support a wheel-tire assembly for common rotation about a longitudinal axis of the shaft. The applicator assembly is supported by the shaft and includes a base portion disposed upon the shaft and operable to translate axially along the length of the shaft, a radial portion connected to the base portion and operable to radially move relative to the base portion between a retracted position and an extended position; and a pressure roller rotatably supported by the radial portion about an axis of rotation. The weight feed assembly is operable to feed a prescribed length of weighted material to the pressure roller.

Abstract: The present invention reduces production costs associated with a device that uses results of detection by a plurality of vibration detectors to detect a leakage position in a pipe. A first time difference calculation unit 114 calculates a time difference ?t1 between the timing of detection of vibration that indicates the first vibration mode of a pipe P and the timing of detection of vibration that indicates a second vibration mode of the pipe P by processing a result of a measurement made by a first vibration detection unit 112. A second time difference calculation unit 124 calculates a time difference ?t2 between the timing of detection of vibration that indicates the first vibration mode of the pipe P and the timing of detection of vibration that indicates the second vibration mode of the pipe P by processing a result of a measurement made by a second vibration detection unit 122.

Abstract: A detecting element is provided for detecting leaks of an electrically nonconductive liquid, in particular of hydrocarbons, as well as a detection cable and a detection system using such a detecting element. The detecting element includes a detection member made of a material which inflates upon contact with the liquid and which is loaded with electrically conductive particles, to be conductive when not contaminated by the liquid, and to lose the conductivity when inflating from contact with the liquid. The detection member is electrically connected to an electronic management module, which is arranged for detecting the presence of the liquid by noticing a decrease in the conductivity of the detection member.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) for testing suction cups (138) mounted on a track (162) is disclosed. The apparatus (100) comprises a base (102) comprising a first surface (104) and a second surface (106) opposite the first surface (104). The apparatus further comprises ports (108) penetrating the base (102) from the first surface (104) to the second surface (106) and vacuum sensors (112) pneumatically coupled to the ports (108). The ports (108) in the base (102) are arranged in a geometric pattern (110).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing blowout preventers for leaks involves maintaining a constant pressure in the portion of the blowout preventer to be tested. A sensor is connected to a controller for maintaining a constant pressure within the blowout preventer. Any amount of fluid introduced into or removed from the blowout preventer in order to maintain constant pressure is measured and is an indication of the leak rate in the blowout preventer.

Abstract: A gaseous fuel monitoring system can include a gaseous fuel supply enclosure, an optical line extending along the gaseous fuel supply enclosure, and a relatively highly thermally conductive material contacting both the gaseous fuel supply enclosure and the optical line. The relatively highly thermally conductive material can comprise a pyrolytic carbon material. A method of detecting leakage from a gaseous fuel supply enclosure can include securing an optical line to the gaseous fuel supply enclosure, the securing comprising contacting a pyrolytic carbon material with the optical line and the gaseous fuel supply enclosure. A gaseous fuel monitoring system can include an optical interrogator connected to the optical line, which interrogator detects changes in light transmitted by the optical line due to changes in vibrations of the enclosure.

Abstract: A wafer includes multiple optical devices. One of the devices includes a waveguide that terminates at a facet that is included in a testing port. Light is injected from a light source into the waveguide through the facet without being reflected between exiting from the light source and entering the facet. The devices are separated from the wafer after the light is injected into the waveguide.

Abstract: A facility fault diagnosing method uses a vibration characteristic. A vibration generated according to a fault of a facility is divided into a plurality of vibration characteristics. Vibration code items are configured by subdividing the vibration characteristics. The detailed vibration code items are associated and databased for each fault type to store the detailed vibration code items. An input of a detailed vibration code item selection signal is received for the each vibration characteristic from a user. A fault type of a facility is determined on the basis of the each input detailed vibration code item and association information between the fault type and the detailed vibration code items. The vibration fault is diagnosed through a combination of a plurality of detailed vibration components by breaking a scheme of diagnosing the vibration fault using only one vibration component so that a more reliable facility fault diagnosis can be performed.

Abstract: A measurement device includes a bypass housing placed at a position in the intake duct that introduces an intake air to an internal combustion engine and defining a passage through which a part of the intake air flowing through an interior of the intake duct passes, a flowing amount sensor measuring a flowing amount of the intake air passing through the interior of the bypass housing, a humidity detection element measuring a humidity of the intake air passing through a position in the vicinity of the bypass housing, and a heat discharge portion being directly in contact with the intake air and being thermally bonded to the humidity detection element.

Abstract: A test sample support for use in a collision test using a center pillar assembly of an automobile body as a test sample, includes a linear main body, a first attachment part, and a second attachment part. A cross section of the main body of the test sample support is an open section of cross-shaped. The first attachment part is secured to the center pillar assembly. The second attachment part is secured to a collision test apparatus. This makes it possible to perform a collision test conveniently and at a low cost, thereby accurately evaluating side collision performance of the center pillar assembly.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for sectioning and imaging tissue or other samples, which are then automatically captured to enable subsequent analysis. The apparatus acts as a slice capture mechanism for serial sectioning microscopy in a fashion which enables subsequent interfacing with secondary microscopic interrogations or for processing with molecular diagnostic tools. The slices are spatially indexed to allow specific slices to be recalled from a library via automated handling techniques described herein.

Abstract: Provided is a trace gas measurement apparatus for electrical equipment that includes at least one sample cell configured to collect an oil sample from the electrical equipment. The sample cell having an oil receiving portion for receiving an oil sample, at least one perforated or porous sheet within a head space thereof for receiving the oil sample from the oil receiving portion, housing the oil sample thereon, and separating a new oil sample received from an existing oil sample within the at least one sample cell. The trace gas measurement apparatus also includes an oil pump for selectively pumping oil into and out of the sample cell, and a control module controlling operation of the oil pump, to adjust an oil level and air pressure within the sample cell, for performing an extraction process of trace gases within the oil sample.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide levels in an open-container beverage are measured by transferring a quantity of the beverage to a vessel. A closure is secured onto the vessel to form an enclosed volume containing the beverage. A probe is inserted through the closure to contact the beverage, and a sample is transferred from the vessel to a measurement instrument to determine the carbon dioxide level. The methods allow for significantly greater precision and reliability in measuring carbonation levels of open-container beverages relative to currently available techniques.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transparent frozen soil, which is prepared from a fluorine-containing polymer, cube ice and a colorless pore fluid by steps of preparing materials, blending, vacuuming, consolidating, and freezing. The fluorine-containing polymer is Teflon AF 1600 produced by American DuPont Company, with the refractive index of 1.31, the particle diameter ?0.074 mm, and the density of 2.1-2.3 g/cm3. The present invention also provides the application of above transparent frozen soil in the frozen soil directional blasting model test and the frozen soil road embankment model thaw-slumping landslide test. The transparent frozen soil prepared by the present invention can well simulate the properties of natural transparent frozen clay, is effectively used in model tests in the geotechnical engineering, with accurate measurement results, and can realize the visualization of the internal deformation of a soil body, and it is low in the expense, and simple in the operation.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for TEMPEST (Target-Element Modification by Physical and Enduring Structural Transmutation), a method for creating durable structures in vivo in a cell-type and/or circuit specific manner via the use of insoluble polymers. TEMPEST provides a way to functionally remove cells while preserving their “shadow” for easy post-experiment detection and classification. The method of the invention are of particular interest for modifying neurons, which may be central nervous system or peripheral nervous system cells, however the approach may be applied to other cellular systems as well, either in culture system models or in animals.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for processing tissue specimens against decomposition, putrefaction and autolysis which use a simple three step procedure in a single vessel or container. First, the specimens are saturated with a solvent mixture of a ketone and a hydrocarbon, e.g., an Acetone/Hexane or an Acetone/Xylene mixture, to dissolve lipids and other cellular solutes. The container is then flooded with melted Paraffin. In a last step, the solvent mixture is vaporized and evacuated from the container, allowing the melted Paraffin to replace the vaporized solvent and impregnate the specimens. Raw, i.e., non-processed and non-burred specimens up to 5 mm thick can be processed in about 60 minutes. A solvent regenerator distills the evacuated solvent; and converts vent waste gases into carbon dioxide and water through a thermocatalytic oxidizer.

Abstract: A multi-layer plasma separation card comprising (a) a first layer including a sample receiving member comprising (i) a top planar surface for applying or receiving a blood sample, said sample receiving portion being adapted to permit contact of said blood sample with a separating member; and (ii) a bottom planar surface being adapted to contact said separating member, (b) a second layer including at least three separating members, each separating member being adapted to permit the passage of plasma to an absorptive member and comprising (i) a top planar surface for receiving said blood sample; and (ii) a bottom planar shield-sharped surface being adapted to contact said absorptive member, and (c) a third layer including at least two absorptive members for absorbing plasma from the bottom planar surface of each corresponding separating member and a backing member arranged in a manner to support said absorptive members, each absorptive member comprising a removable absorptive element having a top planar surface

Abstract: A sampling device comprising a body that defines a fluid flow path from an inlet opening, wherein the flow path includes a bed of a porous polymer monolith selected to adsorb bioparticles from a matrix drawn or dispensed through the inlet opening and the bed.

Abstract: The present invention provides in vitro models of non-penetrating traumatic brain injury, which include a network of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein fibrils, methods for preparing such models, and uses of such models for, e.g., identifying compounds suitable for preventing or treating non-penetrating traumatic brain injury.

Abstract: An impact fatigue device includes a striker rod assembly configured to reciprocally move between an upstream position and a downstream position. The striker rod assembly includes a striker rod slidingly mounted on a support member and a trigger located upstream of the striker rod and adapted to move downstream to engage the striker rod and propel the striker rod downstream. An actuator assembly is located upstream of the striker rod assembly. The actuator assembly is configured to releasably engage the trigger and to translate the trigger upstream. A reset mechanism is configured to releasably engage the striker rod and to move the striker rod from the downstream position to the upstream position. A method of operating the impact fatigue device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for predicting the electrical functionality of a semiconductor package, the method includes performing a first stiffness test for a first semiconductor package, receiving failure data for the first semiconductor package, the failure data includes results of an electrical test performed after the first semiconductor package is assembled on a printed circuit board, generating a database comprising results of the first stiffness test as a function of the failure data for the first semiconductor package, performing a second stiffness test for a second semiconductor package, identifying a unique result from the results of the first stiffness test in the database, the unique result aligns with a result of the second stiffness test, and predicting a failure data for the second semiconductor package based on the failure data for the first semiconductor package which corresponds to the unique result of the first stiffness test identified in the database.

Abstract: A method of determining the wear of a flank of a cutter tool, in which the wear is determined by a general function calculating a characteristic length of the wear as a function of at least one variable that depends on time, is provided.

Abstract: A method of characterizing free volume of a rock sample includes test operations that measure pressure decay data from stepwise pressurization of the rock sample with a test gas. An initial free volume of the rock sample is calculated as a function of the pressure decay data. An initial maximum storage capacity of the rock sample is derived as a function of the initial free volume of the rock sample. A volume of test gas adsorbed as a liquid is calculated based on the maximum storage capacity of the rock sample. An updated free volume of the rock sample is calculated based on the initial free volume and the volume of the test gas adsorbed as a liquid. An updated maximum storage capacity of the rock sample is derived as a function of the updated free volume.

Abstract: A density meter for slurry which is transported through a pipe, the density meter including: a pipe part; flexible pipe couplings arranged on either end of the pipe part; a force sensor for measuring a force in the direction of the at least one degree of freedom between the pipe part and a fixed point; an accelerometer arranged on the pipe part for measuring the accelerations of the pipe part in the direction of the at least one degree of freedom; and computing means for computing the density of the slurry in the pipe part on the basis of the volume of the pipe part, the force measured by the force sensor and the acceleration measured by the accelerometer.

Abstract: A method of flow testing can include dispensing at least one solid material and at least one liquid into each of multiple wells in a filter plate, and allowing the liquid to flow from the filter plate only by force of gravity. A flow testing system can include a multiple well filter plate, each of the wells having disposed therein a selected combination of formation particles, a fracturing fluid composition and a liquid hydrocarbon, and a collection plate vertically below the filter plate. The fracturing fluid composition and the liquid hydrocarbon flow from the filter plate to the collection plate only by force of gravity.