Abstract: A neutron detection system includes a plurality of neutron detector assemblies, the neutron detector assemblies including a plurality of neutron detection devices, wherein the neutron detection devices are configured to detect one or more characteristics of neutrons emanating from one or more neutron sources and impinging on one or more neutron detection devices; a plurality of discrete moderating elements, wherein each of the discrete moderating elements is disposed proximate to at least one neutron detector assembly, the plurality of neutron detector assemblies and the plurality of discrete moderating elements disposed along a common axis, wherein the discrete moderating elements are configured to moderate the energy of neutrons impinging on one or more of the neutron-photon detector assemblies; and a control system configured to: determine one or more characteristics associated with the one or more neutron sources based on the received one or more measured response signals.

Abstract: A system and method instantly on-site analyze seismic acceleration signals measured from a primary wave of an earthquake and at a detecting site. The system includes an embedded computing host and a signal preprocessing module. Hardware preprocessing is executed on the seismic acceleration signals; and whether the earthquake is a seismic event is able to be determined according to a seism determining logic. Seismic acceleration signals are converted into ground velocities and ground displacements to obtain a peak ground displacement. A seismic fracture time parameter is calculated through the ground velocities and ground displacements and then a seismic magnitude of the earthquake is obtained. According to the peak ground displacement and the seismic magnitude, an epicentral distance is further calculated. Then a peak ground acceleration of the earthquake's shear wave at the detection site is able to be obtained through the seismic magnitude and the epicentral distance.

Abstract: Receiver lines arranged in an area to be explored are provided with geophones in respective receiver positions for measuring seismic waves from the subsoil. The receiver lines include first parallel lines and second lines parallel to the first lines and located in intermediate positions between the first lines. Seismic waves are emitted from source positions located along the first receiver lines, and seismic data, representing waves measured by the various geophones in response to the emitted waves, are obtained. Said first seismic data are processed by seismic interferometry in order to estimate other seismic data representing responses, in at least some of the receiver positions, to waves emitted from a virtual source located in a receiver position along a second line.

Abstract: Systems, methods and software can be used for analyzing microseismic data from a subterranean zone. In some aspects, a plurality of basic planes are each defined from a subset of the microseismic data and each have an orientation relative to a common axis. Clusters of orientations of the basic planes are identified adaptively based on the extent of variation in the orientations. The number of orientations associated with each of the clusters is then identified.

Abstract: A wireless seismic data acquisition unit with a wireless receiver providing access to a common remote time reference shared by a plurality of wireless seismic data acquisition units in a seismic system. The receiver is capable of replicating local version of remote time epoch to which a seismic sensor analog-to-digital converter is synchronized. The receiver is capable of replicating local version of remote common time reference for the purpose of time stamping local node events. The receiver is capable of being placed in a low power, non-operational state over periods of time during which the seismic data acquisition unit continues to record seismic data, thus conserving unit battery power. The system implements a method to correct the local time clock based on intermittent access to the common remote time reference. The method corrects the local time clock via a voltage controlled oscillator to account for environmentally induced timing errors.

Abstract: Methods and systems for compensating for source and receiver ghost effects in a reverse time migration (RTM) equation are described. Boundary conditions associated with the RTM acoustic wave equations for the source and recorded wavefields are modified. The resultant modified RTM acoustic wave equations are solved to generate ghost compensated modeled seismic images. In another aspect an imaging condition is also modified and the resultant RTM acoustic wave equations are solved to generate velocity and impedance perturbation images.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for use in geophysical surveying. Geophysical surveying typically involves stimulating an area of interest with a seismic source (204) and detecting the response in a sensor array. The application describes a fiber optic distributed sensing apparatus having a source (112) of electromagnetic radiation for repeatedly launching interrogating electromagnetic radiation into an optic fiber (104) deployed in said of area interest, a sampling detector (116) for sampling radiation back-scattered from the fiber; and a processor (108) arranged to process the back-scattered radiation to provide, for each of a plurality of longitudinal sensing portions of optic fiber, an indication of any incident acoustic signals affecting that sensing portion. The sampling detector is arranged to acquire a plurality of diversity samples for each said longitudinal sensing portion.

Abstract: Disposable antifouling covers for geophysical survey equipment. At least of example embodiments are methods including deploying marine geophysical survey equipment. The deploying may include: installing a disposable antifouling cover of plastic material on a portion of the marine geophysical survey equipment, wherein the disposable antifouling cover occludes a majority of an exterior surface of the portion of the marine geophysical survey equipment; and placing the marine geophysical survey equipment in a body of water.

Abstract: Procedures are described for monitoring dynamics along a drill string during the drilling process using only surface instrumentation or using a combination of surface and downhole instrumentation. Events such as drill collar whirl may be identified from signatures found in signals generated by an electromagnetic sensor such as a magnetometer and/or from a mechanical sensor such as accelerometer. Additional embodiments are described.

Abstract: A locator system for locating buried utilities such as conduits, cables, pipes or wires incorporates image-capturing and position and orientation measuring devices such as magnetic compass, accelerometers, gyros, GPS, and DGPS. The system may include other sensors such as gas concentration sensors. The system associates images captured during the locate process with buried utility position data and the other sensor data. These data and images may be further associated with terrain images from satellites or aerial photography to provide a highly precision map and database of buried utility locations and visual images of the burial site. Information so obtained may be transferred to a hand-held personal communication device (such as a smart phone) capable of displaying an augmented or virtual reality display showing the location of buried utilities in combination with photo-images and/or terrain maps.

Abstract: An airborne electromagnetic survey system that monitors the dipole moment. A TDEM system includes a flexible transmitter loop and a receiver having three sensors with mutually perpendicular sensitive axes. In flight, mechanical and aerodynamic forces cause the transmitter loop to tilt and flex, which affects the direction and magnitude of the primary field dipole moment. The processing system measures the sign and amplitude of the primary field sensed by the receiver in each of its sensitive axes and calculates a vector which represents the orientation of the primary field in the receiver frame of reference at the receiver location. Using this vector, the processing system determines the orientation of the primary field dipole moment.

Abstract: Techniques involve determining the frequency-dependent dielectric permittivity spectrum of a rock sample. Determining the frequency-dependent dielectric permittivity may involve defining a series of electromagnetic measurement data having at least a measurement at a frequency from which a substantially frequency-independent value of dielectric permittivity ?? can be obtained. The electromagnetic measurement data also includes measurements at different frequencies from which values for frequency-dependent dielectric permittivity ?rock (f) can be obtained. Using these measurements, the frequency-dependent spectrum of the sample may be determined.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing bed boundary detection and azimuthal resistivity logging with a single tool are disclosed. Some method embodiments include logging a borehole with an azimuthally-sensitive resistivity logging tool; deriving both a resistivity log and a boundary detection signal from measurements provided by said tool; and displaying at least one of the boundary detection signal and the resistivity log. The resistivity log measurements may be compensated logs, i.e., logs derived from measurements by one or more symmetric transmitter-receiver arrangements. Though symmetric arrangements can also serve as the basis for the boundary detection signal, a greater depth of investigation can be obtained with an asymmetric arrangement. Hence the boundary detection signal may be uncompensated.

Abstract: Downhole nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods that utilize oleophilic nanoparticle may allow for differentiation of light oil and oil-based filtrates. For example, a method may involve drilling a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation using an oil-based drilling fluid that comprises an oil base fluid and a plurality of oleophilic nanoparticles; performing a plurality of NMR measurements at a plurality of depths of investigation (DOI) of a near-wellbore portion of the subterranean formation; and producing an invasion profile of an oil-based drilling fluid filtrate into the near-wellbore portion of the subterranean formation based on the plurality of NMR measurements.

Abstract: A geomagnetic sensor includes: a core that constitutes a closed magnetic circuit; a pair of coils that are wound around the core in positions facing each other and are connected in series to generate magnetic flux in the same circumferential direction in the core; an excitation power supply that applies an alternating current with a superimposed direct current to the pair of coils; and a detection circuit that is connected to a connection point of the pair of coils. Unlike a conventional flux gate type geomagnetic sensor, it is not required to excite the core until the core is magnetically saturated, and it is therefore possible to reduce power consumption.

Abstract: This invention provides a scanning system for scanning an object in a scanning zone. The scanning system includes both a radiation source arranged to irradiate the object with radiation having a peak energy of at least 900 keV and a scatter detector arranged to detect radiation scattered from the object wherein the radiation source is arranged to irradiate the object over a plurality of regions to be scanned within a single irradiation event. The scatter detector includes a plurality of detection elements, each detection element being arranged to detect scattered radiation from a predefined part of the scanning zone and a signal processor arranged to calculate scatter intensity across the plurality of detector elements.

Abstract: A control module for a radiation detector can be configured to use a first pulse shape discrimination technique at a first state, and use a second pulse shape discrimination technique at a second state.

Abstract: Techniques and apparatus are provided for downhole sensing using optical couplers in a downhole splitter assembly to split interrogating light signals into multiple optical sensing branches. Each optical branch may then be coupled to an optical sensor (e.g., a pass-through or an optical single-ended transducer (OSET)) or to another optical coupler for additional branching. The sensors may be pressure/temperature (P/T) type transducers. Some systems may exclusively use OSETs as the optical sensors. In this manner, if one of the OSETs is damaged, it does not affect light traveling to any of the other sensors, and sensing information from remaining sensors is still returned.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining presence of objects in an area (207) surrounding a luminaire (200). The luminaire (200) includes a first light source (203), a second light source (205), and a sensor (216). The first light source (203) is configured to emit a first light beam (204) adapted to illuminate a first predefined area. The second light source (205) is configured to emit a second light beam (206) adapted to illuminate a background area surrounding the first predefined area. The sensor (216) is configured to detect a back-reflected first light beam (210) and a back-reflected second light beam (212). The method includes determining whether objects are present in the area surrounding the luminaire based on a comparison of information indicative of a signal strength of the detected back-reflected first light beam (210) and information indicative of a signal strength of the detected back-reflected second light beam (212).

Abstract: Seafloor movements are monitored by measuring the ambient seawater pressure at a plurality of locations adjacent to the seafloor using asynchronous pressure signals generated by a plurality of pressure sensors mounted at different locations on the seafloor over a prolonged period of time(t), wherein harmonic tide-related pressure variations on the asynchronous pressure signals are corrected by an algorithm comprising a mathematical equation that models spatial and temporal pressure variations in an objective function. The method is unconstrained with regard to the synchronicity of depth and/or pressure measurements and does not require additional stationary short tem local reference measurements.

Abstract: Method and system is described for modeling one or more geophysical properties of a subsurface volume. In one example, a method for predicting strength anisotropy in subsurface formations along a wellpath comprises receiving a stress model of the subsurface formation in the area of the wellpath. Bulk strength properties of target rock are obtained and used to develop anisotropic failure criteria. The stress model may then be combined with the anisotropic failure criteria to develop an anisotropic wellbore stability model which is used to enhance hydrocarbon recovery.

Abstract: Waveguides and electromagnetic cavities fabricated in hyperuniform disordered materials with complete photonic bandgaps are provided. Devices comprising electromagnetic cavities fabricated in hyperuniform disordered materials with complete photonic bandgaps are provided. Devices comprising waveguides fabricated in hyperuniform disordered materials with complete photonic bandgaps are provided. The devices include electromagnetic splitters, filters, and sensors.

Abstract: Provided is a near-infrared absorptive compositions capable of reducing unevenness in the coated surface profile and variation in near-infrared absorptive ability when the near-infrared absorptive compositions are formed into films. The near-infrared absorptive composition comprises a copper complex and a solvent, wherein the near-infrared absorptive composition has a solid content of 10 to 90% by mass and the solvent has a boiling point of 90 to 200° C.

Abstract: A lens optical element including an on-chip lens with a convex surface formed at a top part of a column-shaped portion; and a light emitting surface disposed in a state where the light emitting surface is covered by a bottom portion of the column-shaped portion of the on-chip lens. The relationship between a lens height, which is defined as a height from the light emitting surface to a peak of the convex surface, a thickness of the column-shaped portion, and a refractive index of a structural material of the on-chip lens is set so that when the light emitting surface emits light, a state is produced where the convex surface of the on-chip lens appears to have uniform brightness.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an optical imaging system is disclosed incorporating at least two gradient refractive index optical elements of a plurality of gradient refractive index optical elements made from at least one bulk material having a gradient refractive index and at least one diffractive optical element of a plurality of diffractive optical elements integrated within at least one of the plurality of gradient refractive index optical elements. Various embodiments disclosed incorporate at least one diffractive optical element configured as a surface relief structure patterned on at least one surface of the at least one gradient refractive index optical element. The surface relief structure includes at least one of a diffraction grating structure, a diffractive lens structure, and a kinoform structure. The at least one bulk material includes at least one of a radial gradient refractive index, an axial gradient refractive index, and a spherical gradient refractive index.

Abstract: An optical diffuser layer includes a binder, a plurality of metal oxide particles dispersed in the binder, and a plurality of interconnected voids. A plurality of haze generating particles are dispersed in the binder. The optical diffuser layer has an effective refractive index of 1.3 or less.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes at least a light source, a display element, and an isotropic diffusion layer.

Abstract: Retroreflective sheeting comprising cube corner microstructure and having channels substantially parallel to a longitudinal, peripheral edge of the sheeting.

Abstract: Described is a security document with a transparent security element (12) which is arranged in a window or in a transparent region of the security document and has a structure layer, in which a first region (12f) of the structure layer has an asymmetrical diffractive relief structure, wherein the first region (12f) has an optical effect which is unexpectedly different in a front view and in a rear view of the security document.

Abstract: Provided is an immersion diffraction element that prevents decrease of diffraction efficiency thereof so as to satisfy optical performance. A reflection type diffraction element is made of a material transmitting a light, beam having a predetermined wavelength. An echelle diffraction grating covered with a reflecting film that prevents transmission of the light beam is formed on one surface of the material. A diffraction grating is formed off in a repeated manner, a blazed surface facing incident light and a non-blazed surface connecting the blazed surface to a neighboring blazed surface. An angle formed between the blazed surface and the non-blazed surface is an acute angle. A defect generated at a grating vertex of the blazed surface fails in a shadow of the neighboring blazed surface so as to prevent the incident light from becoming scattered light due to the defect portion.

Abstract: A protective film for polarizing plate contains a resin, an ultraviolet absorbing agent A having an absorption maximum in a wavelength range of from 350 to 400 nm and an ultraviolet absorbing agent B having an absorption maximum in a wavelength range of from 270 to 330 nm, and a content of the ultraviolet absorbing agent A is from 0.1 to 5% by weight relative to the resin, a content of the ultraviolet absorbing agent B is from 0.1 to 5% by weight relative to the resin, and the protective film fulfills the requirements (a) to (d) as defined herein.

Abstract: The invention discloses a photosensitive resin composition and a color filter. The photosensitive resin composition comprises, by weight of the photosensitive resin composition, 0.6%-2% silver halide, 0.06%-0.7% oxidant, 5%-15% the second dispersion resin, 5%-10% light-polymerizable compound, 25%-57% pigment dispersion, 0.05%-0.06% light polymerization initiator and 28.5%-60% solvent. When placed under a strong ultraviolet light irradiation condition, the color filter exhibits black and barriers the ultraviolet light; and when placed in a visible light range, the color filter recovers the original color.

Abstract: A linear light source module includes a mirror light guide component and a light emitting component. The mirror light guide component has a light emitting end, a surface having a mirror light reflecting layer formed thereon and a light incidence end. The light emitting component is configured for providing light to the light incidence end. The mirror light guide component is a light guide bar and is configured for converting the light from the first light emitting component into a linear light when the light emitting component is lighted, and the mirror light guide component is a mirror bar and is configured for providing a mirror function when the light emitting component is closed. An optical touch device with the linear light source module can avoid a blind zone and can be used as a dual-touch device or a multi-touch device.

Abstract: To provide a light emitting device that makes it possible to form a surface light emitting apparatus of less unevenness in luminance. The light emitting device 10 of the present invention comprises a light emitting element 30, connecting terminals 21a, 21b connected with the light emitting element 30, a package 12 which has a recess 40 wherein the light emitting element 30 is mounted and from which a part of each connecting terminal 21a, 21b is projected outward, an opening 41 of the recess 40 being elongated in one direction, wherein both side walls of the recess 40 positioned in the longitudinal direction of the recess 40 are inclined surface 43, an angle ? between both the inclined surfaces 43 being 90 degrees or more. In the light emitting device 10 of the present invention, light emitted by the light emitting element 30 is spread sufficiently in the longitudinal direction of the opening 41 so as to produce a band-shaped beam.

Abstract: A spread illuminating apparatus includes a point light source with a light-emitting surface, a circuit board with a mounting surface on which the point light source is mounted, and a light guide plate with an incident light surface and an emitting surface. The circuit board is arranged as that at least a partial portion of the circuit board extends beyond an area where the point light source is mounted so as to be superposed on the light guide plate, a light-reflecting member is arranged on the mounting surface, and a region of the mounting surface in which the light-reflecting member is arranged includes a first region that extends forward from a position corresponding to the center of the light-emitting surface of the point light source.

Abstract: A backlight module and a display device comprise: a light guide plate; a LED light bar including a plurality of LED lamps arranged at intervals at a side of the light guide plate so as to emit the light to the light-entering surface of the light guide plate, and a gap provided between the LED light bar and the light guide plate; and a reflection member arranged outside the gap and reflecting the light from the LED light bar toward the light guide plate, wherein first regions and second regions are arranged on the reflection member at intervals, the first regions correspond to positions of the LED lamp, the second regions correspond to an interval between the plurality of LED lamps and/or a position outside the LED lamps at the end of the LED light bar, and the first region has a reflective index less than the second region.

Abstract: A spread illuminating apparatus includes a light source that emits white light, and a light guide plate including an incident light surface which is an end surface at which the light source is disposed and an emitting part that emits light which has entered from the incident light surface in a spread pattern from an emitting surface. The light guide plate includes an incident light wedge part between the incident light surface and the emitting part, the incident light wedge part including an inclined surface and tapering in thickness from the incident light surface side toward a forward direction. Also, a blue light reflecting unit is disposed on at least one of the emitting surface side or an opposite side of the emitting surface side near a boundary between the incident light wedge part and the emitting part.

Abstract: A light-guide coupler for modulating angular and spatial distributions of a light source is provided. The light-guide coupler includes a transmission body and a microstructure portion. One end of the transmission body defines a first opening. The other end of the transmission body defines a second opening. The width of the transmission body increases in a direction from the first opening to the second opening and forms a curved portion in at least one side plane of the transmission body. The microstructure portion is configured on one plane of the transmission body. An inner reflecting surface is formed in the transmission body and matched to the microstructure portion and curved portion. The inner reflecting surface forms a light transmission path between the first opening and the second opening.

Abstract: A light source unit includes light source substrates to emit light, a pair of first members arranged separately from each other, each provided with one light source substrates, a pair of light guide members having an outer circumferential surfaces where the light introduced therein is emitted therethrough, and a pair of second members to hold the pair of respective light guide members. Each of the pair of second members is made of a metal material and includes two projecting portions and an opening formed between the projecting portions where the light emitted from the light guide member passes, and end portions attached to the pair of first members respectively, to receive heat generated from the light source substrate through the first members. The pair of second members are arranged separately from each other forming a void portion therebetween to pass an optical axis of an image capturing device therethrough.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a layered material stack that includes a plasmonic interface between a plasmonic material and optical waveguide material is disclosed. The method includes providing a substrate layer, disposing a layer of plasmonic material on the substrate layer, depositing a metal constituent of an optical waveguide material directly onto the layer of plasmonic material, and anodizing the metal constituent of the optical waveguide material to form an optically transparent oxide of the metal constituent configured to couple light into the layer of plasmonic material, with the optically transparent oxide of the metal constituent forming an optical waveguide structure.

Abstract: An indexing signal detection module is configured to index one or more signal detectors past each of a plurality of sources of detectable signal emissions to detect or measure a signal emitted by each source. A plurality of signal transmission conduits transmit signal emitted by the sources from a first end of each conduit to a second end of each conduit where the signal may be detected by a signal detector. A conduit reformatter is configured to secure the first ends of the respective signal transmission conduits in a first spatial arrangement corresponding to a spatial arrangement of the signal emission sources and to secure the second ends of the respective signal transmission conduits in a second spatial arrangement different from the first spatial arrangement.

Abstract: A package for an arcuate planar lightwave circuit (PLC) chip includes a heater plate coupled to a base by a thick and soft support layer. The arcuate PLC is attached to the heater plate by soft adhesive. A hard adhesive is applied to a multi-waveguide end of the arcuate PLC, to additionally strengthen the attachment of the arcuate PLC to the heater plate. The structure allows the mechanical stress due to fiber pull/shock/vibration to be dissipated in the support layer without introducing large wavelength shifts in the arcuate PLC. The support layer also serves as a heat insulator, facilitating uniform heating of the arcuate PLC.

Abstract: A high-order-mode (HOM) filter for thick silicon waveguides has a shoulder slab, a waveguide ridge, a first filter ridge, and a second filter ridge. The first filter ridge and the second filter ridge help attenuate higher-order modes from the waveguide ridge while the waveguide ridge guides a fundamental mode.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic apparatus including a circuit element including a first main surface, a first electrode provided in the first main surface, an optical element including a second main surface and being configured to either transmit or receive an optical signal, a second electrode provided in the second main surface, a window which is provided in the second main surface and through which the optical signal passes, a wiring layer provided on the first main surface and the second main surface, the wiring layer electrically connecting the first electrode and the second electrode, and an optical waveguide, which is provided on the second main surface and optically connected to the window, the optical signal passing through the optical waveguide.

Abstract: An optical waveguide for guiding electromagnetic waves. One example of an optical waveguide includes a waveguide substrate, at least one layer of low index optical coating formed on a surface of the waveguide substrate, and a thin layer of metal formed on a surface of the at least one layer of the low index optical coating, where the at least one layer of low index optical coating is disposed between the waveguide substrate and the thin layer of metal. The thin layer of metal can have a thickness in a range of about 5 nm to about 20 nm. In one example, the thin layer of metal is chromium.

Abstract: A fiber optic splice protecting system and method includes a tubular sized to fit around spliced ends of optical fibers, and a sealant positioned in an annular space defined between the optical fibers and the tubular. The sealant is configured to cure from a liquid to a solid. The tubular is at least partially formed of a material that is gas permeable.

Abstract: An optical-fiber-spliced portion reinforcing heating device of the invention includes: a pair of clamps that respectively grasp a coated portion of an optical fiber, the optical fiber including a fusion-spliced portion, the fusion-spliced portion being coated with a sleeve, the coated portion being exposed from the sleeve; at least two or more heaters that are arranged to face each other so as to sandwich the sleeve; a first force-applying member that presses at least one of the paired clamps so as to apply a tension to the optical fiber; and a second force-applying member that applies a pressing force to at least one or more of the heaters via the sleeve by use of one of an elastic member and a magnetic member in accordance with control of a drive source, the heaters being arranged to face each other with the sleeve interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A polarization beam splitter includes a demultiplexer, a multiplexer, a first waveguide at least partially formed of a rib waveguide, and a second arm waveguide at least partially formed of a channel waveguide. Waveguide widths of the first and second waveguides are configured to cause, with respect to a linear polarization component of an input light of the polarization beam splitter, 1) a first refractive index of the first arm waveguide and a second refractive index of the second arm waveguide to be the same, and 2) changes of the first and second refractive indexes, due to changes of the respective waveguide widths, to be the same.

Abstract: An optical device is described. This optical device includes optical components having resonance wavelengths that match target values with a predefined accuracy (such as 0.1 nm) and with a predefined time stability (such as permanent or an infinite time stability) without thermal tuning and/or electronic tuning. The stable, accurate resonance wavelengths may be achieved using a wafer-scale, single (sub-second) shot trimming technique that permanently corrects the phase errors induced by material variations and fabrication inaccuracies in the optical components (and, more generally, resonant silicon-photonic optical components). In particular, the trimming technique may use photolithographic exposure of the optical components on the wafer in parallel, with time-modulation for each individual optical component based on active-element control.

Abstract: A unitary multi-fiber ferrule has micro-holes for optical fibers, and a plurality of lenses disposed adjacent the front end, each of the plurality of lenses optically aligned with one of the micro-holes and exposed to air. Multiple rows of optical fibers and lenses may also be used in the unitary multi-fiber ferrule. The lenses have a divergence half angle of between about 2 and 20 degrees and may also have protrusions on them acting as an antireflective coating.