Abstract: A liquid mixture reduces the friction between two surfaces, at least one of which is moving with respect to the other such as tubing moving within the casing of an oil or gas well. The mixture includes an oil, a suspending agent, polymer particles and a surfactant.

Abstract: A fluid for temporarily plugging a hydrocarbon-bearing formation is disclosed. The fluid includes a carrier fluid and a crosslinked synthetic polymer, wherein the polymer comprises a labile group to degrade the polymer when exposed to a change in a condition of the fluid.

Abstract: It can sometimes be desirable to form a temporary fluid seal in a subterranean formation in conjunction with performing various subterranean operations. Methods for forming a temporary fluid seal in a subterranean formation can comprise: providing a sealing composition that comprises a plurality of degradable particulates and a plurality of water-insoluble microparticulates; introducing the sealing composition into a subterranean formation; and forming a degradable fluid seal with the sealing composition in the subterranean formation, the water-insoluble microparticulates being substantially non-degradable. The temporary fluid seal can block or divert fluid flow in the subterranean formation.

Abstract: Methods are provided for chemically removing cured resin product from surfaces and subterranean formations in case of inappropriate consolidation, plugging of screens or tubing, and equipment damage. A chemical solvent is introduced to a wellbore where a resin has cured. The resin is contacted with the chemical solvent until the resin at least partially dissolves. At least a portion of the dissolved resin is then removed from the wellbore.

Abstract: An aminoalkyl imidazolines of the formula: having p-octyloxy-, p-dodecyloxy-, or p-octadecyloxy-phenyl pendants as hydrophobes, for use to mitigate mild steel corrosion. An electron-rich aromatic ring, in conjugation with an amidine motif, imparts increasing corrosion inhibition efficiencies with an increasing hydrophobe chain length. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the formation of an aminoalkyl imidazoline film on a metal surface prior to reaching a critical molar concentration.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a mixed bacteria producing surfactant and its screening method. According to at least one embodiment, there is provided a mixed bacteria producing biosurfactant composed of three kinds of strains: Pseudomonas stutzeri with preservation No. CCTCC AB 205091, Nocardioides ginsengagri with preservation No. CCTCC S2013441, and Bacillus licheniformis with preservation No. CCTCC AB 205141. The mixed bacteria is obtained by choosing the bacterial strain for oil production awaiting screening, activating and culturing it, getting the fermentation liquid in primary screen with blood plate method, and re-screening fermentation liquid in primary screen with oil drain method. This mixed bacteria synthesizes the advantages of the three strain, thus producing a biosurfactant to enhance oil recovery in the oilfield.

Abstract: This invention relates to foam-forming surfactant compositions having at least two surfactants whereof at least one is a sulfosuccinamate, and at least one is a sulfosuccinate, and optionally including, a solvent. Methods of recovering oil or gas by generating a foam, feeding the foam into a subterranean oil- or gas-bearing geological formation, and collecting mineral oil or natural gas driven by the foam in a production well, wherein the foam is generated by intimate mixing of one or more foam-forming surfactant compositions described herein with a gas in a foam generator, or by introduction of at least one of water and gases, together or intermittently or in alternating sequence, slugs of a gas which may be in a supercritical or non-supercritical state, and of water, wherein the foam-forming surfactant composition(s) can be admixed to the water or to the gas if the gas is in a supercritical state or be introduced separately as solution into the geological formation, are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fracturing fluid including a carrier fluid and a viscosity-increasing self-breaking synthetic polymer soluble in the carrier fluid. A method for treating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation is also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition and method for treating a fracturing fluid comprising produced water with high levels of dissolved solids using a polymer crosslinked with a boron compound and a high pH alkylamine buffer. The composition improves the viscosity stability of the fracturing fluid at elevated bottom-hole temperatures, particularly when the fluid has high levels of calcium and magnesium. The composition is particularly useful with polysaccharides, including galactomannan gums, such as guar gum, locust bean gum, and karaya gum, and allows for the use of the preferred boron compound crosslinkers in high total dissolved solids fracturing fluids without the pH destabilization problems encountered with the prior art.

Abstract: An organic acid composition for use in oil industry activities, said composition comprising: methane sulphonic acid; a metal iodide or iodate; and an alcohol or derivative thereof. The uses include: injection/disposal in wells; squeezes and soaks or bullheads; acid fracturing; acid washes or matrix stimulations; fracturing spearheads (breakdowns); pipeline scale treatments; cement breakdowns or perforation cleaning; pH control; and de-scaling applications.

Abstract: A synthetic acid composition for use in oil industry activities, said composition comprising: urea and methanesulphonic acid in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1:1; a metal iodide or iodate; an alcohol or derivative thereof.

Abstract: Compositions relating to three-dimensional (3D) printing. In particular, a photochromatic composition for use in 3D printing comprising a photochrome core with polymeric resin shell disposed thereon and a polymeric component.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a quantum dot composite that can maintain luminous efficiency per unit quantum dot even when a quantum dot concentration is high, and therefore can achieve a high emission intensity. The quantum dot composite includes: a matrix; and quantum dots dispersed in the matrix, wherein the matrix is composed of cellulose acetate having a compositional distribution index (CDI) of 3.0 or less, and a concentration of the quantum dots is 0.05 wt % or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are wavelength converting compositions, wavelength converters and light sources including the same. The wavelength converting compositions include at least one poly(silphenylene-siloxane) gel matrix that contains at least one wavelength conversion material, such as one or more phosphors in powdered and/or particulate form. Methods of making such compositions and converters are also disclosed. Wavelength converted light sources such as wavelength converted light emitting diode packages are also disclosed. The poly(silphenylene-siloxane) gel matrix exhibits relatively high thermal stability, as well as desirable optical properties.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a red phosphor which is a Mn-activated complex fluoride represented by formula (1), A2MF6:Mn (1) (M is one type or more of a tetravalent element selected from Si, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ge, and Sn, and A is one type or more of an alkali metal selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, and includes at least Na and/or K.), wherein, as a reactive source, a solid of a complex fluoride represented by formula (2), A2MF6 (2) (M and A are as described above) and a solid of a manganese compound represented by formula (3), A2MnF6 (3) (A is as described above) are mixed and heated at a temperature of from 100° C. to 500° C. According to the present invention, a Mn-activated complex fluoride phosphor having favorable luminescence properties can be obtained without using hydrofluoric acid in a main step.

Abstract: A method for producing a ?-sialon fluorescent material superior in light emitting luminance is provided. The method includes heat-treating a first mixture containing an aluminum compound, a europium compound, and a first silicon oxynitride compound to obtain a first heat-treated product, and heat-treating a second mixture containing the first heat-treated product, an aluminum compound, a europium compound, and a second silicon oxynitride compound, which has a larger oxygen content than the first silicon oxynitride compound, to obtain a second heat-treated product.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for forming a blended phosphor composition. The method includes the steps of firing precursor compositions that include europium and nitrides of at least calcium, strontium and aluminum, in a refractory metal crucible and in the presence of a gas that precludes the formation of nitride compositions between the nitride starting materials and the refractory metal that forms the crucible. The resulting compositions can include phosphors that convert frequencies in the blue portion of the visible spectrum into frequencies in the red portion of the visible spectrum.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid etching composition that etches an oxide comprising indium, zinc, tin and oxygen at a preferable etching rate, without the etching rate being changed much along with the dissolution of the oxide, and with no substantial generation of deposit, and corrodes wiring materials at such a low level to be ignorable. The present invention uses a liquid etching composition comprising (A) at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and a salt of any of these acids; and water; the liquid etching composition having a pH value of ?1 to 3.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes one or more compounds represented by Chemical Formula 1. In Chemical Formula 1, are a cyclohexane or tetrahydropyran, and R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, a C1 to C8 alkyl group, a C2 to C8 alkenyl group, or a C1 to C8 alkoxy group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes an amine light stabilizer including a first compound represented by Formula 1 and a second compound represented by Formula 2; and a liquid crystal:

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a thermosetting composition with a photo-alignment property, including a copolymer containing a photo-alignment constitutional unit, and a thermal cross-linking constitutional unit in which a thermal cross-linking group is bonded via a straight-chain alkylene group with a carbon number of 4 to 11, or via a polyethylene glycol group with a cycle number of 2 to 5.

Abstract: Pyrolysis methods and apparatuses that allow effective heat removal, for example when necessary to achieve a desired throughput or process a desired type of biomass, are disclosed. According to representative methods, the use of a quench medium (e.g., water), either as a primary or a secondary type of heat removal, allows greater control of process temperatures, particularly in the reheater where char, as a solid byproduct of pyrolysis, is combusted. Quench medium may be distributed to one or more locations within the reheater vessel, such as above and/or within a dense phase bed of fluidized particles of a solid heat carrier (e.g., sand) to better control heat removal.

Abstract: An environmental friendly, continuous biomass torrefaction system is disclosed herein. This torrefaction system captures carbon dioxide (CO2) from the combustion gases generated in the process. A portion of the captured CO2 is recycled and used as the inert gas for torrefying biomass and cooling the torrefied biomass. The rest of the captured CO2 is stored.

Abstract: An automatic carbonizing collector for wastes pertains to automatic collection of wastes, reduce, and recycle wastes in producing source, to replace manual door to door collection, landfill and incineration of wastes. The carbonizing collectors set in waste producing source comprises automatically opening lid (4), putting wastes into container (2) set in carbonizing tank (14), carbonizing the wastes under anaerobic condition by heater (13) and burner (16), collecting carbonized products by pipe (15) and pipeline (202) which connecting with the all of the carbonizing collectors in a city, storing the products in tank (18) and collecting tank (207) for fuel of the carbonizing collectors, cleaning the carbon in carbonizing tank (14) by taking out pail (3), shredding the carbon into conductible particle, going through pipeline (202) to collecting tank (207).

Abstract: A process for cleaning bitumen froth produced from an oil sands extraction process involves mixing a sufficient amount of paraffinic solvent with the bitumen froth; subjecting the resulting mixture to centrifugal separation in a centrifuge to yield a diluted bitumen product, a water byproduct stream, and a solids byproduct stream; and processing the diluted bitumen product to yield dry fungible bitumen product having a total water/solids content less than about 0.5 wt %, and a recyclable paraffinic diluent stream.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method for upgrading a bio-oil using a supercritical alcohol, and the bio-oil upgraded by the method, the method including removing oxygen existing in the molecule of the bio-oil using the supercritical state alcohol as a solvent and reacting the bio-oil and the alcohol solvent at supercritical state so as to increase the energy content, removing organic acids that increase the acidity of the bio-oil including formic acid and acetic acid or converting the organic acids to other materials so as to reduce the acidity, and converting hydrophilic materials in the bio-oil to hydrophobic materials so as to reduce the moisture content, and increasing the pH of the bio-oil to reduce the corrosiveness, thereby providing the effectiveness in upgrading a bio-oil.

Abstract: A process for cleaning bitumen froth produced from an oil sands extraction process involves mixing a sufficient amount of paraffinic solvent with the bitumen froth; subjecting the resulting mixture to centrifugal separation in a centrifuge to yield a diluted bitumen product, a water byproduct stream, and a solids byproduct stream; and processing the diluted bitumen product to yield dry fungible bitumen product having a total water/solids content less than about 0.5 wt %, and a recyclable paraffinic diluent stream.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure can be a catalyst for catalytic reforming of naphtha. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a reforming catalyst for the catalytic reforming of gasoline-range hydrocarbons that results in increased aromatics production. The catalyst can have a noble metal including one or more of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, and iridium, one or more alkaline earth metals, and a support.

Abstract: There is provided a process of treating a heavy hydrocarbon-comprising material, comprising: contacting a feed material with at least a catalyst material within a contacting zone to effect generation of a total product such that a contacting zone material is disposed within the contacting zone and consists of the catalyst material and a feed/product-comprising mixture comprising the feed material and the total product, wherein the feed/product-comprising mixture includes a Conradson carbon residue content of at least 12 weight percent, based on the total weight of the feed/product-comprising mixture, and also includes an asphaltene content of less than two (2) weight percent, based on the total weight of the feed/product-comprising mixture, and wherein the feed material includes deasphalted heavy hydrocarbon-comprising material.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for recovering hydrotreating effluent from a hydrotreating unit utilizing a hot stripper and a cold stripper. Only the hot hydrotreating effluent is heated in a fired heater prior to product fractionation, resulting in substantial operating and capital savings. The cold stripped stream from the cold stripper bottoms line may be passed directly to a diesel pool when VGO is hydrotreated in the hydrotreating reactor bypassing the product fractionation column.

Abstract: A level sensor, method of treating cooperating surfaces of a level sensor, and method of installing a level sensor, wherein the level sensor may include an elongated tube having an outer surface, and a float carrier having an inner surface, and wherein the outer surface and the inner surface form cooperating surfaces, and wherein at least one of the surfaces comprises a Self-Assembled Monolayer of Phosphonate (SAMP). The method of treating cooperating surfaces includes applying a coat of a Self-Assembled Monolayer of Phosphonate (SAMP) composition to at least one of said cleaned and dried surfaces of said tube and float carrier to form treated components. The method of installing may include installing said level sensor into a section of a crude oil service operation.

Abstract: A downdraft gasifier that utilizes a plurality of vertically positioned tubes to create a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone beneath the pyrolysis zone and a reduction zone beneath the oxidation zone. The shape of the tubes eliminates the need for a restriction (hearth), which limits the maximum achievable throughput. A rotating and vertically adjustable grate is located beneath, but not attached to, the reduction zone of the gasifier.

Abstract: A method to reduce formation of waste water in coal gasification and syngas pretreatment process by increasing the salinity of the waste water thereby reducing the overall volume of waste water formed.

Abstract: There is described a method for producing a biofuel, the method comprising: culturing an Acetobacter lovaniensis bacterium in a growth medium containing phosphate at a level which is more than 1 g/litre, wherein culturing of the bacterium produces the biofuel.

Abstract: A vapor recovery system and method to control emissions (benzene and other compounds) from glycol regenerator overheads in a natural gas dehydration system is provided. In this system, a cooler is configured to receive overheads from a glycol regenerator and operative to condense at least a portion of the overheads into a cooled liquid stream. A storage tank is configured to receive the condensed overheads from the cooler for storage. A compressor is configured to compress the uncondensed vapor in the storage tank and push it into a wet natural gas stream coming into a compressor at a suction of the facility.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lignite fired steam power plant comprising a water/steam power cycle, a dryer system for drying lignite coal and a heat recovery system for recovering thermal energy from the dryer system. The heat recovery system vaporises condensate against a vapour line of the dryer steam and then compresses the vaporised condensate for use to preheat either or both combustion air or condensate of the water/steam power cycle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lignite fired steam power plant comprising a water/steam power cycle and a lignite dryer system having a heat pump circuit configured and arranged to provide heat energy to a lignite dryer of the dryer system. The heat pump includes a dryer heat exchanger, an expansion device and an evaporator heat exchanger connected to the first outlet line so as to enable heat energy transfer from the vapour of the first outlet line to the first working fluid. A compressor is also included in the heat pump circuit. In addition the heat pump circuit is connected to the water/steam power cycle by a steam makeup line from the pressure series of steam turbines and a condensate return line.

Abstract: A method of infusing wood grilling products with flavor and aroma-enhancing supplements is utilized to impart flavor and aroma to a wood grilling product that is to be used for cooking. The wood grilling product is placed into a vacuum infusion chamber and submerged within a first quantity of FAE liquid. The first quantity of FAE liquid and the wood grilling product are then hermetically sealed within the vacuum infusion chamber. A first quantity of air is evacuated out of the vacuum infusion chamber in order to apply a vacuum to the wood grilling product. The vacuum is maintained on the wood grilling product for an optimal time duration. A second quantity of air is then introduced into the vacuum infusion chamber in order to return the vacuum infusion chamber to atmospheric pressure and infuse the first quantity of FAE liquid into the wood grilling product.

Abstract: A process for producing a modified coal from a coal of low-rank as a raw material includes dehydrating the coal, adding water to the dehydrated coal, agglomerating the water-added coal, and gradually oxidizing the agglomerated coal. In the water addition, an added amount of the water is regulated so that the water-added coal has a water content of 5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less. In the oxidation, the agglomerated coal is held in an air at a temperature of 70° C. or more and 105° C. or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dryer system for drying lignite coal used in a power plant. The system comprises a dryer and a closed loop heat pump circuit that is configured and arranged to provide heat energy to the dryer. The closed loop heat pump circuit includes a working fluid, a dryer heat exchanger, an expansion device fluidly connected and downstream of the dryer heat exchanger, arranged to enable heat energy transfer from the vapour of the second outlet line to the first working fluid and a compressor for compressing the working fluid.

Abstract: The presently claimed invention is directed to the use of polyethylene glycols that are prepared by alkoxylating polyethylene glycol with at least one C8-C30 epoxy alkane in lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: Novel, lubricious coatings for medical devices are disclosed. The coatings provide improved lubricity and durability, and are readily applied in coating processes. The present invention is also directed to a novel platinum catalyst for use in such coatings. The catalyst provides for rapid curing, while inhibiting cross-linking at ambient temperatures, thereby improving the production pot life of the coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for use as lubricating oil additives. The additive compositions comprise a mixture of alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymers, having distinct monomeric compositions. The additive compositions disclosed herein can be used to improve the low-temperature pumpability of aged lubricating oil, particularly diesel engine oil aged in the presence of biodiesel.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention contains a lubricating base oil, (A1) a basic calcium salicylate having a TBN of 200 mgKOH/g or more, (A2) a basic sodium sulfonate having a TBN of 200 mgKOH/g or more and/or a basic calcium sulfonate having a TBN of 50 mgKOH/g or less, (B) a binuclear organic molybdenum compound and/or a trinuclear organic molybdenum compound, and (C) a polyalkyl (meth)acrylate having an SSI of 30 or less, a total content of molybdenum derived from the binuclear and trinuclear organic molybdenum compounds being 0.025 mass % or more relative to the whole amount of the composition and the lubricating oil composition having predetermined values of a high-temperature high-shear viscosity and a NOACK value (250° C., 1 hr).

Abstract: A lubricant composition for high compression spark ignition engines that contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A fuel composition for high compression spark ignition engines that contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in an engine by using a fuel additive composition in a gasoline fuel composition. The fuel additive composition contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). The lubricating oils of this disclosure are useful as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.

Abstract: A system for forming a fragrant bead is disclosed which comprises a first container for mixing a fragrance with a polymer into a mixture, the first mixing container having a dispensing system for dispensing the mixture, and a second container for containing a surplus amount of cross-linker and for receiving the mixture dispensed from the first container, the surplus amount of cross-linker for reacting with the mixture to form a fragrant bead.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to candles, including multi-wick candles, that contain one more non-ionic emulsifiers. The non-ionic emulsifier(s) can be contained in the candle base formulation and/or in the wick coating formulation. The candles exhibit one or more desirable properties, such as good flame height, good fragrance character, low mineral impurity levels and little or no discoloration.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to candles, including multi-wick candles, that contain one more non-ionic emulsifiers. The non-ionic emulsifier(s) can be contained in the candle base formulation and/or in the wick coating formulation. The candles exhibit one or more desirable properties, such as good flame height, good fragrance character, low mineral impurity levels and little or no discoloration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of ortho-substituted ethoxylated Al or Zn-phthalocyanine compounds as photobleach agents for the removal of stains and soil on textile materials, particularly in laundry detergents. A further aspect of the invention is a process for removing stains and soil from textile materials using the Al or Zn-phthalocyanine compounds in a washing process and exposing the washed textile material to actinic radiation. Still further aspects are detergent and granule formulations containing ortho-substituted ethoxylated Al or Zn-phthalocyanine compounds and also new orthosubstituted ethoxylated Zn-phthalocyanine compounds as such.

Abstract: The present invention relates to washing or cleaning agents having improved foaming characteristics under high soil loading, containing at least one anionic surfactant and at least one alkylamidopropyl betaine of formula (R1)C(?O)NH(CH2)3N+(R2)(R3)CH2COO?, where R1 is an alkyl radical having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and R2 and R3 are identical or different alkyl radicals having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein the weight ratio of the alkylamidopropyl betaine defined herein/total amount of anionic surfactant in the washing or cleaning agent is from 0.003 to 0.12, wherein the weight ratio of the total amount of alkylamidopropyl betaine as defined herein/total amount of alkylamidopropyl betaine in the washing or cleaning agent is 0.25 to 1.0, to washing or cleaning methods in which washing or cleaning agents of this kind are used.