Abstract: A printing apparatus including a discharge head that performs scanning movement with respect to a print medium and discharges ink to a surface of the print medium, a signal output unit which includes a reference scale in which optical density changes stepwise along a scanning movement direction of the discharge head and a reading unit that optically reads the reference scale and outputs a signal according to the optical density and in which the reference scale and the reading unit move relatively with each other along with the movement of the discharge head, and a stain detection unit that detects stain of the signal output unit based on a detection result of a strength level of the signal.

Abstract: A mounting structure for a plurality of print head units includes a frame; a rigid support mounted on the frame, the support having a plurality of mounting sites each of which is adapted to hold an individual print head unit; and an adjusting system for positional adjustment of the print head units relative to the frame. Each mounting site has at least one adjusting mechanism for individually adjusting, in at least one degree of freedom, a position of the print head unit that is held in that mounting site.

Abstract: An inkjet printing apparatus for printing an image on an absorbent substrate includes a print head unit and a dust removal device. The absorbent substrate includes a print side and an opposite side and is conveyed between the print-head unit and the dust removal device. The print head unit defines a print zone on the print side. The dust removal device includes a pumping chamber formed of a pre-pumping sub-chamber, a print zone sub-chamber, and a post-pumping sub-chamber, said chambers being positioned at the opposite side. The pre-pumping sub-chamber is positioned substantially upstream from the print zone. The print zone sub-chamber is positioned substantially at the print zone. The post-pumping sub-chamber is positioned downstream from the print zone.

Abstract: A printer system includes a print head, the print head oriented with a first end at a height above a substrate. A support arm extends laterally with respect to the print head. A camera is disposed on the support arm a fixed height above the substrate, such that the camera can be adjusted laterally with respect to the print head. The camera is disposed at an angle with respect to vertical to the substrate. A product detect mechanism is disposed laterally on the support arm with respect to the print head. A controller is in communication with the camera and the product detect mechanism, wherein the system is configured so that the camera can verify the printing of an image on the substrate.

Abstract: A thermal printer comprises a sheet conveyance mechanism configured to convey a sheet formed by attaching labels on a mount; a ribbon conveyance mechanism configured to convey a ribbon; a thermal head configured to heat the ribbon to carry out printing of printing data on the sheet contacted with the ribbon; and a head moving mechanism configured to control the thermal head if a non-printing area is longer than a first distance based on the printing data to separate the ribbon from the sheet; wherein the ribbon conveyance mechanism stops the conveyance of the ribbon if the non-printing area is longer than the first distance; and the sheet conveyance mechanism controls, if the non-printing area is longer than the first distance, the sheet conveyance speed to a second speed slower than a first speed applied in a case of conveying a printing area.

Abstract: A decoloring apparatus includes a reading unit that reads an image formed on a sheet and outputs image information corresponding to the read image. A control unit is configured to recognize the image information output by the reading unit and determine whether decoloring using the decoloring unit is performed on the sheet based on the recognized image information.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a recording medium comprises an oleophilic substrate and, thereover, a topmost oleophobic layer comprising a cured polymeric silicone matrix that consists essentially of the addition-cure reaction product of a vinyl-functional polydialkylsiloxane and a silane cross-linking agent. The vinyl-functional polydialkylsiloxane has a molecular weight ranging from 30,000 to 75,000 or 110,000 to 130,000. If the molecular weight of the vinyl-functional polydialkylsiloxane is within the range of 30,000 to 75,000, the molar ratio of silane groups to vinyl groups is within the range of about 11:1 to about 25:1; and if the molecular weight of the vinyl-functional polydialkylsiloxane is within the range of 110,000 to 130,000, the molar ratio of silane groups to vinyl groups is from about 5:1 to about 27:1. The recording medium may be used as a lithographic printing plate.

Abstract: Fingerprint lifting systems and related methods are described which enable the collected print(s) to be subjected to analytical techniques that employ relatively high temperatures. The fingerprint lifting systems include a thin layer of a heat resistant pressure sensitive adhesive.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for producing a film element having mutually registered metallic layers (11, 16) and a film element which can be produced by such a process. A first metallic layer (11) provided on a first surface of a flexible single-layer or multi-layer carrier film (10) and a masking layer (13) provided on the second surface of the carrier film (10), opposite to the first surface, are structured in accurate register relationship with each other by means of mutually synchronised structuring procedures. After structuring of the first metallic layer (11) and the masking layer (13) one or more further layers are applied to the first metallic layer (11). Applied to the one or more further layers (15) is a second metallic layer (16) to which a first photoactivatable layer (17) is applied.

Abstract: A writing utensil with a retract piece is provided, with this writing utensil being equipped with a retract piece that is provided on one end side of a shaft tube of a writing utensil body and that goes forward and assumes a projecting state by its own weight when oriented to face downward, and goes backward and assumes a retracting state by its own weight when oriented to face upward, wherein the writing utensil includes: an advancing and retreating member including the retract piece on a front end side thereof and supported to advance/retreat relative to the writing utensil body; and rolling element supported to rotate without advancing/retreating relative to the writing utensil body, and an outer circumferential face of the rolling element contacts a side face of the advancing and retreating member.

Abstract: A pen is provided that utilizes actuating components of a conventional push-button type ballpoint, but which are actuated in a novel and unique manner by the use of an externally mounted lever. The externally mounted and movable lever provides a unique attractiveness to the pen and simulates the lever action used with Early American Western rifles, which in addition to providing a function to the pens, provides an attractive and unique-looking pen which can be combined with other features. A conical nose can be formed of brass which would simulate the end of a bullet and a tubular member can be formed of wood simulating a rifle stock. Also various engraving such as used on many Early American Western rifles can be incorporated into the outer surface of tubular member.

Abstract: An apparatus inserts documents into envelopes and includes a document insert station and a document conveyor that conveys documents to be inserted within envelopes to the document insert station. Each envelope has an envelope opening and a flap to close the opening and defines a hinge line. An envelope feeder feeds envelopes upside down on the hinge line with the flap up into the document insert station and angled from the document conveyor. An insert plate is positioned at the document insert station that receives a document conveyed from the document conveyor and includes orifices though which air is blown onto the envelope fed into the document insert station to open the envelope and receive a document conveyed from the document conveyor.

Abstract: To compensate for inaccuracies in the finishing of a decorative workpiece such as cutting or producing tongue-and-groove profiles to the decorative workpiece, a bleed area is added to the decorative pattern carried by a decoration layer of a decorative workpiece. The bleed area is filled with image content of the decorative pattern. In the bleed area a mark such as a cut mark or a control mark may be digital printed.

Abstract: A paint caddy includes a base having at least two walls and a pole coupled to and extending upwardly from the base. The base has at least one base support extending between the walls for capturing and supporting a paint tray therebetween. The pole has at least a substantially vertical portion and a substantially horizontal portion, with the substantially horizontal portion serving as a handle for carrying a paint tray. A hook extends from the pole and is positioned below and spaced from the handle.

Abstract: An improved chalk line and chalk line hook that eliminates the marking errors of prior art chalk line hooks is claimed and described. The improved chalk line hook comprises a gripping hook, line attachment loop rotatably attached to a surface of the gripping hook, and rotating attachment means which may be a pivot pin. The axis of rotation of the line attachment loop is disposed directly over the securing edge of the gripping hook, eliminating the offset suffered by prior art chalk line hooks. The invention may further comprise a container able to contain powdered chalk and having an aperture for the line to pass through, a rotating reel for dispensing and retrieving chalk line, and line passing through the container aperture and attached to a chalk line hook of the invention. The invention may further comprise a magnet disposed on a surface of the gripping hook.

Abstract: In a step of forming a fixing groove for a wheel disk (20), an inner circumferential end of a first hub hole peripheral portion (41) is squeezed by a protruding portion (D21) of a back die (D2) and a dent portion (D31) of a front die (D3). In this manner, a fixing groove (50) is formed in a back surface of the first hub hole peripheral portion (41). Along with this, an excess material is pushed into the dent portion (D31) so that a protrusion (51) is formed on a front surface of the first hub hole peripheral portion (41). Thus, without requiring a step of cutting the excess material, the fixing groove (50) can be formed in a back surface of a hub hole peripheral portion (30).

Abstract: A center cap is provided for a motor vehicle wheel. That center cap includes a disc-shaped body having a plurality of radially arrayed mounting projections for engaging in a plurality of cooperating slots in the wheel. Further, a motor vehicle wheel is provided. That motor vehicle wheel includes a body incorporating a wheel hub having a central opening defined within a boundary wall and a center cap received and held in the central opening. The center cap includes a plurality of radially arrayed mounting projections while the body includes a matching plurality of slots and tapering channels sized and shaped to receive the plurality of radially arrayed mounting projections.

Abstract: Concepts of an omnidirectional pinion wheel are described. In one embodiment, the wheel includes a hub, first and second annular rims each including inner and outer rim surfaces, spokes that extend from the hub to the first and second annular rims, a pinion ring including pinion rods that extend between the inner surfaces of the first and second annular rims, and first and second annular rings of rollers affixed on the outer surfaces of the first and second annular rims. Using an axis of freedom of the rollers, the wheel can move sideways in addition to forward and backward. Further, when used with a vertical rack gear, the wheel can provide vertical displacement by engagement between teeth of the gear and the pinion ring. Additionally, various racks and tracks with teeth for pinion ring engagement are described along with an example vehicle capable of vertical displacement using the wheels.

Abstract: A bicycle wheel including a hub and a rim coupled to the hub. The wheel also includes a cover that is coupled to rim and that defines a bead seat engageable by a tire. The rim can have a first annular feature and the cover can have a second annular feature that is complementary to the first annular feature to attach the cover to the rim.

Abstract: A hub-bearing assembly provided with a bearing unit and a rotatable rotor-hub. The bearing unit includes a stationary radially outer ring, a couple of rotatable radially inner rings, and a double row of rolling elements, wherein the rolling elements are interposed between the outer ring and the inner rings, whose centers are located along a first circle having a radius, with respect to a symmetry axis of the assembly. The rotor-hub is made of a light alloy. A tubular portion is assembled on top of the radially inner rings. The tubular portion is steadily fixed a flange portion, axially external and includes a plurality of fixing holes. Axes of the fixing holes are located along a second circle defined by a radius respective to the symmetry axis of the assembly. The radius of the first circle (rolling elements) is greater than the radius of the second circle (fixing holes).

Abstract: A retractable caster assembly includes a frame and a caster wheel assembly. The caster wheel assembly has a wheel and two guide members. The assembly is configured with the guide members movable along slots within the frame so that when the caster wheel assembly is at a first end of the slots the wheel is in a retracted position substantially within the cavity, and so that when the caster wheel assembly is at a second end of the slots the wheel is in an extended position extending from the cavity. A package may have at least one cavity, each cavity for receiving a retractable caster wheel assembly to make a wheeled package.

Abstract: Tire comprising a tread (40) extending between an outboard axial edge (45) and an inboard axial edge (46), over a width L, in which the tread comprises at least 4 circumferential ribs (411-414) separated by grooves (421-423), in which the circumferential rib (411) adjacent to the outboard axial edge of the tread extends from the outboard axial edge over a width of at least 0.6·L and comprises a portion (411a) with a width of at least 0.1·L made from a first rubber composition and an axially adjacent second portion (411b) made from a second rubber composition, the first rubber composition having values for the elastic modulus at 300% deformation, the Shore A hardness and the complex modulus G* at 60° C. which are respectively comprised between 1.1 and 2.1 times, 0.95 times and 1.20 times, and 1.00 times and 2.10 times the corresponding values of the second rubber composition.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire with five land parts formed by four circumferential main grooves wherein middle land parts each include a first sub groove and a second sub groove that are formed independently and arranged alternately in the tire circumferential direction on two sides of the middle land part in the tire width direction, the first sub groove being formed by the lug groove having one end thereof opening to one of the circumferential main grooves and the other end terminating in the middle land part, the second sub groove being formed by the lug groove having one end thereof opening to one of the circumferential main grooves and the other end terminating in the middle land part, and the middle land part further includes a concave part on a wall on an outer side of the middle land part in the tire width direction and spaced by each sub groove.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a tread band for a tire, said tread band having two sides with a predetermined distance D between these two sides and a centre. Indeed the tread band has a plurality of blocks, each block extending continuously in a curved manner to one side of the tread band towards the centre of this tread band with no groove separating this block in different parts, the block following a certain curvature C. All or part of the blocks of the plurality of blocks include a main sipe extending in the block and following the same curvature C, this sipe separating the block in two half parts.

Abstract: A method of determining tire pressure includes providing a control unit which comprises a pressure sensor. The control unit is in fluid communication with a wheel valve via a fluid control circuit. A pressure of air in the fluid control circuit is measured utilizing the pressure sensor. The method also includes determining whether a leak is present in a fluid control circuit and providing a leakage compensation pressure. The tire pressure is calculated by adding the pressure of the air in the fluid control circuit and the leakage compensation pressure together.

Abstract: A tire assembly includes a tire having a tire cavity and first and second sidewalls extending respectively from first and second tire bead regions to a tire tread region. The first sidewall has at least one bending region operatively bending within a rolling tire footprint and a sidewall groove defined by groove sidewalls positioned within the bending region of the first tire sidewall. The groove deforms segment by segment between a non-deformed state and a deformed constricted state in response to the bending of the first sidewall bending region within the rolling tire footprint. The sidewall groove, at an unloaded and fully pressurized condition, has a groove length of 2.0 mm to 2.2 mm and a groove angle of 30° to 31° relative to a road surface of the tire.

Abstract: An integrated sensing unit and method that involves wirelessly transmitting tire pressure sensor readings and wheel speed readings to a control module in a vehicle. Sensor circuitry for a tire pressure monitoring (TPM) system can be used with an inertial measurement unit (IMU) in an integrated sensing unit to facilitate the wireless transmittance of wheel speed data. In an exemplary embodiment, the wheel speed data from the integrated sensing unit provides a redundant measure of wheel speed that can prolong the availability of vehicle systems that rely upon wheel speed, despite a potential malfunction of one or more typical wheel speed sensors.

Abstract: A smart tag assembly is designed for mounting on an object to be tracked. The smart tag assembly comprises a multiple layer RFID laminate adapted for electronically storing and processing data, and wireless communicating data when interrogated by an RFID reader. The laminate comprises an RFID inlay including a microchip and antenna formed with a substrate, and laminated between an outside label cover and backing. A low-profile tag carrier defines a recessed pocket designed for receiving and holding the RFID laminate.

Abstract: A tyre is described that includes a casing defining a cavity and equipped to receive an object, such as an electronic circuit, for example, through use of a two-part attachment, such as a touch-close attachment, of which a first part is fixed to a wall of the casing and a second part can be joined to the first part when placed in contact with the first part to keep the object on the casing in a service position. The first part of the attachment includes connection elements that are an integral part of the wall of the casing of the tyre. The connection elements allow these two parts to have freedom to move relative to each other, thereby limiting the transmission of stresses, which affect the wall of the tyre, to the object. The connection elements may be loops of flexible thread formed by the extremities of turns of a coiled thread integrated into the wall of the tyre during the tyre's manufacture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for monitoring tire pressure according to a tire characteristic.

Abstract: A dolly stabilizer is mounted onto a rear end of a trailer and has a stabilizer plate, a stabilizer pin, and a control box. The stabilizer plate is mounted to a chassis having at least one pair wheels. The stabilizer plate may comprise a plurality of mounting holes. It includes a dolly tongue stabilizer pin hole that receives the stabilizer pin. The stabilizer plate includes an internal piston that is selectively driven into a recess or opening in the stabilizer pin to straighten a position of a subsequent trailer or dolly relative to a preceding one. The control box includes a pneumatic input for receiving pressurized air and a pneumatic output to brakes on the dolly. A speed sensor may be coupled to the control box for allowing speed control of the dolly wheels. Electrical connections accept power for operating lights and other electrical devices on the dolly.

Abstract: A maneuverable platform capable of operating on both fluid bodies (e.g., lakes, rivers, oceans, etc. in either liquid or frozen form) and land is provided. The platform has an above water portion formed of one or more sections onto discrete sections of which are positioned a number of buoyant propulsion members configured to support the above water portion and engage a fluid body or the ground to collectively provide support, propulsion and steering for the platform. The buoyant propulsion members are configured such that they provide buoyancy to the platform when the platform is at rest and lift when the platform reaches a specified hydrodynamic speed such that the platform planes atop the fluid of the fluid body during operation. The maneuverable platform, including the above water portion and the buoyant propulsion members, may be modular such that the platform may be split into sections of predetermined configuration to operate independently.

Abstract: An independent suspension system includes two suspension oil cylinders, respectively arranged between wheels at two sides and a frame: and a steering mechanism, configured to be driven by a steering booster oil cylinder to drive the wheels at two sides to turn. The independent system also includes two swing links arranged corresponding to the wheels at two sides, an end at one side of each of the swing links is hinged to a wheel hub of the wheel at the corresponding side via a spherical hinge, and an end at another side of each of the swing links is hinged to a fixing member fixed below a main speed reducer via two spherical hinges respectively along a fore-and-aft direction. A crane having the independent suspension system is further provided.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein consists of an active electromechanical suspension and power generation system using an accelerometer connected to a controller. The electromechanical suspension consists of a geared motor and spring, which are used to isolate the vehicle chassis from the wheel, with the motor also functioning as a generator. The controller uses a 3-axis accelerometer's data to determine which direction to turn the motor and when to turn it.

Abstract: A heating and cooling module for controlling the temperature of at least two coolant circuits, having an evaporator region and a condenser region. The evaporator region has a first flow section through which a first coolant can flow, and the condenser region has a second flow section through which a second coolant can flow. The heating and cooling module has a third flow section through which a refrigerant can flow. The evaporator region and the condenser region are arranged on a common base plate which has the fluid inlets and the fluid outlets for the first coolant, the second coolant, and the refrigerant. The base plate has flow channels, through each of which one of the coolants or the refrigerant can flow. The evaporator region and the condenser region are fluidically connected to the respective fluid inlets and the respective fluid outlets of the base plate via the flow channels.

Abstract: An operator station (100) for a work vehicle comprises a roof, a roof (102), that defines an outside air inlet (201); a floor (115); several windows (106) extending between the floor (115) and the roof (102) that together define in enclosed operator compartment; an operator seat (108) disposed within the operator compartment; an air-conditioning module (112) disposed adjacent to the floor (115); a first air conduit extending between an outside air inlet (201) and the air-conditioning module (112); and a second air conduit extending between the air-conditioning module (112) and a first conditioned air outlet of the roof (102).

Abstract: In this vehicular air-conditioning device, an inner wall surface along a width direction of an air-conditioning casing is provided with guide portions each extending in a vertical direction. The guide portions are recessed on the outside in the width direction, forming recesses with respect to the inner wall surface. When an evaporator is inserted from above the air-conditioning casing and assembled inside, second seal portions of side plates disposed on side surfaces of the evaporator are respectively inserted into the guide portions, whereby the evaporator is guided along the vertical direction. The guide portions further include an entry portion disposed at an upper end portion of a first guide wall and expanding in a direction away from a second guide wall. Thus, the evaporator can be inserted into the air-conditioning casing from above in a preferable manner.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning apparatus is provided that can prevent temperature variations of the air after the heat exchange in a radiator to reliably control the temperature of the air supplied to the vehicle interior. During the heating operation and the heating and dehumidifying operation, target degree of supercooling SCt when target air-blowing temperature TAO is a predetermined temperature or higher is set to SCt1 that is greater than SCt2 when the target air-blowing temperature TAO is lower than the predetermined temperature. When amount of air Ga supplied from indoor fan 12 is lower than a predetermined value, the target degree of supercooling SCt is corrected, which is set such that the degree of supercooling is lower than target degree of supercooling corrected when the amount of air Ga supplied from the indoor fan 12 is a predetermined value or higher.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus includes a heat exchange unit including a condenser that radiates heat of refrigerant discharged from a compressor, and an evaporator that expands the refrigerant flowing out of the condenser using an expanding device and then absorbs ambient heat into the evaporator, the condenser and the evaporator being connected to each other. According to operation mode, air to be supplied to a vehicle interior selectively exchanges heat with the condenser or the evaporator, or sequentially exchanges heat with the condenser and the evaporator. A subcooler that cools the refrigerant flowing out of the condenser before the refrigerant is expanded by the expanding device is provided. The subcooler is disposed at a position below the evaporator and to which condensed water flows down.

Abstract: A heating/cooling module having a condenser region, an evaporator region, and at least one fluid distribution region. The condenser region has a first flow section which can be flowed through by a refrigerant and a second flow section which can be flowed through by a coolant. The evaporator region has a third flow section which can be flowed through by a refrigerant and a fourth flow section which can be flowed through by a coolant. The flow sections are formed by a plurality of flow ducts which are configured between the individual disc elements which form the heating/cooling module. A first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet are provided, via which the condenser region can be flowed through with a coolant. A second inlet and a second outlet are provided, via which the evaporator region can be flowed through with a coolant.

Abstract: An air vent apparatus for a vehicle, which is disposed to supply air into an interior of a vehicle may include a duct housing opened at front and rear sides thereof, at least one blade disposed at a rear side in the duct housing horizontally in a width direction of the vehicle, and having both ends rotatably coupled, a knob mounted on one blade among the at least one blade so as to be slidable in the width direction of the vehicle and a front and rear direction of the vehicle, and adjust an angle of the blade, and a diffuser device mounted in the duct housing at a position spaced apart from a front side of the blade, connected with the knob, adjusting an angle in a left and right direction, and selectively diffusing the supplied air in accordance with a manipulation of the knob.

Abstract: A bonding structure of vehicle members includes a first member formed of resin in a shape of a panel and in which a ridge line is formed by an angular portion divided with respect to a curvature of other portion of a surface thereof, a second member formed in a shape of a panel with resin or metal having a smaller thermal expansion coefficient than the first member, an outside bonding portion provided on an outer edge side of the first member to bond together the first member and the second member, and an inside bonding portion provided inside of the outside bonding portion in a plane direction of the first member and bonds together the first member and the second member, at least one of plural apexes in a proximity of the outside bonding portion overlapping the ridge line when viewed from outside of the vehicle.

Abstract: A tarp distributing apparatus includes a tarp guide device held in an immobile condition adjacent to and extending upright to above a rear location on a truck load bed so as to establish the height to which a tarp can be moved to above and over the rear of a cargo on the truck load bed, a tarp draught device mounted in a mobile condition adjacent to and extending upright to above the truck load bed forwardly of the tarp guide device so as to undergo movement relative thereto and along the truck load bed for engaging and pulling the tarp relative to the tarp guide device forwardly over the cargo, and an actuation mechanism configured to manipulate and move the tarp draught device relative to the tarp guide device and the cargo so as to accomplish distributing the tarp over at least a portion of the cargo.

Abstract: A canopy assembly for a ride-on vehicle includes a canopy having a plurality of receivers positioned on a bottom surface of the canopy, and a plurality of canopy supports that matches in number that of the plurality of receivers. Each of the plurality of canopy supports includes at a top a connector that is configured to securely engage one of the receivers. Additionally, each of the plurality of canopy supports includes a bottom end that is configured to securely fit within a receiving aperture formed in the body of the ride-on vehicle, thereby attaching the canopy assembly to the ride-on vehicle.

Abstract: A battery frame including: a battery frame main body made of resin that is disposed at a vehicle body lower side of a floor panel and that supports a battery; and a ductile member made of metal that is integrally provided to the battery frame main body, that is fastened and fixed to a lower face side of the floor panel, and to which the battery is fastened and fixed.

Abstract: A cradle assembly includes a body having a front end, a rear end, a first side, a second side, and a length defined between its front end and rear end. The body has a first elongated member disposed along the first side of the body between its front and rear ends and a second elongated member disposed along the second side of the body between its front and rear ends. The body has a pump mount positioned at the front end and coupled between the first member and the second member. A flywheel cover is coupled between the first member and the second member at a location between the front end and rear end. The body also has a coupling mechanism disposed at its rear end and coupled between the first member and the second member, the coupling mechanism adapted to be coupled to a chassis of a work machine.

Abstract: A series hydraulic hybrid system for a vehicle is described. The hydraulic hybrid system has a hydraulic circuit and a high pressure accumulator. The hydraulic circuit has a first hydraulic displacement unit in fluid communication with a second hydraulic displacement unit. The high pressure hydraulic accumulator is in fluid communication with the hydraulic circuit and a low pressure hydraulic accumulator in fluid communication with the hydraulic circuit. The high pressure hydraulic accumulator is in fluid communication with the hydraulic circuit through a proportional flow control valve. The proportional flow control valve is adapted to continuously vary a flow of hydraulic fluid between the high pressure hydraulic accumulator and the hydraulic circuit.

Abstract: A transmission includes a main gear set, an auxiliary gear set and an electric motor with a rotor and a stator. A third shaft of the main gear set is connected to the transmission output shaft, and a first shaft of the auxiliary gear set is connected to the rotor. When a second shaft of the main gear set is constantly connected to a second shaft of the auxiliary gear set, the third shaft of the main gear set or a fourth shaft of the main gear set is constantly connected to the third shaft of the auxiliary gear set. When the third shaft of the main gear set is constantly connected to the second shaft of the auxiliary gear set, the fourth shaft of the main gear set is constantly connected to the third shaft of the auxiliary gear set.

Abstract: A selectable one-way clutch to prevent an unintentional engagement, and a vehicle having the selectable one-way clutch are provided. The selectable one-way clutch comprises a fixed plate, a rotary plate opposed to the fixed plate, and a selector plate interposed between the fixed plate and the rotary plate. A strut is held on the fixed plate in a pivotal manner to be selectively engaged with the rotary plate. The selector plate is rotated between an engagement position at which the strut is allowed to project toward the rotary plate to be engaged therewith, and a disengagement position at which the strut is pushed into the fixed plate to be disengaged from the rotary plate. A groove inlet is formed on the inner face to introduce oil to a clearance between the fixed plate and the selector plate.

Abstract: A motor-vehicle hybrid powertrain unit comprises an internal combustion engine for driving the rear wheels of the motor-vehicle and one or two electric motors for driving the front wheels of the motor-vehicle. The internal combustion engine has an engine block below which there is provided no oil sump. The one or two electric motors are arranged immediately below the block of the internal combustion engine in the space, which in a conventional engine, is occupied by the oil sump.