Abstract: A structure for transferring heat from a heat producing element to a heat sink includes a first layer including a first flat heat pipe array of a substantially parallel and adjacent heat pipes for conveying heat substantially along a first array axis and configured to be thermally coupled to the heat producing element. A second layer includes a second flat heat pipe array of substantially parallel and adjacent heat pipes for conveying heat substantially along a second array axis. The first flat heat pipe array and the second flat heat pipe array partially overlap and are in thermal contact. The first array axis and the second array axis form a nonzero angle, so that the second flat heat pipe array extends beyond the first flat heat pipe array. The second flat heat pipe array is configured to be thermally coupled to the heat sink.

Abstract: A vapor chamber having no gas discharging protrusion includes: a lower shell member, formed with an upper surface divided into an inner zone and an outer zone and an outer peripheral wall formed with a planar surface, the inner zone is formed with capillary channels, the outer zone is formed with a recess, and one thereof is communicated with at least one of the capillary channels and the other end thereof penetrates the planar surface; and an upper shell member, engaged with the upper surface and sealed with the lower shell member, and a gas discharging hole is formed between the recess and the upper shell member. Accordingly, a conventional gas discharging protrusion is not required on the vapor chamber thereby advantages of small and thin in volume and compact in structure being provided.

Abstract: A slim vapor chamber includes a first plate, a second plate and a capillary structure. The periphery of the second plate is connected with that of the first plate to form a chamber. The capillary structure is disposed in the chamber. At least one of a side of the first plate facing the second plate and a side of the second plate facing the first plate is formed with a plurality of supporting structures, which include a plurality of supporting pillars and a plurality of supporting plates, by an etching process.

Abstract: An internal melt ice thermal storage device having an ice build/melt coils with tubes fitted with extensions or “fins” that transfer heat from the thermal transfer medium in the tubes to distal portions of the ice rings that surround said tubes in order to define the shape of the liquid meniscus between the tube and ice allowing the ice to break free from the tube near the initiation of melt.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to devices formed from three-dimensional (3D) structures composed of metallic, ceramic or polymeric wires or bundles and yarns of wires that are either solid or hollow like a tube. The devices of the present invention offer the potential for 3D structures with multiple properties optimized concurrently, in some cases using a topology optimization routine that includes the 3D manufacturing constraints. The properties can be optimized in different directions. The 3D structures of the present invention include multiple properties that are optimized for a range of different applications, including heat transfer. The present invention also includes the methods for optimization of the 3D structures as well as methods of use of the 3D structures in heat transfer applications.

Abstract: This disclosure includes a heat exchanging apparatus, comprising a heat exchanger plate comprising a plurality of flow passages, and wherein each flow passage comprises at least one surface feature configured to change the flow characteristics of a linear flow along an axis of flow for the flow passage. The disclosure further includes a method of constructing a heat exchanger, comprising using additive manufacturing to form a first plate having a plurality of flow passages, wherein each of the flow passages has one or more integral surface features, wherein the integral surface features are configured to change the flow characteristics of a fluid flowed linearly along an axis of flow for the flow passage.

Abstract: The disclosure includes a heat exchanging apparatus, comprising a heat exchanger plate comprising a plurality of flow passages, and wherein each flow passage comprises at least one surface feature configured to change the flow characteristics of a linear flow along an axis of flow for the flow passage. The disclosure further includes a method of constructing a heat exchanger, comprising using additive manufacturing to form a first plate having a plurality of flow passages, wherein each of the flow passages has one or more integrally formed surface features, wherein the integrally formed surface features are configured to change the flow characteristics of a fluid flowed linearly along an axis of flow for the flow passage.

Abstract: Embodiments of a thermal management system are provided herein. In some embodiments, a thermal management system may include a base plate; and a plurality of three dimensional fins coupled to the base, wherein each of the plurality of three dimensional fins comprises a first portion extending away from the base in a first direction and a second a portion extending away from the first portion in a second direction different from the first direction.

Abstract: A heat exchanger has a rectangular-shaped core having a plurality of fluid passages extending in a width direction and air fins interleaved between said fluid passages. The heat exchanger has tanks that define fluid manifolds located at opposite ends of the core and fluidly connected by the plurality of fluid passages between the tanks. The tanks each include a tank section with open ends and end caps that enclose the ends of the tank section. The tanks are assembled and attached to the core such that each of the end caps is located at each of four corners of the rectangular-shaped core.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1) for the exchange of heat between a first and a second fluid, notably for supplying air to a motor vehicle combustion engine, comprising at least one heat exchange core bundle (5) through which the first fluid passes and a casing (7) in which said heat exchange core bundle (5) is housed so that the second fluid can pass through it, said heat exchanger (1) comprising at least one seal (9) placed between said heat exchange core bundle (5) and said casing (7) so as to limit the extent to which the second fluid can bypass the core bundle (5).

Abstract: A compliant heating system includes a dynamic component including a heat exchanger; a pressure vessel shell encompassing at least a portion of the heat exchanger; and a compressive seal expansion that connects the dynamic component and the pressure vessel shell.

Abstract: A water cooling device with detachably assembled modularized units includes at least one modularized pump unit and at least one modularized heat exchange unit. Different number of the modularized heat exchange unit can be detachably assembled to the modularized pump unit according to the number of heat sources to be cooled.

Abstract: A heat exchanger apparatus containing a heat exchanger and a thermally actuated bypass valve is described. The heat exchanger has a plurality of plates defining a first, a second and a bypass channels. A first fluid inlet manifold is in fluid communication with the first and the bypass channels. The bypass valve is positioned in the first fluid inlet manifold, and contains a sleeve having a first slot and a second slot, that permit fluid flow from a first fluid inlet to the bypass channel and to the first fluid inlet manifold, respectively. A drum is positioned within the sleeve and is movable from a first position to a second position. The drum has an aperture permitting first fluid flow to the first slot in the first position and to the second slot in the second position. An actuator engages the drum and actuates it to move from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A firetube scraper device comprising: at least one carriage assembly mounted on the firetube; a drive line and drive means for displacing the carriage assembly longitudinally along the firetube; wherein said carriage assembly surrounding the entire circumference of the firetube and comprising at least one row of scraper fins, each of said scraper fins having an inner surface adapted to frictionally engage an outer firetube surface defined by at least an upper portion of the surface of the firetube exposed to contaminants deposited onto a firetube surface.

Abstract: An M240 machine gun barrel assembly with a barrel with a muzzle end at the distal end of the barrel and a breach end at the proximal end of the barrel; a handle connector connecting the barrel to a handle assembly; and the handle assembly having a free end and a connected end, the connected end operably connected to the handle connector; the handle assembly operable between a first position with the free end of the handle assembly pointing proximally and a second position with the free end of the handle assembly pointing distally.

Abstract: A firearm comprising an upper receiver and a charging handle is disclosed. A charging handle is coupled to the upper receiver and comprises a handle assembly rotationally coupled to a main body about a first and a second pivot point. The handle assembly includes a first handle having an edge nearest the main body and a latch extending from the first handle parallel to the main body for interfacing with the upper receiver in a first position, a second handle having an edge nearest the main body, and a plunger interfacing with the edge of the first handle and the edge of the second handle, and a spring, such that when force is applied to either handle, the plunger is pushed into the main body and energy is transferred to the handles, moving the latch into a second position.

Abstract: A system and method for using a firearm magazine are described. One example includes a firearm magazine assembly. The assembly has a housing defining a cartridge track, the housing having a distal end having feed lips for feeding cartridges to a firearm and a proximal end. The assembly also has a follower assembly having a follower and a spring. The follower has a proximal side and a distal side and is movable between a compressed position and an extended position. The follower engages the housing in the extended position without biasing the feed lips away from each other, whereby the follower prevents creep of the distal end of the housing when the follower is in the extended position.

Abstract: A loading apparatus and method for use with a firearm, which may be most suited for use with a bolt-action rifle having an internal magazine. The loading apparatus comprises an arcuate shaped body having a coextensive track, flap member, and access slot, and a guidance element, all of which combine to provide an apparatus that increases the ease and speed of loading the firearm.

Abstract: Provided are trigger safety devices for a gun configured to conveniently lock/unlock the trigger. Generally, the trigger safety device comprises a first component, a second component, means for releasably limiting the positions of the second component and an alarm module. The first component is attached to the barrel portion of a gun. The second component is either hingedly attached to the first component or slidably attached to the outer surface of the first component. The alarm module is disposed in the first component and is configured to alert a user when the trigger safety device is unlocked. In general, the alarm module comprises one or more sensors, a power supply, an alarm notice generator and a control system in electrical communication with the sensors, power supply and the alarm notice generator.

Abstract: A trigger block and tamper notification system for use on a firearm includes a main enclosure assembly with an engagement element receivable through a trigger guard and a slide assembly having a complemental element releasably engaging the engagement element on an opposing side of the trigger guard. A magnetic reed switch is carried within the engagement element and a switch magnet is mounted in the slide assembly adjacent the complemental element so as to be in a position adjacent the magnetic reed switch when the slide assembly is engaged with the main enclosure assembly. A control module includes a signaling element activated when the switch magnet is moved from the position adjacent the reed switch.

Abstract: A tunable muzzle compensator for a weapon such as a firearm that includes a tube that extends the barrel of the weapon by fitting over the muzzle or is directly integrated into the barrel. This center tube, or modified barrel includes one or more holes along its length. One or more removable sections that have gas exit ports at various predetermined angles fit over the center section. Removable sections can be rotated to either turn off top holes on the center tube or to choose different angles of gas discharge The total effect of all the removable sections represents a particular tuning for the weapon. The weapon can be very quickly tuned on the range or in the field to compensate for weight of the projectile, the charge, and the shooting style by simply replacing and/or reversing removable sections with sections that have different angles of discharge.

Abstract: An adjustable archery training bow assembly includes a single resistance element and an adjustment mechanism that can be actuated by a user to vary the tension level in the resistance element for training purposes. The training bow also includes an integrated laser sight that allows the user to precisely aim at a target. The adjustable archery training bow is used to enhance the user's skills, such as his/her strength, stability and accuracy in delivering an arrow fired from a real, non-training bow to the target.

Abstract: A collapsible buttstock with automatic deployment has a housing with an opening providing clearance for a buffer tube. Rods slidably couple through respective openings in the housing; the rods each having a hollow cavity accommodating biasing structure for exerting a biasing force against a respective attachment member. A locking element has locking blocks, each engaging a respective one of plural notches on the rods, for locking the rods to an operator support buttstock element, each of the locking blocks comprising a tapered surface. A release trigger with a contoured step engages the tapered surfaces of the locking blocks. When the release trigger is moved, the contoured step engages the tapered surfaces to push locking blocks away from engagement with the notches on the rods, thus allowing the biasing member in each rod to push the respective rod and the operator support buttstock element away from the housing.

Abstract: An apparatus to couple a handguard to a firearm having a barrel nut, wherein the barrel nut includes a cylindrical portion and an outwardly protruding flange with a plurality of scalloped regions, the apparatus comprising at least one handguard mounting member, the handguard mounting member providing a collar configured to at least partially circumscribe the cylindrical portion of the barrel nut, and the least one handguard mounting member configured to fit in at least one of the scalloped regions of the plurality of scalloped regions of the barrel nut to inhibit rotation of the at least one handguard mounting member relative to the barrel nut.

Abstract: Fore-end half stock (hand guard) internal rail mounts for a rifle allows rifle accessories to be internally attached to the hand guard. Internal rails are positioned about the axis of the rifle barrel to align the rifle accessory.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for event representation in duel shooting. Known devices have the disadvantage that, in order to practice duel shooting, it is always necessary to modify a shooting range. The aim of the invention is to create a device for duel shooting which does not require complicated modification of a shooting range. This aim is achieved according to the invention in that a visualizing unit is provided for representing events, which is positionable within the range of perception of the marksman's eye.

Abstract: A firearm sight system with an adjustable mirror is provided that solves the above-described problems. The system includes a rail mount coupled to a top surface of a firearm, the rail mount configured for coupling with multiple firearm accessories; a sight coupled to a top surface of the rail mount, such that the sight is configured for aiming the firearm; a base coupled to a top surface of the rail mount, such that the base is situated behind the sight; an arm hingeably coupled with the base and swivelly coupled to the base; and a mirror coupled to the arm, such that the mirror is situated behind the sight, wherein the mirror is configured to be rotated about the hinge and about the swivel to reflect the image provided by the sight to the user, at any position of the user in relation to the firearm.

Abstract: A cover for a receiver of a gun that may include an elongated member having a first longitudinal axis, the elongated member including a distal end portion which may include a leading edge which is configured and dimensioned to connect with a gun part, and a proximal end portion which is spaced from the distal end portion along the first longitudinal axis. The elongated member may include a first locking mechanism adjacent the proximal end wall. The first locking mechanism may be secured to a recoil spring guide of the gun. Also, the elongated member may include a second locking mechanism adjacent the distal end portion. The second locking mechanism may be secured to a rear sight base of the gun. The elongated member may include an accessory rail.

Abstract: A full ballistic shield that can be carried by hand by an individual to protect that individual from bullets and the like in both the bottom portion of the body and the upper portion of the body, including the head and shoulders. The upper portion of the shield is a clear, unframed plastic plate that enhances the field of view of the user and provides extra protection.

Abstract: A blast attenuating seat system for protecting a vehicle occupant from impulses generated by blasts from underneath the vehicle, and methods for manufacturing and using same. The blast attenuating seat system includes a post, a mounting body coupled to a portion of the post and a seat assembly movably coupled to the mounting body configured to move relative to the post and mounting body. The seat assembly includes a seat body having a seat support structure configured to support a plurality of seat cushions and a shock assembly coupling the seat body and mounting body and configured to compress and expand such that the seat assembly moves relative to the post and mounting body. The blast attenuating seat system thereby provides/enables improved protection for vehicle occupants that may be exposed to explosive blasts.

Abstract: Systems and methods for drone mitigation, or the deterrence of aerial drones from flying in an given area, are described. The systems and methods take advantage of the fact that destabilization of a drone can be accomplished by externally changing the performance of one or more of its propeller driven systems. In doing so, the drone is incapable of maintaining stability in flight, thereby causing the remote controlled pilot to force a retreat, or risk and result in a crash of the drone. Embodiments utilizing sonic energy and liquids are described.

Abstract: An exploding target features a hard-walled container containing ammonium nitrate therein and a flexible bag containing particulate aluminum therein disposed in the container. An explosive mixture is formed by mixing the oxidizing and sensitizing components in the container according to one aspect of the invention. In another aspect of the invention, each pair of opposing upstanding container walls are in parallel relation thereto and have uniform spacing therebetween from the bottom to the top thereof so that the amount of explosive mixture contained between each pair of opposing walls along the depth therebetween is uniform across the surface area of each wall. In a further aspect, each wall has a visually distinguishable feature for distinguishing from the other walls and from the external environment. In a further aspect of the invention, the aluminum comprises a combination of fine and coarse grades of aluminum particles for improving sensitivity to bullet impact.

Abstract: The ignition device according to the present disclosure implements in a reliable manner a one-time transient switching process for high voltages (>1.5 kV) and high currents (>3 kA) in combination with a minimal space requirement, maximum environmental durability and at the same time low cost expenditure by integrating the essential components on a flexible printed circuit system.

Abstract: A cylindrical carbon fiber arrow shaft formed with an increased external diameter of 0.380 inches. This arrow shaft is formed with an axial bore which has a first internal diameter throughout a substantial portion of the shaft length, and a second, smaller, internal diameter throughout the fletching end of the arrow. The second internal diameter corresponds to the internal diameter of standard arrows having external diameters of 0.295 inches. Using this standard internal diameter at the fletching-end of the arrow, standard nooks may be used without the need for any spacer or insert, thereby decreasing fletching-end weight significantly and providing for the proper and more desired location of the center of gravity forward on the arrow.

Abstract: The archery arrow having improved flight characteristics of the present invention is designed to improve the accuracy of the arrow which is equipped with a dampening medium within the central bore of the arrow shaft. The dampening materials in an embodiment may include, but not be limited to, silicon, epoxies or urethanes and selection of various dampening materials may provide for varying degrees of stiffness. The dampening effects of internal dampening materials decrease the initial deflection distance of the arrow and also serves to decrease the deflection with each oscillation. In addition, the dampening medium adopted in the present invention provides for an arrow having a selectable center of gravity location that has improved flight characteristics. Thus, the dampening materials adopted in the present invention provide for a selected location of center of gravity and a desired attnuation of oscillations.

Abstract: An embodiment in accordance with the present invention provides a method for creating and consolidating fragments and a useable structure formed from said consolidated fragments. The method includes swaging a metal powder into a first consolidated structure. The consolidated structure is ground to form particles and the particles are sifted to select those with a predetermined diameter. The particles having the predetermined diameter can then be swaged into a second consolidated structure. The resultant second consolidated structure is therefore configured to fragment controllably. The second consolidated structure can also be formed from reactive metal laminates such that the structure also has chemical energy.

Abstract: A dispensing unit and system for area suppression and/or countermeasure materials includes at least one canister with two ends, a support rod including a portion extending between the ends along an axis rotatably engaged with the first end, a wall defining a cavity for housing at least one material bundle, an aperture in the first end for dispensing material from the bundle, and a support structure providing horizontal support for the at least one canister. Dispensing systems include a roving cutting mechanism.

Abstract: A lid for a paintball container is disclosed which comprises a body, a means for connecting said lid to said paintball container, aa first opening to transfer at least one paintball from said container into the lid, a second opening to transfer at least one paintball to outside of the lid; and a rotatable door for controlling the release of a paintball. The advantages of the present invention are that said lid can be operated rapidly and single handedly. It is a further advantage of the invention, that the lid does not require an adaptor or collar for use with the hopper of a paintball gun, the collar portion of the lid of the present invention being inserted into the hopper prior to opening thus preventing any individual paint balls being spilled during transfer from the pod to the desired location via the lid.

Abstract: An arrangement for locking arming conditions to prevent unintentional arming of SAI-units of ammunition units when the ammunition unit is subjected to external threats. A ring shaped shape memory alloy is provided in cooperation with a recess in a plunger arranged in connection to the SAI-unit and a fixed recess to prevent the plunger from axial movement when subjected to heating by changing the shape of the essentially ring shaped shape memory alloy to lock the plunger relative to the fixed recess.

Abstract: A measuring device includes a housing and a caliper positioned inside the housing. The housing has a proximal end and a distal end and defines an axis from the proximal end to the distal end. The caliper includes a first measurement probe extending out of the housing in a first direction, a second measurement probe adjustably coupled to the first measurement probe, the second measurement probe extending out of the housing in a second direction that is substantially opposite of the first direction, and measurement circuitry configured for transmitting a measurement signal based on the relative positions of the first and second measurement probes.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to an indicator assembly for indicating an orientation between a vehicle seat back and a seat bottom. The indicator assembly can include an outer plate assembly that is configured to be supported by the seat bottom, and a movable plate that is movably supported by the outer plate assembly. A biasing device can apply a biasing force to bias the movable plate toward the seat back when the outer plate assembly is supported by the seat bottom to thereby define a projecting portion of the movable plate. The biasing device can enable the movable plate to move upon application of a force to the projecting portion that is greater than the biasing force. An indicator can indicate a relative orientation between the seat back and the seat bottom based on the amount of movement of the movable plate.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for analysis of synthetic ropes, cords, slings, cables and belts (collectively termed “ropes”) including but not limited to ropes for bearing loads as well as fibre optic cables. The ropes are provided with one or more elements for magnetic detection, wherein the magnetic detection elements each comprise a metal fibre or an appropriately treated synthetic fibre. The methods and apparatuses encompass detection of induced or residual magnetism or magnetic flux in the magnetic detection element(s), to sense for example lay length and/or damage, breakage or wear of the magnetic detection element(s), indicative of the condition of the rope.

Abstract: A measuring kit for contactless measuring of the air gap distance between a frame mounted pole and core of a rotor includes a capacitance sensor which generates a signal proportional to the measured air gap, a panel meter in communication with the capacitance sensor which interprets the signal and displays the minimum air gap distance, an A/D converter also in communication with the capacitance sensor which converts the signal to a digitized signal, and a control panel which takes the digitized signal from the A/D converter, processes the digitized signal, and then displays the minimum air gap measurement. The control panel shows a graphic of the core and its surrounding poles to track the progress of the testing, and when the testing between the core and one of the surrounding poles is complete, the graphic of the pole tested visually darkens to indicate that portion of the test is complete.

Abstract: An online method for reconfiguring pressure and position sensors in a hydraulic system is disclosed. In one step, a sensor drift condition, a recalibration request, or an unisolated fault condition is detected. In another step, a system pressure sensor or another sensor, such as a load-sense pressure sensor, is verified as a trusted master reference sensor. Another step includes measuring and recording a first pressure reading at the master reference sensor and first voltage readings associated with first, second, third, and fourth pressure slave sensors at a first pump pressure set point. Another step includes, repeating the previous step at a second pump pressure set point. A new gain and offset for each of the first, second, third, and fourth pressure sensors can be calculated based on a comparison of the recoded first and second pressure readings and the recorded first and second voltage readings.

Abstract: A system for optical coherence tomography using multiple interferometers presented. The interferometry system includes a source configured to generate a variable wavelength light beam. A first splitter is configured to split the variable wavelength light beam to at least a first light beam and a second light beam. A first delay element is configured to delay the first light beam by a first time delay. A second delay element is configured to delay the second light beam by a second time delay, such that the delayed first light beam and the delayed second light beam are out of coherence with each other. A first interferometer is configured to receive the delayed first light beam as an input. A second interferometer is configured to receive the delayed second light beam as an input.

Abstract: The invention provides an illuminance measuring system, which comprises an illuminance measuring instrument which comprises a first communication unit and is moved by a moving vehicle, a position measuring means which comprises a second communication unit and is capable of measuring a three-dimensional position of the illuminance measuring instrument and a data collector which comprises a third communication unit and a storage unit for storing positional information data of a predetermined measuring point, wherein the data collector moves the moving vehicle to the measuring point based on a position of the illuminance measuring instrument as measured by the position measuring means and the positional information data, an illuminance is measured by the illuminance measuring instrument and a position of the illuminance measuring instrument at the time of illuminance measurement is measured by the position measuring means, and wherein the data collector obtains an illuminance measurement result from the illumina

Abstract: A method for measuring a distance includes modulating the light beam at a first frequency, receiving a second beam by the optical detector to produce a first electrical signal having the first frequency and a first phase; modulating the light beam at a second frequency different than the first frequency; receiving the second beam by the optical detector to produce a second electrical signal having the second frequency and a second. After these steps, the retroreflector is moved while modulating the light beam continuously at the second frequency; and a first distance to the retroreflector is determined based at least in part on a the first and second frequencies and phases.

Abstract: A handheld device and method using the device, the device comprising a sensor receiving light from within a field of view (FOV) to generate a plurality of consecutive images of the FOV, a structured light source that is controllable to generate a plurality of light patterns, the source arranged to project at least one light patterns into the FOV where at least a portion of a pattern reflects from an object and is captured by the sensor and a processor to receive images, the processor programmed to control the source to project a pattern into the FOV, locate the pattern in at least one of the generated images, locate discontinuities in the pattern and use the discontinuities to measure at least one dimension.

Abstract: Measuring device for measuring test objects includes a transmitter-receiver unit and a corresponding mirror arrangement. Mirror arrangement has a first mirror forming a first focal point and a second focal point in an x-y plane, and first mirror is, at least sectionally, elliptically curved for deflecting radiation between the focal points. Mirror arrangement includes a second mirror arranged in region of first focal point, second mirror is used for deflecting radiation between a z-direction extending transversely to the x-y plane and between the x-y plane. Test object to be measured is arranged in region of second focal point by a test object holder. Radiation reflected on test object is evaluated by a control unit. Measuring device allows measuring of test object in simple and flexible way, in particular measurement over the entire circumference of test objects in form of plastic pipes having circular cross sections.

Abstract: A displacement sensor includes a light source unit configured to apply light with different plural wavelengths in a direction oblique to a measurement region of a planar measured object, a spectroscope configured to measure spectral distribution of light reflected by the measurement region, a feature amount extracting module configured to extract a feature amount of the spectral distribution, and a displacement calculating module configured to calculate displacement of the measurement region based on the extracted feature amount and a relation between displacement and a feature amount acquired previously.