Abstract: Ozonized biochar compositions and methods for creating advanced hydrophilic biochar materials are provided with higher cation exchange capacity, optimized pH, improved wettability, and free of potential toxic components. These ozonized biochar compositions are used as filtration materials, as biochar soil additives and as carbon sequestration agents to help control climate change for energy and environmental sustainability on Earth.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a silica-supported depleted alkali metal catalyst is described. The level of alkali metal on the depleted catalyst is at least 0.5 mol % and the silica support is a zero-gel. The process comprises the steps of contacting the silica supported depleted alkali metal catalyst with a solution of a salt of the alkali metal in a solvent system that has a polar organic solvent as the majority component. A re-impregnated catalyst prepared by the process of the invention any comprising a silica zero-gel support and a catalytic metal selected from an alkali metal in the range 0.5-5 mol % on the catalyst, wherein the surface area of the silica support is <180 m2/g is also described. The invention is applicable to a process for preparing an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester comprising contacting an alkanoic acid or ester of the formula R1—CH2—COOR3, with formaldehyde or a suitable source of formaldehyde.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to processes for converting acrylate esters or a derivative thereof to difluoropropionic acid or a derivative thereof. This process is generally performed using fluorine gas in a hydrofluorocarbon solvent.

Abstract: A method for extracting active principles from fruiting bodies of Antrodia camphorata comprises the steps of: extracting fruiting bodies of Antrodia camphorata with hot water to obtain extracts HW, and thus extraction residues (residues HW) are remained; extracting the residues HW by a fractional distillation to obtain extracts FD, and thus extraction residues (residues FD) are remained; extracting the residues FD by immersing with a low polar solvent to obtain extracts LPS, and thus extraction residues (residues LPS) are remained; extracting the residues LPS through a cryo-condensation process to obtain extracts IEW, and thus extraction residues (residues IEW) are remained; extracting the residues IEW through a SCF by using CO2 as a solvent to obtain extracts SCF, and thus extraction residues (residues SCF) are remained; and forming a mixture by mixing one or more extracts selected from the group consisting of extracts HW, FD, LPS, IEW, and SCF.

Abstract: Provided herein are small molecule active metabotropic glutamate subtype-2 and -3 receptor positive allosteric modulators (PAMS), compositions comprising the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions comprising the compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for transvinylation of a carboxylic acid feedstock with a vinyl ester feedstock to obtain a vinyl ester product and the corresponding acid of the vinyl ester feedstock in the presence of one or more ruthenium catalysts, wherein a) the vinyl ester feedstock, the carboxylic acid feedstock and a ruthenium catalyst are fed to the reactor, and b) the transvinylation reaction is carried out, characterized in that a carbonyl-free Ru(III) carboxylate is used as the ruthenium catalyst and in that no carbon monoxide is supplied, c) the reaction is carried out at a temperature of 110 to 170° C., d) upon completion of the transvinylation reaction, the vinyl ester feedstock and the corresponding acid are separated from the reaction mixture by distillation, e) the vinyl ester product is separated by distillation from the bottom product of the distillation, and f) the remaining reaction mixture is recycled into the reactor.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing nitrone compounds is provided. The method includes: providing a nitro compound; and performing a photoreaction of the nitro compound, a catalyst and an additive under visible light to obtain the nitrone compound.

Abstract: The present invention is related to uses of a composition comprising a pharmaceutically active component and a compound according to formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 are each and independently selected from the group comprising alkyl; n is any integer between 1 and 4; R3 is an acyl selected from the group comprising lysyl, ornithyl, 2,4-diaminobutyryl, histidyl and an acyl moiety according to formula (II), wherein m is any integer from 1 to 3 and Y? is a pharmaceutically acceptable anion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for the isolation and purification of 6-aminocaproic acid, which is a known inhibitor of enzymes responsible for fibrinolysis and is used in the treatment of coagulopathies and severe post-operative bleedings.

Abstract: ?-Substituted ?-amino acids, ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives, and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and methods of using the compounds for treating cancer are also disclosed. The ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs exhibit selective uptake in tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo. The ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit cytotoxicity toward several tumor types.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous metal-organic framework (MOF) and includes a process for making the MOF and a process for using the MOF to remove aldehyde from a fluid stream. The MOF comprises a uniform and reproducible structure that can be synthesized at room temperature. The MOF is highly effective at removing an aldehyde from a fluid stream.

Abstract: A means of isolating specific stereoisomers and enantiomers from a complex mixture containing a possibility of 32 different stereoconfigurations, thus concentrating the stereoisomer or enantiomer to a high degree of purity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition and a cosmetic composition, which contain, as an active ingredient, a novel pseudo compound having similar structural characteristics to natural ceramide 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, and the composition containing the compound of the present invention as an active ingredient has an excellent effect of enhancing a skin barrier function, thereby exhibiting an effect of alleviating inflammatory skin diseases, and has an excellent skin barrier improving function and an excellent skin moisturization enhancing effect.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I are provided: R1 is an alkoxy or O(CH2)pX, p is an integer from 2 to 3 and X is OH, NH2, or CO2H, m is an integer from 0 to 5, n is an integer from 0 to 5, each R2 is independently selected from hydrogen, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxymethyl, heterocyclyl, hetereocyclylmethyl, amino, amido, hydroxamido, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more of acyl, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, or halogen, each R3 is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, carboxy, hydroxymethyl, amido, and at least one of R2 and R3 is not hydrogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing isocyanates by reacting primary amines with phosgene in a solvent, where the solvent comprises a dialkyl carbonate.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for preparing disulfide compounds through oxidative coupling of thiol compounds. Thiols are oxidized to the corresponding disulfide compound in high yield in presence of a base and a metal salt. The method uses low catalyst loadings and provides organic disulfide compounds with little to no byproducts.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula (I): wherein each symbol is as defined herein, have an immunostimulatory effect and are useful as immunostimulating agents, particularly as adjuvants, and for compositions containing such a compound, and for vaccines containing such a compound and an antigen.

Abstract: An isothiocyanate functional surfactant, wherein the protonated form of said surfactant is represented by the following chemical structure: wherein X includes an integer ranging from approximately 1 to approximately 25, and wherein Y includes an integer ranging from approximately 6 to approximately 25.

Abstract: An isothiocyanate functional surfactant formulation, wherein the protonated form of said surfactant is represented by the following chemical structure: wherein X includes an integer ranging from approximately 1 to approximately 25, and wherein Y includes an integer ranging from approximately 6 to approximately 25; and an emollient.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for the preparation of high purity prostaglandin acid of the general formula II wherein the bonds marked with dotted lines represent single or double bonds wherein the double bonds may be cis- or trans oriented, Y represents 0 or CH2, and R3 stands for a phenyl group which is optionally substituted with CF3, wherein the crude prostaglandin acid of the general formula II is purified by normal phase silicagel chromatography.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and compositions that inhibit Factor XIa or kallikrein and methods of using these compounds and composition.

Abstract: The description relates to Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) binding compounds, including bifunctional compounds comprising the same, which find utility as modulators of targeted ubiquitination, especially inhibitors of a variety of polypeptides and other proteins which are degraded and/or otherwise inhibited by bifunctional compounds according to the present invention. In particular, the description provides compounds, which contain on one end a ligand which binds to the IAP E3 ubiquitin ligase and on the other end a moiety which binds a target protein such that the target protein is placed in proximity to the ubiquitin ligase to effect degradation (and inhibition) of that protein. Compounds can be synthesized that exhibit a broad range of pharmacological activities consistent with the degradation/inhibition of targeted polypeptides of nearly any type.

Abstract: The present application discloses solid forms of compound (1) (1), methods for making them, as well as compositions comprising said solid forms.

Abstract: Crystalline forms of 4-[2-(4-methylphenylsulfanyl)-phenyl]piperidine and salts thereof are provided, e.g., for the treatment of neuropathic pain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, synthesis, intermediates, formulations, and methods of disease treatment therewith, including cancer, lymphocyte homing, chronic inflammation, neuropathic pain, fibrotic diseases, thrombosis, and cholestatic pruritus, mediated at least in part by ATX.

Abstract: Parts of compounds, after being labeled by radionuclide, of the phenyl benzyl ether derivative, are used as A? plaque imaging agent. The structural formula of the phenyl benzyl ether derivative is shown by formula (I). The present invention develops a kind of brand new phenyl benzyl ether derivative which has high affinity with A? plaques in brains of AD patients. The chemical structure of the phenyl benzyl ether derivative is different from that of compounds disclosed in the prior art and the phenyl benzyl ether derivative belongs to a brand new compound for diagnosing and treating AD. The obtained A? plaque imaging agent has the advantages that the in-vivo stability is good, the fat solubility is low, the removal speed for the brain is fast, the problem of removing the radionuclide in vivo does not exist, and the application prospect and the market value are great.

Abstract: The invention relates to pyridone amide compounds of formula I and I? or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, useful as inhibitors of sodium channels: The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising the compounds of the invention and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of various disorders, including pain.

Abstract: Compounds having activity as phosphate transport inhibitors, more specifically, inhibitors of intestinal apical membrane Na/phosphate co-transport, are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I): including stereoisomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein X, Y, A, R1 and R2 are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present application relates to a new salt of N-methyl-4-benzylcarbami-dopyridine, a process for its preparation, a pharmaceutical composition comprising this compound and its use for the treatment or prevention of viral diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods of using free radical scavengers with reduced 1O2 generation. In certain embodiments, these compositions and methods of use relate to fullerene-derived ketolactams and fullerene-derived ketolactam derivatives, fullerene derivatives, and/or fullerenes. In yet other embodiments, the invention relates to cosmetic or dermatological compositions comprising said free radical scavengers with reduced 1O2 generation.

Abstract: There is provided compound for use in therapy, the compound comprising repeating units of hydrophilic heterocyclic amine monomers that are coupled by hydrophobic linkers selected to confer a therapeutic effect. There is also provided the use of the above compound in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a fungal infection and a method of treating a fungal infection using the above compound.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, including all geometric and stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof, wherein Q1, X, R1, R1a, R2 and R3, are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula 1 and methods for controlling plant disease caused by a fungal pathogen comprising applying an effective amount of a compound or a composition of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of general formula: and to the cosmetic or pharmaceutical use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to guanidine compounds of the general formula I corresponding enantiomeric, diastereomeric and/or tautomeric forms thereof as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The present compound further relates to the use of guanidine compounds as binding partners for 5-HT5 receptors for the treatment of diseases which are modulated by a 5-HT5 receptor activity, in particular for the treatment of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders as well as the associated signs, symptoms and dysfunctions.

Abstract: Provided herein are sulfonamide derivatives or a stereoisomer, a geometric isomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, a metabolite, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, and their uses for treating Alzheimer's disease. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and use of such compounds or pharmaceutical compositions thereof for managing or treating 5-HT6 receptor-mediated diseases, especially in the manufacture of a medicament for managing or treating Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Compounds and compositions of said compounds along with methods of use of compounds are disclosed for treating ophthalmic conditions related to mislocalization of opsin proteins, the misfolding of mutant opsin proteins and the production of toxic visual cycle products that accumulate in the eye. Compounds and compositions useful in the these methods, either alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, are also described.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the preparation of a useful compound, which can be used as an intermediate for preparing an important compound in the industrial field from a homoserine-based compound, and provides a process for treating a homoserine-based compound, capable of mass-producing a useful compound from a homoserine-based compound in a simple manner with excellent efficiency.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing 2-substituted 4-methyltetrahydropyrans of general formula (I) from starting materials containing at least one 2-substituted 4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane of general formula (II).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of 2-substituted 4-hydroxy-4-methyltetrahydropyrans from the acid-catalyzed reaction of 3-methylbut-3-ene-1-ol with an aldehyde, a stable odoriferous quality being achieved and avoiding off-odors that interfere with the odor sensation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing 2-substituted 4-hydroxy-4-methyltetrahydropyrans from starting materials comprising at least one 2-alkyl-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane.

Abstract: The invention discloses novel processes for production, enrichment and/or isolation of alpha-tocotrienol from source material comprising at least one non-alpha-tocotrienol, such as natural extracts comprising mixed tocotrienols.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed that are useful for treating ophthalmic conditions caused by or related to production of toxic visual cycle products that accumulate in the eye, such as dry adult macular degeneration, as well as conditions caused by or related to the misfolding of mutant opsin proteins and/or the mis-localization of opsin proteins. Compositions of these compounds alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents are also described, along with therapeutic methods of using such compounds and/or compositions. Methods of synthesizing such agents are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds that are agonists of the muscarinic M1 receptor and/or M4 receptor and which are useful in the treatment of muscarinic M1/M4 receptor mediated diseases. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and the therapeutic uses of the compounds. Compounds include those according to formula (1a) or a salt thereof, wherein p, q, r, s, Q, R3 and R4 are as defined herein.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I and Formula II, pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, stereoisomers of any of the foregoing, or mixtures thereof are agonists of the APJ Receptor and have use in treating cardiovascular and other conditions. Compounds of Formula I and Formula II have the following structures: where the definitions of the variables are provided herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing triazine, pyrimidine and pyridine derivatives of formula (I), wherein U, V, W and Z are nitrogen or carbon atoms, whereby at least one of U, V and W is nitrogen, and the other substituents are defined as in the specification, by condensing a corresponding halo-triazine, pyrimidine or pyridine in a type of Suzuki coupling with a pyridyl- or pyrimidinyl-borane, wherein the amino function is protected as a formamidine. The invention further relates to suitable intermediates and methods of manufacturing of such intermediates. Furthermore the invention relates to pure 5-(4,6-dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-amine in solid form.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chemical compounds that selectively inhibit glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), to methods of preparing said compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions and combinations comprising said compounds, to the use of said compounds for manufacturing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease, as well as to intermediate compounds useful in the preparation of said compounds.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel endoparasite control agent as a parasiticide, an antiprotozoal or the like. Provided is an endoparasite control agent comprising a carboxamide derivative represented by the general formula (I): (wherein Het represents a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group), or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds that are autotaxin inhibitors, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments containing them and to their use in the treatment of an ATX-dependent or ATX-mediated disease or condition.

Abstract: Provided are compounds useful for treating cancer and methods of making the compounds and intermediates described herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) which inhibit the activity of PI 3-kinase gamma isoform, which are useful for the treatment of diseases mediated by the activation of PI 3-kinase gamma isoform.