Abstract: Polynucleotides encoding polypeptides that increase the light sensitivity of plants were identified. Introduction of the polynucleotides into plants produces plants having altered characteristics, such as decreased height, decreased diameter, decreased petiole length, decreased internode length, decreased hypocotyl length, increased hyponasty or enhanced germination.

Abstract: Plants having increased resistance to a pest relative to corresponding control plants are provided. The resistant plants have inhibited expression, activity, or function of a susceptibility gene, and thereby have decreased expression, activity, or function of the susceptibility gene in the presence of the pest as compared to a control plant in which the wild-type susceptibility gene is normally expressed in the presence of the pest. Methods of producing plants with increased resistance are also provided. The methods involve altering the expression, activity, or function of a susceptibility gene, such as Mds-1, in the plant. Isolated Mds-1 sequences are provided that can be manipulated to enhance pest resistance in modified plants. Modified plants, plant cells, tissues, seeds, and progeny are also provided having enhanced pest resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to the development of an animal model for testing various agents in the treatment of a clotting disorder. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of ultra-large molecular weight multimers of von Willebrand factor (VWF) in various mouse strains to induce thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)-like symptoms for the development of a mouse model of TTP. The invention also provides methods for generating such animal disease models and screening methods for identifying biologically active compounds which are effective in the treatment of TTP.

Abstract: Sequences of a serotype 8 adeno-associated virus and vectors and host cells containing these sequences are provided. Also described are methods of using such host cells and vectors in production of rAAV particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for obtaining diverse novel genes by inducing somatic cell homologous recombination at genetic loci in somatic cells. By controlling transcription activity of a gene that exists at a genetic locus in a eukaryotic organism cell wherein DNA homologous recombination is occurring at an arbitrary genetic locus, somatic cell homologous recombination is induced between said gene and a gene having a DNA sequence similar to said gene that exists in a region upstream of a transcription promoter, whereby it is possible to obtain diverse novel genes having a plurality of genetic information.

Abstract: Methods of modulating expression of a target nucleic acid in a cell are provided including use of multiple orthogonal Cas9 proteins to simultaneously and independently regulate corresponding genes or simultaneously and independently edit corresponding genes.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of producing a chemical product through continuous fermentation which includes filtering a culture of a microorganism or cultured cells with a separation membrane to recover a product from a filtrate and simultaneously retaining a nonfiltered fluid in, or refluxing it to, the culture, and adding fermentation materials to the culture, wherein a porous membrane having an average pore size of 0.01 ?m or more to less than 1 ?m is used as the separation membrane and the filtration is conducted with a transmembrane pressure difference in the range of 0.1 to 20 kPa. According to this method, the fermentation productivity of the chemical product can be largely elevated at high stability and a low cost.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a useful substance efficiently from cellulose without using any cellulase preparation. According to the disclosures of the present specification, in the production of a useful substance from a cellulose-containing material, the cellulose-containing material is brought into contact with an ionic liquid to cause the ionic liquid to permeate the cellulose-containing material, and a carbon source comprising the cellulose in the cellulose-containing material is simultaneously saccharified and fermented by a cellulase-producing microorganism in the presence of the ionic liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing 3-hydroxypropionic acid comprising the step of culturing recombinant microorganism comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding Ilyobacter polytropus-derived glycerol dehydratase, and a nucleic acid sequence encoding dehydrogenase, which converts 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde into 3-hydroxypropionic acid, and a recombinant microorganism used therefor. According to the present invention, the production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid remarkably increases and the production amount of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO), which is generated as by-products when producing 3-hydroxypropionic acid, remarkably decreases, compared to known recombinant microorganisms comprising gene expressing Klebsiella pneumonia-derived Vitamin B12-dependent glycerol dehydratase.

Abstract: Provided herein are genetically engineered microbes that include at least a portion of a carbon fixation pathway, and in one embodiment, use molecular hydrogen to drive carbon dioxide fixation. In one embodiment, the genetically engineered microbe is modified to convert acetyl CoA, molecular hydrogen, and carbon dioxide to 3-hydroxypropionate, 4-hydroxybutyrate, acetyl CoA, or the combination thereof at levels greater than a control microbe. Other products may also be produced. Also provided herein are cell free compositions that convert acetyl CoA, molecular hydrogen, and carbon dioxide to 3-hydroxypropionate, 4-hydroxybutyrate, acetyl CoA, or the combination thereof. Also provided herein are methods of using the genetically engineered microbes and the cell free compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the enzyme-catalysed hydrolysis of polyacrylic acid esters. According to the method, at least one polyacrylic acid ester is provided and incubated with at least one enzyme selected from enzymes (EC 3.1) acting on ester bindings, until the ester groups contained in the polyacrylic acid ester are partially or fully hydrolytically split, and optionally the modified polymer obtained thereby is isolated. The invention also relates to the enzymes used and mutants thereof, nucleic acids coding for the enzymes, vectors comprising the nucleic acids, micro-organisms comprising the vectors, and the use of the enzymes, the vectors or the micro-organisms for carrying out a method for the enzyme-catalysed hydrolysis of polyacrylic acid esters. The present application also relates to polymer reaction products that can be obtained by the method, and methods for producing esterases.

Abstract: Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, microbial, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as food products and amino acids.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for conveniently and inexpensively producing an amino-hydroxybenzoic acid-type compound such as 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid by utilizing Escherichia coli that is a bacterium commonly used for a production process by biosynthesis. Specifically, the present invention provides an Escherichia coli having an ability to produce 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, which is modified to reduce an activity of N-hydroxyarylamine O-acetyltransferase (NhoA); a method for producing a 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid-type compound using such Escherichia coli; and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having peroxygenase activity, and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microorganisms of Escherichia coli having enhanced L-tryptophan productivity and to a method for producing L-tryptophan using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to an Escherichia coli variant in which repression and attenuation control of the tryptophan operon is released and accumulation of anthranilate is reduced and thereby enhancing L-tryptophan productivity. The present invention also relates to a method for producing L-tryptophan using the Escherichia coli variant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to enzyme compositions for high temperature saccharification of cellulosic material and to uses thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and kits for isothermal nucleic acid amplifications that use a target nucleic acid template; a reaction mixture comprising a DNA polymerase having a strand displacement activity, a deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) mixture, a primer with a 3? end and a 5? end, a molecular crowding reagent, and a buffer solution for amplifying the target nucleic acid template. The buffer solution maintains a low salt concentration of the reaction mixture, and wherein the salt concentration results in a melting temperature (Tm) of the primer at least 10° C. below the reaction temperature. The amplification is effected under isothermal condition.

Abstract: The invention provides nucleic acids and polypeptides for a nucleic acid polymerase from a thermophilic organism, Thermus scotoductus. The invention also provides methods for using these nucleic acids and polypeptides.

Abstract: There is described a method for analyzing ubiquitin polymers using linkage-specific deubiquitinase enzymes. Novel specificities of deubiquitinase enzymes are also provided.

Abstract: Described are mutant luciferases, nucleic acids that encode them, cells and animals expressing them, methods of use thereof, and kits.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the quantification of one or more nucleic acids in a sample, for example: making a sample available which contains at least one nucleic acid to be quantified, adding an oligonucleotide probe, the oligonucleotide probe comprising a sequence which can specifically hybridize to the nucleic acid to be quantified or to a common sequence of the nucleic acids to be quantified, incubating the sample under conditions which allow the hybridization of the oligonucleotide probe to the nucleic acid(s) to be quantified, incubating the sample under conditions which allow the extension of hybridized probes, the nucleic acid(s) serving as a template in each case, removing the non-hybridized probes from the sample and quantifying the hybridized oligonucleotide probes to measure the quantity of the nucleic acid(s) to be quantified. The invention also relates to a kit for carrying out said method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods of target enrichment or selection of nucleic acids using hybridization, which can be used in, e.g., next-generation sequencing.

Abstract: In some embodiments, methods for obtaining sequence information from a nucleic acid template linked to a support include hybridizing a first primer to a template strand linked to a support, sequencing a portion of the nucleic acid template, thereby forming an extended first primer product that is complementary to a portion of the nucleic acid template, In some embodiments, the method further includes introducing a nick into a portion of the template strand that is hybridized to the extended first primer product, degrading a portion of the template strand from the nick using a degrading agent, where a portion of the extended first primer remains hybridized to an undegraded portion of the template strand, and sequencing at least some of the single-stranded portion of the extended first primer by synthesis.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for nucleic acid amplification, detection, and genotyping techniques are disclosed. In one embodiment, a nucleic acid molecule having a target-specific primer sequence; an anti-tag sequence 5? of the target-specific primer sequence; a tag sequence 5? of the anti-tag sequence; and a blocker between the anti-tag sequence and the tag sequence is disclosed. Compositions containing such a nucleic acid molecule and methods of using such a nucleic acid molecule are also disclosed.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a novel mixture for assaying a target nucleic acid, characterized by enabling a nucleic acid assay while: 1) requiring no step of diluting the target nucleic acid; 2) requiring no procedure of changing a probe concentration depending on a concentration of the target nucleic acid. [Means for Solving Problems] 1) A mixture which comprises one internal standard nucleic acid and two nucleic acid probes labeled with a fluorescent dye; 2) a mixture for measuring Km value which comprises one internal standard nucleic acid having a partial mutation and one nucleic acid probe labeled with a fluorescent dye; 3) a mixture which comprises one internal standard nucleic acid and one double nucleic acid probe labeled with two fluorescent dyes; and a method for assaying a nucleic acid by making use thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for detecting a target nucleotide sequence by tagging the nucleotide sequence with a nucleotide tag, providing a probe oligonucleotide with a melting temperature Tm1, comprising a regulatory sequence and a nucleotide tag recognition sequence; incorporating the probe oligonucleotide into the tagged polynucleotide in a polynucleotide amplification reaction, providing a regulatory oligonucleotide with a melting temperature Tm2, comprising a sequence segment that is at least partially complementary to the regulatory sequence, amplifying the tagged target nucleic acid sequence in a PCR amplification reaction using the probe oligonucleotide as a primer, and detecting the amplification product; wherein Tm1 and Tm2 are higher than the annealing temperature associated with the polynucleotide amplification reaction.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of selecting a representational sample of nucleic acid sequences from a complex mixture. The method includes: (a) contacting a complex mixture of nucleic acids under conditions sufficient for hybridization with a population of capture probes complementary to one or more nucleic acids comprising a predetermined portion of the sequence collectively present in the complex mixture to form hybridization complexes of the one or more nucleic acids with the population of probes, the population of capture probes being attached to a solid support, and (b) removing unhybridized nucleic acids to select a representational sample of nucleic acids having a complexity of less than 10% but more than 0.

Abstract: An embodiment of method for correcting an error associated with phasic synchrony of sequence data generated from a population of substantially identical copies of a template molecule is described that comprises (a) detecting a signal generated in response to an incorporation of one or more nucleotides in a sequencing reaction; (b) generating a value for the signal; and (c) correcting the value for the phasic synchrony error using a first parameter and a second carry forward parameter.

Abstract: Methods, Compositions, and Systems are provided for nucleic acid sequencing where the sequential incorporation of nucleotides uses two distinct chemical steps. A plurality of nucleotide analogs, each having a labeled leaving group at its 3? hydroxyl can be sequentially added to a growing strand in the presence of a selective cleaving activity that cleaves the 3? hydroxyl leaving group preferentially after it has been incorporated. The selective cleaving agent can comprise an exonuclease activity, and the exonuclease activity can be a polymerase-associated exonuclease activity. Nucleotide analogs having labels on both a cleavable polyphosphate portion and on a 3? hydroxyl leaving group can provide signals characteristic of nucleotide analog incorporation. Systems having illumination optics, collection optics, and substrates observe signals from the labels as they are being incorporated into a growing nucleic acid strand, allowing for the sequencing of template nucleic acids.

Abstract: Substrates, systems and methods for analyzing materials that include waveguide arrays disposed upon or within the substrate such that evanescent fields emanating from the waveguides illuminate materials disposed upon or proximal to the surface of the substrate, permitting analysis of such materials. The substrates, systems and methods are used in a variety of analytical operations, including, inter alia, nucleic acid analysis, including hybridization and sequencing analyses, cellular analyses and other molecular analyses.

Abstract: A method for sequencing a nucleic acid template includes forming a nanowire assembly including a semiconductor nanowire and a probe covalently bound to the semiconductor nanowire; contacting the nanowire assembly with a template nucleic acid; contacting the nucleic acid duplexes with an extension nucleic acid, the extension nucleic acid joined to the probe; disrupting the nucleic acid duplexes; and measuring an electrical characteristic of a nanowire assembly of the set of nanowire assemblies.

Abstract: The invention combines the fields of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis and SNP array analysis. It relates to methods for detecting and mapping genetic abnormalities associated with various diseases. In particular the invention provides a method for simultaneously performing array CGH and SNP array analysis on a genomic DNA sample comprising contacting a nucleic acid array which comprises a first probe set and a second probe set with a genomic DNA sample, comprising a test and reference sample, under hybridization conditions, comparing the amount of test sample and reference sample hybridized to the hybridization probes of the first probe set, comparing the amount of test sample and reference sample hybridized to the hybridization probes of the second probe set; and using the data obtained to determine the copy number of at least one locus; and at least one SNP in the genomic DNA sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and kits for detecting thyroid cancer by detecting differences in the expression of genes that are differentially expressed in thyroid cancer cells.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a detection kit for detecting c-Met gene expression, wherein the detection kit includes a primer set which is specifically bound to the c-Met gene; and a cleavable probe which is specifically bound to the inside of a c-Met gene amplification product which is amplified by the primer set. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method of measuring the c-Met gene expression by using the detection kit according to one embodiment of the present invention. The method according to one embodiment of the present invention is used to efficiently detect a low concentration of c-Met gene expression for cancer diagnosis and prognosis diagnosis.

Abstract: Provided herein are cereblon isoforms and methods of their use as biomarkers for treating a disease, disorder, or condition with a treatment compound, e.g., thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, 3-(5-amino-2-methyl-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)-piperidine-2,6-dione, or (S)-3-(4-((4-(morpholinomethyl)benzyl)oxy)-1-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides adeno-associated virus (AAV) virions with altered capsid protein, where the AAV virions exhibit greater infectivity of retinal cells, when administered via intravitreal injection, compared to wild-type AAV. The present disclosure further provides methods of delivering a gene product to a retinal cell in an individual, and methods of treating ocular disease.

Abstract: A method of homogenously mixing the contents of a plurality of bioreactors by providing a receiving container capable of holding an appropriate quantity of the liquid and repeatedly raising and lowering the receiving container to a position above or below the position of the bioreactors resulting in mixing the contents of the bioreactors.

Abstract: The present invention provides an isolated lactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum K37 strain, deposited in DSME-DEUTSCHE SAMMLUNG VON MIKROORGANISMEN UND ZELLKULTUREN GmbH under Accession No. DSM 27445. The present invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the isolated lactic acid bacterium (Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum K37). Moreover, the present invention provides a method for preventing or treating a disorder in a subject, comprising a step of administering an effective amount of the isolated lactic acid bacterium (Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum K37) to the subject.

Abstract: This invention refers to a method for reducing the color of any intermediate of a process for obtaining sugar, and sugar and a process for the production of low color sugar. This invention also refers to the use of components and combinations thereof for reducing the color of sugar and/or any intermediate of a process for obtaining sugar.

Abstract: The present invention provides an austenite-ferrite stainless steel. The steel composition contains in % by weight: 0.01%?C?0.10% 20.0%?Cr?24.0% 1.0%?Ni?3.0% 0.12%?N?0.20% 0.5%?Mn?2.0% 1.6%?Cu?3.0% 0.05%?Mo?1.0% W?0.15% 0.05%?Mo+W/2?1.0% 0.2%?Si?1.5% Al?0.05% V?0.5% Nb?0.5% Ti?0.5% B?0.003% Co?0.5% REM?0.1% Ca?0.03% Mg?0.1% Se?0.005% O?0.01% S?0.030% P?0.040% the rest being iron and impurities resulting from the production and the microstructure being composed of austenite and 35 to 65% ferrite by volume, the composition furthermore obeying the following relations: 40?IF?65 with IF=10% Cr+5.1% Mo+1.4% Mn+24.3% Si+35% Nb+71.5% Ti?595.4% C?245.1% N?9.3% Ni?3.3% Cu?99.8 and IRCGCU?32.0 with IRCGCU=% Cr+3.3% Mo+2% Cu+16% N+2.6% Ni?0.7% Mn and 0?IU?6.0 with IU=3% Ni+% Cu+% Mn?100% C?25% N?2(% Cr+% Si)?6% Mo+45 as well as a method of manufacture of plates, bands, coils, bars, wires, profiles, forged pieces and molded pieces of this steel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bainite-containing-type high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet. The steel sheet, containing C: greater than 0.07 to 0.2%, Si: 0.001 to 2.5%, Mn: 0.01 to 4%, P: 0.15% or less, S: 0.03% or less, N: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.001 to 2% and a balance being composed of Fe and impurities, has an average value of pole densities of the {100}<011> to {223}<110> orientation group at a sheet thickness center portion being a range of ? to ? in sheet thickness from the surface of the steel sheet is 4.0 or less, and a pole density of the {332}<113> crystal orientation is 4.8 or less, an average crystal grain diameter is 10 ?m or less and vTrs is ?20° C. or lower, and a microstructure is composed of 35% or less in a structural fraction of pro-eutectoid ferrite and a balance of a low-temperature transformation generating phase.

Abstract: This gear has a predetermined chemical composition and has, in a surface-layer part, a texture of tempered martensite and/or tempered bainite and a steel material texture in which retained austenite exists in 1-10% by area percentage and in which a carbide is deposited in at least 5% by area percentage, and the nitrogen content at a depth of 20 ?m below the surface is 2.0-6.0%. Thus, a gear that achieves even better seizing resistance in a power transmission part subjected to high rotation and high slippage and using a low-kinematic-viscosity lubricating oil is provided.

Abstract: A vertical drainage system for a heap leaching operation comprising vertical drainage conduits for draining fluid pockets down through the strata of a heap pile. The drainage conduits are spaced in a parallel array throughout the ore heap, and are preferably in fluid communication from a top of said ore heap to said one or more collection pipes for draining trapped and avoiding slope or geotechnical failure.

Abstract: A hydro-metallurgical method 80 for the removal of uranium, thorium, radium, lead, bismuth and polonium and/or other radionuclides from a radioactive copper concentrate to produce an upgraded copper concentrate having lowered emission levels. The method comprises the step of: subjecting the copper concentrate to an acidic leaching process (NONOX leach) 120 using a sulfate and chloride containing lixiviant under electrochemically controlled conditions, to allow at least partial removal of one or more of the radionuclides to produce the lowered emission upgraded copper concentrate, wherein the leaching process is conducted at elevated temperature and under pressure to suppress boiling in the leaching process.

Abstract: In a method for treating aluminum slags (41) in the form of dross or aluminum salt slags obtained in the preparation of aluminum, the aluminum slag (41) in the melting process is brought onto a cooling conveyor (16). A first section (18) of the cooling conveyor is flushed with an inert gas and a second section (29) serves for further cooling of the aluminum slag (41) with introduction of air. In the first section (18), the aluminum slag (41) is cooled to a temperature at which the aluminum slag (41) can no longer be chemically changed by exposure to atmospheric oxygen. In the second section (29), the slag is cooled to a temperature at which the cooled aluminum slag (41) can be processed further to recover the aluminum after leaving the cooling conveyor (16).

Abstract: A method of isolating 99Mo produced using a (n,?) reaction according to example embodiments may include vaporizing a source compound containing 98Mo and 99Mo. The vaporized source compound may be ionized to form ions containing 98Mo and 99Mo. The ions may be separated to isolate the ions containing 99Mo. The isolated ions containing 99Mo may be collected with a collector. Accordingly, the isolated 99Mo may have a relatively high specific radioactivity and, in turn, may be used to produce the diagnostic radioisotope, 99mTc, through radioactive decay.

Abstract: A lead-free solder alloy includes a tin-copper alloy that also includes a minor amount of cobalt, which has been found to provide a shiny and reflective appearance to the solder alloy. Methods of soldering using such an alloy, as well as a solder joint including such an alloy also are disclosed.

Abstract: Improved aluminum-copper-lithium alloys are disclosed. The alloys may include 3.4-4.2 wt. % Cu, 0.9-1.4 wt. % Li, 0.3-0.7 wt. % Ag, 0.1-0.6 wt. % Mg, 0.2-0.8 wt. % Zn, 0.1-0.6 wt. % Mn, and 0.01-0.6 wt. % of at least one grain structure control element, the balance being aluminum and incidental elements and impurities. The alloys achieve an improved combination of properties over prior art alloys.

Abstract: An austenitic alloy comprising (in weight %): C: 0.01-0.05 Si: 0.05-0.80 Mn: 1.5-2 Cr: 26-34.5 Ni: 30-35 Mo: 3-4 Cu: 0.5-1.5 N: 0.05-0.15 V: <0.15 the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein 40<% Ni+100*% N<50.

Abstract: Provided in one embodiment is a method of forming a movable joint or connection between parts that move with respect to one another, wherein at least one part is at least partially enclosed by at least one second part. The method includes positioning an etchable material over an at least one first part, molding or forming an at least one second part over at least the etchable material, and removing the etchable material.