Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for determination of and uses of specific methylation patterns indicative of adenoma and carcinoma. In particular, the invention relates to analysis of defined CpG loci that are coordinately methylated in DNAs from cancer and adenoma samples, methods for identifying coordinately methylated loci, and methods of using analysis of coordinately methylated loci in one or more marker regions in the design of assays for adenoma and cancer.

Abstract: Provided herein is technology relating to detecting neoplasia and particularly, but not exclusively, to methods, compositions, and related uses for detecting premalignant and malignant neoplasms such as colorectal cancer.

Abstract: A method for detecting genes sensitive to low-level ionizing radiation and genes detected by the method. More specifically, genes sensitive to low-level ionizing radiation, discovered in a carcinogenic entity and verified in a normal entity are detected by subjecting a cancerous AKR/J mouse and a normal ICR mouse to low-level radiation. Thymus is collected therefrom, and glycometabolism-related genes are classified via microarray processing of the thymus. The genes are amplified and the levels of gene expression are measured. Thus, a gene having a specific reaction to radiation can be accurately detected by preventing the interference of confounding variables.

Abstract: Embodiments are related to the accurate detection of somatic mutations in the plasma (or other samples containing cell-free DNA) of cancer patients and for subjects being screened for cancer. The detection of these molecular markers would be useful for the screening, detection, monitoring, management, and prognostication of cancer patients. For example, a mutational load can be determined from the identified somatic mutations, and the mutational load can be used to screen for any or various types of cancers, where no prior knowledge about a tumor or possible cancer of the subject may be required. Embodiments can be useful for guiding the use of therapies (e.g. targeted therapy, immunotherapy, genome editing, surgery, chemotherapy, embolization therapy, anti-angiogenesis therapy) for cancers. Embodiments are also directed to identifying de novo mutations in a fetus by analyzing a maternal sample having cell-free DNA from the fetus.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions and methods for the prediction of the prognosis of ovarian cancer subjects. The present invention farther provides methods for distinguishing between histological subtypes of ovarian cancer tumors, and also methods and compositions liar the treatment or prevention of ovarian cancer. Specifically the invention relates to microRNA molecules associated with said methods and compositions, as well as various nucleic acid molecules relating thereto or derived therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in general, to a prostate-specific antigen, PCA3. In particular, the present invention relates to nucleic acid molecules coding for the PCA3 protein; purified PCA3 proteins and polypeptides; recombinant nucleic acid molecules; cells containing the recombinant nucleic acid molecules; antibodies having binding affinity specifically to PCA3 proteins and polypeptides; hybridomas containing the antibodies; nucleic acid probes for the detection of nucleic acids encoding PCA3 proteins; a method of detecting nucleic acids encoding PCA3 proteins or polypeptides in a sample; kits containing nucleic acid probes or antibodies; bioassays using the nucleic acid sequence, protein or antibodies of this invention to diagnose, assess, or prognose a mammal afflicted with prostate cancer; therapeutic uses; and methods of preventing prostate cancer in an animal.

Abstract: The present invention concerns markers of resistance of HER2 expressing tumors to treatment with HER2 inhibitors, such as HER2 antibodies, including trastuzumab.

Abstract: Methods are described for stratifying patient risk for patients with prostate cancer and for providing a treatment recommendation to a patient based on a phosphodiesterase 4D variant 7 (PDE4D7) risk score. A diagnostic kit and a computer program product for the analysis and determination of the PDE4D7 risk score are also described.

Abstract: Methods and techniques to increase the reliability of detecting virus infections, particularly lymphotropism, to eliminate false negative reactions in testing blood for the presence of lymphotropic viruses during enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, and to better detect viruses with lymphotropism in biological materials having a concentration of virus particles lower than the sensitivity threshold of existing EIA and PCR methods, thereby making the techniques of the present invention more reliable.

Abstract: A process for preserving and restoring leather upholstery through steps involving use of cleaning, dye, conditioning and sealing materials, and, prior to dying or conditioning, abrading the material, in part, for restoring access to hide pores for optimizing the hide's degree and uniformity of acceptance of dye(s) and conditioner(s).

Abstract: This method is for producing granular metallic iron in which the relation between the mass ratio (mass %) of the volatile matter content contained in a carbonaceous reducing agent and the average gas flow rate (m/s) of the ambient gas in a heating furnace fulfills expression (1). Mass ratio of volatile matter content??4.62×average gas flow rate+46.7 . . .

Abstract: A method of locally softening collision components of a vehicle is provided. The method of includes generating a high frequency using a high-frequency generator, and extracting a final frequency and matched output using the high frequency through a control box including a capacitor and an inductor. The heat treatment portions of the component are locally softened by heating the heat treatment portions at temperature of about 400 to 550° C., by generating induced current using the final frequency and the matched output through a high-frequency coil.

Abstract: Quench plug systems and their use in heat treating a workpiece. The quench plug system includes a tapered plug having a longitudinal core axis and a mandrel configured to be interposed between the tapered plug and the workpiece. The tapered plug is configured to allow the mandrel to translate along the core axis of the tapered plug when the workpiece is heated.

Abstract: A highly impact resistant ductile iron casting is made from a specified high nickel content ductile iron composition and post-treated with a specified heating and cooling profile to achieve an elongation exceeding the ASTM A536 (“60-40-18”) standard, and meeting or exceeding Charpy V Notch impact resistance at ?20° F. of greater than 11.0 ft. lbs.

Abstract: The present invention provides an age hardening type bainitic microalloyed steel having a composition which includes, in terms of mass %: 0.06-0.35% of C; 0.01-2.00% of Si; 0.10-3.00% of Mn; 0.001-0.200% of S; 0.001-2.00% of Cu; 0.40-3.00% of Ni; 0.10-3.00% of Cr; 0.10-1.00% of Mo; 0.10-1.00% of V; and 0.001-0.100% of s-Al, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and which satisfies a value of the following expression (1) to be 20 or larger and a value of the following expression (2) to be 0.82 or larger: 3×[C]+10×[Mn]+2×[Cu]+2×[Ni]+12×[Cr]+9×[Mo]+2×[V]??expression (1); 1.66×[C]+0.18×[Si]+0.27×[Mn]+0.09×[Ni]+0.32×[Cr]+0.34×[Mo]+0.44×[V]??expression (2), in which each [ ] in the expression (1) and the expression dicates a content of the element shown therein in terms of mass %.

Abstract: A heat treatment apparatus includes: a heat treatment chamber that performs heating treatment for a treatment object thereinside; and a thermal insulator disposed inside the heat treatment chamber and surrounding a receiving area for the treatment object. The heat treatment chamber includes a side wall portion and a lid portion configured to be attachable to and detachable from the side wall portion. The thermal insulator includes a ceiling disposed on the inside of the lid portion. The ceiling includes a thermal insulator lid that is at least part of the ceiling and is united to the lid portion.

Abstract: A cooling device configured to cool an article to be processed by spraying a coolant includes a cooling chamber configured to accommodate the article to be processed, a header pipe having a connecting pipe protruding from a main body section to which a nozzle is attached and into which the coolant supplied into the main body section is supplied, and disposed in the cooling chamber, and an attachment section formed at the cooling chamber and into which the connecting pipe is inserted from an inside of the cooling chamber to an outside of the cooling chamber.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a bumper back beam for vehicles is provided. The method includes shaping a planar strip using a pressing process and a planar surface component are formed within a central portion of the strip in a longitudinal direction thereof, and recessed components are formed on opposite sides of the planar surface part, and a first flange is formed on an exterior edge of each recessed component. Further, each of the recessed components are bent vertically around a bending boundary line formed between the planar surface component and the corresponding recessed component and the opposite first flanges contact the planar surface component. Additionally, the edges of the opposite first flanges are welded to the planar surface component and the back beam has a pair of closed section components defined by the planar surface component and the recessed components.

Abstract: A process for producing a three-dimensionally shaped steel component from a steel sheet with a metallic coating may involve hot forming the steel sheet into the steel component. The metallic coating may involve an Fe—Al-based alloy. To protect the steel sheet or the steel component against scale formation, the Fe—Al-based alloy may be applied directly to the steel sheet by galvanic coating and/or physical vapor deposition. The coating produced in this way may contain 30-60% by weight Fe, a balance of Al, and, in some cases, 0.1-10% by weight Mg, 0.1-5% by weight Ti, 0.1-10% by weight Si, 0.1-10% by weight Li, and/or 0.1-10% by weight Ca. Before heating the coated steel sheet as part of the hot forming process, the coated steel sheet may have an Fe—Al phase is stable to above 900° C.

Abstract: A method for forming a component utilizing ultra-high strength steel and components formed by the method. The method includes the step of providing a flat blank of ultra-high strength 22MnB5 steel. The next step of the method is, cold forming the flat blank into an unfinished shape of a component while the blank is in an unhardened state. The method continues by providing an inert atmosphere. Then, heating the unfinished shape of the component in the inert atmosphere. The method proceeds by forming a finished shape of the component using a quenching die resulting in a fine-grained martensitic component material structure and enabling net shape processing to establish fmal geometric dimensions of the components.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for hot forming semi-finished products of steel, in which the semi-finished product is heated to the forming temperature, is conveyed to the forming tool, and in the forming tool is hot formed, hardened or press hardened. The object of proposing a method for hot-forming semi-finished products of steel, in which also extremely thin-walled blanks may be conveyed at the forming temperature without issues and be fed to the forming tool properly and without limiting the degree of forming of the semi-finished product, is achieved in that prior to hot forming, hardening or press hardening, at least one structure which increases rigidity at least is incorporated in the semi-finished product, and the structure which increases rigidity of the semi-finished product is at least partially or completely disposed in the trimming region of the semi-finished product.

Abstract: A hot-formed steel sheet member having a chemical composition includes, in terms of mass %, from 0.08 to 0.16% of C, 0.19% or less of Si, from 0.40 to 1.50% of Mn, 0.02% or less of P, 0.01% or less of S, from 0.01 to 1.0% of sol. Al, 0.01% or less of N, from 0.25 to 3.00% of Cr, from 0.01 to 0.05% of Ti, from 0.001 to 0.01% of B, and a reminder consisting of Fe and impurities, wherein a total volume fraction of martensite, tempered martensite, and bainite is 50% or more, and a volume fraction of ferrite is 3% or less, an average grain size of prior ? grains is 10 ?m or less, and a number density of residual carbides which are present is 4×103 per mm2 or less.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a heat treatment device, a heat treatment method, and a rail steel which are suitable for preventing the occurrence of brittle fractures which originate in a base portion of a weld of the rail steel. A heat treatment device of the present invention includes a coil and heats a bottom surface of the base portion of the weld of the rail steel by induction heating. When a region in the weld which is heated to an Ac1 point or higher during welding is represented by HAZ, and the length of the HAZ in a length direction of the rail on the bottom surface of the base portion is represented by Lh, and a width of the rail steel is represented by W, the length of an outer region of the coil in the length direction of the rail is 1.2 times or more Lh and the length of the outer region of the coil in a width direction of the rail is 1.1 times or more W when viewed from opposite the bottom surface of the base portion.

Abstract: A process includes at least formulating an aqueous oxidizing solution by addition of ingredients to water, wherein the aqueous oxidizing solution has a pH of less than 0.7 primarily from at least one strong acid, at between 0.04% and 0.42% weight/volume of persulphate anions, and 0.03% to 0.1% weight/volume of hydrogen peroxide; an irradiation step wherein ozone is produced by irradiating oxygen with an ultraviolet source wherein the ozone is present in the solution at a concentration of 0.75 to 2 mg/L ozone; a metal solubilization step of oxidizing and thereby rendering soluble a desired at least one metal from a ground amount of ore in suspension; collecting a pregnant liquor from the suspension; and selectively removing at least a portion of the at least one metal from the liquor while at a pH of less than 3, such that any remaining liquid is a recyclable liquor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for leaching precious metals contained in a waste denitrification catalyst by using a pressure leaching process, and more specifically, to a method for leaching precious metals contained in a waste denitrification catalyst by using a pressure leaching process, the method comprising the steps of: forming a mixture by mixing a waste denitrification catalyst with a sodium salt solution; and leaching vanadium and tungsten contained in the mixture by feeding the mixture into a sealed pressurized reactor, and then heating and stirring the mixture.

Abstract: Alloyed Ag/Au nanospheres with high compositional homogeneity ensured by annealing at elevated temperatures show large extinction cross-sections, extremely narrow band-widths and remarkable stability in harsh chemical environments. A critical temperature has been found to be around 930° C., below which the resulting alloy nanospheres, although significantly more stable than pure silver nanoparticles, can still gradually decay upon extended exposure to harsh etchant. The nanospheres annealed above the critical temperature show homogeneous distribution of Ag and Au elements, minimal crystallographic defects, absence of structural and compositional interfaces, which account for the extremely narrow bandwidths of the surface plasmon resonance, and may render many plasmonic applications with high performance and long lifetime, especially for those involving corrosive species.

Abstract: An aluminum-based composite material includes an aluminum parent phase, and stick-shaped or needle-shaped dispersive matter of aluminum carbide dispersed in the aluminum parent phase. A method of manufacturing the aluminum-based composite material includes a step of mixing aluminum powder having a purity of 99% by mass or higher with a stick-shaped or needle-shaped carbon material, and pressing and molding a resulting mixture, so as to prepare a compacted powder body. The manufacturing method further includes a step of heating the compacted powder body at 600C to 660C to react the carbon material with aluminum in the aluminum powder, so as to disperse the stick-shaped or needle-shaped dispersive matter of aluminum carbide in the aluminum parent phase.

Abstract: Heat resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron having an improved high temperature tensile strength includes carbon (C) in a range of 3.2-3.4 wt %, silicon (Si) in a range of 4.3-4.8 wt %, manganese (Mn) in a range of 0.2-0.3 wt %, molybdenum (Mo) in a range of 0.8-1.0 wt %, vanadium (V) in a range of 0.4-0.6 wt %, chrome (Cr) in a range of 0.2-0.4 wt %, niobium (Nb) in a range of 0.2-0.4 wt %, inevitable impurities, and a remainder of iron (Fe) based on a total weight of the heat resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron. The heat resistant spheroidal graphite cast iron further includes barium (Ba) in a range of 0.0045-0.0075 wt %. A content ratio of chrome (Cr) and barium (Ba) (Cr/Ba) is in a range from about 26 to about 89.

Abstract: A ferritic stainless steel having excellent thermal fatigue resistance, excellent oxidation resistance, and excellent high-temperature fatigue resistance is provided. The ferritic stainless steel contains, in terms of % by mass, C: 0.020% or less, Si: 3.0% or less, Mn: 2.0% or less, P: 0.040% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Cr: 10.0% to 20.0%, N: 0.020% or less, Nb: 0.005% to 0.15%, Al: 0.20% to 3.0%, Ti: 5× (C+N)% to 0.50%, Cu: 0.55% to 1.60%, B: 0.0002% to 0.0050%, Ni: 0.05% to 1.0%, 0: 0.0030% or less, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Additionally, the ferritic stainless steel satisfies that Al/O?100.

Abstract: A ferritic stainless steel that a composition including in terms of % by mass, C: 0.015% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 1.0% or less, P: 0.040% or less, S: 0.010% or less, Cr: 10.0% to 23.0%, Al: 0.2% to 1.0%, N: 0.015% or less, Cu: 1.0% to 2.0%, Nb: 0.30% to 0.65%, Ti: 0.50% or less, O: 0.0030% or less, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein a Si content and an Al content satisfy Si?Al, and the Al content and an O content satisfy Al/O?100.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy has high thermal conductivity without requiring an addition of metal elements such as iron and a method for producing the aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy is obtained from a semi-solid material with a chemical composition containing 2 to 6 wt % of silicon (Si) and 0.7 wt % or less of magnesium (Mg), with the balance being aluminum (Al) and unavoidable impurities. It has a granular crystalline structure. The aluminum alloy is produced by a heating step of semi-solid material. A forming step is performed with semi-solid material obtained in the heating step S1. After the forming step, a heat treatment step is performed at 190° C. to 290° C. for 1 to 5 hours.

Abstract: Provided are: a forged aluminum alloy that offers high strength and high toughness and still has excellent corrosion resistance even when having a smaller thickness; and a method for producing the forged aluminum alloy. The forged aluminum alloy contains Mg in a content of 0.70 to 1.50 mass percent, Si in a content of 0.80 to 1.30 mass percent, Cu in a content of 0.30 to 0.90 mass percent, Fe in a content of 0.10 to 0.40 mass percent, Ti in a content of 0.005 to 0.15 mass percent, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn in a content of 0.10 to 0.60 mass percent, Cr in a content of 0.10 to 0.45 mass percent, and Zr in a content of 0.05 to 0.30 mass percent, with the remainder consisting of Al and inevitable impurities. The forged aluminum alloy has a major axis of Q phase of 50 to 500 nm in a maximum-stress-receiving region.

Abstract: A method and device for producing motor vehicle chassis parts is provided. The motor vehicle chassis parts can be subjected to tensile stress, compressive stress and torsion and the mechanical strength of the motor vehicle chassis parts can be adjusted over the respective cross-section. The motor vehicle chassis parts have high ductility and temperature stability and are made of an AlSiZnMg alloy by permanent mould casting.

Abstract: A crucible structure including a crucible body and a crucible cover. The crucible body includes a crucible bottom wall and a crucible side wall. One end of the crucible side wall is connected to the crucible bottom wall, and the other end of the crucible side wall is provided with the crucible cover. An included angle between the crucible cover and an axial direction of the crucible is an acute angle. The crucible cover is provided with an opening structure.

Abstract: A method of making multilayer thin film Li-ion devices that can involve direct current (DC) sputtering of a metal current collector film or pulsed DC sputtering (PDC) of a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) onto a substrate, depositing a very thin metal diffusion barrier using high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HPIMS), depositing one or more ion storage layers or a cathode layer and an electrolyte layer by PDC sputtering or reactive PDC sputtering of a non-insulating target, and depositing a TCO via PDC sputtering or depositing an anode layer by PDC sputtering and a metal current collector by DC sputtering, the combination of these layers depending on the particular device being fabricated.

Abstract: An article treatment method includes providing an article including a substrate composed of a substrate material having an undesirable substrate feature. The undesirable substrate feature may include a recess, and a portion of the substrate containing the undesirable substrate feature may be removed to form a recess in a surface of the substrate. A feedstock mixture including a filler material and a liquid carrier is introduced into an HVAF apparatus having a combustion gas stream with a temperature greater than the melting point of the filler material. The filler material is applied to the recess by expelling the filler material while maintained at a temperature less than the melting point of the filler material by the liquid carrier. The filler material and an area of the substrate bordering the recess are heat treated, forming a treated portion.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for protecting an interior of a hollow body, where an inlet and exhaust manifold include a port assembly attachable to an opening of the hollow body is provided. The interior of the hollow body is exposed to sequential self-saturating surface reactions by sequential inlet of reactive gases via the port assembly and the opening into the interior of the hollow body, and excess gases is pumped via the opening and the port assembly out from the hollow body.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a cutting insert includes preparing a base body provided with a through hole and including one of cermet and ceramic, mounting the base body on a holding member by passing the through hole of the base body over a projection including metal and formed on the holding member, and abutting the base body against the projection, forming a coated body by forming a coating layer on the surface of the base body, and cooling the coated body and removing the coated body from the projection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the manufacturing of a heteroelement thin film, and particularly to a method for manufacturing a metal chalcogenide thin film and the thin film manufactured thereby. The present invention, which relates to a method for manufacturing a metal chalcogenide thin film, may comprise the steps of: supplying a vaporized metal precursor; supplying a chalcogen-containing gas; and forming a thin film by reacting the metal precursor with the chalcogen-containing gas on a growth substrate at a first temperature condition.

Abstract: The present invention may include: a tube providing an interior space in which substrates are processed; a substrate support portion stacking a plurality of substrates in the interior space of the tube in multi-level; a gas supply portion supplying a process gas to the plurality of substrates; an exhaust portion disposed to face the gas supply portion to absorb the process gas; and a flowage adjustment portion having spray openings formed along a circumference of the tube between the gas supply portion and the exhaust portion to spray an adjusting gas, and may be capable of controlling the amount of process gas supplied to an upper surface of the substrate by adjusting the flowage of process gas.

Abstract: A heat treatment apparatus includes: a vertically-extended reaction tube for accommodating a substrate holder with substrates are vertically stacked therein; a gas supply duct integrally formed with the reaction tube to extend in a longitudinal direction of the reaction tube; gas supply holes formed in a region of an outer circumferential wall of the reaction tube and configured to bring an interior of the gas supply duct and an interior of the reaction tube into communication with each other; a preheating duct communicating with the gas supply duct, integrally formed with the reaction tube to extend along the longitudinal direction of the reaction tube up to a predetermined position of a predetermined height existing in the vicinity of an upper end of the outer circumferential wall of the reaction tube; and a pressure-resistant container for covering the reaction tube, the gas supply duct and the preheating duct.

Abstract: Methods of forming 2D metal chalcogenide films using laser-assisted atomic layer deposition are disclosed. A direct-growth method includes: adhering a layer of metal-bearing molecules to the surface of a heated substrate; then reacting the layer of metal-bearing molecules with a chalcogenide-bearing radicalized precursor gas delivered using a plasma to form an amorphous 2D film of the metal chalcogenide; then laser annealing the amorphous 2D film to form a crystalline 2D film of the metal chalcogenide, which can have the form MX or MX2, where M is a metal and X is the chalcogenide. An indirect growth method that includes forming an MO3 film is also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate processing apparatus including a tube having an inner space therein, a substrate supporting unit including a plurality of isolation plates configured to vertically stack a plurality of substrates thereon and divide a processing space, in which the plurality of substrates are processed, into a plurality of processing spaces in the tube, a gas supply unit configured to supply a processing gas to the plurality of substrates, and an exhaust unit disposed to face the gas supply unit to exhaust a gas inside the tube. A plurality of through-holes are defined in each of the isolation plates.

Abstract: Methods and systems for direct lithographic pattern definition based upon electron beam induced alteration of the surface chemistry of a substrate are described. The methods involve an initial chemical treatment for global definition of a specified surface chemistry (SC). Electron beam induced surface reactions between a gaseous precursor and the surface are then used to locally alter the SC. High resolution patterning of stable, specified surface chemistries upon a substrate can thus be achieved. The defined patterns can then be utilized for selective material deposition via methods which exploit the specificity of certain SC combinations or by differences in surface energy. It is possible to perform all steps in-situ without breaking vacuum.

Abstract: A method for depositing metal or metal alloy on a substrate includes preparing a mixture including a hydroxide, a polyol solvent, a metal precursor and a complexing agent, wherein the mixture does not include water; applying the mixture to a substrate including exposed metal surfaces to selectively deposit metal onto the exposed metal surfaces of the substrate; and heating the mixture to a predetermined deposition temperature range from 120° C. and 160° C. at least one of before or after applying the mixture to the substrate.

Abstract: Provided are chrome-free adhesion pretreatment processes for use on a variety of reinforced or unreinforced plastics and polymers, such as polyimides, polyetherimides and polyvinylchloride. The pretreatment process can be performed in a combination of two sequential operations, which includes treating with a first solution containing nitric acid and subsequently treating with a second solution that includes sulfuric acid and periodate ions. Alternatively, the pretreatment process can be performed by treatment with a single combined composition that includes nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and periodate ions. The pretreatment processes, either done in two separate solutions, sequentially, or in one combined solution, produce an adherent surface for further metallization of the article, with adhesional values of the metal layer higher than those achieved using conventional chromic acid pretreatment processes.

Abstract: Disclosed are a nanometal-nanocarbon hybrid material and a method of manufacturing the same, the method including modifying the surface of nanocarbon to introduce a functional group to conductive nanocarbon; mixing the surface-modified nanocarbon with an isocyanate-based compound and a pyrimidine-based compound and allowing them to react, thus forming a nanocarbon dispersion reactive to metal ions; adding the nanocarbon dispersion with a metal salt precursor, a reducing agent and a solvent, thus manufacturing nanometal particles; and separating a hybrid of the nanometal particles having the nanocarbon bound thereto. Thereby, nanocarbon is mixed with an isocyanate-based compound and a pyrimidine-based compound and then allowed to react, whereby the nanocarbon reactive with metal ions is used as an additive, thus obtaining a nanometal having a low-dimensional shape having less than three dimensions.

Abstract: An object is to provide a novel composition for blackening treatment that can sufficiently blacken copper circuits of printed wiring boards, circuits made of silver paste, and other various articles containing a copper-based metal, such as copper or a copper alloy, or a silver-based metal, such as silver or a silver alloy, without impairing the smoothness of the copper-based metal or silver-based metal.

Abstract: The application relates to a ceramic coating system for thermal insulation which contains further layers for protecting against the penetration of CMAS. The application of two additional layers which consist/comprise of platinum titanium oxide, magnesium aluminate or iron aluminate and an outer aluminum or aluminum oxide layer to a ceramic layer system, thereby sufficiently protecting same from CMAS attacks at higher temperatures is provided.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a ceramic matrix composite (CMC) component and an interface coating on the CMC component, wherein the interface coating includes a layer of at least one of the following compositions: 40-50 wt % Nb, 28-42 wt % Al, 4-15 wt % Cr, 1-2 wt % Si; 90-92 wt % Mo, 4-5 wt % Si, 4-5 wt % B; or 60-80 wt % V, 20-30 wt % Cr, 2-15 wt % Ti.