Abstract: The present invention is related to a sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC). It further relates to a method for designing and manufacturing a sigma-delta ADC, and to a digital control loop comprising the same. According to the present invention, part of the filtering function required for noise-shaping is implemented in the feedback path. By suitably distributing the poles over the forward and feedback paths, stable operation can be achieved while offering low latency.

Abstract: Devices and methods of reducing quantization noise using a pyramid stream encoder are generally described. Groups of D digital symbols are iteratively computed for a digital signal such that each group of symbols minimizes a norm of a weighted residue vector. The weighted residue vector is formed by applying predetermined weighting coefficients to components of a residue vector. Each component is a difference between a sample of the digital signal and a linear combination of different groups of digital symbols with predefined filter coefficients. The norm of the weighted residue vector evaluated at a rate D times slower than a sampling rate of an output signal. The groups of D digital symbols are provided as the output signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to an encoder and a decoder and methods therein for supporting split gain shape vector encoding and decoding. The method performed by an encoder, where the encoding of each vector segment is subjected to a constraint related to a maximum number of bits, BMAX, allowed for encoding a vector segment. The method comprises, determining an initial number, Np—init, of segments for a target vector x; and further determining an average number of bits per segment, BAVG, based on a vector bit budget and Np—init. The method further comprises determining a final number of segments to be used, for the vector x, in the gain shape vector encoding, based on energies of the Np—init segments and a difference between BMAX and BAVG. The performing of the method enables an efficient allocation of the bits of the bit budget over the target vector.

Abstract: Mechanisms are provided for the compact storage of geographical geometries as a collection of points, where individual points are encoded as binary/ternary strings (with the property that points closer to each other share a longer binary/ternary prefix) and the geometry is encoded by compressing the binary/ternary representation of common-prefix points. Mechanisms are also provided for the representation of a geometry using a ternary string that allows efficient storage of arbitrary shapes (e.g., long line segments, oblong polygons) as opposed to binary representations that are more efficient when the geometries are square or nearly square shaped.

Abstract: A system and method for comparing a character from a search space simultaneously to each of a set of search characters. The set of search characters may correspond to a regular expression. In one embodiment, the search space character is encoded to a short binary presentation (e.g., to an 8-bit representation), which is then converted to a long binary representation one bit of which is set, at a first position in the long binary representation corresponding to the value of the short representation. Each character of the set of search characters is similarly encoded and converted to a respective long binary representation. If the bit in one of the long binary representations corresponding to the set of search characters is set, it indicates that the search character matches the corresponding character of the set of search characters.

Abstract: A bit interleaver, a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) device and a bit interleaving method are disclosed herein. The bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 3/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for 16-symbol mapping.

Abstract: An encoding apparatus includes a dividing unit that divides an input signal bit sequence into data blocks and an encoding unit that applies error correction encoding to the data blocks to generate code blocks decodable by repetitive decoding calculations for estimating the reliability of signal bits for a plurality of times and a generation unit that generates redundant bits by performing bit calculations between data blocks of each set combining the divided data blocks; and an output unit that outputs the generated code blocks and redundant bits.

Abstract: A method for boost floor mitigation during a decoding operation performed by a decoder is disclosed herein. The method includes: monitoring for a floor error condition while performing the decoding operation; if a floor error condition has been detected, then: clearing a feedback delay memory in the decoder; downscaling main memory values in the decoder; applying a gain in low-rank columns; and continuing to perform the decoding operation.

Abstract: An operating method of an ECC decoder includes receiving first chunk data and second chunk data from a nonvolatile memory device, the second chunk data subsequent to the first chunk data, performing error correction on the first chunk data, determining if the first chunk data includes an uncorrectable error bit and determining not to perform error correction on the second chunk data in response to the first chunk data including the uncorrectable error bit.

Abstract: A bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 5/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for 64-symbol mapping.

Abstract: A bit interleaver, a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) device and a bit interleaving method are disclosed herein. The bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 4/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for 256-symbol mapping.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus is provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: an encoder configured to generate a low density parity check (LDPC) codeword by LDPC encoding based on a parity check matrix; an interleaver configured to interleave the LDPC codeword; and a modulator configured to map the interleaved LDPC codeword onto a modulation symbol, wherein the modulator is further configured to map a bit included in a predetermined bit group from among a plurality of bit groups constituting the LDPC codeword onto a predetermined bit of the modulation symbol.

Abstract: A bit interleaver, a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) device and a bit interleaving method are disclosed herein. The bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 2/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for 64-symbol mapping.

Abstract: A bit interleaver, a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) device and a bit interleaving method are disclosed herein. The bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 16200 and a code rate of 3/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for 16-symbol mapping.

Abstract: The disclosure is related to systems and methods of data recovery using frame matching and erasure windowing. Aspects involve using frame matching in conjunction with erasure windowing to overcome data corruption in a set of data to allow recovery of the set of data. When a synchronization mark indicating the position of a set of data in a superset of data is corrupted, frame matching in conjunction with erasure windowing are used to enable recovery of the set of data by applying one or more frame windows and one or more erasure windows to data including the set of data to recover the set of data.

Abstract: High-speed multi-block-row layered decoding for low density parity check (LDPC) codes is disclosed. In a particular embodiment, a method, in a device that includes a decoder configured to perform an iterative decoding operation, includes processing, at the decoder, first and second block rows of a layer of a parity check matrix simultaneously to generate a first output and a second output. The method includes performing processing of the first output and the second output to generate a first result of a first computation and a second result of a second computation. A length of a “critical path” of the decoder is reduced as compared to a critical path length in which a common feedback message is computed.

Abstract: An encoder and decoder using LDPC-CC which avoid lowering the transmission efficiency of information while not deteriorating error correction performance, even at termination; and an encoding method of the same. A termination sequence length determining unit determines the sequence length of a termination sequence transmitted added to the end of an information sequence, according to the information length (information size) and encoding rate of the information sequence. A parity calculation unit carries out LDPC-CC coding on the information sequence and the known-information sequence necessary for generating a termination sequence of the determined termination sequence length, and calculates a parity sequence.

Abstract: An air interface array system and method for generating electromagnetic transmissions is provided. The system includes partition elements separately and operationally connected to horizontal and vertical circuit boards. In transmission, a radio frequency input is provided to each board. Each circuit board has a phase selector that generates a symbol with one of four phases relative to a plane of the partition elements such an output signal is produced. A time delay selector delays the output signal in order to focus the transmitted beam to be an input signal to an amplifier. The amplified signal drives radio frequency ports to produce horizontally and vertically polarized radiated signal vectors. The signal vectors are combined to form a radio frequency modulation symbol vector. Multiple symbol vectors form a transmitted modulation waveform.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method and apparatus for processing multiple wireless communication services in a receiver. A receiver receives more than one wireless communication service simultaneously via a wireless interface. Each service is transmitted via a different carrier frequency band. The multiple received carrier signals are down-converted to an intermediate frequency (IF) band using a mixer and a local oscillator (LO). The LO frequencies are set such that the down-converted IF bands of the multiple services are fallen into a single IF band.

Abstract: A multi-band user equipment (UE) is configured to operate in a single frequency band mode or a multiple frequency band mode. When operating in a single frequency band mode, the UE activates a bypass switch to route uplink signals of a first band around a multiplexer and reduce the insertion loss for the band.

Abstract: RF front end circuitry includes mid/high-band switching circuitry and a carrier-aggregation diplexer. The mid/high-band switching circuitry is configured to receive and selectively route mid-band and high-band signals between a mid/high-band output port and a number of mid/high-band transceiver ports. The carrier-aggregation diplexer is coupled to a first one of the mid/high-band transceiver ports. Further, the carrier-aggregation diplexer is configured to pass mid-band signals between a mid-band diplexer port and the first one of the mid/high-band transceiver ports while attenuating other signals, and pass high-band signals between a high-band diplexer port and the first one of the mid/high-band transceiver ports while attenuating other signals.

Abstract: Impedance mismatching by a matching circuit provided on a signal line which connects a first common terminal and a second common terminal is eliminated so as to significantly reduce insertion loss of a switch module. Therefore, it is possible to provide a switch module which has a simple configuration without the need for connection of a matching circuit to antenna terminals to which antennas are respectively connected, and is able to selectively connect any one of the antennas and any one of communication systems.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement compensates for signal damping while transmitting transmission signals of a wireless mobile device. The circuit arrangement contains an adjustable signal level amplifying device which has a signal amplifier for amplifying the transmission signals with a signal amplification generated by the signal amplifier. The circuit further has an adjusting device for adjusting a resulting signal amplification, and a detector arrangement which detects whether a signal level of the transmission signal of the mobile device has exceeded an upper threshold and whether the signal level has reached a lower threshold. The detector arrangement causes the adjusting device to reduce the resulting signal amplification generated by the signal level amplifying device if the signal level has reached the upper threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus for interference cancellation in a wireless communication system, includes a cancellation unit configured to receive a transmit (Tx) signal from an output port of a power amplifier and a receive (Rx) signal from an antenna, and generate a cancellation of a primary portion of the Tx signal from the Rx signal at an output thereof, leaving a residual portion as a residual Tx signal, wherein the output of the cancellation unit is coupled to an Rx input port of a transceiver. The apparatus further includes a compensation control unit configured to modify one or more signals within the cancellation unit, based on the residual Tx signal at the output of the cancellation unit.

Abstract: A distortion compensation unit compensates distortion in the amplifier by using a distortion compensation coefficient that is in accordance with a power value of a signal before amplification in the amplifier. An updating unit updates, on the basis of the signal before amplification in the amplifier and a signal after amplification in the amplifier, the distortion compensation coefficient. An extracting unit extracts, at a predetermined number of measurement periods, when the power value of the signal before amplification in the amplifier is equal to or greater than a threshold, the distortion compensation coefficient that is in accordance with the power value. A first calculating unit calculates, by using an average value of the extracted distortion compensation coefficients, an amount of variation in the distortion compensation coefficient. A determination unit determines, on the basis of the calculated amount of variation in the distortion compensation coefficient, whether the amplifier is degraded.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. A transmitting apparatus has a signal processor and a transmitter. The signal processor is configured to generate a signal having a middle channel and at least one side channel. The transmitter is configured to wirelessly transmit the signal subject to a spectral mask that has shoulder regions. According to an embodiment of the invention, the signal processor generates the signal such that each side channel is positioned in one of the shoulder regions of the spectral mask. In this manner, bandwidth from the shoulder regions can be utilized by one or more side channels. Also provided is a receiving apparatus having a receiver configured to wirelessly receive the signal, and a signal processor configured to process the signal.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer readable media are disclosed for determining events and outputting events based on real-time data for location and movement of objects and audio data. In one embodiment, a method is provided for a method of determining play events that at least includes receiving audio data, wherein the audio data is received from at least one of a memory or a sensor; determining an event probability based on comparing the audio data to an audio profile; and generating an event based on the event probability satisfying a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A radio receiving apparatus includes: a radio receiving circuit that frequency-converts a radio signal frequency-modulated with a baseband signal into an intermediate frequency signal; a frequency component detecting circuit that samples the intermediate frequency signal using an over-sampling frequency that is variable and detects a plurality of frequency components in the intermediate frequency signal; and a control circuit that detects a data rate of the baseband signal that is included in the intermediate frequency signal, detects a signal level of the intermediate frequency signal, and determines and sets the over-sampling frequency for the frequency component detecting circuit in accordance with the data rate of the baseband signal and the signal level of the intermediate frequency signal.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus and a method for improving specific absorption ration thereof are provided. The method includes following steps. A first signal quality parameter of a first antenna and a second signal quality parameter of a second antenna are obtained. A first amplifier character parameter of a power amplifier while the power amplifier is connected to the first antenna is predicted, and a second amplifier character parameter of the power amplifier while the power amplifier is connected to the second antenna is predicted. The first antenna or the second antenna is selected to transmit a RF transmission signal according to the first amplifier character parameter, the first signal quality parameter, the second amplifier character parameter and the second signal quality parameter.

Abstract: A transceiver element for an active, electronically controlled antenna system includes a transmit path, a receive path and single-pole change-over switches having a common central connection and two connections for switching between the transmit path and the receive path. An amplitude controller and a phase adjuster are arranged between the common center connections of a first and second single-pole change-over switch. Single-pole multiple toggle switches having a common central connection and a number N of connections are present. The common central connection of the first and second single-pole change-over switch is connected to the common central connection of a first and a second single-pole multiple toggle switch respectively, and an amplitude controller and a phase adjuster are connected between each connection of the number N of connections of the first multiple toggle switch and the second multiple toggle switch.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for diversity modules are provided herein. In certain configurations, a diversity module includes a first antenna-side multi-throw switch, a second antenna-side multi-throw switch, a first transmitter-side multi-throw switch, a second transmitter-side multi-throw switch, a low band (LB) processing circuit, a mid band (MB) processing circuit, and a high band (HB) processing circuit. The LB processing circuit is electrically coupled in a first signal path between the first antenna-side multi-throw switch and the first transceiver-side multi-throw switch, the MB processing circuit is electrically coupled in a second signal path between the second transceiver-side multi-throw switch and the second transceiver-side multi-throw switch, and the HB processing circuit is electrically coupled in a third signal path between the second antenna-side multi-throw switch and the first transmitter-side multi-throw switch.

Abstract: Embodiments of full-duplex self-interference cancellation systems are described. In one embodiment, a full-duplex transceiver includes a digital signal processor that processes digital signals, a transmit chain that receives a first digital baseband signal from the digital signal processor and converts it to a first RF signal, a receive chain that receives a second RF signal and converts the second RF signal to a second digital baseband signal, and an auxiliary receive chain that receives a portion of the first RF signal and converts it to an auxiliary digital baseband signal. The transceiver may further include a self-interference canceller that applies a channel transfer function to the auxiliary digital baseband signal to generate a cancellation signal and subtracts the cancellation signal from the second digital baseband signal to cancel self-interference at the transceiver.

Abstract: A receiver in a CDMA system comprises a front end processor that generates a combined signal per source. A symbol estimator processes the combined signal to produce symbol estimates. An S-Matrix Generation module refines these symbol estimates based on the sub channel symbol estimates. An interference canceller is configured for cancelling interference from at least one of the plurality of received signals for producing at least one interference-cancelled signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device in a network receives a message from a neighboring device that identifies the electrical phase on which the message was sent. Crosstalk is identified between the device and the neighboring device by determining that the message was received on a different electrical phase than the phase on which the message was sent. One or more distinct communication channels between the device and the neighboring device are identified based on the identified crosstalk with each communication channel including or more electrical phases.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus which comprises: a first buffer to receive a first signal from a first transmission media; a second buffer to receive a second signal from a second transmission media separate from the first transmission media; a first summing node coupled to the first buffer, the first summing node to receive output of the first buffer; and a first digital adjustment circuit which is operable to drive a first adjustment signal to the first summing node when a transition edge of the second signal is detected.

Abstract: A power line communication (PLC) network includes a plurality of PLC devices. One such PLC device may include a transmitter power control system that determines a minimum level of transmission power for sufficiently communicating a plurality of data packets from the PLC device over the PLC network to a first destination PLC device on the PLC network by executing a training sequence over the PLC network via an electrical power distribution system. The transmitter power control system applies this minimum level of transmission power to transmit the data packets to the first destination PLC device.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data in a direction of transmission of a clock signal, wherein positive and negative edges of the clock signal are transmitted by pulses with opposite polarity, wherein the polarity of the pulses is not inverted when no data is transmitted, and wherein the polarity of at least one pulse is inverted when data is transmitted.

Abstract: A method for effecting a near field communication, including the steps of positioning a first device at a close proximity to a second device, wherein the close proximity is suitable for the near field communication; and sending a first effectively carrierless signal from the first device to the second device.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for making a pre-payment from a vehicle. In some embodiments, a user is provided with a mobile wallet; information populating at least one payment instrument to the mobile wallet is received; information that the mobile wallet is usable with respect to the vehicle is received; information that the mobile wallet has been presented by the vehicle to a payment location is received; an authorized pre-payment corresponding to items or an amount associated with the payment location is received; a token is received from the user at the payment location; and the pre-payment is settled using the payment instrument.

Abstract: An apparatus including a touch panel display component having at least one display part and an electrically conductive part electrically isolated from the display part. The electrically conductive part forms an induction loop incorporating a magnetic field induction capability. The magnetic field induction loop is used for hearing aid coupling, wireless charging, or contactless data communication. An electrostatic discharge component may be included to provide a discharge path to protect the display.

Abstract: A configuration method of a multimedia system comprising a first device and at least one adjacent device having a mechanism to communicate with the first device. The first device comprises a mechanism to read/write data from/to an NFC data carrier. The method comprises a set-up phase and an exploitation phase.

Abstract: A remote energy transfer system is provided that is capable of wirelessly transmitting data and power through barriers. Generally, the remote energy transfer system comprises at least one power antenna, at least one data antenna, and at least one link controller operatively coupled to the power antenna and the data antenna. The link controller can be configured to at least partially control the energy transfer from the power antenna and the data transfer of the data antenna.

Abstract: Improved configurations for wireless energy transfer can include system elements of a wireless energy transfer system that may pair in-band and out-of-band communication channels by exchanging related information. Energy transfer signals may be modulated according to defined waveforms. Information about the signal may be transmitted using an out-of-band communication channel. A system element that receives both the signal and information may verify that they correspond to the same system element.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes first communication means having a first communication function for wirelessly communicating with a partner apparatus, and second communication means having an electric power supply function for wirelessly supplying electric power to the partner apparatus and a second communication function for wirelessly communicating with the partner apparatus. The second communication function is for transmitting specific data sequence to the partner apparatus in response to reception of specific data from the partner apparatus, and the electric power supply function is for supplying electric power to the partner apparatus in a case of receiving from the partner apparatus, with the first communication means, a signal indicating that the partner apparatus has received the data sequence.

Abstract: An electrical instrument of the present invention includes: a main function section; a communication section that receives an aspect of a main function to be executed by the main function section from an external information terminal by near field communication; an input section for allowing a user to input an aspect of the main function to be executed by the main function section; a notification section for issuing a notice on information regarding the near field communication; a main function section control unit that controls the main function section based on the aspect of the main function, which is inputted to the input section, and based on the aspect of the main function, which is received by the communication section; a history recording unit that records a near field communication control history that is a history that the main function section control unit has controlled the main function section based on the aspect of the main function, which is received by the communication section; and a notific

Abstract: A near field communication device is disclosed herein. An example of such a device includes a user interface and an application that displays information on the user interface. The device also includes a non-transitory storage medium including a list of data elements that may appear within the information displayed in the user interface and a near field communication filter module to automatically extract any of the data elements from the information displayed on the user interface via the application. The example additionally includes a near field communication write module to automatically record any of the extracted data elements transferred by the near field communication filter module to a near field communication data tag. Examples of a method for use in a near field communication device and a non-transitory storage medium are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A system in which a portable electronic device communicates with an external device to determine a location. Upon determining its location, the portable electronic device transmits this information as well as identifying information to a control processor. The control processor controls one or more controllable devices according to the location and identifying information. The portable electronic device may determine the location via NFC tag or via one or more RF beacons transmitting information according to the Bluetooth 4.0 protocol.

Abstract: An antenna structure includes a ferromagnetic patch, first metal conductive lines, second metal conductive lines, and metal connection elements. The ferromagnetic patch has a first surface and a second surface, and the second surface is opposite to the first surface. The first metal conductive lines are disposed on the first surface of the ferromagnetic patch. The second metal conductive lines are disposed on the second surface of the ferromagnetic patch. The metal connection elements penetrate the ferromagnetic patch. The metal connection elements further connect the first metal conductive lines to the second metal conductive lines, respectively.

Abstract: A method for cooperative beamforming communication, is described including negotiating, at a first access point, a cooperative transmit beamforming with a second access point having an overlapped basic service set (OBSS) area with the first access point, and transmitting, from the first access point, a clear-to-send (CTS) signal to the second access point. The method, upon detecting at the first access point a completion of transmission of the CTS signal, performs at the first access point the cooperative transmit beamforming with the second access point during a time duration of the cooperative transmit beamforming and after a predetermined time interval has elapsed.

Abstract: A master station apparatus modulates downlink digital control data that includes at least a synchronization signal and a control signal, adds resource element information to the modulated control data, and composites downlink digital frequency-domain user data that has not been modulated and data originating from the modulated control data to which the resource element information has been added. A slave station apparatus converts a received optical signal into an electrical signal, separates, from the electrical signal, the frequency-domain user data and the data originating from the modulated control data, modulates the frequency-domain user data, adds resource element information to the modulated user data, and transmits time-domain composite data including a component originating from the modulated user data and a component originating from the modulated control data by radio waves.