Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide DNA of a glycoalkaloid biosynthetic enzyme of a solanaceous plant (Solanaceae) such as a potato. The present invention relates to a protein having glycoalkaloid biosynthetic enzyme activity of a solanaceous plant such as a potato and a method for producing/detecting a novel organism using a gene encoding the protein.

Abstract: Genetically engineered plants having altered levels of one or more starch regulation enzymes and a polysaccharide degrading enzyme are provided. Methods of genetically engineering plants to express products altering expression of one or more starch regulation enzymes and polysaccharide degrading enzymes, and genetic constructs are provided. Methods of agricultural processing and animal feed using the genetically engineered plants are described.

Abstract: Isolated nucleic acid fragments comprising precursor miRNAs, and artificial miRNAs and their use in down-regulating gene expression of fatty acid biosynthetic genes are described.

Abstract: An isolated linear nucleic acid molecule comprising in this order: a first adeno-associated virus (AAV) inverted terminal repeat (ITR), a nucleotide sequence of interest and a second AAV ITR, wherein said nucleic acid molecule is devoid of AAV capsid protein coding sequences. The said nucleic acid molecule can be applied to a host at repetition without eliciting an immune response. Methods for producing and purifying this nucleic acid molecule, and use of the same for therapeutic purposes are also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and apparatuses for transfecting a cell with a compound of interest by stressing the cell, e.g. with shear stress. The compound of interest may be nucleic acids, proteins, molecules, nanoparticles, drugs, etc., or any combination thereof. Methods of printing cells with an inkjet printing device are also provided, wherein at least a portion of viable cells (preferably at least 1%) are transfected with a compound of interest. Preferably, at least 25% of the cells are viable after printing. In addition, methods of forming an array of viable cells are provided wherein at least a portion of the viable printed cells (preferably at least 1%) are transfected with at least one compound of interest.

Abstract: The present invention provides Thermococcus onnurineus MC02 strain (accession no. KCTC12511BP) having increased hydrogen production ability, wherein the expression of rchA gene of the strain increases. Also, the present invention provides a method for producing the strain belonged to the genus Thermococcus having increased hydrogen production ability comprising, increasing the expression of rchA gene of the strain, and hydrogen production method using the strain.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for production of fatty alcohols using recombinant microorganisms are provided as well as fatty alcohol compositions produced by such methods.

Abstract: A method to increase the production of products of interest in plant material including plant cultures, such as, for example, cell suspension cultures, root cultures, and hairy root cultures is provided. In one embodiment, the method is to contacting the plant material with a precursor or xenobiotic when producing a product of interest from a plant. In another embodiment the plant material is also contacted with a trapping agent. The process may also provide for contacting an elicitor of the product of interest with the plant material. An embodiment provides for contacting an elicitor, precursor and trapping agent with the plant material. The ability to produce novel compounds such as glucosides and glucuronides is provided.

Abstract: Processes for starting up and operating anaerobic, deep tank fermentation systems to anaerobically bioconvert hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a gaseous substrate stream to oxygenated organic compounds and for steady operation of such fermentation systems are shown. Injectors use a motive liquid to introduce gas substrate as a stable gas-in liquid dispersion into the deep tank fermentation reactor where at least one of: (i) adjusting the gas to liquid flow ratio through an injector, (ii) changing the rate of liquid flow through an injector, and (iii) adjusting the carbon monoxide mole fraction in the gas feed by admixture with at least one other gas, wherein the mass transfer of carbon monoxide to an aqueous menstruum in the reactor is controlled to obtain the robust growth of the microorganism and/or continued conversion of gas substrate while maintaining the carbon monoxide concentration below that amount which is unduly adverse to the microorganism.

Abstract: Provided is a yeast cell having a stress tolerance, wherein the yeast cell has enhanced MSN2 activity, a method of producing the yeast cell, and a method of producing lactate by using the same.

Abstract: The invention provides an isolated genetically modified non-mammalian organism, wherein the activity of acyl-CoA:sterol acyltransferase/sterol O-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.26) and/or diacylglycerol acyltransferase/diacylglycerol O-acyltranferase (EC 2.3.1.20) and/or lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase/phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.158) and/or acyl CoA-wax alcohol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.75) is reduced or abolished in comparison with a corresponding wildtype organism, methods of use of such an organism, shuttle vehicles for making such an organism and methods for producing such an organism.

Abstract: The invention relates to genetically modified Pichia ciferrii cells, to the use thereof and to a method of producing sphingoid bases and sphingolipids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and intermediates useful for the manufacture of spiroindolone compounds such as (1?R,3?S)-5,7?-dichloro-6?-fluoro-3?-methyl-2?,3?,4?,9?-tetrahydrospiro[indoline-3,1?-pyrido[3,4-b]indol]-2-one and salts and hydrates and solvates thereof.

Abstract: A method for constructing a functional nucleic acid molecule comprising 1 or 2 nucleic acid strands, wherein 2 or more fragments having at corresponding ends a functional group pair that can mutually couple through a chemical reaction are introduced into a cell, and a functional nucleic acid molecule comprising 1 or 2 nucleic acid strands is formed by ligating mutually the fragments through a reaction between the functional groups in the cell.

Abstract: Method for enzymatically synthesizing an oligopeptide, comprising the coupling of an (optionally N-protected) protected oligopeptide ester with an (optionally C-protected) protected oligopeptide nucleophile in an organic solvent or an organic solvent mixture having a water content of 0.1 vol % or less, by a subtilisin in any possible form.

Abstract: Provided is a method for measuring a color change of an oxidation-reduction indicator, which method is applicable to measurement of the cariogenic bacterial count and the like. A color change of an oxidation-reduction indicator is measured by a method for measuring a color change of an oxidation-reduction indicator, the method comprising reacting a test reagent with a test sample and measuring a color change, wherein the test reagent contains an oxidation-reduction indicator, an oxidation-reduction promoter, and a halogen salt.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for enhancing chemical reactions of molecules, e.g., biomolecules, with destructible surfactants. The chemical reactions may involve and/or be associate with analysis, e.g., solubilizing, separating, purifying and/or characterizing the molecules. In one aspect, the anionic surfactants of the present invention may be selectively broken up at relatively low pH. The resulting breakdown products of the surfactants may be removed from the molecule/sample with relative ease. The invention has applicability in a variety of analytical techniques.

Abstract: Provided are an enzyme treatment apparatus for proteins using a hollow fiber membrane and an on-line proteomics method using same. The enzyme treatment apparatus for proteins according to the present invention can increase a recovery rate of peptides, which are recovered through an enzyme treatment process, by basically solving the problem of low reproducibility of an enzyme activity which may occur during a conventional enzyme treatment process, and can also reduce a time for purification and provide higher yield by performing separation and purification through a single step. In particular, the present invention can be usefully applied for developing a disease-specific protein biomarker through a statistical analysis method having highly efficient detectability for proteins in research for finding biomarkers related to human diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for determining the relative amount of wrongly disulphide bridged TNFR2:Fc in a sample of TNFR2:Fc, a fusion protein which is used in a variety of therapeutic applications. In addition, the invention pertains to a method for purifying TNFR2:Fc using said method for determining the percentage of wrongly disulphide bridged TNFR2:Fc, and to TNFR2:Fc compositions obtained thereby.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for assaying binding of compounds to G-quadruplex structures. Also provided are methods for screening candidate compounds for use as modulators of G-quadruplex activity, and methods for screening candidate compounds for telomerase inhibitory activity. The invention further provides novel compounds useful in the assays of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention concerns monomeric or polymeric linker molecules useful in biological and chemical applications, their synthesis, and the synthesis and use of derivatives of the linkers conjugated to a variety of detectable labels and other substances. The linkers may be used, for example, in conjunction with fluorescent labels, nucleic acid or nucleic acid analog probes, and solid phase systems, and to enhance the solubility of the conjugated molecules.

Abstract: The present invention provides a universally applicable lysis buffer comprising a chaotropic 5 agent, a reducing agent, and a proteolytic enzyme suitable for processing a wide variety of different sample types, such as different types of bodily samples relevant for the diagnosis of a respiratory disease. Furthermore, the present invention provides the use of a chaotropic agent, a reducing agent, and a proteolytic enzyme for the lysis of a broad spectrum of bodily samples. Moreover, the present invention provides a method for processing bodily samples which is universally applicable to the lysis of a variety of different types of bodily samples. Furthermore, the present invention provides methods for analyzing a bodily sample or for detecting the presence of a pathogen in a bodily sample, preferably, for diagnosing a respiratory disease, such as pneumonia or tuberculosis.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a multiplex fluid processing cartridge includes a sample well, a deformable fluid chamber, a mixing well with a mixer disposed therein, a lysis chamber including a lysis mixer, an electrowetting grid for microdroplet manipulation, and electrosensor arrays configured to detect analytes of interest. An instrument for processing the cartridge is configured to receive the cartridge and to selectively apply thermal energy, magnetic force, and electrical connections to one or more discrete locations on the cartridge and is further configured to compress the deformable chamber(s) in a specified sequence.

Abstract: An automated analyzer for performing multiple diagnostic assays simultaneously includes multiple stations, or modules, in which discrete aspects of the assay are performed on fluid samples contained in reaction receptacles. The analyzer includes stations for automatically preparing a specimen sample, incubating the sample at prescribed temperatures for prescribed periods, performing an analyte isolation procedure, and ascertaining the presence of a target analyte. An automated receptacle transporting system moves the reaction receptacles from one station to the next.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for multiple displacement amplification of a nucleic acid sequence in a sample. The nucleic acid is contacted with a reaction mixture that includes a set of oligonucleotide primers and a plurality of polymerase enzymes. The reaction mixture is subjected to conditions under which the nucleic acid sequence is amplified to produce an amplification product in a multiple displacement amplification reaction. Also disclosed are kits containing a set of oligonucleotide primers with random sequences having lengths of 6 to 8 nucleobases. At least some of the individual members of the primers have one or more ribose modifications that stabilize or lock the ribose ring in a 3? -endo conformation. At least some of the primers have one or more universal nucleobases.

Abstract: System, including methods, apparatus, compositions, and kits, for making and using a stabilized emulsion. A method of generating a stabilized emulsion is provided. In the method, an aqueous phase may be provided. The aqueous phase may include an effective concentration of one or more skin-forming proteins. An emulsion may be formed. The emulsion may include droplets of a dispersed phase disposed in a continuous phase, with the aqueous phase being the continuous phase or the dispersed phase. The emulsion may be heated to create an interfacial skin between each droplet and the continuous phase, to transform the droplets into capsules.

Abstract: A method for amplifying a nucleic acid amplification in the presence of an ionic liquid that suppresses an inhibitor of nucleic acid amplification, particularly when in a biological material, and a composition useful for performing the method.

Abstract: The present invention is directed generally to the use of stem-loop oligonucleotides comprising an inverted repeat, a loop, and at least one degradable site or site capable of becoming a degradable site in the preparation of DNA molecules, such as a library. In particular embodiments, the invention employs a single reaction mixture and conditions. In particular, at least part of the inverted palindrome is removed during the preparation of the molecules to facilitate amplification of the molecules. Thus, in specific embodiments, the DNA molecules are suitable for amplification and are not hindered by the presence of the palindrome.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for identifying the presence of one or more target nucleotide sequences in a sample that involve a nuclease-ligation reaction. In some embodiments, the ligation products formed in the nuclease-ligation process of the present invention are subsequently amplified using a polymerase chain reaction. The ligated product sequences or extension products thereof are detected, and the presence of one or more target nucleotide sequences in the sample is identified based on the detection.

Abstract: A reversibly modified ‘hot start’ RNase H enzyme composition is described for the improved CATACLEAVE™ probe detection of nucleic acid sequences in a test sample. A key feature of the enzyme composition is the ability to regulate the catalytic activity of the RNase H during the course of a reverse transcription-PCR cycle. Thus, RNase H activity can be initially suppressed to minimize degradation of RNA:DNA primer heteroduplexes prior to reverse transcription. After cDNA synthesis is complete, RNase H activity is induced to promote the cleavage and fluorescent detection of CATACLEAVE™ probes that anneal to target DNA sequences within the reverse transcriptase-PCR products. The inducible RNase H enzyme is amenable to high throughput applications requiring one step reverse transcriptase CATACLEAVE™ PCR in a single reaction mix.

Abstract: The invention relates to prenatal detection methods using non-invasive techniques. In particular, it relates to prenatal diagnosis of a fetal chromosomal aneuploidy by detecting fetal and maternal nucleic acids in a maternal biological sample. More particularly, the invention applies multiplex PCR to amplify selected fractions of the respective chromosomes of maternal and fetal chromosomes. Respective amounts of suspected aneuploid chromosomal regions and reference chromosomes are determined from massive sequencing analysis followed by a statistical analysis to detect a particular aneuploidy.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and method for the detection of rare mutations and copy number variations in cell free polynucleotides. Generally, the systems and methods comprise sample preparation, or the extraction and isolation of cell free polynucleotide sequences from a bodily fluid; subsequent sequencing of cell free polynucleotides by techniques known in the art; and application of bioinformatics tools to detect rare mutations and copy number variations as compared to a reference. The systems and methods also may contain a database or collection of different rare mutations or copy number variation profiles of different diseases, to be used as additional references in aiding detection of rare mutations, copy number variation profiling or general genetic profiling of a disease.

Abstract: The method of identifying Date Palm gender using SCAR primers includes using modern genetics techniques for detecting a novel sex-linked marker (SEQ ID NO: 1) in a Date Palm sample. The presence of the Date Palm sex-linked marker (SEQ ID NO: 1) in the sample is indicative that the sample is from a male Date Palm plant. The method of identifying Date Palm gender to determine the gender of Date Palms can be used to determine the gender of Date Palms of any age.

Abstract: Seven protective alleles for IgA nephropathy have been discovered that can be identified by analyzing a DNA sample for seven respective SNPs. A method is provided for identifying and treating subjects at risk of developing IgA neuropathy based on a new seven-SNP genetic risk score. Also provided are screening methods to identify compounds that bind to and reduce the expression or biological activity of a either CFHR1 or CFHR3.

Abstract: The present invention features methods, devices, and kits for predicting the sensitivity of a patient to a compound or medical treatment. The invention also features methods for identifying biomarkers, the expression of which correlates to treatment sensitivity or resistance within a patient population or subpopulation.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method for detecting the presence or absence of a cancer in a biological sample of an individual, by determining the level of mutation and methylation of one or more genes from a group of genes comprising TP53, CTNNB1, hTERT, RASSF1A, GSTP1, p16, p15 and SFRP-1. Also provided herein is an assay to detect p53 mutations suitable for DNA isolated from biological body fluid in order to screen cancer patients. Also provided is a method for detecting the presence or absence of a liver cancer in an individual by determining the level of methylation. Also provided is a suitable method for detecting the presence or absence of a liver cancer in an individual by determining the level of methylation of the promoter of the GSTP1 gene in body fluid such as urine or blood. Also provided is a suitable method for detecting the presence or absence of a liver cancer in an individual by determining the level of methylation of the promoter of the RASSF1A gene in body fluid such as urine or blood.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for methods, compositions, and kits for multiplex nucleic acid analysis of single cells. The methods, compositions and systems may be used for massively parallel single cell sequencing. The methods, compositions and systems may be used to analyze thousands of cells concurrently. The thousands of cells may comprise a mixed population of cells (e.g., cells of different types or subtypes, different sizes).

Abstract: Disclosed is an enhanced method for rapid and cost-effective analysis of sequences of a microorganism by semi-conductor sequencing, preferably ion-torrent sequencing. This method provides for full length analysis and of multiple areas (e.g. genes) of multiple genomes. These methods identify genetic mutations of a particular gene that are responsible for conferring resistance or sensitivity to an antibiotic or other chemical compound. Multiple different species, strains and/or serotypes of a particular organism are rapidly and efficiently screened and mutations identified along with the complete genome of an organism. By selecting primers pairs of similar size and GC content that produce amplicons with sequences spanning the entire genome, a single PCR reaction analyzed by ion torrent methodology can determine the sequence of a complete genome. Methods are useful to sequences the genomes of viral agents, such as influenza virus, and bacterial agents, such as tuberculosis bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a technology to provide segmental aneuploidy progeny strains of Trichoderma reesei. In particular, the present invention relates to a method to produce segmental aneuploidy progeny strains of Trichoderma reesei via sexual crossing of two parent haploid strains with chromosome heterozygosity (e.g. one having scaffold M and scaffold 33, the other having scaffold F and scaffold X), preferably at least one of which includes a non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) gene. The present invention also relates to stable, segmental aneuploidy progeny strains of richoderma reesei thus produced which particularly exhibit enhanced gene expression or activities of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and more particularly prevent returning to euploidy for an extended period of time.

Abstract: Nucleic acid molecules derived from sequences of novel human parvovirus B19 variant genomes are provided. Also provided are assays and kits comprising the nucleic acid molecules.

Abstract: A method of producing a sugar liquid, includes filtering a cellulose-derived sugar liquid through one or more separation membranes selected from the group consisting of ultrafiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes, and washing the separation membrane(s) after filtration with warm water at a temperature of not less than 50° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for measuring the liquid-metal surface level (13) and the slag surface level (14) in the crucible (1) of a metallurgical shaft furnace comprising the following steps: measuring, at one or more points on the external wall (2) of the crucible, the following variables: the circumferential strain in said external wall (2) by means of a number of strain-gauge sensors (6) fixed to the armor (4) of the external wall (2) of the crucible; and the temperature of said external wall (2) by means of one or more temperature sensors (7) fixed to the armor (4) of the external wall (2) of the crucible; introducing said variables measured at a number of points on the external wall of the crucible into the general equation governing circumferential strain, the solution of which is analytical, and which contains two unknowns, the liquid metal level and the overall liquid metal/slag level, considering set parameters; and solving said equation and obtaining an analytical solution giving th

Abstract: A thermally efficiency regenerative air preheater 250 extracts more thermal energy from the flue gas exiting a solid fuel fired furnace 26 by employing an alkaline injection system 276. This mitigates acid fouling by selectively injecting different sized alkaline particles 275 into the air preheater 250. Small particles provide nucleation sites for condensation and neutralization of acid vapors. Large particles are injected to contact and selectively adhere to the heat exchange elements 542 and neutralize liquid acid that condenses there. When the deposit accumulation exceeds a threshold, the apparatus generates and utilizes a higher relative percentage of large particles. Similarly, a larger relative percentage of small particles are used in other cases. Mitigation of the fouling conditions permits the redesign of the air preheater 250 to achieve the transfer of more heat from the flue resulting in a lower flue gas outlet temperature without excessive fouling.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing such steel sheet includes continuous annealing of a steel sheet which includes, in terms of mass %, C at 0.01 to 0.18%, Si at 0.4 to 2.0%, Mn at 1.0 to 3.0%, Al at 0.001 to 1.0%, P at 0.005 to 0.060% and S at ?0.01%, the balance being represented by Fe and inevitable impurities, in such a manner that the dew point of the atmosphere is controlled to become not more than ?45° C. during the course of soaking when the annealing furnace inside temperature is in the range of not less than 820° C. and not more than 1000° C. as well as that the dew point of the atmosphere is controlled to become not more than ?45° C. during the course of cooling when the annealing furnace inside temperature is in the range of not less than 750° C.

Abstract: A method for producing a hot-pressed member includes heating a coated steel sheet, which includes, on a surface thereof, a Zn—Ni alloy coating layer containing 10% by mass or more and less than 13% by mass of Ni at a coating weight of over 50 g/m2 per side of the steel sheet, in a temperature region of an Ac3 transformation point to 1200° C. at an average heating rate of 12° C./second or more, and then hot-pressing the steel sheet.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a hot stamped body, the method including: a hot-rolling step; a coiling step; a cold-rolling step; a continuous annealing step; and a hot stamping step, in which the continuous annealing step includes a heating step of heating the cold-rolled steel sheet to a temperature range of equal to or higher than Ac1° C. and lower than Ac3° C.; a cooling step of cooling the heated cold-rolled steel sheet from the highest heating temperature to 660° C. at a cooling rate of equal to or less than 10° C./s; and a holding step of holding the cooled cold-rolled steel sheet in a temperature range of 550° C. to 660° C. for one minute to 10 minutes.

Abstract: Low-alloy steels and methods of manufacturing pipes having a wall thickness greater than or equal to about 8 mm and less than or equal to about 35 mm therefrom are provided. In one embodiment, a steel composition is processed that yields an average prior austenite grain size greater than about 15 or 20 ?m and smaller than about 100 ?m. A quenching sequence has been determined that yields a microstructure of greater than or equal to about 60% martensite by volume, and less than or equal to about 40% by volume lower bainite, without substantial formation of ferrite, upper bainite, or granular bainite. The yield strength of the quenched and tempered pipes may be greater than about 70 ksi, 80 ksi, or 90 ksi. The quenched and tempered pipes are suitable for 70 ksi, 80 ksi, and 90 ksi grades and resistant to sulfide stress corrosion cracking.

Abstract: A system and method for melting a raw material. The raw material is fed into an electrically conductive vessel. A plasma arc torch melts at least some of the raw material within the vessel to thereby create a molten material. An inductor, physically disposed adjacent the vessel, and electrically disposed in series with the vessel in operation, effects electromagnetic stirring of the molten material by interacting with the current of the plasma arc torch.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a ferroalloy containing nickel. From a fine-grained raw material containing iron and chromium and a fine-grained raw material containing nickel, a mixture is formed with binding agent, the mixture is agglomerated so that first formed objects of desired size are obtained. The objects formed are heat treated in order to strengthen the objects so that the heat treated objects withstand conveyance and loading into a smelter furnace. Further, the objects are smelted under reducing circumstances in order to achieve ferrochromenickel, a ferroalloy of a desired composition containing at least iron, chromium and nickel.

Abstract: Provided are a rolled Mg alloy material whose mechanical properties are locally different in a width direction, a Mg alloy structural member produced by plastically working the rolled Mg alloy material, and a method for producing the rolled Mg alloy material. The method for producing a rolled Mg alloy material includes rolling a Mg alloy material with a reduction roll. The reduction roll has three or more regions in the width direction. The temperature is controlled in each of the regions so that a difference between a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature exceeds 10° C. in the width direction of a surface of the reduction roll. The rolled state in the width direction is varied by varying a difference in temperature over the width direction of the reduction roll. As a result, it is possible to produce a rolled Mg alloy material whose mechanical properties are locally different in the width direction.