Abstract: A screen panel has a pre-tensioned screen with a polished metal plate mounted to the top of the frame to eliminate all the exposed surface areas of epoxy which secures the screen to the screen panel frame. The metal plate also provides an edge against which a silicone bead may be seated to provide a much cleaner and finished looking panel which is anticipated to meet the standards set forth by the USDA. Additionally, the spatial positioning of the plate atop the screen material and screen frame allows for a clean and smooth transition across the components and one which may accept a finished bead of silicon or other material for reducing and/or eliminating sites for mold growth or other containments thereby enhancing the ability to clean and sterilize the screen panel for the processing of various materials.

Abstract: A sieving apparatus for fractionating a grain product comprises a top chamber separated from a bottom chamber by a sieve; a top chamber cover defined by a plurality of openings that allow substantially vertical entry of an air stream into the top chamber when the interior of the sieving apparatus is under vacuum via first exit port in a side wall of the bottom chamber for exit of air; an inlet port in a sidewall of the top chamber, the inlet port configured for feeding of dry grain particles into the top chamber and for substantially horizontal entry of air into the top chamber; and a first exit port in a sidewall of the bottom chamber for exit of air and exit of a first grain fraction from the bottom chamber when the interior of the sieving apparatus is under vacuum via the exit port.

Abstract: Feed apparatus for feeding flat articles to a bin carrousel having bins that circulate around a loop in a certain direction comprises a flat conveyor in which the articles are moved in series and as laid flat, and a platform carrousel having tipper platforms each of which is suitable for tilting between a horizontal position and an inclined position and that circulate around a loop in such a manner as to be synchronized with the bin conveyor and in the same direction.

Abstract: A moistened wipe that has a first moistened sheet, having a top surface, a bottom surface, a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side; and a second moistened sheet, having a top surface, a bottom surface, a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side, wherein the top surface of the first side, second side and third side of the second moistened sheet are adhered to the bottom surface of the first side, second side and third side, respectively, of the first moistened sheet and the fourth side of the first moistened sheet and the fourth side of the second sheet are unattached, forming an opening between the first moistened sheet and the second moistened sheet.

Abstract: Provided is a method of cleaning a surface of a glass film (1b) by causing roller brushes (2) arranged on a conveyance path to rotate in a direction reverse to a conveyance direction of a belt-shaped body (1) while conveying the belt-shaped body (1) that is obtained by coupling together end portions of the belt-shaped glass film (1b) and a leader (1a) by a sheet-shaped coupling member (1c) bonded on surfaces of the end portions. The method includes causing the roller brushes (2) to rotate forward in conformity with the conveyance direction of the belt-shaped body (1) when the coupling member (1c) passes through an arrangement region of the roller brushes (2).

Abstract: A floor mat cleaning system configured for cleaning an at least one floor mat is disclosed. In at least one embodiment, the system provides an enclosure sized for receiving the floor mat therewithin. A front wall of the enclosure defines an opening that allows access into the enclosure. A suspension mechanism is positioned within the enclosure and configured for allowing the floor mat to be selectively suspended therewithin. A washing assembly is engaged with the enclosure and configured for cleaning the suspended floor mat. A floor panel, front wall, rear wall and opposing side walls of the enclosure cooperate to define a basin configured for catching and retaining any debris or substances that might fall from the suspended floor mat while it is being cleaned.

Abstract: The present invention is a deep cleaning process for carpets through its unique restorative cleaning process. The present comprises a use of restorative cleaning agent and cleansers according to the pH level of the stain, and a method either of agitating with hand-held polyester carpet brush or of rotary power scrubbing with polyester brush. Through its unique deep cleaning process including anti-ghost stain treatment to prevent the stain from re-appearing, the present invention will yield cleaner cleaning process than the industry standard cleaning method. In an alternative embodiment of the Restorative Cleaning Process of the present invention, man-made carpet fibers are cleaned using a series of cleaning steps designed to extract soil particulates from the fibers of the carpet and decrease the time it takes for the carpet to dry. In addition, an anti-reappearing ghost spot device utilizing the anti-reappearing ghost spot post-treatment is used to prevent spots from re-appearing.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for treating a substrate. A method for treating a substrate includes a chamber cleaning step. In the chamber cleaning step a treatment space is cleaned by supplying a cleaning fluid. The cleaning fluid is generated by chemical reaction of a first gas and a second gas by applying plasma while supplying the first gas and the second gas which is different from the first gas into the inside of the process chamber.

Abstract: A thread cleaner system for cleaning threads in a compression fitting includes a compression fitting. A cleaner is removably inserted into the compression fitting. The cleaner may be rotated when the cleaner is removably inserted into the compression fitting. Thus, the cleaner may clean the compression fitting. The shaft portion is coupled to and extends away from the second end.

Abstract: An endoscope reprocessor includes: an endoscope information reading section configured to read endoscope information from each of endoscopes; a treatment tank in which the endoscopes are disposed; a number detection section configured to detect a number of the endoscopes disposed in the treatment tank; a determination section configured to determine whether a first number that is the number of endoscopes read by the endoscope information reading section is equal to a second number that is the number of the endoscopes detected by the number detection section; a notification section configured to execute error notification; and a control section connected with the determination section and the notification section, and configured to drive the notification section when the determination section determines that the first number is different from the second number.

Abstract: A method of thermally servicing a solvent-refining column comprises: running a closed-loop water-steam system past a top and bottom of a first column, the first column containing at least a solvent and impurities; boiling pressurized water in the closed-loop water-steam system to steam using first heat from the top of the first column; compressing the steam in the closed-loop water-steam system to a higher temperature; and providing second heat to the first column by condensing the steam at the bottom of the first column after compression.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is disclosed. The method includes processing a substrate by supplying a process gas to the substrate in a process chamber. The method further includes performing a purge to an interior of the process chamber while periodically changing an internal pressure of the process chamber based on a pressure width by setting a process of supplying a purge gas into the process chamber to increase the internal pressure of the process chamber and a process of vacuum-exhausting an interior of the process chamber to decrease the internal pressure of the process chamber to one cycle and repeating the cycle a plurality of times.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for preventing or mitigating elevated temperatures within a landfill. The system comprises at least one water tight heat exchange unit with a lower edge and an upper edge, wherein the placement of the heat exchange unit is at least one of (1) within the waste mass proximate the area of elevated temperature, or (2) within the area of elevated temperature, the at least one heat exchange unit fabricated to resist differential settlement forces within the landfill as well as the elevated temperatures. The system further includes piping configured to discharge a cooling fluid within the heat exchange unit and a heat exchanger for ejecting heat from the cooling fluid and at least one temperature probe configured to measure the temperature of the waste mass. The system utilizes a pump adapted to circulate the cooling fluid within the piping system and to the heat exchange unit.

Abstract: The present abstract relates to an invention patent for a closed-circuit mobile system for recovering contaminated soils, pertaining to the field of combating environmental pollution; said system comprising, essentially: 1)—a step of washing the contaminated soil SC (block 1), consisting essentially of removing the contaminated soil SC from the place of origin O and homogenizing same under high pressure with washing solution SLAV comprised of water+washing product PL containing modified terpenoids and/or terpenes; provided by compact washing equipment (1) installed close to the place of origin O of the contaminated soil SC where the recovered soil SR is backfilled; and 2)—a recovery step carried out using centrifugal clarifier (10) and centrifuge (20) (block 2), wherein recovered contaminants CR and recovered washing product PLR are produced, the latter being recycled to make up washing solution SLAV, and the recovered contaminants CR being reused in process P that originated same or other; said steps (1) and

Abstract: A system for treatment of contaminated sediments and soils using free radical chemical reaction and phase separation processes comprises a sediment or soil inlet system, a slurry tank, wherein the inlet system feeds the slurry tank, a water make-up tank, an optional acid storage tank, wherein the water make-up tank and the acid storage tank are connected to the slurry tank, a reaction vessel, wherein the slurry tank is connected to the reaction vessel, an oxidant agent storage tank, an optional catalyst storage tank, wherein the oxidant agent storage tank and the catalyst storage tank are connected to the reaction vessel, a first particle separator, wherein the reaction vessel is connected to the first particle separator, and an oil/water separator, wherein the first particle separator is connected to the oil/water separator is disclosed. A method for treatment of contaminated sediments and soils is also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to methods of forming glassy alloys. A glassy alloy is cold rolled at a temperature less than Tg of the glassy alloy to form a flattened glassy alloy. Then, the cold rolled glassy alloy is thermoplastically formed at a temperature above Tg of the glassy alloy. In certain embodiments, the flattened glassy alloy may have one or more shear bands and/or micro-cracks, and the thermoplastic forming may heal the shear bands and/or micro-cracks. The resulting glassy alloy may thereby have reduced or eliminated shear bands and/or micro-cracks.

Abstract: The invention provides a brush bristle and a brush roll that exhibit a suitable abrasive force and that can reduce or eliminate the abrasion of a mill roll as much as possible. The brush bristle is for use in a brush roll B configured to scour a mill roll for rolling a metal sheet S, and includes one or more monofilaments 2 made of a thermoplastic resin containing abrasive particles. The abrasive particles have a hardness lower than the hardness of the mill roll, and higher than the hardness of the metal sheet S.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus (1) for the applying of and removal by suction of operating fluids onto rolling stock (2) and off rolling stock (2) in the inlet (4) of cold rolling systems (6) and comprises at least one spray device (7) arranged above or below a rolling stock transport line (8), wherein at least one operating fluid can be placed by the spray device (7) onto a surface of the rolling stock (2) or onto a surface of a working roll (9) which makes contact with the rolling stock (2), and to at least one suction removal device (10) which can be arranged above or below the rolling stock transport line (8) and on the same side of the rolling stock transport line (8) as the spray device (7), wherein the suction removal device (10) acts in the vicinity of the surface of the rolling stock (2) or of the working roll (9). The spray device (7) and the suction removal device (10) are attached onto a common component frame (12) and therefore form a compact unit (14.1; 14.2).

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a metal strip coil for blades includes performing, on a steel band after a finishing cold rolling, a slit process that divides the steel band into a plurality of metal strips via joint operation of circular upper and lower blade cutters, and winding the metal strip into a coil shape after the slit process. In the slit process, a clearance of the upper and lower cutters is set within 5-25% of a metal strip thickness; an overlap amount of the upper and lower cutters is set within 5-80% of the metal strip thickness; and a clearance variation during the slit process is 30% or lower of the clearance. After the slit process, the metal strip is wound into a coil shape so that sag formed on an edge of the metal strip is positioned toward an axis center of a reel winding up the metal strip.

Abstract: A system and method for bending a bone fixation plate in the horizontal plane of the plate. The apparatus and method provide for optimization of applied bending moments by controlling the orientation of a bending tool to prevent deviation from an axis of bending. The system includes a bending bar or bars with an aperture or slot for engaging a plate or rod and a bending cage that can be in the shape of a rectangular box having a front surface separated from a rear surface by a distance. The front surface has a front elongate opening and the rear surface has a rear elongate opening. The front and rear openings are each formed by two parallel edges separated by a vertical distance and having a horizontal length.

Abstract: In a direct resistance heating method, a current is applied to a plate workpiece having a varying cross-sectional area to heat the workpiece such that a high-temperature heating region and a non-high-temperature heating region are provided side by side. The method includes a preparation step of arranging a pair of electrodes on the workpiece, and a heating step of moving a first electrode from one end of the high-temperature heating region while applying a current to the pair of electrodes, stopping the movement of the first electrode when the first electrode reaches the other end of the high-temperature heating region, and stopping the current from being applied to the pair of electrodes when a predetermined time elapses after stopping the first electrode. A press-molded product manufacturing method includes pressing the workpiece that has been heated by direct resistance heating method using a press die to perform hot press molding.

Abstract: In order to widen the field of application of a stretcher-leveller having a minimum nominal width, at least one gripping head of the stretcher-leveller is connected to an adapter having clamping elements for clamping a plate to be stretched, the adapter having a nominal width that is smaller than the minimum nominal width of the stretcher-leveller, and a plate being stretched is connected to the gripping head via the adapter clamping elements and the adapter, before starting the stretching process.

Abstract: A method of forming a part includes: inserting a blank into a die, the die comprising a mold mounted above a sealing counterpart; clamping the blank between the mold and the sealing counterpart; applying first pressure on the blank from the sealing counterpart so the blank is pressed upward to form a shaped part corresponding to the mold; applying a vacuum to the shaped part to hold it against the mold also after separating the mold and the sealing counterpart, the vacuum applied through at least one opening in the mold located in a corner of the mold that the blank does not reach when the first pressure is applied; and discontinuing the vacuum to allow the shaped part to be released from the mold.

Abstract: A blanking tool is provided for cutting blanks from a sheet of material. The sheet of material includes a product area where the blanks are located, and a web area, which is the area between the blanks. The blanking tool includes a shear having first and second opposing sides, an outer diameter, and an inner diameter. A plurality of contact surfaces are disposed on the second side of the shear. The contact surfaces engage only the web of the material. A tooling assembly is also disclosed, which includes first and second tooling coupled to first and second opposing portions, respectively, of a press and being structured to cooperate to engage the sheet of material therebetween. The blanking tool is coupled to the first tooling, and the shear of the blanking tool cooperates with a portion of the second tooling to cut the blanks from the material.

Abstract: A blanking die apparatus includes multiple machining stations having respective cutting tools operated simultaneously to perform predetermined blanking operations on a belt-shaped workpiece fed progressively in a longitudinal direction and finally to perform a contour blanking operation on the workpiece, thereby forming core pieces used for manufacturing a laminated iron core, and an auxiliary cutting tool that forms a disposal hole by partly blanking a scrap forming area of the workpiece simultaneously with the operations of the cutting tools of the machining stations.

Abstract: A radial compression mechanism includes a constraining structure with a cut-out defined by a plurality of bearing surfaces. A plurality of die are carried by the constraining structure and arranged in a circular pattern about a central axis. Each die has a base side positioned in parallel juxtaposition to a corresponding bearing surface and each die is constrained to move reciprocally and linearly along the corresponding bearing surface. Working surfaces of the plurality of die cooperate to form a cavity that is movable between an open position and a closed position. A driving mechanism is coupled to at least one of the plurality of die to drive all of the die in unison between the open position and the closed position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a riveting tool for setting blind rivet nuts and/or blind rivet screws, comprising a drive piston which is able to be hydraulically adjusted from an initial position toward an end position and a drawing mandrel which is able to be brought releasably into operative connection with the drive piston and is able to be adjusted by the drive piston between a rivet receiving position and a setting position. In order to provide a riveting tool of the type mentioned in the introduction, uniform setting processes of rivets being able to be carried out thereby with a high degree of repeated accuracy, it is provided that the riveting tool for fixing the setting position of the drawing mandrel comprises a setting unit comprising a stroke limiting element which is able to be adjusted in the longitudinal axial direction of the drive piston and which is able to be brought into engagement with the drive piston.

Abstract: A mold assembly system includes a mold assembly that defines an infiltration chamber used for forming an infiltrated metal-matrix composite (MMC) tool, and at least one boundary form positioned within the infiltration chamber and segregating the infiltration chamber into at least a first zone and a second zone. Reinforcement materials are deposited within the infiltration chamber and include a first composition loaded into the first zone and a second composition loaded into the second zone. At least one binder material infiltrates the first and second compositions, wherein infiltration of the first and second compositions results in differing mechanical, chemical, physical, thermal, atomic, magnetic, or electrical properties between the first and second zones in the infiltrated MMC tool.

Abstract: A side dam for a continuous twin roll caster with a body of refractory material shaped to form a side dam and having edge portions adapted to engage end portions of casting rolls of a twin roll caster and having a nip portion adapted to be adjacent a nip between the casting rolls and having upper portions extending across the side dam to form a lateral restraint for a casting pool of molten metal during operation in the twin roll caster; and a pocket between 5 and 50 mm in depth formed in the body between the edge portions and forming shoulder portions in the body between the edge portions and the pocket adapted to be worn as a casting campaign continues until the pocket is reached and continuing to be worn away at level of base portions of the pocket until casting is completed.

Abstract: A mold flux is used in continuous casting of Ti-containing hypo-peritectic steel so as to prevent longitudinal cracks from forming on a surface of a slab. The mold flux contains CaO, SiO2, an alkali metal oxide and a fluorine compound as major components. f(1), f(2) and f(3), which are calculated from the initial chemical composition, are (1.1?0.5×T) to (1.9?0.5×T), 0.05 to 0.40 and 0 to 0.40, respectively, if the Ti content of the molten steel (mass %) is T. The TiO2 content in the melting state during the casting is no more than 20 mass % and the ratio of the first peak height of perovskite to the first peak height of cuspidine in the mold flux film is no more than 1.0.

Abstract: In the present invention the torch movement period is 20-40 seconds, with the torch movement period being the time required to move plasma torches (which heat the surface of molten metal in the casting mold) one time. The average heat input amount at multiple sites, which are obtained by dividing the initial solidification portion (which is where the molten metal makes contact with the casting mold and first solidifies) into multiple sites in the circumferential direction of the casting mold, is 1.0-2.0 MW/m2. The molten metal advection time, which is the time required for electromagnetically stirred molten metal to travel the length of the torch heating region of the surface of the molten metal in the lengthwise direction of the casting mold, is 3.5 seconds or less.

Abstract: An investment-diecasting mold has a thin inner investment casting ceramic layer surrounded by a thicker outer metallic diecasting material. The two layers, inner ceramic and outer metallic, provide a hybrid mold for the fabrication of near-to-net or near net shape amorphous alloy composed parts. The inner ceramic layer being appropriate for thermoconductivity and the casting of intricately designed parts, and the outer metallic diecasting mold for support of the inner investment casting layer and as a heat sink for quench of the molten amorphous alloys during use.

Abstract: A die casting die includes a shoe comprised of a first material and includes a pocket. An insert is arranged in the pocket. The insert is comprised of a second material that is different from the first material and the insert provides a contoured surface. A coating is on the contoured surface. The coating provides a cast part contour.

Abstract: A method for forming a product having cast-in components provides an insulating barrier of solidified sand formed next to the insider diameter of the cast-in component. The center of the solidified sand is hollow. Before pouring the molten metal into the primary runner/riser system that feeds the portion of the mold that will create the actual part, the molten material is poured into the hollow portion of the solidified sand through a separate runner/riser system. This molten metal provides the energy necessary to heat the cast-in part to an acceptable temperature. The temperature can be controlled by the shape, thickness and material of the insulating member. This controlled time/temperature profile enables the creation of a final cast product that demonstrates good quality properties at the cast/insert interface. The method of the disclosed inventive concept has the added benefit of not altering the resulting part itself.

Abstract: Methods for producing a rotationally symmetrical, hollow metallic workpiece may involve rotating a casting mould about a rotation axis and introducing a melt into the casting mould. The melt may be thrown towards an inner contour of the casting mould by centrifugal forces, and hollow bodies may be added to the melt. Furthermore, a device for producing a rotationally symmetrical, hollow metallic workpiece may include a casting mould that is rotatable about a rotation axis, a feeder device for introducing a melt into the casting mould such that the melt is thrown towards an inner contour of the casting mould by the effect of a centrifugal force, and a metering device for adding hollow bodies to the melt.

Abstract: A method of forming an airfoil (12), including: abutting end faces (72) of cantilevered film hole protrusions (64) extending from a ceramic core (50) against an inner surface (80) of a wax die (68) to hold the ceramic core in a fixed positional relationship with the wax die; casting an airfoil including a superalloy around the ceramic core; and machining film cooling holes (34) in the airfoil after the casting step to form an pattern of film cooling holes comprising the film cooling holes formed by the machining step and the cast film cooling holes (102) formed by the film hole protrusions during the casting step.

Abstract: A casting mold apparatus includes a unitary ceramic core including: an outer skin defining an outer surface; and an internal support structure disposed inside the outer skin, the internal support structure defining a plurality of voids configured to admit fluid to the core.

Abstract: In molten metal jetting, where droplets of metal are jetted to 3D print a part, each layer may be traversed each successive layer with a normalizing grinding wheel or other leveling device such as a layer to level each successive layer, and/or the melt reservoir or printing chamber may be filled with an anoxic gas mix to prevent oxidation.

Abstract: In a fine silver particle dispersing solution wherein 30 to 75% by weight of fine silver particles, which are coated with an organic acid having a carbon number of 5 to 8 or a derivative thereof and which have an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, are dispersed in a water-based dispersion medium which is a solvent containing water as a main component, the fine silver particle dispersing solution containing ammonia and nitric acid, there is added 0.15 to 0.6% by weight of a surface regulating agent, which preferably contains a polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or a polyether, or 0.005 to 0.6% by weight of an antifoaming agent which is preferably a silicone antifoaming agent.

Abstract: A method of process control for an additive manufacturing system includes monitoring a spark plume created during manufacturing of an article, capturing at least one image of the spark plume, deriving image data from the at least one image, feeding the image data into a statistical process control module, and generating an alert if the image data exceeds pre-determined control limits

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a three-dimensional work piece, the apparatus comprises a process chamber accommodating a carrier for receiving a raw material powder, an irradiation device for selectively irradiating electromagnetic or particle radiation onto the raw material powder on the carrier in order to produce a work piece made of said raw material powder by an additive layer construction method, a first gas inlet for supplying gas to the process chamber and a gas outlet for discharging gas from the process chamber, wherein the first gas inlet and the gas outlet are configured and arranged in such a manner that a first gas flow across the carrier is generated, a transmission element which allows the transmission of the electromagnetic or particle radiation emitted by the irradiation device into the process chamber, and a second gas inlet for supplying gas to the process chamber, wherein the second gas inlet is configured and arranged in such a manner that a second gas flow in a direction facing away from th

Abstract: A moulding tool for powder injection moulding a cemented carbide or cermet component includes a through hole. The mouulding tool further includes at least a first and a second tool part arranged to define at least one mould cavity for forming a component. At least one inlet channel introduces moulding material into the mould cavity. The inlet channel extends through the first tool part to the mould cavity, and has an outlet end having an outlet opening for discharging moulding material from the inlet channel into the mould cavity. At least one core forms a through hole in the component, the core having an end and being arranged to extend into the mould cavity along a longitudinal axis (X) in a direction towards the outlet opening of the inlet channel. The end of the core is arranged to close the outlet opening of the inlet channel and the core is arranged movably along the longitudinal axis (X) such that the end of the core may engage with the outlet opening of the inlet channel.

Abstract: The continuous cutting apparatus includes a guide rail (5), an extruder (3) for extruding and moving forward a series of sintered magnet blocks (1) on the guide rail (5), a holder plate (6) for holding the magnet blocks in place, and a plurality of OD blades (2) for cutoff machining the magnet blocks into magnet pieces. The cutting apparatus is capable of continuously cutoff machining magnet blocks each into a multiplicity of magnet pieces of desired shape and/or size, achieving a significant increase in productivity and ensuring efficient production of magnet pieces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a press for producing dimensionally stable preforms from material that is substantially in the form of a powder, in particular iron powder and or ceramic powder, with a tool comprising an upper die and a lower die, wherein the upper die and the lower die respectively comprise at least one die, wherein a first die and a second die are arranged together, one sliding in the other, as the upper die or lower die and respectively have a first end and a second end, lying opposite the first end, wherein at least one of the two dies spreads out along one portion to such an extent that the second end thereof has a width that at least approaches an outer diameter of a die holder associated with the second end. This allows presses of a compact form to be made available for producing dimensionally stable preforms of high quality and great complexity.

Abstract: There are provided techniques for direct printing material into parts made by additive manufacturing, such as parts made by laser sintering. The direct printed material may be a metal, elastomer, ceramic, or any other material. Further, the direct printed material is typically different than the laser sintering material. Other aspects of the invention include using direct printed materials in the laser sintered parts to improve part strength, provide multi-materials, selectively provide electrical conductivity, and/or provide other desirable features to the parts.

Abstract: Photoluminescent gold nanoparticles and the manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The method for manufacturing photoluminescent gold nanoparticles includes the steps of: preparing a solution containing chloroauric acid and alkanethiolate, wherein the alkanethiolate-to-Au molar ratio is at least 1; and irradiating the solution with ionizing radiation to form gold nanoparticles, wherein the surfaces of the gold nanoparticles are coated with the alkanethiolate to form thiolate-coated gold nanoparticles with gold cores.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool of the invention is a surface-coated cutting tool in which a surface of a tool body is coated with a lower layer and an upper layer, in which at least one layer of the lower layer is made of a TiCN layer, the upper layer has an average layer thickness of 2 to 15 ?m and is made of an Al2O3 layer having an ?-type crystal structure in a chemically deposited state, and in a coincidence grain boundary distribution graph, a highest peak is present in ?3 in the range of ?3 to ?29, a distribution ratio of ?3 occupies 35 to 70% of the whole coincidence grain boundary length of ?3 or more, and a coincidence grain boundary of ?31 or more occupies 25 to 60% of the whole coincidence grain boundary length of ?3 or more.

Abstract: A gripping mechanism includes: a plurality of chuck claws that, when having come close to each other, generate a gripping force on a gripped body; a chuck body that holds the plurality of chuck claws on a common planar surface, and moves them on the planar surface; and a plurality of chuck plates that, when each of the plurality of chuck claws grips the gripped body, are interposed between each of the plurality of chuck claws and the gripped body, wherein a thermal expansion coefficient ?l of the plurality of chuck claws, a thermal expansion coefficient ?2 of the plurality of chuck plates and a thermal expansion coefficient ?W of the gripped body has a relationship indicated by Equation 1: ?W<?1<?2 ??(Equation 1)

Abstract: A rail shoe assembly for mounting a drilling machine to a rail of a railway track, with the drilling machine including a drill, a cutter, and a support frame with the support frame mounted to the rail, includes a base adapted to be positioned with respect to the rail and adapted to be coupled to the support frame. The rail shoe assembly also includes an adjustable bar coupled to and slideable relative to the base. The adjustable bar has a bottom edge for engagement with the rail. The adjustable bar defines a plurality of position indicators and the base defines a plurality of mounting chambers. At least one of the plurality of position indicators and at least one of the plurality of mounting chambers are alignable at a predetermined position for positioning said base relative to the rail such that the drill and cutter are positioned relative to the rail.

Abstract: A pocket hole jig utilizes a pair of adjustable drill guides attached at the front of a movable carriage to enable self-adjustment in pocket hole placement over a range of workpiece thicknesses. The carriage is slidably received on an angled base member and may be moved toward or away from a vertical base member used to support wooden workpieces. A locking mechanism retains the carriage in its adjusted position. The pair of drill guides are adjustably positioned towards or away from one another and relative to the pocket hole jig axis of symmetry, locating the pair of pocket hole drilling locations.