Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a filter for a portable industrial air filtration device. The filter generally includes a body and a limit switch actuator attached to the body. The body includes filter media and a rigidized material. The filter media is attached to the rigidized material, and the body has opposing upper and lower edges. The limit switch actuator includes a head and an actuator connected to and extending from the head. The limit switch actuator is attached to the body such the actuator extends below the lower edge of the body and is configured to actuate a limit switch actuator of an air filtration device when the filter is installed in the air filtration device.

Abstract: A filter medium has at least a first filter layer as a substrate layer and a second filter layer as a cover layer, wherein the cover layer is arranged at an inflow side relative to the substrate layer. The substrate layer contains a proportion of cellulose fibers of at least 60% relative to a total fiber contents of the substrate layer. The cover layer contains a proportion of polymeric synthetic fibers and/or mineral fibers of at least 20% relative to a total fiber contents of the cover layer. The substrate layer has a maximum thickness of 0.28 mm. The filter medium has a total air permeability according to ISO 9237 that amounts to more than 45 l/m3. The fibers of the cover layer have a packing density of 0.08 to 0.16 and the fibers of the substrate layer have a greater packing density than the fibers of the cover layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are an inlet distributor device and its use in a separation vessel for separating liquid and gas. The separation vessel also includes a mist elimination device for removing vapor droplets. The inlet distributor device includes a distributor body of a rigid material having a partially enclosed three-dimensional shape, a distributor inlet adapted to be fitted to the vessel inlet such that the distributor body is positioned internally within the vessel, and a mesh material within the volume of the distributor body. Also disclosed is a method for designing the inlet distributor device. A mesh file representing the separation vessel, the mist elimination device and the inlet distributor device is generated using estimated design parameters of the separation vessel and estimated coordinates defining the distributor body.

Abstract: A filter assembly having at least two filter caps produced from a planar composite sheet of heat liquefied adhesive and metal layer (typically sheet metal). The filter caps are adhered to a porous, typically pleated, filter media positioned, which is generally an air filter, within channels of each filter cap wherein the adhesive, typically a plastisol, adheres the filter caps to the filter media and can impregnate the filter media.

Abstract: Systems and methods for customizing a removable filter in an air purifier. The removable filter may comprise multiple filter types, and the combination and characteristics of the filter types can be varied based on air-quality requirements. In some instances, the composition of a new filter can be determined based on data obtained from analysis of used filters. Additionally, filters can be personalized based on an individual user's health data, geographic location, and regional and local air-quality characteristics.

Abstract: Systems and Apparatus for a personal ventilation system that provides a personalized column of clean air surrounding a user's space is presented. The personal ventilation system includes an air purifier with a fan and an annular gap downstream of the fan. The annular gap has an inner radius that is within 95% of the outer radius. The annular gap structure allows the air purifier to produce a column of air with an entrainment ratio lower than other commercially available fan. At a distance of 1.5 meters, the air purifier is configured to have an entrainment ratio of lower than 40%. The air purifier also has a removable filter located upstream of the fan. The ventilation system is capable of delivering highly-localized filtered air to a user or location.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recovering methane from a gas stream comprising methane and ethylene, comprising a sorption step which comprises contacting the gas stream comprising methane and ethylene with a sorption agent which has a lower affinity for methane than for ethylene, resulting in sorption of ethylene and 0 to 90% of the methane by the sorption agent and in a gas stream comprising methane in an amount of 10 to 100% based on the amount of methane in the gas stream that is subjected to the sorption step; and a desorption step which comprises desorbing sorbed ethylene and optionally sorbed methane resulting in a gas stream comprising ethylene and optionally methane.

Abstract: An adsorbent media composition, adsorbent apparatus, and gas purification process using the absorbent media composition are provided for the removal of dimethyl disulfide from a gas containing at least dimethyl disulfide as an impurity. The adsorbent media composition includes a combination of a support material and a removal material capable of removing dimethyl disulfide from the gas. In particular, the support material is used in combination with an iron material as a removal material, wherein the iron material provides for enhanced and efficient removal of dimethyl disulfide from a gas.

Abstract: In various aspects, apparatuses, systems, and methods are provided for performing two stage separation of CO2 from a gaseous stream. The first stage adsorbent can be comprised of a plurality of cylindrical or substantially cylindrical rings. The first stage adsorbent can be comprised of a metal organic framework. The second stage adsorbent can be subject to a displacement desorption process. The second stage adsorbent can be comprised of a support and a metal compound selected from the group consisting of alkali or alkaline earth. The first and second stage adsorbent can be arranged concentrically for space and efficiency considerations.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for performing a swing adsorption process, such as a temperature swing adsorption process. During portions of a swing cycle where one or more components are being desorbed, a vibration or other perturbation can be induced in the adsorbent and/or in the adsorbent structure to assist with desorption. Inducing a vibration or other perturbation in the adsorbent structure can provide a way to introduce additional energy into the adsorbent system without having to increase the temperature of the adsorbent structure.

Abstract: In a cyclic adsorptive gas purification process, an impurity laden adsorbent is regenerated by exposing it first to an unheated gas for a pre-determined time period to desorb at least some of the impurity, followed by heating the adsorbent using a flowing stream of a heated gas to desorb the remaining impurities over another pre-determined time period, further followed by cooling of the adsorbent using a flowing stream of gas for yet another pre-determined time period to make it ready for repeating the adsorptive cycle. Introducing an unheated purge stream reduces the energy requirements for the regeneration step compared to a traditional TSA process.

Abstract: A heat transfer fluid can be used as part of a multi-phase adsorption environment to allow for improved separations of gas components using a solid adsorbent. The heat transfer fluid can reduce or minimize the temperature increase of the solid adsorbent that occurs during an adsorption cycle. Reducing or minimizing such a temperature increase can enhance the working capacity for an adsorbent and/or enable the use of adsorbents that are not practical for commercial scale adsorption using conventional adsorption methods. The multi-phase adsorption environment can correspond to a trickle bed environment, a slurry environment, or another convenient environment where at least a partial liquid phase of a heat transfer fluid is present during gas adsorption by a solid adsorbent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tail gas treatment device and a tail gas treatment method. The tail gas treatment device comprises: a gas inlet; a gas circulation passage connected with the gas inlet; a first water orifice used for spraying water to the tail gas in the gas circulation passage; a waste water pool used for accommodating waste water generated from treating the tail gas; a gas outlet; a water quality detection unit used for detecting water quality of waste water in the waste water pool; a drainage port used for draining waste water in the waste water pool; and a water return port connected with the first water orifice via a water return pipeline, and used for delivering water in the waste water pool to the first water orifice when the water quality of the water in the waste water pool meets a recycling requirement.

Abstract: Provided is an acidic gas-containing gas treatment separation membrane in which an intermediate layer provided on a support member is optimized, and which can treat and separate a gas mixture containing acidic gas and methane gas and/or nitrogen gas into the gas components, and thereby efficiently obtain acidic gas or methane gas and/or nitrogen gas. The acidic gas-containing gas treatment separation membrane includes an inorganic porous support member, an intermediate layer containing a polysiloxane network structure material and formed on a surface of the inorganic porous support member, and a separation layer containing a hydrocarbon group-containing polysiloxane network structure material and formed on the intermediate layer.

Abstract: An improved process and for removing NOx from exhaust gases produced by combustion-based energy sources. Catalyst-free exhaust gas is directed into one or more ducts. The gas is cooled and then passes through the duct, wherein the gas flow rate and the electron beam pulse rate are configured to cause each successive volume of gas that flows past the window to be subjected to only a single electron beam pulse in the reaction chamber. A single short, intense electron beam is fired into the exhaust through a window in the reaction chamber as the exhaust flows past the window, with some of the electrons being reflected back into the gas by a reflective plate situated opposite the window. The deposited electron energy causes NOx from the exhaust to be converted into N2 and O2 which are output into the atmosphere with the thus-scrubbed exhaust.

Abstract: A dry scrubbing system and process wherein an acid gas comprising at least one pollutant is modified in a humid zone of a duct such that a relative humidity of between 2% and 90% is achieved. The humidified gas is then contacted with chalked lime in a reaction zone. The reaction zone components are subsequently filtered in a filtering zone to provide a filtered gas having reduced concentration of the at least one pollutant when compared to the initial acid gas.

Abstract: A method for digestion and gasification of graphite for removal from an underlying surface is described. The method can be utilized to remove graphite remnants of a formation process from the formed metal piece in a cleaning process. The method can be particularly beneficial in cleaning castings formed with graphite molding materials. The method can utilize vaporous nitric acid (HNO3) or vaporous HNO3 with air/oxygen to digest the graphite at conditions that can avoid damage to the underlying surface.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a compression ignition engine comprising an oxidation catalyst for treating carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HCs) in exhaust gas from the compression ignition engine, wherein the oxidation catalyst comprises: a platinum group metal (PGM) component selected from the group consisting of a platinum (Pt) component, a palladium (Pd) component and a combination thereof; an alkaline earth metal component; a support material comprising a modified alumina incorporating a heteroatom component; and a substrate, wherein the platinum group metal (PGM) component, the alkaline earth metal component and the support material are disposed on the substrate.

Abstract: A catalytic filter is provided having a mixture of an SCR catalyst and soot oxidation catalyst where the soot oxidation catalyst is a copper doped ceria, iron doped ceria or manganese doped ceria. The mixture of an SCR catalyst and soot oxidation catalyst provides for a lowering of the peak oxidation temperature for soot removal from the filter. The use of the filter allows for improved soot combustion and reduces the susceptibility of an SCR catalyst contained on a filter to deterioration. The soot oxidation catalyst also improves the resistance of the SCR catalyst to poisoning and subsequent deterioration of SCR performance.

Abstract: A system for uniform flow distribution of a reductant is disclosed. The system includes an injector lance and a diffuser assembly. The injector lance further includes a reductant supply conduit and an injector lance. The reductant supply conduit extends into an internal diameter of an exhaust conduit from a first end of the exhaust conduit towards a second end of the exhaust conduit. The injector lance is in communication with and extends perpendicular to the reductant supply conduit. The injector lance is located along a longitudinal axis of the exhaust conduit. The diffuser assembly is further collocated or integral with the injector lance.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas pathway configured to receive exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, an ammonia source, and a first ammonia injector in fluid communication with the ammonia source. The first ammonia injector is configured to inject ammonia into the exhaust gas pathway at a first rate. The exhaust gas treatment system also includes a first treatment element positioned downstream of the first ammonia injector and a second ammonia injector in fluid communication with the ammonia source and positioned downstream of the first treatment element. The second ammonia injector is configured to inject ammonia into the exhaust gas pathway at a second rate different from the first rate. The exhaust gas treatment system further includes a second treatment element positioned downstream of the second ammonia injector.

Abstract: A method for CO2 capture may include operating a packed reactor comprising a reaction chamber containing packing including immobilized enzymes, by contacting a CO2 containing gas with a liquid solution in the reaction chamber to produce an ion-loaded solution and a CO2 depleted gas by an enzymatically catalyzed hydration reaction; monitoring enzyme activity of the immobilized enzymes; at a low enzyme activity threshold (i) stopping operation in the packed reactor, and (ii) replenishing the enzymatic activity by providing an enzyme replenishing solution into the packed reactor to contact the packing and provide a replenishing amount of the immobilized enzymes; and recommencing operation in the packed reactor for CO2 capture using the replenished immobilized enzymes. A corresponding system may include a packed reactor and an in situ enzyme supply device for supplying active enzyme within the reactor. The enzyme supply device may include spray nozzles with various configurations.

Abstract: Many hand-held diagnostics are limited in their functionality due to the challenging physics associated with small dimensional systems. An example of this is capillary forces in hydrophilic systems, such as the tight retention of liquid passing through a small pore filtration membrane, or capillary force driven microfluidics where, to keep liquid flowing the dimensions of the system become so small that the flow rates are too low to be useful, or the manufacturing of such devices becomes uneconomical. This disclosure details methods to ‘reset’ the capillary force condition to avoid the requirement of transient pressure spikes associated with the breakthrough pressure of small pore membranes, and avoid the necessity of extremely small microfluidic channels, which can be useful in applications such as filtration of whole blood to plasma using only suction pressure or passive capillary pressure.

Abstract: A membrane filter for filtering a liquid to be filtered, having a downwardly open base element through which flow can pass and which has a tubular shell and precisely one membrane carrier arranged therein, wherein the membrane carrier is connected to the shell by way of at least one anchoring point, having hollow fiber-type membranes fastened at the top in the membrane carrier, having a circumferentially closed pipe which, adjoining the top of the shell of the base element, surrounds the hollow fiber-type membranes, having a gas inlet into the base element, having at least one permeate collecting chamber, having at least one permeate outlet, and having at least one downwardly open flow chamber between the shell and the membrane carrier, which flow chamber has an outlet at the top, wherein the at least one flow chamber, in every horizontal section, adjoins both the shell and the membrane carrier.

Abstract: Composite nanostructures having a crumpled graphene oxide shell and a nanoparticle selected from titanium dioxide, silver and magnetite within the shell are disclosed. The nanostructures may be incorporated into a filtration membrane suitable for purifying water for targeted separations and for human consumption.

Abstract: A polymer composition containing a polymer (B) obtained by polymerizing a monomer composition containing: a methacrylic acid ester macromonomer (b1) represented by the following formula (1); and another monomer (b2). Also, a porous membrane formed from a membrane forming polymer (A) and the aforementioned polymer composition.

Abstract: A method for controlling the saturation level of gas in a liquid discharge includes obtaining temperature and pressure measurements of a solvent in a mixing vessel and obtaining a pressure measurement of a source feedstock in a feedstock tank, correlating the temperature and pressure measurements of the solvent to baseline data to generate a theoretical uptake rate for the source feedstock into the solvent and a theoretical flow rate of the source feedstock into the mixing vessel, and determining a required opening setting for a feedstock valve in the feedstock input line in order to achieve a desired liquid displacement in the mixing vessel. The method includes determining an uptake duration and achieving an uptake displacement equivalent to the reverse of the desired liquid displacement. The method includes generating a valve operating control law for how the feedstock valve should function in a cycle.

Abstract: A fine bubble-containing liquid generating apparatus includes a generator including a mixing nozzle for leading in gas and pressurized liquid and a fine-bubble generating nozzle for discharging liquid that contains fine bubbles of the led-in gas, a circulation passage for returning liquid discharged from the fine-bubble generating nozzle to the mixing nozzle in a state in which the liquid is isolated from outside air, an extraction part for extracting, as a fine-bubble containing liquid, part of liquid circulating through the generator and the circulation passage, and a replenisher for replenishing the circulation passage with liquid to maintain the amount of liquid circulating through the generator and the circulation passage. With this configuration, it is possible to continuously generate a fine-bubble containing liquid that contains a high density of fine bubbles.

Abstract: The invention relates to foam production equipment comprising:—a first module (A) comprising a principal outlet and delivering at said principal outlet a mixture comprising a principal liquid and at least one surfactant,—a second module (B) coupled to the principal outlet of the first module (A) and producing a foam which comprises at least the principal liquid, the at least one surfactant and at least one principal active product, from the mixture delivered by the principal outlet of the first module (A), the mixture comprising the at least one principal active product or the second module (B) comprising, in addition, means configured such that the foam produced by the second module (B) comprises the at least one principal active product, characterized in that said at least one principal active product is chosen from dyes, fluorescent products, chemical and/or biological labels, irritant products, gases, products which destroy the muscle and/or thinking capacities of a living being and radar reflectors.

Abstract: System and method for enabling accurate spoilage monitoring of a liquid food product or the like from the moment it is created, until the time it is either consumed or needs to be discarded. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a container for the food product, or a device to be attached to a container, is equipped with a switch, thermometer, other environmental sensors, controller and alarm. The switch is activated automatically or manually at the moment when the liquid food product is created, and then the temperature and other environmental parameters of the food product are monitored during the subsequent course of time, all the while keeping track of the temperature history of the product throughout the period, until the controller calculates that the maximum safe period has expired; whereupon an alarm is activated to warn the user to discard the product.

Abstract: A discharge system includes a mixing vessel and a feedstock input in fluid communication with the mixing vessel. A solvent input is in fluid communication with the mixing vessel. A discharge output is in fluid communication with an outlet of the mixing vessel to discharge effluent. A method for generating turbulence on a liquid surface within a discharge system includes supplying a mixing vessel with feedstock fluid and solvent fluid to generate a liquid mixture and a gas pocket in the mixing vessel. The method includes supplying an impinging solvent fluid through a nozzle extending from a first end of the mixing vessel to generate a roiling surface at an interface between the gas pocket and the liquid mixture and permit uptake of gas from the gas pocket into the liquid mixture.

Abstract: Methods include providing an energized wave source integrated with a container, transmitting an energized wave from the energized wave source through a first material resident in the container, receiving by a detector a first reflected energized wave from an interfacial surface formed between a surface of the first material and a first surface of a second material, receiving by the detector a second reflected energized wave from a second surface of the second material, analyzing the first reflected energized wave and the second reflected wave to identify the first material and the second material, and determining the degree of separation of the first material and the second material. The methods may further include mixing the first material and the second material to form a homogeneous mixture, and discharging the homogeneous mixture into subterranean treatment fluid preparation process equipment.

Abstract: A device and method manually opens glass ampules within the device, wherein the device comprises at least a holder with side walls closed at least in sections as a holder of glass ampules, wherein the holder comprises at least one deformable closed side wall and, opposite the deformable side wall, a supporting element is provided. The device further comprises at least a strainer/filter which is arranged below the holder so that the content of the opened glass ampule flows therethrough, a first lever which is pivoted around a first axis in such a manner that it can rotate against the holder, wherein a free end of the first lever can be pressed against the deformable side wall of the holder, a second lever which is pivoted around a second axis in such a manner that it can be rotated against the holder.

Abstract: A fluidized fuel gas combustor system for a catalytic dehydrogenation process comprising a vessel having a lower portion and an upper portion; a plurality of air injection diffusers located in the lower portion of the vessel; a plurality of fuel gas injection diffusers located on fuel gas distributors disposed in the vessel and spaced apart from and above a plurality of air injection diffusers, wherein the fuel gas diffusers are placed in a manner to maximize even mass distribution of a fuel gas injected through the fuel gas diffusers in the vessel, wherein each fuel distributor comprises a tube having a plurality of fuel gas injection diffusers, one or more optional grid assemblies disposed in the vessel spaced apart from and above the plurality of air injection diffusers and paced apart from and below the fuel gas distributors to maximize even air mass distribution; and one or more grid assemblies disposed in the vessel spaced above the fuel gas distributors is provided.

Abstract: A catalyst regenerator for combusting carbonaceous deposits from a catalyst comprising a first chamber which comprises a catalyst inlet for feeding spent catalyst with carbonaceous deposits to said first chamber, a supplemental fuel gas distributor, and a distributor for an oxygen containing gas for distributing oxygen containing gas into said first chamber to contact said spent catalyst and combust carbonaceous deposits and supplemental fuel which further deactivates the spent catalyst and generates flue gas; a riser section extending from said first chamber for transporting the spent catalyst and the flue gas, the riser section comprising an outer wall, at least one slot in the outer wall, and a riser termination device which comprises a substantially internally flat cover plate, at least one arm extending from the cover plate, wherein the arm extends about the slot from the outer wall, the arm comprising an outer shell that encloses the arm and wherein no internal portion of the cover plate extends above a

Abstract: A method for producing nanocomposite particles is provided. The method comprises supplying an organic phase fluid an organic phase fluid, an aqueous phase fluid, an amphiphile, and a plurality of hydrophobic nanospecies to a nozzle. An electric field is generated proximate the nozzle such that the fluid exiting the nozzle forms a cone jet that disperses into a plurality of droplets. The plurality of droplets are collected, and nanocomposite particles comprising a self-assembled structure encapsulating at least one hydrophobic nanospecies form by self-assembly.

Abstract: A system and method for acid gas separations using porous frameworks of metal atoms coordinatively bound to polytopic linkers that are functionalized with basic nitrogen ligands that expose nitrogen atoms to the pore volumes forming adsorption sites. Adjacent basic nitrogen ligands on the metal-organic framework can form an ammonium from one ligand and a carbamate from the other. The formation of one ammonium carbamate pair influences the formation of ammonium carbamate on adjacent adsorption sites. Adsorption of acid gas at the adsorption sites form covalently linked aggregates of more than one ammonium carbamate ion pair. The acid gas adsorption isotherm can be tuned to match the step position with the partial pressure of acid gas in the gas mixture stream through manipulation of the metal-ligand bond strength by selection of the ligand, metal and polytopic linker materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions containing stabilized and/or activated urease inhibitors, as well as methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for recharging zirconium phosphate in a reusable zirconium phosphate sorbent module. The devices, systems, and methods provide for customization of the zirconium phosphate effluent pH based on the needs of the user and system. The devices systems and methods also provide for calculation of the volumes of recharge solution needed for fully recharging the zirconium phosphate modules.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photocatalyst coated body which can realize a sufficient photocatalytic activity and adhesiveness with a substrate, without significantly impairing an appearance of a substrate, especially an exterior building material. The photocatalyst coated body has a structure including a substrate, an intermediate layer formed on the substrate, and a photocatalyst layer formed on the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer includes inorganic oxide particles having an average particle diameter of nanosize. The photocatalyst layer includes photocatalyst particles having an average particle diameter of more than 0 ?m to less than 10 ?m and inorganic oxide particles having an average particle diameter of nanosize. A sum of a film thickness of the intermediate layer and a film thickness of the photocatalyst layer is 0.3 ?m or more to 1.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: A new chromium-containing fluorination catalyst is described. The catalyst comprises an amount of zinc that promotes activity. The zinc is contained in aggregates which have a size across their largest dimension of up to 1 micron. The aggregates are distributed throughout at least the surface region of the catalyst and greater than 40 weight % of the aggregates contain a concentration of zinc that is within ±1 weight % of the modal concentration of zinc in those aggregates.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided. The catalyst includes a carrier and a metal. The carrier is represented by a formula: MxAl(1-x)O(3-x)/2, where M is an alkaline earth metal, and x is between 0.09 and 0.24. The metal is loaded on the carrier. A method for manufacturing the catalyst is also provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for ammonia decomposition catalysts are described. Systems and methods may include providing a first solution, where the first solution includes a first metal soluble salt of cobalt, nickel, iron, and a combination thereof; a second metal soluble salt of magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and a combination thereof; a third metal soluble salt of lanthanide elements, and a combination thereof; and a fourth metal soluble salt of aluminum, transition metals, alkali metals, and a combination thereof. The first metal oxide, the second metal oxide, the third metal oxide, and the fourth metal oxide may be co-precipitated from the first solution at a pH between approximately 6.0 and approximately 11.0 to form a hydrotalcite-like structured material. The co-precipitated material may be aged and dried. The aged, dried, co-precipitated material may be decomposed to form a final catalyst product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst defined in part by a conductive substrate; a film overlaying a surface of the substrate; and a plurality of metal clusters supported by the layer, wherein each cluster comprises between 8 and 11 atoms. Further provided is a catalyst defined in part by a conductive substrate; a layer overlaying a surface of the substrate; and a plurality of metal clusters supported by the layer, wherein each cluster comprises at least two metals.

Abstract: Molybdenum sulphide containing catalysts are provided which have been produced using a microemulsion approach. The catalysts thereby produced have a unique morphology which directly translates into improved performance in the conversion of syngas to alcohol and in the selectivity of this reaction towards producing ethanol.

Abstract: The invention relates to catalysts and their use in processes for dehydrocyclization of light paraffinic hydrocarbon feedstock to higher-value hydrocarbon, such as aromatic hydrocarbon, to dehydrocyclization catalysts useful in such processes, and to the methods of making such catalysts. One of more of the dehydrocyclization catalysts comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a constraint index of less than or equal to about 12, at least one Group 3 to Group 13 metal of the IUPAC Periodic Table and phosphorous.

Abstract: A catalytic article for treating an exhaust gas stream containing one or more of NOx, hydrocarbons, CO, SOx and ammonia from a combustion turbine comprises (a) a substrate having an inlet end and an outlet end defining an axial length; (b) an oxidation layer comprising an oxidation catalyst comprising one or more noble metals, the oxidation layer being positioned on the substrate and covering the axial length of the substrate; and (c) an SCR layer comprising an SCR catalyst, the SCR layer being positioned on the oxidation layer and overlapping a portion of the oxidation layer, wherein the portion is less than 100%.

Abstract: This invention pertains to hydroformylation catalysts containing a mixture of isomeric forms of halo-phosphorus ligands. This invention also describes a procedure for preparing isomers of certain halophosphite ligands, which contain the phosphorus atom in a macrocyclic ring.

Abstract: A system for activating Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising a reactor having a reactor outlet for overhead gas and operable under suitable conditions whereby a catalyst in a volume of liquid carrier comprising Fischer-Tropsch diesel, hydrocracking recycle oil, or a combination thereof may be activated in the presence of an activation gas; a condenser comprising an inlet fluidly connected to the reactor outlet for overhead gas and comprising a condenser outlet for condensed liquids; and a separation unit comprising an inlet fluidly connected to the condenser outlet and a separator outlet for a stream comprising primarily Fischer-Tropsch diesel; and a recycle line fluidly connecting the separator outlet, a hydrocracking unit, or both to the reactor, whereby Fischer-Tropsch diesel recovered from the reactor overhead gas, hydrocracking recycle oil, or a combination thereof may serve as liquid carrier for catalyst in the reactor. A method for activating Fischer-Tropsch catalyst is also provided.

Abstract: A process for the production of olefins from paraffins is presented. The process converts a paraffin stream through an oxy-dehydrogenation to process stream having olefins. The process includes a continuous catalyst regeneration system, where the catalyst cycles through the reactor and a regenerator. The process includes a treatment step for conditioning the catalyst to remove chloride on the catalyst after regeneration.