Abstract: The invention relates to the use of EntD polypeptides, polynucleotides encoding the same, and homologues thereof to enhance the production of fatty aldehydes and fatty alcohols in a host cell.

Abstract: The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having a muconate pathway having at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding a muconate pathway enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to produce muconate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing itaconic acid. Further the present invention relates to nucleic acids encoding an aconitate-delta-isomerase (ADI) and trans-aconitate decarboxylase (TAD) and uses of such nucleic acids. Provided is additionally a recombinant host cell engineered to overexpress nucleic acids of the present invention. Furthermore an expression cassette and a vector are provided which include the respective nucleic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed are transformed cells and related nucleotide and protein sequences, and fermentation compositions and methods, all of which are related to providing selective advantage in fermentation. For example, a selective advantage results from transformation of a cell with a nucleic acid that allows a transformed cell to metabolize one or more nitrogen-, phosphorous-, and/or sulfur-containing compounds that a native cell of the same species as the transformed cell cannot metabolize, and from fermentation of the transformed cell using one or more feedstocks, such as fractioned grain, which are depleted in or free of conventional nitrogen-, phosphorous-, and/or sulfur-containing compounds that a native cell of the same species as the transformed cell can metabolize. Also disclosed are methods for improved oxygen transfer in an aerobic or microaerobic fermentation.

Abstract: Provided herein are cell-free systems for generating carbapenems, e.g., a compound of the Formula (I): or salts thereof; wherein , R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound generated by the inventive cell-free system, and use of these compounds and compositions for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to the production of xylosyl-xylitol oligomers, and more specifically to biological methods for producing xylosyl-xylitol oligomers in host cells.

Abstract: Methods for amplification of a target nucleic acid sequence comprising strand invasion are provided in which strand invasion occurs both at upstream and downstream regions of the target nucleic acid sequence. Further provided are kits and compositions suitable for use in such methods. The methods may comprise amplifying a target nucleic acid sequence comprising a region of unknown sequence, or determining the sequence of a target nucleic acid comprising a region of unknown sequence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing at least one rhamnolipid comprising: contacting a recombinant cell with a medium containing a carbon source; and culturing the cell under suitable conditions for preparation of the rhamnolipid from the carbon source by the cell, wherein the recombinant cell has been genetically modified such that, compared to the wild-type of the cell, the cell has an increased activity of at least one of the enzymes E1, E2 and E3, wherein the enzyme E1 is an ?/? hydrolase, the enzyme E2 is a rhamnosyltransferase I and the enzyme E3 is a rhamnosyl-transferase II, and wherein the carbon source is a C4 molecule.

Abstract: This invention provides compositions and methods for producing translational components that expand the number of genetically encoded amino acids in vertebrate cells. The components include orthogonal tRNA's, orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, orthogonal pairs of tRNA's/synthetases and unnatural amino acids. Proteins and methods of producing proteins with unnatural amino acids in vertebrate cells are also provided. The present invention provides vertebrate cells with translation components, e.g., pairs of orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (O-RSs) and orthogonal tRNA's (O-tRNA's) and individual components thereof, that are used in vertebrate protein biosynthetic machinery to incorporate an unnatural amino acid in a growing polypeptide chain, in a vertebrate cell.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a housing and an actuator. The housing, which defines a reagent volume that can receive a reagent container, can be removably coupled to a reaction chamber. A delivery portion of the housing defines a delivery path between the reagent volume and the reaction chamber when the housing is coupled to the reaction chamber. The delivery path includes a protrusion such that the delivery path has a discontinuous inner surface. The actuator can be moved to convey a reagent from the reagent container into the reaction chamber via the delivery path.

Abstract: Provided herein and methods and kits for identifying inhibitors of SUMOylation. The provided methods include contacting a candidate agent with (i) a SUMO-conjugating peptide comprising an N-terminal linker and a detectable tag, and (ii) a SUMO comprising a metal complex, under conditions that allow binding between the SUMO-conjugating peptide and the SUMO, and detecting the detectable tag thereby determining the level of binding between the SUMO-conjugating peptide and SUMO. A reduced level of binding as compared to the level of binding in the absence of the candidate agent indicating the agent inhibits SUMOylation.

Abstract: A method is provided for evaluating the suitability of a duodenal fluid sample collected from an animal as a sample for detecting pancreatic fluid-derived components. The method comprises: (a) mixing a duodenal fluid sample with a chymotrypsin-specific substrate and measuring an amount of degradation the chymotrypsin-specific substrate by of the duodenal fluid sample, (b) mixing the duodenal fluid sample with a pepsin-specific substrate and measuring an amount of degradation of the pepsin-specific substrate by the duodenal fluid sample, and (c) evaluating that the duodenal fluid sample is suitable as a sample for detecting pancreatic fluid-derived components if the amount of degradation of the chymotrypsin-specific substrate by the duodenal fluid sample is higher than a prescribed threshold value and the amount of degradation of the pepsin-specific substrate by the duodenal fluid sample is lower than a prescribed threshold value, as being suitable as a sample for detecting pancreatic fluid-derived components.

Abstract: The present invention discloses novel oligonucleotide primer sequences BC1, BC2 and BC3 for the identification of Bacillus coagulans. The invention also discloses a PCR based method for the identification of Bacillus coagulants using the aforesaid primers, wherein positive amplification with primer sets BC1, BC2 and negative amplification with primer set BC3 confirms the presence of Bacillus coagulans.

Abstract: The present invention provides labeled circular plasmid DNA molecules for studying DNA topology and topoisomerases. The molecules of the present invention also provide tools for high throughput drug screening for inhibitors of DNA gyrases and DNA topoisomerases for anticancer drug discovery and antibiotics discovery.

Abstract: Provided are devices adapted to isolate, amplify, and detect nucleic acids that may be present in a biological sample. The devices can, in some embodiments, isolate, amplify, and detect nucleic acid in a single chamber. In other embodiments, the devices are adapted to isolate and amplify nucleic acids in a reaction chamber, after which the nucleic acids may be communicated to a pervious medium—such as a lateral flow strip—where the user may label and detect the nucleic acids.

Abstract: A target sequence of polymer units is estimated from plural series of measurements taken from sequences of polymer units that comprise the target sequence or a complementary sequence. Each measurement is dependent on a k-mer (k polymer units). Models treat the measurements as observations of k-mer states, comprising transition weightings in respect of transitions between successive k-mer states and emission weightings for different measurements being observed. An estimated alignment mapping between the plural series of measurements is derived based on an application of the models to each series. An estimate of the target sequence of polymer units is generated by applying the models, treating the types of k-mer state of each model and the measurements as dimensions of a plural dimensional k-mer state and plural dimensional observations. Constraint of paths through the plural dimensional k-mer states using the derived alignment mapping greatly reduces the required processing.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for sequencing single-stranded DNA or RNA by employing a nanopore and modified nucleotides.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides microfluidic devices, systems and methods for sample preparation and/or analysis. A microfluidic device can include a first channel having a sequence of (n) chambers each having a first volume (v). The first channel can include one or more valves at opposing ends of the first channel that fluidically isolate the first channel. The microfluidic device can further include a second channel in fluid communication with the first channel. The second channel can include at least one second chamber having a total second volume that is at least equal to the total volume of the first channel (n*v). The second channel can include one or more valves at opposing ends of the second channel that fluidically isolate the second channel from the first channel.

Abstract: The invention is directed to modified oligonucleotide compositions and methods for selectively reducing unwanted nucleic acid contaminants and enriching for desired nucleic acid targets from complex genomic nucleic acid mixtures for sequencing applications. The modified oligonucleotide compositions include one or more modified groups that increase the Tm of the resultant oligonucleotide composition.

Abstract: This document features method related to variants in the Inverted Formin 2 (INF2) gene that are associated with susceptibility to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). For example, methods of using such variants for risk assessment and for diagnosing and optimizing treatment of FSGS are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of diagnosing a paroxysmal pain disorder, such as trigeminal neuralgia, in a human subject and also provides a method of identifying patients most likely to respond to therapy and to kits for use in said methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Specifically it relates to methods for the early detection, risk screening and monitoring of CRC and/or adenomatous polyps in a human subject based on the quantification of one or more 16S rDNA bacterial sequences in feces. It further relates to the use of said bacterial sequences as biomarkers of colorectal cancer and/or adenomatous polyps; to a kit comprising a reagent and instructions for the quantification of said bacterial sequences; and to nucleic acids for the quantification of said 16S rDNA bacterial sequences.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of testing whether a patient suffering from multiple myeloma will respond or not to a combination treatment consisting of at least one histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) with at least one DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) comprising: i) determining the expression level (ELi) of several genes G1-Gn selected from table A in a biological sample obtained from said patient ii) comparing the expression level (ELi) determined at step i) with a predetermined reference level (ELRi) iii) calculating the HADMS score trough the following formula (I) wherein ?i represent the regression ? coefficient reference value for the gene Gi and Ci=1 if the expression of the gene Gi (ELi) is higher than the predetermined reference level (ELRi) or Ci=?1 if the expression of the gene (ELi) is lower than or equal to the predetermined reference level (ELRi) iv) comparing the score HADMS determined at step iii) with a predetermined reference value HADMSR v) and concluding that the patie

Abstract: A method, comprising amplifying a nucleic acid sequence of interest in a sample comprising genomic DNA of a subject; amplifying a reference nucleic acid sequence in the sample; quantifying the amplified sequence of interest relative to the amplified reference sequence; and determining a copy number of the sequence of interest from the relative quantified amplified sequence of interest. The reference sequence may have at least 80% sequence identity to at least one of SEQ ID NO:1-38, such as SEQ ID NO:1-13. Also disclosed are kits and compositions, each comprising a first probe which specifically hybridizes to at least a portion of at least one reference sequence. Also disclosed is a system configured to perform the above method.

Abstract: Biomarkers and methods using the biomarkers for molecular detection and classification of disease and, particularly, molecular markers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis and methods of use thereof are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for determining the presence of a disease by comparing a sequence from a single target molecule with a predetermined sequence that is associated with a specific disease.

Abstract: The methods and compositions described herein address the need for a diagnostic method that can be provided to patients with early stage lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), to determine whether the patient is at increased risk of poor disease outcome. The methods and compositions thus allow for more informed treatment decisions for the early stage lung cancer patient.

Abstract: This document relates to methods and materials involved in detecting gene amplification in a mammal. For example, methods and materials for detecting amplification at CPM and MDM2 loci to determine the presence or absence of a malignant lipomatous neoplasm in a mammal are provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods to discover and use single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) for identifying breed, or line and breed, or line composition of a bovine subject. The present invention further provides specific nucleic acid sequences, SNPs, and SNP patterns that can be used for identifying breed or breed combinations for Angus, Holstein, Limousin, Brahman, Hereford, Simmental, Gelbvieh, Charolais and Beefmaster breeds. These patterns can be utilized to manage animals in a feedlot to obtain optimum performance based on known characteristics of specific breeds and identify animals for breeding in selection programs. In another aspect, these patterns can be used to ensure labeling on breed specific branded products.

Abstract: Inhibitors of the tmRNA pathway have antibacterial activity with broad species specificity, including B. anthracis and other pathogens of military and civilian interest. Identified cyclic or linear peptides are further selected by in vivo selection methods, kill bacterial pathogens when added exogenously, and/or eliminate plasmids carrying antibiotic resistance or virulence genes. The molecular target of each cyclic peptide is in the tmRNA pathway and the tmRNA pathway is inhibited in vitro and in vive by the addition of the peptides.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for processing cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials into useful intermediates and products, such as energy and fuels. For example, conveying systems and methods, such as highly efficient vibratory conveyors, are described for the processing of the cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to tool steels which present an extremely high conductivity while maintaining high levels of mechanical properties the manufacturing process thereof. Tool steels of the present invention are able to undergo low temperature hardening treatments with good homogeneity of the microstructure and can be obtained at low cost.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a part obtained from an age hardening type bainitic microalloyed steel, a process for producing the part, and the age hardening type bainitic microalloyed steel. In particular, the present invention relates to a part which has been controlled so as to have higher values of strength than conventional parts, a process for producing the part, and the age hardening type bainitic microalloyed steel.

Abstract: A method and a system for continuously in-line annealing a forwarding ferromagnetic amorphous alloy ribbon in a curved shape to improve its magnetic properties without causing the ribbon to become brittle and which operates at significant high ribbon feeding rates. The amorphous alloy ribbon is fed forward, tensioned and guided along a path at a preset feeding rate and is heated at a point along the path at a rate greater than 103° C./sec to a temperature to initiate a thermal treatment. Then the ribbon is initially cooled at a rate greater than 103° C./sec until the thermal treatment ends. During the thermal treatment, a series of mechanical constraints is applied on the ribbon until the amorphous alloy ribbon adopts a specific shape at rest after the thermal treatment is ended. After the initial cooling, the amorphous alloy ribbon is subsequently cooled at a sufficient rate to a temperature that will preserve the specific shape.

Abstract: A high-strength seamless stainless steel pipe for oil country tubular goods that is excellent in terms of hot workability, sulfide stress cracking resistance, and corrosion resistance, and a method for manufacturing the steel pipe. The steel pipe has a chemical composition containing Cr and Ni so that the relationship Cr/Ni?5.3 is satisfied. A microstructure of the steel pipe includes mainly a tempered martensite phase. Additionally, a surface layer microstructure of the steel pipe includes a phase which looks white when subjected to etching with a Vilella etching solution, the phase having a thickness in the wall thickness direction from the outer surface of the pipe of 10 ?m or more and 100 ?m or less and dispersing in the outer surface of the pipe in an amount of 50% or more in terms of area fraction.

Abstract: Provided is a high strength cold rolled steel sheet having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or higher and excellent ductility and bendability. The high strength cold rolled steel sheet has a specified component composition. The structures at a position of ¼ sheet thickness in the steel sheet has certain area ratio of ferrite relative to the entire structure, certain area ratio of a mixed structure of fresh martensite and retained austenite relative to the entire structure, certain region in which the concentration of Mn is enriched, certain standard deviation of the fraction of a region in which the concentration of Mn is enriched, and certain concentration of Mn in a ferrite phase.

Abstract: A high-strength hot-formed steel sheet member exhibiting both a consistent hardness and delayed-fracture resistance, and is characterized in that: the high-strength hot-formed steel sheet member has a prescribed chemical composition; the degree of Mn segregation ? (=[maximum Mn concentration (mass %) at the sheet center in the thickness direction]/[average Mn concentration (mass %) at a depth of ¼ of the total thickness of the sheet from the surface]) is less than or equal to 1.6; the steel purity value as defined in JIS G 0555 (2003) is less than or equal to 0.08%; the average grain size for prior ? grains is less than or equal to 10 ?m; and the number density of the residual carbides is less than or equal to 4×103 particles/mm2.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] The present invention provides a Cu—Co—Ni—Si alloy for an electronic component having improved reliability in which in addition to high strength and high electrical conduction, bendability generally difficult to achieve with strength is also provided to a Corson copper alloy. [Solution] The present invention is a Cu—Co—Ni—Si alloy for an electronic component comprising 0.5 to 3.0% by mass of Co and 0.1 to 1.0% by mass of Ni, a concentration (% by mass) ratio of Ni to Co (Ni/Co) being adjusted in the range of 0.1 to 1.0, the alloy comprising Si so that a (Co+Ni)/Si mass ratio is in the range of 3 to 5, and comprising a balance comprising Cu and unavoidable impurities, wherein a coefficient of variation of concentration ratios of Co to Ni (Co/Ni) measured for at least 100 second-phase particles is 20% or less.

Abstract: A casting Al—Si—Mg-based aluminum alloy comprising by mass 12.0-14.0% of Si, 1.5-4.0% of Mg, and 0.10% or less of Mn, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, and having excellent specific rigidity, strength and ductility, and its cast member.

Abstract: The invention relates to an alloy based on iron comprising, by weight: 35%?Ni?37% trace amounts?Mn?0.6% trace amounts?C?0.07% trace amounts?Si?0.35% trace amounts?Cr?0.5% trace amounts?Co?0.5% trace amounts?Mo?0.5% trace amounts?S?0.0035% trace amounts?O?0.0025% 0.011%?[(3.138×Al+6×Mg+13.418×Ca)?(3.509×O+1.770×S)]?0.038% 0.0003%?Ca?0.0015% 0.0005%?Mg?0.0035% 0.0020%?Al?0.0085% the remainder being iron and residual elements resulting from the elaboration.

Abstract: A production method of a maraging steel includes: the step of producing, by vacuum melting, a remelt electrode which comprises from 0.2 to 3.0% by mass of Ti and from 0.0025 to 0.0050% by mass of N; and the step of remelting the remelt electrode to produce a steel ingot having an average diameter of 650 mm or more; wherein the resulting maraging steel includes from 0.2 to 3.0% by mass of Ti.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an aluminum alloy strand from an aluminum alloy containing: not less than 0.001 mass % and less than 0.009 mass % of Ti, 0.4 to 0.9 mass % of Fe, 0.005 to 0.008 mass % of Zr, 0 to 0.02 mass % of Si, and at least one of 0 to 0.05 mass % of Cu and 0.04 to 0.45 mass % of mg with a residue being composed of aluminum and inevitable impurities, the method comprising the steps of: (1) a step of forming a wire rod using the aluminum alloy; (2) a step of drawing the wire rod to a desired final diameter without performing heat treatment; and (3) a step of continuous annealing or batch annealing the drawn wire material.

Abstract: A cast alloy includes aluminum and from about 5 to about 30 weight percent of at least one material selected from the group consisting of cerium, lanthanum, and mischmetal. The cast alloy has a strengthening Al11X3 intermetallic phase in an amount in the range of from about 5 to about 30 weight percent, wherein X is at least one of cerium, lanthanum, and mischmetal. The Al11X3 intermetallic phase has a microstructure that includes at least one of lath features and rod morphological features. The morphological features have an average thickness of no more than 700 um and an average spacing of no more than 10 um, the microstructure further comprising an eutectic microconstituent that comprises more than about 10 volume percent of the microstructure.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy includes, in weight percent, 0.70-0.85 Si, 0.14-0.25 Fe, 0.25-0.35 Cu, 0.05 max Mn, 0.75-0.90 Mg, 0.12-0.18 Cr, 0.05 max Zn, and 0.04 max Ti, the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities. The alloy may be suitable for extruding, and may be formed into an extruded alloy product.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to manufacturing multilayer coatings on substrates. In examples, a substrate with an electrically conducting surface may be provided. A first layer of a first material may be electrophoretically deposited on at least a portion of the electrically conducting surface of the substrate. A second layer of a second, electrically conducting material may be deposited on at least a portion of the first layer using physical vapor deposition. A third layer of a third material may be electrophoretically deposited on at least a portion of the second layer.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention provides a coated cutting tool having a base material and a hard coating, in which: the hard coating is formed from a nitride or a carbonitride having an Al content of from 50 at. % to 68 at. %, a Cr content of from 20 at. % to 46 at. %, and an Si content of from 4 at. % to 15 at. %, relative to the total amount of metal (including semimetal) elements, and when the total of metal (including semimetal) elements, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon is designated as 100 at. %, the atomic percentage (at. %) A of metal (including semimetal) elements and the atomic percentage (at. %) B of nitrogen satisfy the relationship 1.03?B/A?1.07; and, in an intensity profile obtained from an X-ray diffraction pattern or a selected area diffraction pattern of a transmission electron microscope, an intensity of a peak from the (200) plane or the (111) plane of a face-centered cubic lattice structure exhibits the maximum intensity.

Abstract: A rotating disk reactor for chemical vapor deposition includes a vacuum chamber and a ferrofluid feedthrough comprising an upper and a lower ferrofluid seal that passes a motor shaft into the vacuum chamber. A motor is coupled to the motor shaft and is positioned in an atmospheric region between the upper and the lower ferrofluid seal. A turntable is positioned in the vacuum chamber and is coupled to the motor shall so that the motor rotates the turntable at a desired rotation rate. A dielectric support is coupled to the turntable so that the turntable rotates the dielectric support when driven by the shaft. A substrate carrier is positioned on the dielectric support in the vacuum chamber for chemical vapor deposition processing. A heater is positioned proximate to the substrate carrier that controls the temperature of the substrate carrier to a desired temperature for chemical vapor deposition.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for controlling precursor flow in a semiconductor processing tool are disclosed. A method may include flowing gas through a gas line, opening an ampoule valve(s), before a dose step, to start a flow of precursor from the ampoule to a process chamber through the gas line, closing the ampoule valve(s) to stop the precursor from flowing out of the ampoule, opening a process chamber valve, at the beginning of the dose step, to allow the flow of precursor to enter the process chamber, and closing the process chamber valve, at the end of the dose step, to stop the flow of precursor from entering the process chamber. A controller may include at least one memory and at least one processor and the at least one memory may store instructions for controlling the at least one processor to control precursor flow in a semiconductor processing tool.

Abstract: A showerhead for vacuum deposition of several species, the showerhead being divided into several quarters containing each at least one outlet for the species, each quarter defining the wall of an underlying compartment containing at least one species, wherein two adjacent compartments contain different species.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plasma CVD apparatus capable of suppressing abnormal electrical discharge even when a high voltage is used.