Abstract: A pole vault box with a base pan having opposite front and rear edges, a pole slide, and opposing sidewalls. The pole slide descends downwardly and the sidewalls extend upwardly from the pole slide at an angle from a horizontal axis. A lip extends inwardly towards the pole slide at an angle formed by an axis passing through the lip and by the pole slide in a downward direction. An end plate at the rear edge includes a rotational ledge and a stop board, the rotational ledge is in conjunction with the pole slide and the stop board is in conjunction with the opposing sidewalls and rear edge. The stop board includes lower and upper regions, the upper region curving away from the lower region and the lower region is at an angle outwardly from the rotational ledge. In embodiments, padding can cover one or more surfaces of the box.

Abstract: Physical training apparatus, at least comprising a frame, a load which is to be gripped by a user and which is provided as a load shaft arranged on the frame and rotatable through a determined rotation angle, wherein an electric motor is provided to produce a torque exerted on the load shaft, the electric motor being coupled by means of first coupling means to a reaction shaft, which reaction shaft is coupled by means of second coupling means to the load shaft, wherein the rotation angle of the load shaft is limited to a value of less than 360°, and the second coupling means are adapted to exert a torque on the load shaft during a rotation of the load shaft limited to this value of less than 360°.

Abstract: A back strengthening and therapy device has a frame with two body encircling frame members, each frame member having a front end and a rear end. A handle is located on the front end of each of the frame members and a back impacting element is located at the rear end of each frame member. An expandable, cross member interconnects the frame members. When this cross member is locked, the user can conveniently position the back impacting elements on his or her back and apply selected pressure to the back by manipulating the handles and the back impacting elements. When this cross member is unlocked, allowing the elastic to expand, the user can pull backward, creating resistance, in a repeated motion, for purposes of strengthening the back.

Abstract: Provided herein is an exercise cushion that may be used as a cushion and is configured to be used for performing stretches of the backbone, the muscles of the legs and arms or the like. The exercise cushion may comprise: a core main body, an elastic member, a pair of cushion bags, an inner cushion and a cushion cover. The core main body may comprise a pair of core boards each having an arc shape and are connected to each other in a bendable manner. The elastic member may resist against a force generated when the core boards are bent. The pair of cushion bags may house the core boards. The inner cushion may be configured to be inserted into the cushion bags with the core boards. The cushion cover may cover the cushion bags after the core boards and the inner cushion are inserted into the cushion bags.

Abstract: An exercise device for use with various exercises includes a body providing an exercise mass, a cavity formed in the body, a first handle for handling by a user extending radially outward from the body, and a second handle for handling by the user extending radially outward from the body. Various exercises may be performed by a user gripping one or both handles. The cavity is also sized and shaped to receive an exercise bar, such as a barbell bar or macebell bar, therethrough for performing additional exercises. The exercise device is optionally separated into a first portion including the first handle and a second portion including the second handle.

Abstract: A selectorized dumbbell comprises a handle assembly that comprises a generally triangularly shaped handle housing having an upwardly extending loop style handle in the manner of a kettlebell handle. The handle housing has angled side walls that provide surfaces on which the user's forearm can rest when doing certain exercises. The handle housing is hollow inside. A set of generally triangularly shaped add-on weights of progressively decreasing size can be nested inside one another with the set of weights being nested inside the handle housing. A repositionable connecting pin can be placed into different positions on the handle housing to selectively couple a desired number of the add-on weights to the handle housing.

Abstract: A weight apparatus includes a bar including a handle, an anchorage rotatably mounted to an end of the handle, the handle and the anchorage having an axially extending opening, a pinion gear rotatably mounted in the axially extending opening, a rod slidably disposed inside the axially extending opening and having a rack arranged to be moved axially relative to the axially extending opening upon rotation of the pinion gear, and a gear drive arrangement for rotating the pinion gear upon rotation of the handle relative to the anchorage.

Abstract: An adjustable weight exercise ball and particularly a soft exercise ball has one or more handles that are formed from a strap extending around the perimeter of the exercise ball. The exercise ball may have no rigid or hard materials, such as no more than 50 shore A hardness. The generally spherical exercise ball may have a substantially smooth outer surface with no significant protrusions from the surface. In addition, an adjustable weight exercise ball has a single aperture for the insertion of weights through an access slot to a pouch configured within the interior volume of the ball. The weights inserted into the exercise ball may be conformable weights that mold to the interior pouch area within the exercise ball. The interior material of the exercise ball may comprise an elastomeric material that compresses and seals the access slot closed after weights are inserted therein.

Abstract: An adjustable dumbbell device includes a handle bar having two plates extended from end portions and two extensions, a number of weight members each having a groove and a passage, two blocks are secured to the extensions, two pairs of beams are secured between the plates and the blocks and engageable into the groove of the weight member, two latches are slidably engaged onto the extensions, two rods are secured to the latches for moving the latches relative to the beams, two catches are engaged onto the rods and biased to engage with the beams, and two weight elements are detachably attached to the blocks, the weight elements each has a weight of one half (½) of that of the weight member.

Abstract: A resistance training apparatus and method for providing a plurality of training vectors having points of origin variable by direction and elevation to a trainee. The apparatus may accommodate a plurality of trainees and provide multiple training vectors to each trainee. In one embodiment the apparatus includes a base forming the training area and a pair of tower assemblies, each providing members for attachment to the harnesses worn by the athlete. In another embodiment the apparatus provides at least sixteen training vectors to a trainee. Each of the members providing the training vectors are independently adjustable such that balanced or unbalanced loading may be applied simultaneously to a trainee from multiple directions and multiple planes.

Abstract: An ankle strengthening and rehabilitation exercise device is disclosed. The device is intuitive and simple to use by a patient even without professional medical supervision since the device indicates a specific movement of a foot by pivoting an ankle of the patient. In particular, the device may have an extension member that can be positioned on a frame of the device. The foot of the patient may engage the device. An elastic member may be secured to the extension member and the foot. The direction of the elastic member indicates the direction the foot of the patient should move by pivoting his or her ankle to specifically work or strengthen and exercise a particular ankle muscle of the patient.

Abstract: Embodiments of a strength training apparatus and related methods are provided. In one embodiment, the strength training apparatus includes a base member and a tower structure coupled with the base member. At least one arm is pivotally coupled with the tower structure. A flywheel and a cable and pulley system are associated with the at least one arm, wherein displacement of at least one cable of the cable and pulley system effects rotation of the flywheel. The strength training apparatus may include a selectively adjustable magnetic braking mechanism associated with a flywheel that is configured to apply a selected resistance to the rotation of the flywheel. A torque sensor may be associated with the flywheel and the measured torque during operation of the apparatus may be used to calculate the work expended in rotating the flywheel. In one embodiment, the calculated work may be expressed in units of watts.

Abstract: An exercise assisting device includes a table shape body configured for a user to step on, a main body which supports the table shape body from below, and a hold body which is arranged on the main body. The hold body is configured to hold a trunk of the user as the user steps on the table shape body and a center of gravity of the user is positioned more forward of a step position provided on the table shape body. The exercise assisting device is configured to move the table shape body relative to the main body and/or the hold body relative to the main body while regulating a forward inclination of the user as the user uses the device.

Abstract: A treadmill includes a running deck. The running deck includes a front portion, a rear portion connected to the front portion by a first side and a second side, a tread belt surrounding the front portion and the rear portion, a motor to drive movement of the tread belt, and an actuator that cause the running deck to tilt laterally towards either the first side or the second side to form a lateral tilt angle in response to a tilt command.

Abstract: A exercise device, for example, and exercise ball device. The exercise device includes a frame and at least one panel or multiple panels.

Abstract: An oblong orbital exercising machine includes a main frame, an upright, a seat support, a cycle movement mechanism, two swinging handles, two drive bars, two pedal units and two adjustment units. Each of the pedal units includes a fixing plate, a rocking plate, two springs, two fastening rods and a pedal. Each of the two adjustment units includes a fixed disk, an adjusting disk, two limit stubs, a hollow rod, a hollow mounting sleeve and a positioning pull pin. Thus, when the pedal units are moved in concert with the drive bars, the pedal of each of the pedal units is adjusted to correspond to the oblong trace of movement. In addition, the user can adjust the position of each of the pedal units easily and quickly by operation of each of the two adjustment units.

Abstract: An exercise equipment with an improved connecting bar connecting an exercise foot retaining device to a resistance, wherein a first longitudinal pedal bar is connected to a first bent longitudinal pedal connector bar and a second longitudinal pedal bar is connected to a second bent longitudinal pedal connector bar, the first and second bent longitudinal connector bars each having a bent angle greater than zero and less than ninety degrees to thereby prevent the occurrence of a dead angle.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to a knee-position control system having a knee engagement pad, a lower-leg control member and an upper-leg control member, the knee engagement pad configured to naturally position a user's knee in response to movement of a foot-rest of a natural-gait therapy system. In an illustrative embodiment, the upper-leg control member may pivot about a point substantially axially coincident with a user's hip. In some embodiments, the upper-leg control member may be pivotally coupled to the lower-leg control member at a pivot point substantially axially coincident with a user's knee. The lower-leg control member may be pivotably coupled to the foot rest at a pivot point substantially axially coincident with a user's ankle. The knee-position control system may advantageously position a user's knee in a natural position relative to both the user's ankle and the user's hip, in response to movement of the user's foot.

Abstract: A low stress therapeutic device is provided by utilizing foot plates and guide rails having operationally tracking surfaces of a low coefficient of friction supported by a platform. The device includes a rail stabilizer equipped with extending longitudinally recess or slot and a slideably mounted foot plate having upon its underside a longitudinal projection slideably retained within the rail recess. The therapeutic device may be designed to operate under relatively effortless strain at a low coefficient of friction. The therapeutic device is useful for knee replacement, stroke victims, ACL repair, and other therapeutic treatments requiring a nominal initiating effort of movement for rehabilitation. The device may be provided as a one or two footed device of a light weight particularly useful in a patient sitting or lying position. The foot plates may be appropriately equipped with longitudinally underside tracking guides reciprocating sliding within longitudinal slots provided by a tracking rail.

Abstract: An apparatus for stretching comprises a body holder for connecting to a support device (e.g., a frame or ball joint). The body holder includes a body support panel for receiving an upper portion of user's body, a left arm holder for receiving a left arm, and a right arm holder for receiving a right arm. The left arm holder and the right arm holder are pivotally connected to the body support panel. The body support panel can have an ergonomic curved surface to approximate a part of user's torso. The left arm holder can also have a curved surface to approximate a portion of left side of a user's torso and at least a portion of left arm. Similarly, the right arm holder can have has a curved surface to approximate at least a portion of right side of the user's torso and at least a portion of right arm.

Abstract: A dual-mode exercise apparatus may include an articulating arm assembly coupled through a joint to a support assembly. In an illustrative embodiment, the arm assembly may include a seat centrally mounted above a ball-and-socket joint and a stabilizer member for the hands and/or feet of the user. In a first mode of operation a user sits on the seat and uses his or her core muscles to articulate the seat on the ball-and-socket joint against the resistance provided by, for instance, weights mounted on distal portions of the arm assembly. In certain embodiments the apparatus may further provide a second mode of operation which simulates rowing a kayak. In a corresponding illustrative embodiment a user sits in a second seat positioned rearward of the arm assembly and the arm assembly includes handle members. In operation the user articulates the handles in a manner akin to rowing a kayak.

Abstract: A hand exerciser that is structured and arranged to strength the various muscle groups of the user's hand and to improve dexterity of the user's fingers and thumb. The hand exerciser comprises a flexible frame formed into an arc-shaped configuration having an outer surface and an inner surface. On the outer surface of the frame is a first platform at one end and a second platform at the opposite end. A resistance member, such as compressible foam, a bag or the like, is removably positioned against the inner surface inside the arc-shaped frame between the two platforms such that when the user presses the platforms between the fingers and thumb, the resistance member resists compression to exercise the hand. Rails and elongated members on the first platform assist with the improving strength and dexterity. Sensor pads, light and/or audio generators and a cell phone support apparatus can be utilized.

Abstract: A hand therapy kit includes a housing having a lid that is expandable from a folded position to an unfolded position to expose a working surface on an inside of the lid. An elastic cord is attached at two or more anchor points on the working surface to define at least one gap for receiving a finger. The finger can be therapeutically exercised by moving from a first position proximal to the working surface to a second position distal to the working surface. The hand therapy kit can also include removable hand therapy modules.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device which detects repetitive movement of a user's body part. The device has a sensor which detects G forces along at least two axes when the user repeatedly moves the body part; a memory, which stores reference data corresponding to ideal reference data; a processor/computing unit, which communicates with the sensor and the memory, and receives data associated with the G forces. The processing/computing unit compares the ideal reference data with the data associated with the detected G forces. A feedback component is connected to the processor/computing unit to provide the user with a signal when a target has been achieved. Also disclosed is a method of computing data received by the device and an exerciser device that simulates the movement of a hula hoop.

Abstract: A wearable device assembly has a housing supporting a controller, display and indicator system thereon. The controller has at least one sensor wherein activity of a user wearing the device is detected. The controller selectively illuminates the indicator system to indicate a level of activity of the user.

Abstract: A foot monitoring system includes a measurement circuit and an alert circuit. The measurement circuit measures sideways roll of a person's foot while the person is walking/running. The alert circuit determines that the person should change sideways spacing between the person's feet to change further measured values of the sideways roll of the person's foot toward preferred sideways roll values, and generates a notification that indicates to the person to change the sideways spacing between the feet. The foot measurement circuit may determine how much shoe cushioning life remains for a shoe worn by the person in response to comparison of values a peak pulse segment of impact measurements to another segment of the impact measurements that is outside the peak pulse segment.

Abstract: The invention relates to sports monitoring equipment and methods. The invention provides a device or system comprising means for reading a heartbeat signal corresponding to heartbeat of the person during the performance, and means for reading a motion signal corresponding to motion of the person during the performance. There are also computing means for estimating energy consumption of the person during the performance using one or both of said signals. According to the invention, the device or system further comprises means for determining the type of the sports performance. The computing means for calculating the energy consumption parameter are adapted to utilize said heartbeat signal, said motion signal or both signals in combination in a manner depending on the type of the sports performance determined. The invention allows for accurate estimation of energy consumption in versatile sports.

Abstract: An exercise tracker includes a force sensor programmed to output a force signal representing a force applied to a cable associated with a piece of exercise equipment. The exercise tracker further includes a processing device programmed to receive the force signal and determine, from the force signal, exercise data including an amount of weight lifted.

Abstract: A system trains a sport player and includes at least one wearable item to be worn by the sport player, such that the wearable item includes a plurality of colors. Accordingly, each one of the plurality of colors is displayed on a designated portion of the wearable item. The system further includes a plurality of equipment devices. Each one of the equipment devices includes a color that corresponds to one of the plurality of colors displayed on the wearable item, Each equipment device directs the sport player to perform a specific operation, such that the operation is executed with the designated portion of the wearable item.

Abstract: An apparatus for receiving one or more activity attachments including a deck having one or more openings along a long axis of the deck and between the top surface and the bottom surface of the deck. Each of the one or more openings having a circular aperture for receiving an accessory of a set of accessories. Each accessory of the set of accessories providing an activity for a user of the activity. Each accessory having an attachment platform configured to attach the accessory to the board. The attachment platform having a locking mechanism to engaging with a complementary locking mechanism of the board.

Abstract: A fastening element for a climbing device configured for fastening to a tree, pole, mast, column, pillar, or like climbing surface includes an outer shell, a concave contact surface formed within the outer shell and a plurality of anchoring nubs. A lattice structure including a plurality of raised ribs may form the contact surface. Each of the plurality of anchoring nubs protrudes from the raised ribs, and one or more may be formed at least partially at an intersection of the lattice structure. The nubs may have a rounded profile and are preferably symmetrically aligned around a longitudinal axis of the fastening element. The plurality of anchoring nubs and the concave contact surface, e.g., a plurality of raised ribs, form an anchoring surface configured to contact a climbing surface, and to anchor the fastening element to the climbing surface, a tree, for example, without damage thereto.

Abstract: A golf ball includes an inner core layer formed from a thermoset rubber composition. The inner core layer has a first outer surface Shore D hardness and an outer diameter of about 0.8 to 1.40 inches. A thermoplastic outer core layer is formed around the inner core layer, has a second outer surface Shore D hardness, and is formed from a copolymer of ethylene and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, a magnesium salt of oleic acid, and sufficient cation source to fully-neutralize the acid groups of the copolymer. The golf ball includes an inner cover layer and an outer cover layer. The first outer surface Shore D hardness is greater than the second outer surface Shore D hardness and the outer core layer has a thickness of about 0.01 inches to 0.05 inches.

Abstract: Low compression, multi-piece golf balls containing a solid core and two or three-layered cover assemblies are provided. Preferably, the ball has a compression of less than 60 and more preferably less than 50. At least one cover layer is made of a plasticized thermoplastic composition. For example, two-layered and three-layered covers may be made. Preferably, the plasticized thermoplastic composition comprises: a) ethylene acid copolymer, b) plasticizer, and c) cation source. A fatty acid ester such as ethyl oleate or butyl oleate is preferably used as the plasticizer. The cover assembly has good impact durability and helps provide the ball with relatively high resiliency at given compressions.

Abstract: A golf club with improved weighting characteristic is disclosed. More specifically, the present invention discloses to a golf club wherein the improved weighting distribution stems from an increase in the mass of the golf club at a specific distance away from the butt end or proximal end of the golf club head to help increase the feel and minimize the dispersion of the golf shot by minimizing the pull and or draw tendencies of a golf shot.

Abstract: A ball striking device, such as a golf club head, has a face with a striking surface configured for striking a ball, and a channel extending across a portion of the sole. The channel extends across a portion of the sole in a heel to toe direction, wherein the channel is recessed from adjacent surfaces of the sole and has a depth of recession from the adjacent surfaces of the sole, wherein the channel comprises a center portion extending across a center of the sole, a heel portion extending from a heel end of the center portion toward the heel, and a toe portion extending from a toe end of the center portion toward the toe, wherein the width of the center portion of the channel is substantially constant, and the width of the channel at the heel and toe portions increases from the heel end of the center portion toward the heel and from the toe end of the center portion toward the toe.

Abstract: A hollow golf club head comprises a face portion having a club face for hitting a ball, and a club face's perimeter region extending backwards from the face portion. The perimeter region is provided with at least one set of a front part extending backwards from the face portion to have a free rear end, and a rear part extending forwards to have a free front end. The front part and the rear part are overlapped with each other without being fixed to each other so that, relatively to the rear part, the front part is movable in the front-back direction of the club head when hitting a ball.

Abstract: The invention includes a releasable component for use on a golf club head, wherein the component itself may serve as a portion of the club head face, crown, sole, or other portion of the club head body when attached to the club head. The component includes an anti-over rotation mechanism configured to prevent overtightening of the component to a corresponding counterbore on the golf club head. The anti-over rotation mechanism is embodied as a taper design defined on a flange of a threaded component and a corresponding taper design on a flange surface of a counterbore. The counterbore is configured to receive and retain the releasable component by way of a threaded engagement, wherein the interaction between the corresponding taper flange designs of the releasable component and counterbore prevents over rotation of the releasable component, particularly resisting rotation due to ball strike impacts.

Abstract: Embodiments of golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads are generally described herein. In one example, a golf club head may include a hollow body portion having a front portion, a rear portion, a toe portion, a heel portion, a bottom portion, a top portion, a plurality of ports on the bottom portion and a plurality of inner support portions in the hollow body portion. Other examples and embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A co-forged iron type golf club is disclosed. More specifically, the present invention discloses a co-forged iron type golf club with the body portion made out of a first material and at least one weight adjustment portion monolithically encased within the body portion of the co-forged iron type golf club head without the need for secondary attachment or machining operations. The present invention creates of an iron type golf club head from a pre-form billet that already contains two or more materials before the actual forging process resulting in a multi-material golf club head that doesn't require any post manufacturing operations such as machining, welding, swaging, gluing, and the like.

Abstract: A co-forged iron type golf club is disclosed. More specifically, the present invention discloses a co-forged iron type golf club with the body portion made out of a first material and at least one weight adjustment portion monolithically encased within the body portion of the co-forged iron type golf club head without the need for secondary attachment or machining operations. The present invention creates of an iron type golf club head from a pre-form billet that already contains two or more materials before the actual forging process resulting in a multi-material golf club head that doesn't require any post manufacturing operations such as machining, welding, swaging, gluing, and the like.

Abstract: A golf club that utilizes multiple materials to achieve improved performance is disclosed herein. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of forming golf club that utilizes different materials to construct different portions of the iron type golf club head allowing weight to be removed from portions of the golf club head that doesn't require such weighting. The current invention utilizes a lightweight material to form a blade portion of the golf club head while utilizing a standard steel material to form the hosel portion of the golf club head to allow the malleability characteristics of a golf club head to be maintained. The weight saved from the lightweight material used to create the blade portion can then be used to create a sole insert that is made out of a dense and heavy material to improve the CG and MOI characteristics of the golf club head to dramatically improve the performance of the golf club head.

Abstract: A golf hole marker, having a self-righting structure, includes a base, a weighting material received in the base, a telescopic pole and a flag. The base includes a top shell and a bottom shell. The bottom shell is substantially spherically curved and receives the weighting material therein. The top shell has a passage to receive a bottom portion of the pole and a protuberance to press down the weighting material for preventing the weighting material from moving within the bottom shell. The weighting material lowers a center of mass of the golf hole marker lower than a center of the spherically curved bottom shell. Preferably, the base is in the shape of a golf ball.

Abstract: A weight-adjustable-counterbalance apparatus includes a shell and at least one or more weighting member selectively added to the shell. The shell includes a container having an annular lateral wall and an end wall, and defines an opening at an end and a compartment. A first restrainer releasably fits on the end wall and in a manner being prevented from rotating relative to the container. A second restrainer releasably fits on the end of the container and in a manner being prevented from rotating relative to the container. A fastener releasably secures the first retainer, the container, and the second retainer together. The fastener has a first end retained on the first restrainer, a body inserting into the compartment, and a second end extending outside the opening and engaging with the second restrainer. The at least one or more weighting member is added by releasably fitting on the fastener.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a rotatable life size cut out of a lacrosse goalie target made of plastic, foam rubber, or other material, and preferably a foam rubber, adapted to absorb the shock of repeated impacts of lacrosse balls, holding a lacrosse stick. The target is placed in front of (and optionally attached to by a coupler) a goal net to assist lacrosse players in their practice sessions. The practice goalie can be disposed in a first orientation holding a lacrosse stick such that the net of the lacrosse stick is to the right of the practice goalie's head or in a second orientation wherein the lacrosse stick is to the left of the practice goalies head, and can preferably be rotated to any angle therebetween the first and second configurations. Players can use either positioned practice goalie to practice their shooting using both of their hands.

Abstract: A swing training device for improving the batting mechanics of baseball players includes a device handle for gripping by a player in the manner of a baseball bat handle and a device barrel having a ball striking surface. The device barrel is interfaced at an angle from about 20° to about 40° to the device handle. At least the ball striking surface of the device barrel is formed in the size and circular shape of a baseball bat barrel. A joint maybe provided for interfacing the device barrel to the device handle at the desired angle of interface, in which case threaded bolts are utilized to attach the device handle and the device barrel to the joint. Longitudinally oriented threaded bores are provided on substantially planar faces of the device handle and the device barrel to matingly receive the bolts.

Abstract: A device to be worn or otherwise attached to a first person (wearer) so that a second person (training athlete) can strike the device to simulate movements in an athletic competition, combat training or to allow fitness movements. A central pad is mounted to the wearer using a series of straps or other structures, and preferably two handles are mounted to the lateral sides of the central pad. The wearer holds the handles while the training athlete punches, kicks, knees, elbows, or forearms the central pad. The wearer can move the central pad using the handles, or can brace himself or herself with the handles, or both.

Abstract: A sports simulator calculates spin of a sports object using image analysis. A velocity vector is also calculated. These are combined to produce a predicted future trajectory of the sports object. In one embodiment, the sports object is a golf ball and the sports simulator simulates golf.

Abstract: A device for practicing putting of a golf ball includes: an elongate base with opposed first and second ends and an upper surface; an elongate rail with an upper surface and opposed first and second ends, the rail mounted to the base such that the upper surface of the rail is positioned above and generally parallel with the upper surface of the base; a locating feature positioned adjacent the first end of the rail, the locating feature configured to provide a resting place for a golf ball; and a target area positioned near the second end of the base panel located adjacent the second end of the rail. Such a device can provide immediate and accurate feedback on putting errors committed by the user.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a portable exercise storage apparatus, comprising: a rigid hollow tube comprising a first end and a second end; a first end cap that is configured to removably close the first end; and at least one strap releasably connected to the first end and the second end.

Abstract: A dental appliance is disclosed designed to protect a wearer's dentitions against injury from impacts suffered in sports or other activities that can cause chipping, fracturing, dislodging or evulsion of teeth. The appliance may be custom-fittable with at least one pocket having an energy absorbing fluid. The energy absorbing fluid be nanosuspensions of small particles in viscous fluids that can undergo shear thickening when the dental appliance is struck by an object. The appliance dampens and diffuses horizontal and axial forces and directs them away from dentitions thereby reducing the risk for dental injuries.