Abstract: Coupling arrangements and connectors for establishing a substantially fluid-tight removable connection between a fluid port in a medical device such as an endoscope. Various embodiments of the connectors may be coupled to a fluid conduit that may be attached to a decontamination or reprocessing device used to flow fluid through corresponding channels in the medical device during the decontamination process.

Abstract: A device to process and transport medical instruments in a protected manner comprises a containing body (14), in which to place a medical instrument (12), and a closing body (16), in which the containing body (14) and the closing body (16) are configured mobile with respect to each other, in order to define a hermetically closed condition and an open condition. The device comprises at least one sensor (30) configured to automatically detect a variation between the open condition and the hermetically closed condition and to transmit a corresponding signal, and an electronic state display (26) configured to receive the signal from the sensor (30) and to display toward the outside information regarding the current state associated specifically to the signal received.

Abstract: A user assistance system for use with a device for cleaning and disinfecting a surgical instrument. The system including data eyeglasses including a camera and a projection surface, wherein the data eyeglasses projects information on the projection surface, a data storage in which a plurality of data sets on different types of surgical instruments are saved, information relating to an identifying feature of a particular type of surgical instrument and visual data relating to instructions on cleaning the particular type or surgical instrument are in each data set, and a controller configured to capture an image of a surgical instrument to be cleaned, compare image data with the identifying feature in the data sets, identify a type of the surgical instrument to be cleaned using the identifying feature in the image, and display visual information relating to instructions on cleaning the identified type of surgical instrument on the projection surface.

Abstract: An endoscope reprocessor includes a fluid supply section configured to supply a fluid, a fluid supply conduit configured to communicate with the fluid supply section and include an opening open to the atmosphere, a first valve disposed in the fluid supply conduit, a second valve disposed closer to the opening side than the first valve of the fluid supply conduit, a processing tank in which an endoscope is disposed, a first connector and a second connector provided in the processing tank, a first conduit configured to connect a section between the first valve and the fluid supply section and the first connector, a second conduit configured to connect a section between the first valve and the second valve and the second connector, and a pressure sensor configured to measure a pressure of a section between the first valve and the fluid supply section in the fluid supply conduit.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes an endoscope having an image pickup section and a processor device for an endoscope, and optically communicates signals through a scope-side connector and a processor-side connector. In the endoscope system, an optical communication section is constituted by an image signal transmission section and an image signal reception section, and windows and are arranged. An optical communication section is constituted by a scope-side signal transception section and a processor-side signal transception section, and windows and are arranged. The endoscope system includes: a first air blowing section and a second air blowing section for removing dirt adhered on the windows; and a control section that controls the first air blowing section and the second air blowing section.

Abstract: An antifogging device includes: an optical system having one or a plurality of optical members including at least an objective lens; a hollow casing in which the optical system is stored; a heater configured to generate heat according to supplied power to heat a hollow space in the casing; a temperature sensor configured to detect temperature of the hollow space; a temperature controller configured to estimate temperature difference between the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and temperature of the optical member, based on a power value of the supplied power; and an overall controller configured to control the heater based on the temperature difference estimated by the temperature controller.

Abstract: An endoscope includes an insertion section configured to be inserted into a subject, a distal end portion disposed at a distal end of the insertion section, the distal end portion including an observing section configured to observe the subject, a holding section configured to hold the observing section, a heat medium that changes in phase from liquid to gas when exceeding a predetermined temperature, and a heat receiving chamber configured to house the heat medium, and a heat radiation chamber communicating with the heat receiving chamber, the heat medium gasified in the heat receiving chamber being capable of entering the heat radiation chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides an intraoral imaging and illumination apparatus (10) comprising a rear portion (12) and a front portion (14) removably connected to the rear portion (12). The front portion (14) is formed as a light guide (29). The rear portion (12) comprises an imaging device (16) and an illumination device (18). The illumination device (18) is adapted to couple light into the front portion (14) and towards a leading end (30) of the front portion (14) opposite the rear portion (12) so as to illuminate a first object (66). The imaging device (16) is adapted to image the first object (66).

Abstract: A vaginal speculum apparatus includes a portable illumination assembly that is releasably attached to one of the upper blade and lower blade of a disposable vaginal speculum. The portable illumination assembly is defined by a housing that retains at least one LED and a portable power supply. The portable illumination assembly can be energized by an externally accessible member after the illuminator has been attached to the speculum.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic information processing apparatus for performing follow-up of a subject eye based on plural pieces of OCT data obtained at different dates includes: a processor; and memory storing computer readable instructions, when executed by the processor, causing the ophthalmologic information processing apparatus to execute: a first acquisition process of acquiring plural pieces of layer thickness information regarding a fundus, the plural pieces of layer thickness information being a processing result of the plural pieces of OCT data of the subject eye; a matching process of matching the pieces of layer thickness information based on the plural pieces of OCT data to each other in consideration of a difference in acquisition condition among the pieces of OCT data; and a display control process of displaying results of the matching of the pieces of layer thickness information on a monitor.

Abstract: In illustrative implementations of this invention, a human user mechanically moves one or more moveable parts in a handheld controller, and thereby optically controls a mobile computing device. In illustrative implementations, the optical control is implemented as follows: A camera onboard the mobile computing device captures images. The images show the motion of the moveable parts in the handheld controller. A camera onboard the mobile computing device analyzes these images to detect the motion, maps the motion to a control signal, and outputs a control signal that controls a feature or operation of the mobile computing device.

Abstract: An optical coherence tomography imaging device (1) for imaging a retina of a human subject comprises a base (10) having a planar contact surface (11), an optical unit (30) providing a sample beam to scan the retina of the human subject and a head support (80) to be contacted by a head portion of the human subject, the head support (80) defining an entrance position of the sample beam entering an eye of the human subject. An angle between the sample beam at the entrance position and the planar contact surface (11) of the base (10) is 50 to 90°. This arrangement ensures that the head rests in a stable and well defined position with respect to the OCT optics. The risk of negative effects on the imaging process due to head movements, in particular due to movements during the scan time of the OCT device is considerably reduced. Furthermore, the device may assume a compact form factor.

Abstract: A method for predicting abnormal eye convergence in a human or animal subject may involve tracking eye movement of at least one eye of the subject to generate eye tracking data for the subject and using the eye tracking data to predict whether the subject has abnormal eye convergence. A method for diagnosing a brain injury in a human or animal subject may involve tracking eye movement of at least one eye of the subject to generate eye tracking data for the subject, using the eye tracking data to predict whether the subject has abnormal eye convergence, and predicting whether a brain injury has occurred in the subject, based on the prediction of whether the subject has abnormal eye convergence.

Abstract: A wearable eye tracking system includes a pair of looping coils in a Helmholtz configuration and an additional looping coil. In one configuration, areas enclosed by the pair of looping coils in the Helmholtz configuration are in parallel with each other, while an area enclosed by the additional looping coil is offset from (i.e., not parallel with) the areas enclosed by the pair of looping coils. In this configuration, the pair of looping coils generates uniform magnetic fields between the two areas of the pair of looping coils in a first direction orthogonal to the areas of the pair of looping coils, and the additional looping coil generates additional non-uniform (or divergent) magnetic fields in a second direction transversal to the first direction.

Abstract: Described herein is the use of a visible near infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral imaging system as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of Parkinson's disease (PD). Also described herein is the use of a VNIR hyperspectral imaging system in high throughput screening of potential therapeutics against PD.

Abstract: Systems and methods according to the present concepts reduce irritability in infants, such as infants suffering from neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) or colic. According to one embodiment, a method for reducing irritability in an infant includes determining one or more physiological measurements from an infant. The one or more physiological measurements relate to a state of irritability in the infant. The method also includes determining the state of irritability based on the one or more physiological measurements and applying a stochastic stimulation to the infant based on the state of irritability. The stochastic stimulation may be applied via a mattress. The stochastic stimulation may be vibro-tactile or subsensory.

Abstract: A system comprises a storage device, a piece of medical equipment, a portable computing device, and a hub portal. The piece of medical equipment has at least one electrically powered feature and comprises either a medical examination table or a storage cabinet. The storage device is operable to store data and is remotely located relative to the first piece of medical equipment and relative to the portable computing device. The hub portal is operable to provide communication of one or both of data or commands between the storage device, the piece of medical equipment, and the portable computing device. A method includes enablement or activation of an electrically powered feature of medical equipment upon entry of a portable computing device into a medical examination room. The method also includes disablement or further activation of the electrically powered feature upon exit of the portable computing device from the medical examination room.

Abstract: A system and method of flagging monitored ECG samples for urgent review by a human expert is described, and includes monitoring an electro-cardiogram (ECG) signal of the patient with an adherent device that includes a plurality of electrodes. Based on the monitored ECG signal, detected rhythm abnormalities in the patient are detected and ECG samples are collected with respect to detected rhythm abnormalities. One or more features are identified with respect to each ECG sample, and the features are utilized to flag ECG samples for urgent review by a human expert.

Abstract: A system and method for multiple EEG acquisition and monitoring is disclosed herein. The system includes multiple EEG machines connected to a central station over a network. Each EEG machine of the multiple EEG machines has a separate cell on a screen page to allow for an operator to monitor each of the EEG machines.

Abstract: A system for managing transfer of data in a medical body area network (MBAN) is presented. The system includes one or more sensor units disposed on a patient and configured to acquire data from the patient. Moreover, the system includes one or more detachable wireless communication and battery units, where the one or more detachable wireless communication and battery units are detachably coupled to a corresponding sensor unit. In addition, the system includes a patient monitoring device in bi-directional wireless communication with the one or more detachable wireless communication and battery units and configured to receive sensor data and maintain network connectivity between the one or more wireless communication and battery units and the patient monitoring device based on an operating condition of at least one wireless communication and battery unit of the one or more wireless communication and battery units.

Abstract: A biological information acquisition apparatus includes a light emitting part provided on a detection surface facing a measurement site and irradiating the measurement site with a non-laser illumination light, a laser irradiation part provided on the detection surface and irradiating the measurement site with a laser, a light receiving part provided on the detection surface and receiving lights from the measurement site, and generating a first detection signal indicating light reception intensity when the illumination light is radiated and a second detection signal indicating light reception intensity when the laser is radiated, an irradiation control unit that controls whether or not to allow laser irradiation by the laser irradiation part according to the first detection signal, and an analytical processing unit that acquires biological information according to the second detection signal.

Abstract: A system and method, for measuring phase delay and amplitude of a near infrared signal emanating from tissue of an animal subject in response a near infrared signal input to such tissue, operate by processing a signal from an optical detector and a corresponding signal from an optical detector emulation circuit. In some aspects, the processed signals are fed into zero crossing detectors that in turn feed a time-to-digital converter providing at an output thereof a digital measure of the phase delay of the received optical signal.

Abstract: System and methodology objectively capture clinical data on oral health and provide standardized scoring for quantifying oral health. The process of capturing clinical data is based on use of an intraoral camera with imaging software that has the capacity to capture digital images of all tooth surfaces. Digital plaque data are collected in a standardized manner per tooth, and with the ability to select optimal frames for analysis. Data are extracted per tooth into a software program. Color classification of each pixel is determined by the software program using an algorithm that makes use of red/green/blue color code combinations. These classifications are then quantitatively used within the software program and separate algorithms that automatically generate a range of oral health scoring techniques.

Abstract: The present invention employs a photoacoustic apparatus including: a receiving unit that receives acoustic waves at a plurality of measurement positions and converts the acoustic waves to a plurality of time-series reception signals; and a processing unit that adjusts phases of the reception signals so that a phase pattern of a target signal among the reception signals corresponds to a specific spatial direction, reduces low-frequency components in the specific spatial direction from the reception signals of which the phases have been adjusted, and acquires characteristic information of an object based on the reception signals of which the low-frequency components have been reduced.

Abstract: A photoacoustic apparatus includes a light irradiation unit configured to irradiate an object with light; a receiving unit configured to convert a photoacoustic wave generated from the object irradiated with the light from the light irradiation unit into an electric signal; an optical coefficient acquiring unit configured to acquire optical coefficient information of the object; a sound speed acquiring unit configured to acquire sound speed information of the object by using the optical coefficient information acquired by the optical coefficient acquiring unit; and an object information acquiring unit configured to acquire object information by using the electric signal and the sound speed information.

Abstract: A sensor assembly configured to monitor one or more physiological characteristics includes a deformable substrate. The deformable substrate includes a body side interface. Substrate conductive traces are coupled with the deformable substrate. Two or more physiological sensor elements are coupled with the deformable substrate. The two or more physiological sensor elements include at least first and second sensor elements. The first sensor element includes a first piezo element in a first orientation along the deformable substrate, the first sensor element is electrically coupled with the substrate conductive traces. The second sensor element includes a second piezo element in a second orientation along the deformable substrate different than the first orientation, the second sensor element is electrically coupled with the substrate conductive traces.

Abstract: A multi-focus physiologic sensing device for condensing light is disclosed, comprises a multi-focus condenser has one first ellipse reflection member, and one second ellipse reflection member is arranged at an end of the first ellipse reflection member. The first ellipse reflection member has a first focus point thereon. The second ellipse reflection member has two second focus points thereon. A boundary between the first ellipse reflection member and the second ellipse reflection member has a first confocal point. Two lighting elements are respectively arranged on the two second focus points to generate light sources, that focus light on the first confocal point through the second ellipse reflection member, and then the detected object reflects the detected light source back to the first confocal point. Then, the detected light source is passes through the sensor from the first focus.

Abstract: The invention provides a neck-worn sensor that is a single, body-worn system that measures the following parameters from an ambulatory patient: heart rate, pulse rate, pulse oximetry, respiratory rate, temperature, thoracic fluid levels, stroke volume, cardiac output, and a parameter sensitive to blood pressure called pulse transit time. From stroke volume, a first algorithm employing a linear model can estimate the patient's pulse pressure. And from pulse pressure and pulse transit time, a second algorithm, also employing a linear algorithm, can estimate systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Thus, the sensor can measure all five vital signs along with hemodynamic parameters. It also includes a motion-detecting accelerometer, from which it can determine motion-related parameters such as posture, degree of motion, activity level, respiratory-induced heaving of the chest, and falls.

Abstract: The disclosure provides wearable cardiac arrest detection and alerting device that incorporates a non-invasive sensor based on optical and/or electrical signals transmitted into and received from human tissue containing blood vessels, and that transcutaneously quantifies the wearer's heart rate. The heart-rate quantification enables the detection of the absence of any heart beat by the wearable detection and alerting device indicative of the occurrence of a cardiac arrest, wherein the heart is no longer achieving effective blood circulation in the individual wearing the device. The display on the wearable cardiac arrest detection and alerting device may include the elapsed time since the time of detection of a heart rate that is below a predetermine lower limit value, i.e., the detected occurrence of a cardiac arrest event.

Abstract: A method for detecting at least one of a heart rate and a respiratory rate of a subject is disclosed. In one aspect, the method includes transmitting a radio frequency signal towards the subject and receiving a reflected signal from the subject, the reflected signal being Doppler-shifted due to at least one of the heart rate and the respiratory rate. The method also includes providing the reflected signal to a first input of a phase comparator and generating an adjustable reference signal by a reference signal generator. The method further includes providing the reference signal to a second input of the phase comparator and generating an output signal by the phase comparator based on the reflected signal and the reference signal. The method includes varying, by the reference signal generator, at least one of a phase and a frequency of the adjustable reference signal based on the output signal of the phase comparator to track a phase of the reflected signal.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for monitoring the wellbeing of a fetus by the non-invasive detection and analysis of fetal cardiac electrical activity data.

Abstract: The invention provides a neck-worn sensor that is a single, body-worn system that measures the following parameters from an ambulatory patient: heart rate, pulse rate, pulse oximetry, respiratory rate, temperature, thoracic fluid levels, stroke volume, cardiac output, and a parameter sensitive to blood pressure called pulse transit time. From stroke volume, a first algorithm employing a linear model can estimate the patient's pulse pressure. And from pulse pressure and pulse transit time, a second algorithm, also employing a linear algorithm, can estimate systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Thus, the sensor can measure all five vital signs along with hemodynamic parameters. It also includes a motion-detecting accelerometer, from which it can determine motion-related parameters such as posture, degree of motion, activity level, respiratory-induced heaving of the chest, and falls.

Abstract: The invention provides a neck-worn sensor that is a single, body-worn system that measures the following parameters from an ambulatory patient: heart rate, pulse rate, pulse oximetry, respiratory rate, temperature, thoracic fluid levels, stroke volume, cardiac output, and a parameter sensitive to blood pressure called pulse transit time. From stroke volume, a first algorithm employing a linear model can estimate the patient's pulse pressure. And from pulse pressure and pulse transit time, a second algorithm, also employing a linear algorithm, can estimate systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Thus, the sensor can measure all five vital signs along with hemodynamic parameters. It also includes a motion-detecting accelerometer, from which it can determine motion-related parameters such as posture, degree of motion, activity level, respiratory-induced heaving of the chest, and falls.

Abstract: Disclosed are a blood pressure estimation device and the like which make it possible to estimate blood pressure with a high degree of accuracy. A blood pressure estimation device (101) has: a pulse wave calculation unit (102) for, on the basis of a pressure signal in a specific period and a pulse wave signal (2001) measured on the basis of the pressure of the pressure signal in the specific period, calculating a plurality of times at which a pulse signal satisfies prescribed conditions, a period representing the difference between the times, and a pressure value of the pressure signal during the period, and also calculating pulse wave information associating the period and the pressure value; and a blood pressure estimation unit (103) for estimating the blood pressure of the pulse wave signal (2001) on the basis of the pulse wave information.

Abstract: Accurate and effective methods for measuring cardiovascular and respiratory parameters are provided. The method for deriving a depth-specific photoplethysmography (PPG) signal from multi-wavelength PPG signals includes choosing light wavelength combinations, calibrating a multi-layer light-tissue interaction model referring to a physiological signal, and generating the depth-specific PPG signal from the multi-wavelength PPG signals based on the calibrated light-tissue interaction model. The disclosed method for cuff-less blood pressure measurement includes recording a physiological signal and multi-wavelength PPG signals of a predetermined body part, deriving the depth-specific PPG signal reflecting the arterial blood volume with the physiological signal as a reference, calculating the pulse transit time (PTT) from the physiological signal and the derived arterial blood PPG signal, and calculating the blood pressure from the calibrated PTT and blood pressure relationship.

Abstract: Provided is a method and apparatus to measure pulse wave information of a user. The method and apparatus obtain a basic blood pressure of the user estimated based on body information of a user. The method and apparatus determine a blood pressure calibration value corresponding to measured pulse wave information of the user using a pre-trained estimator. The method and apparatus calculate a final blood pressure of the user by applying the blood pressure calibration value to the basic blood pressure.

Abstract: A device for measuring psychological signals includes a substrate, a light emitting unit, a photoelectric sensor and a microprocessor. The substrate includes a surface that is divided into an emission area and a reception area. The light emitting unit is arranged in the emission area and includes a plurality of light emitting sections. The plurality of light emitting sections irradiates a plurality of lights with different wavelengths on a predetermined location. The photoelectric sensor is arranged in the reception area, and is capable of detecting a plurality of reflected lights from the predetermined location and generating an electrical signal accordingly. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor, receives the electrical signal, and converts the electrical signal into a waveform signal. Thus, the detection accuracy can be improved. As such, the detection accuracy of the psychological condition of the user can be improved.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a reflectance type PPG-based physiological sensing system with a close proximity triangulation approach toward robustly measuring several physiological parameters including, but is not limited to, heart rate, breathing rate, blood oxygen saturation and pulse wave velocity.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system and method for measuring arterial and venous blood pulse waveforms (BPWs) of a subject utilizing photoplethysmography (PPG). In an embodiment, the system and method comprises: providing a plurality of virtual sensors positioned to cover a desired field-of-view of the subject, each virtual sensor adapted to detect and measure a BPW signal from an area of the subject's body and provide a BPW signal output; processing the BPW signal outputs of the plurality of virtual sensors to compare the BPWs at multiple areas of the subject's body to perform spatial perfusion analysis; and displaying at least one aggregate output based on the spatial perfusion analysis. At least one aggregate output may include a visualization of one or more perfusion patterns overlaid on a photographic image of the subject, and aggregate statistics including subject heart rate and breathing rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a physiological property determination apparatus (1) for determining a physiological property like a pulse rate of a person. The apparatus may be configured to be worn on the wrist like a watch. A controller (8) separately controls at least two light sources (3, 4, 5) for emitting at least two light beams having different wavelengths into tissue of the person and a light detector (6) having a two-dimensional detection surface (12) detects light, which has travelled through the tissue, wavelength-dependently and generates a wavelength-dependent two-dimensional image based on the detected light. Based on the generated wavelength-dependent two-dimensional image the physiological property is determined. The separate control of the light sources allows for an independent optimization of the illumination and detection processes for each wavelength, which in turn can lead to an improved determination of the physiological property based on the wavelength-dependent two-dimensional image.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a storage that stores therein pulse rate ranges using a resting heart rate of a user as a reference to be associated with exercise amounts, respectively, and a processor. The processor executes a process including: acquiring a first sensor value and a second sensor value from a first sensor and a second sensor that are sensors worn on a body of the user, respectively, the first sensor detecting pulses and the second sensor detecting an acceleration; calculating a plurality of pulse rate candidates based on the acquired first sensor value; calculating an exercise amount of the user based on the acquired second sensor value; and specifying a pulse rate range stored in the storage to be associated with the calculated exercise amount and deciding a pulse rate candidate included in the specified pulse rate range as a pulse rate of the user.

Abstract: A neural interfacing device is disclosed. The neural interfacing device may include at least one microneedle electrode. The microneedle electrode may have one or more microneedles. The one or more microneedles may be shaped and positioned such that when the neural interfacing device is applied to a nerve, the one or more microneedles penetrate a nerve epineurium without any portion of the microneedle electrode penetrating any nerve axon beyond a depth of 500 micrometers.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wires and/or injectable devices. In some embodiments, the present invention is directed to electronic devices that can be injected or inserted into soft matter, such as biological tissue or polymeric matrixes. For example, the device may be passed through a syringe or a needle. In some cases, the device may comprise one or more nanoscale wires. Other components, such as fluids or cells, may also be injected or inserted. In addition, in some cases, the device, after insertion or injection, may be connected to an external electrical circuit, e.g., to a computer. Other embodiments are generally directed to systems and methods of making, using, or promoting such devices, kits involving such devices, and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for electrodes and sensors having nanowires. According to an embodiment as described, a dry sensor is provided. Nanowires, such as silver nanowires, are positioned within a polymer material, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to form an electrode. A conductive element is attached to the electrode during its formation. Example conductive elements include, but are not limited to, a contact or a wire that may be communicatively coupled to medical equipment.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to methods of detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiac tissue and treatment modalities for ablating ROS-associated tissue in cardiac disease. The methods rely upon targeting ROS-associated cardiac tissue for ablation and/or gene therapy in a subject using analytical tools based upon a plurality of recorded atrial EGMs for a tissue to assess ROS content and underlying AF organization as a function of ROS blockade conditions.

Abstract: A portable medical device having improved ECG trace display and reporting. Embodiments implement features to ameliorate artifacts created by virtue of attempting to eliminate compression artifacts due to mechanical compression devices. Other embodiments additionally implement features to seek to detect the occurrence of ROSC while chest compressions are ongoing.

Abstract: Cardiac catheterization is performed with a catheter having a basket-shaped assembly at its distal end. A plurality of spline electrodes are disposed on the splines of the assembly. The assembly is configurable in an expanded arrangement wherein the splines bow radially outwardly and in a collapsed arrangement, wherein the splines are arranged generally along the longitudinal axis of the catheter body. A far-field electrode is disposed in the interior of the assembly. An intracardiac electrogram and a far-field electrogram are obtained with at least one of the spline electrodes and the far-field electrode, respectively. The far-field component is removed from the intracardiac electrogram using the far-field electrogram.

Abstract: The method is used for filtering an initial RR series of a plurality of (RRi) samples which are respectively a function of the time intervals (?ti) that separate two successive heartbeats. In order to carry out this filtering, one must automatically detect in the initial RR series if one or more successive (RRi) samples are incorrect, and automatically correct in the RR series one or more of the (RRi) samples detected as being incorrect by replacing them with one or more reconstructed (RRc) samples so as to obtain an RR series. One must automatically control the quality of the RR series by counting, in a predefined sliding window, the number (NbPertub) of (RRc) samples of the RR series that were reconstructed, and/or, if applicable, the number (NbPertub) of (RRrc) samples of the RR series that were reconstructed and resampled.

Abstract: A flexible measuring device having an elongated member of a fixed arc length has holes at intervals along the body corresponding with the International 10-20 system of electrode placement. The fixed arc length may be of any length corresponding with pediatric and adult head sizes. There may be additional demarcations located along the fixed arc length labeled with standard American or metric units for reference. The flexible measuring device reduces inaccuracy with electrode placement for Electroencephalography (EEG) tests and experiments and can also provide an alternative, low-cost method of measurement for these offices or laboratories.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a substrate mechanically and electrically connected on one side of the substrate to multiple metallic probes in one or more arrays and includes the multiple metallic probes in the one or more arrays. In a method, multiple pits may be formed in an array on a first substrate. The pits have a pyramidal shape. A release layer is formed on the first substrate and covers surfaces of the pits. Probe tips are formed in the pits on the first substrate. The probe tips are formed from rigid conductive material. Multiple pillars are formed from rigid conductive material. The pillars are electrically and mechanically connected to a second substrate and to the probe tips. Release is caused of the probe tips from the first substrate, wherein the pillars and probe tips are connected to the second substrate and together form an array of rigid and conductive probes.