Abstract: A synthetic image can be generated by a simple operation in a short time. A magnifying observation apparatus includes: a z-axis movement unit capable of automatically adjusting a working distance to an observation surface of an observation target placed on a placement section; an xy-axis movement mechanism capable of changing relative positions of the placement section and a microscope lens section; and an image synthesizing unit for generating a synthetic image obtained by synthesizing a plurality of images each captured at a relative distance made different by the z-axis movement unit, wherein image synthesis processing by the image synthesizing unit and processing of moving the microscope lens section by the z-axis movement unit and capturing an image by the camera section are asynchronously executed.

Abstract: A visual target acquisition scope system including an adjustable connection between a zero magnification scope viewed by a first eye of a user and a power scope viewed by a second eye of the user. The system includes first and second movable sections connected and controlled by an adjustment locking mechanism. Using the system, while the user looks at an object through the zero magnification power scope with the first eye and looks at the object through the high power scope with the second eye, the target visible to the first eye is simultaneously visible to the second eye, so as to provide immediate acquisition and viewing of the object through the high power scope with the second eye.

Abstract: Dynamically-variable graphic displays, including a panel comprised of a plurality of electrostatic particles and a plurality of electrodynamic contacts supported within a nonconductive substrate, wherein each electrostatic particle is situated within a channel in the nonconductive substrate such that the nonconductive substrate comprises a plurality of channels oriented in one direction. Also included within the invention are dynamically-variable graphic display panels comprising electrostatic particles that each comprise a plurality of sectors, each having a different color and a fixed magnetic polarity relative to said sectors, and a plurality of electrodynamic contacts, each contact located adjacent to an electrostatic particle and positioned for interaction with one of the electrostatic particles.

Abstract: Techniques and configurations for an apparatus for projecting a light pattern on an object are described. In one embodiment, the apparatus may include a laser arrangement configured to generate a laser line, a tiltable micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) mirror configured to tiltably reflect the laser line, and a controller configured to control tilting of the MEMS mirror to enable the reflected laser line to project a light pattern on the object. The controller may be configured to control the MEMS mirror with a tilting frequency that is complementary to an optical power of the laser line, or to control the optical power of the laser line to be complementary to the tilting frequency of the MEMS mirror.

Abstract: A scanning device is presented having a substrate with a first surface and an opposite, parallel second surface. A region of the substrate includes the first surface and the opposite parallel second surface, and is defined via an etching process through a thickness of the substrate, where the region remains attached to the substrate via one or more hinges. A waveguide is patterned over the first surface of the region and guides a beam of radiation along a length of the waveguide. The scanning device includes a facet located on the first surface of the region. The facet is designed to reflect at least a portion of the beam of radiation through the region. An optical element is located on the second surface of the region, and is designed to receive the reflected portion of the beam of radiation.

Abstract: An optical device includes: an optical element having an optically functional surface which is pivotable; a base supporting the optical element; and a package housing the optical element and the base, in which the package includes: a wall that surrounds the optical element and the base; a window that closes a first opening defined by the wall, and forms an optical path to the optically functional surface, the window being transmissive to light; and a bottom plate that closes a second opening defined by the wall.

Abstract: An optical scanning apparatus includes a polygonal mirror configured to deflect a light beam emitted from a light source such that the laser beam scans a member to be scanned, a drive motor configured to rotate the polygonal mirror, aboard on which the polygonal mirror and the drive motor are mounted, an installation portion where the board is installed, a rubber member provided between the board and the installation portion, and an adjustment unit configured to position on the board with respect to the installation portion and to adjust inclination of the board with respect to the installation portion by deforming the rubber member.

Abstract: When a head-up display apparatus is used, a combiner stored in a storage position in a housing is moved to a use position in front of the housing. Thus, a storage space in the housing becomes unoccupied. A projector is moved to a projection position in the storage space that becomes unoccupied and unused.

Abstract: A short-distance optical amplification module and a near-eye display optical module using the same in the present invention relates to an optical amplification module applicable for short distance and an optical module using the same for near-eye display. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical amplification module for large-multiple amplification within a short distance (less than 5 cm) and a near-eye display optical module using the same to achieve super large field of view within a short distance (less than 3 cm). The short-distance optical amplification module in the present invention comprises a first 45 degree phase delay sheet (2), a partial-transmission and partial-reflection curved lens (4), a second 45 degree phase delay sheet (5) and a reflective polarizing sheet (6) which are sequentially arranged.

Abstract: An adjustable reflector of a head-up display includes a base, an adjusting frame, a reflecting element and a control module. The adjusting frame has a first end and a second end opposite to the first end. The first end is pivoted to the base, and the second end is rotatable around the first end. The reflecting element is arranged on the adjusting frame for reflecting a light beam generated by an image source to an optical combiner. The control module includes a linkage arm and a driving unit. A first end of the linkage arm is slidably connected to the adjusting frame. The driving unit is connected to a second end of the linkage arm and configured to drive the linkage arm to rotate for adjusting an included angle between the adjusting frame and the base.

Abstract: A method and system that enhances a user's experience when using a near eye display device, such as a see-through display device or a head mounted display device is provided. An optimized image for display relative to the a field of view of a user in a scene is created. The user's head and eye position and movement are tracked to determine a focal region for the user. A portion of the optimized image is coupled to the user's focal region in the current position of the eyes, a next position of the head and eyes predicted, and a portion of the optimized image coupled to the user's focal region in the next position.

Abstract: A wireless communication system includes a transparent lens system coupled to a frame that positions the lens system in front of a user's eye when the frame is mounted on the user's head. A wireless transceiver wirelessly receives display control signals and transfers the display control signals to an LCD system that is embedded within the transparent lens system. The LCD system renders images and transparency in response to the display control signals. In some examples, an optical receiver transfers the optical information signals to the wireless transceiver, and the transceiver wirelessly transfers the optical information signals. In some examples, a wireless communication device wirelessly transfers the display control signals and receives the optical information signals.

Abstract: As a first prism and a second prism respectively have a third surface and a sixth surface, which are reflecting surfaces which are asymmetrical with respect to an axis, inside thereof, it is possible to correct an aberration, and to display an video having high performance. Furthermore, in the first prism, as a plurality of reflecting surfaces (a second surface and the third surface) is provided, it is possible to reduce a size and a weight of the apparatus. Furthermore, like the second surface and a fifth surface, as a surface which functions not only as a light incident surface that causes video light to be incident but also as a total reflecting surface which totally reflects the video light is provided, it is possible to further reduce a size of an optical system.

Abstract: Provided is a light guide prism including: an incident surface on which image light from a display device is incident; one or more reflection surfaces which reflect the image light incident thereon, the reflection surfaces including at least an emission side reflection surface; and an emission surface forming an acute angle with the emission side reflection surface and emitting the image light reflected by the emission side reflection surface, toward an eyeball of an observer. In one aspect, the light guide prism includes a prism tip disposed as protruding from an end of the emission side reflection surface and from an end of the emission surface, in a direction in which a width between the emission side reflection surface and the emission surface narrows. Further provided is an image display apparatus including: a display device which emits image light; the light guide prism; and a support.

Abstract: An electronic device displays an image during a communication between two people. The image represents one of the people to the communication. The electronic device determines a location where to place the image and displays the image such that the image appears to exist at the location.

Abstract: An augmented reality head-up display (HUD) display method for a vehicle includes: detecting a position of an object outside of the vehicle at which a driver of the vehicle is looking; detecting a position of an eye of the driver while the driver is viewing external object information displayed on a windshield of the vehicle; extracting augmented reality HUD display coordinates of the object based on the detected object position and augmented reality HUD display coordinates of the eye based on the detected eye position; correcting one or more errors in the augmented reality HUD display coordinates of the object and one or more errors in the augmented reality HUD display coordinates of the eye using an error correction parameter for the augmented reality HUD display coordinates of the object and an error correction parameter for the augmented reality HUD display coordinates of the eye, the error correction parameters varying from one another; receiving the corrected augmented reality HUD display coordinates of

Abstract: A beam shaping system including: a first and second optical modules that are accommodated in a spaced-apart relationship in an optical path of light through the system to sequentially apply beam shaping to light incident thereon. The beam shaping system includes first and second alignment modules respectively carrying the first and second optical modules and operable for laterally positioning the optical modules with respect to the optical path. A calibration module of the beam shaping system is connectable to the first and second alignment modules and is operable to sequentially calibrate and align the respective lateral positions of the first and second optical modules with respect to the optical path. The system thereby enables shaping of an incoming light beam of given predetermined wave-front and lateral intensity distribution to form an output light beam having desired wave-front and desired lateral intensity distribution.

Abstract: A ray of light 2 enters vertically to an incident surface 5a of a rod integrator 5, while another ray of light 4 enters obliquely to the incident surface 5a of the rod integrator 5. As a result, the outermost spread angle of the ray of light 4 after entering the rod integrator 5 coincides the outermost spread angle of the ray of light 2 after entering the rod integrator 5.

Abstract: A device for wavelength coupling of laser beams (2a, . . . 2n) with different wavelengths (?1, . . . ?n), comprising: at least one laser source for generating a plurality of laser beams (2a, . . . , 2n), and an overlapping device for spatial overlapping of the plurality of laser beams (2a, . . . , 2n) for forming an overlapped laser beam with a plurality of wavelengths (?1 . . . ?n). The device has a feedback device arranged between the laser source and the overlapping device for feeding a radiation proportion of the laser beams (2a, . . . , 2n) to be overlapped back to the laser source, the feedback device comprising a partially reflecting angle-dispersive optical element, in particular a partially reflecting diffraction grating. The overlapping device may, for example, be configured as a transmitting or reflecting diffraction grating whose optical properties are adapted to the optical properties of the partially reflecting diffraction grating to overlap the laser beams (2a, . . .

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) based surveillance system and a method for using the MEMS based surveillance system are described herein for imaging an object. In one example, the MEMS based surveillance system can record images of an object from four different wavelength regions including visible light, near-infrared light, infrared light, and far infrared light.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display device having a display panel wherein the display device includes a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines crossing each other to define a plurality of pixels in the display panel, each pixel being divided into N number of sub-pixel areas including a 2D sub-pixel and a 3D sub-pixel, wherein N is an integer and greater than 1; and a lenticular film including a plurality of lenses and attached to the display panel, wherein 3D sub-pixels on an odd-numbered horizontal line and 3D sub-pixels on an even-numbered horizontal line are alternately arranged on a line-by-line basis in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A device may have a display with an array of pixels for displaying three-dimensional images for a viewer. Each pixel may have an array of subpixels and associated lens structures. A beam steerer may be interposed between the array of pixels and the viewer. The beam steerer may steer light that is emitted from the array of pixels towards the viewer. The electronic device may have a camera that monitors the location of the viewer. The beam steerer may be adjusted based on information on the location of the viewer that is gathered from the camera. Other input-output devices such as an accelerometer may also be used in gathering information that is used in adjusting the beam steerer. Different sets of data may be supplied to the array of pixels based on the location of the viewer.

Abstract: A collapsible stereoscope made of a stiff but bendable material. The stereoscope includes a front viewing panel with apertures for lenses, a rear picture holding panel, and bracing side walls, all integrally hinged to a bottom panel. Each bracing side wall varies in height so that it is tall enough in some regions to provide structural support, but short enough in other regions to reduce or prevent the casting of shadows on the stereogram. The length of each bracing side wall is longer than length of the bottom panel, so that when each bracing side wall is secured to the front panel, the bracing side walls bend in toward each other at a preformed folding crease which improves structural stability of the stereoscope, holds stereograms against the picture holding panel, and reduces shadowing on the stereogram. The collapsible stereoscope can be used as a greeting card.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus includes: an image sensor in which multiple light receiving elements are arrayed with respect to one lens on an image sensing plane on which an object image is formed by an imaging lens, the lens being arranged such that the exit pupil of the imaging lens and the light receiving elements are in a conjugate relationship; a polarizer arranged at approximately the position of the exit pupil of the imaging lens, and having multiple areas that have different polarization directions corresponding to different areas of the exit pupil; and an image processing unit that generates multiple images corresponding to the areas of the polarizer from output of the light receiving elements.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes an image pickup optical system, a base member, a holder holding an optical element, and a moving member including a magnetic member and configured to move in a plane perpendicular to an optical axis. The moving member moves in a predetermined straight line between the optical axis and a center of the magnetic member in a surface perpendicular to a center of the optical element. The base member includes a first restricting portion restricting moving amounts of the moving member in one direction of the predetermined straight line, and a second restricting portion restricting moving amounts of the moving member in other direction of the predetermined straight line. The first restricting portion and the second restricting portion are arranged so that the magnetic member is sandwiched between the first restricting portion and the second restricting portion.

Abstract: A pair of eyeglasses with replaceable temples includes a glasses frame, two connecting members, and two temples. The glasses frame includes a first end and a second end spaced from the first end in a lateral direction, each of which forms a coupling base extending inward in a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the lateral direction. A recess and a first magnet are included in each coupling base. A first segment of each connecting member is held in the recess of a corresponding coupling base. A second magnet is included in the first segment of each connecting member and coupled with the first magnet in the corresponding coupling base to allow the connecting members to be securely coupled with the glasses frame. A front end of each temple is engaged with a second segment of one of the connecting members. The pair of eyeglasses features temples removed and fixed conveniently.

Abstract: The present invention relates to contact lenses which reduce indoor glare and provide improved comfort to the wearer. The contact lenses of the present invention have, at about body temperature, a percent transmission between 70 to 90% across the region of 420-700 nm.

Abstract: This invention discloses methods and apparatus for providing a Variable Optic Insert into an Ophthalmic Lens. An energy source is capable of powering the Variable Optic Insert included within the Ophthalmic Lens. In some embodiments, an Ophthalmic Lens is cast-molded from a silicone hydrogel. The various Ophthalmic Lens entities may include electroactive Liquid Crystal layers to electrically control refractive characteristics. The Ophthalmic device may include a wear-controlled adjustment device.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to electro-active optical systems, such as a pair of spectacles having one or more lenses that employ electro-active optical structures. In some embodiments, the invention relates to electro-active optical systems having a flexible electrically conductive connection between the lens and the frame.

Abstract: Techniques and mechanisms for providing an eye-mountable device including an accommodation actuator. In an embodiment, fabrication of the eye-mountable device includes sealing layers of enclosure material to form a lens enclosure comprising a pinch-off region where the layers of enclosure material physically contact one another. The accommodation actuator includes a liquid crystal layer disposed between the layers of enclosure material in a central region around which the pinch-off region extends. In another embodiment, electrodes are disposed in the central region each between the liquid crystal layer and a respective one of the layers of enclosure material. The liquid crystal layer isolates the electrodes from one another in the central region.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to cantilevered and divergent view wearable optical systems that redirect an optical path, and provide for optimal ergonomics coupled with vision enhancement and vision magnification. Methods of use, devices, and kits are also contemplated.

Abstract: An adjustable clip-in prescription lens insert assembly for wrap around style frames used in industrial, construction, recreational activities and in the medical arts. The clip-in prescription lens insert assembly has an adjustable and pliable brow bar structure and adjustable and pliable clip members to form and fix the prescription lens insert into wrap around style frames. The brow bar and clip member structures are mounted in connector tubes fixed to the lens frames of the lens and insert assembly and are preferably constructed of a metal or metal alloy having shape memory properties.

Abstract: Techniques for providing eyewear with electrical components are disclosed. The electrical components can provide electrical technology to eyewear without having to substantially compromise aesthetic design principles of the eyewear. The electrical components can be partially or completely internal to eyewear. The electrical components can also be attached to the eyewear as an after-market enhancement. The electrical components can operate independently or together with other electrical components provided elsewhere. Apparatus for presenting after-market electrical components are also disclosed.

Abstract: An optical semiconductor device in which a first optical waveguide 407 comprising a silicon-containing amorphous semiconductor layer and a second optical waveguide 409 containing a silicon-containing i-type semiconductor layer as a constituent element are disposed in different layers in a range in which optical interaction can occur. An electro-optical modulator 409 having a pin junction structure comprising a p-type semiconductor layer 403, an i-type semiconductor layer 404, and an n-type semiconductor layer 405 is provided to at least a portion of the second optical waveguide 409, and the index of refraction of the second optical waveguide is varied by the electro-optical modulator, whereby light waves propagated through the first optical waveguide are modulated.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a vacuum cell aligning device and a vacuum cell aligning method. The vacuum cell aligning device includes an upper machining platform, a lower machining platform, a plurality of first cell-pressing unit arranged in parallel in the upper machining platform, a plurality of second cell-pressing unit arranged in parallel in the lower machining platform, and an adjustment mechanism. Each first cell-pressing unit includes a first end-surface towards the lower machining platform and corresponds to a sub-region of the upper substrate. Each second cell-pressing unit includes a second end-surface towards the upper machining platform and corresponds to a sub-region of the lower substrate. The adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the first cell-pressing units to make a shape defined by the first end-surfaces match the upper substrate, and configured to adjust the second cell-pressing units to make a shape defined by the second end-surfaces match the lower substrate.

Abstract: A display device includes a display area and a terminal area formed outside the display area. The display area has a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of video signal lines that cross the scanning lines. The terminal area has a first terminal having a semiconductor chip connected thereto, a first line, a second line, and an inspection thin-film transistor. The inspection thin-film transistor has a gate electrode connected to the first line, a source electrode connected to the second line, and a drain electrode. The first terminal is connected to any of the plurality of scanning lines and the plurality of video signal lines.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus includes: a polarization removing element layer including a plurality of polarization removing elements, each of the plurality of polarization removing elements being configured to polarize an incident light to thereby obtain light having a polarization axis in a predetermined direction and to transmit the polarized light; a polarizer layer provided in front of the polarization removing element layer, the polarizer layer being configured to twist polarization axes of light having a plurality of polarization axes by predetermined angles, respectively, and to transmit the light; an inclination detecting device configured to detect inclination of the incident light to an optical axis; a controller configured to control and drive the polarizer layer such that the polarizer layer twists the polarization axis of light depending on the inclination detected by the inclination detecting device and transmits the light; and an image pickup device configured to detect the light.

Abstract: An electronic device includes: a main body of the electronic device; a display, provided on the main body of the electronic device, where the display includes a first light transmitting layer, and a support layer between the main body of the electronic device and the first light transmitting layer, and where the first transmitting layer is located on a first surface of the electronic device; N sensors, provided in the display, and located inside the first transmitting layer, wherein a capturing module of the N sensors faces an inner surface of the first transmitting layer; and the N sensors are adapted to capture ambient light penetrating the first light transmitting layer or ambient light irradiating the N sensors via a through hole of the first light transmitting layer.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The liquid crystal display apparatus includes: a liquid crystal display panel; a first chassis; a second chassis; a circuit unit; a flexible substrate; a shield unit; and a pem-nut. The shield unit is disposed to surround at least a part of the flexible substrate and circuit unit and be bonded to at least a part of the flexible substrate. The pem-nut is exposed through a hole penetrating the shield unit and the circuit unit, and a bolt-insertion part is disposed. A top side of the pem-nut is positioned to be higher than a top side of the circuit unit. In the liquid crystal display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the reliability of the liquid crystal display apparatus is improved.

Abstract: A display device including a display panel having a back surface and a front surface; a side frame extending along three sides of the display panel and including a flat portion facing a part of the back surface of the display panel and an inclined portion extended rearward away from the flat portion and being exposed outside of the display device; a main frame comprising a plate and being coupled with the side frame; a light source between the display panel and the main frame. Further, the part of the back surface of the display panel is fixed on the flat portion of the side frame via an adhesive layer formed on the flat portion of the side frame. In addition, the side frame further includes an outer frame forming an outer perimeter of the side frame; an inner frame positioned inside the outer frame; and a stepped portion formed by the inner frame and the outer frame and configured to seat the main frame.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is a display device with an improved manufacturability which is capable of preventing a decrease in the display quality due to a change in the gap between an array substrate and a counter substrate caused by a temperature change. The primary bonding portion is composed of translucent synthetic resin and provided to bond together the counter substrate side and a touch panel side in a manner covering at least a display area. The secondary bonding portion is provided in a columnar shape through curing of adhesive being ultraviolet curable liquid resin with a viscosity higher than that of the synthetic resin of the primary bonding portion, the secondary bonding portion bonding together the non-opposed portion side and the touch panel side.

Abstract: The elution of a color filter to a liquid crystal layer is reduced. A liquid crystal display device includes an active device substrate, a liquid crystal layer provided on the active device substrate, and a counter substrate provided on the liquid crystal layer. The active device substrate includes an active device, a common electrode, a common interconnection electrically connected to the common electrode, a reflection reduction film provided on the common interconnection, a first insulating layer provided on the reflection reduction film, and a pixel electrode having a flat portion provided on the first insulating layer and a first projecting portion protruding downwardly. The first the projecting portion is electrically connected to the active device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided. The liquid crystal display device comprises a backlight module and a display panel. The display panel includes an array substrate disposed on the light entering face side, a color filter substrate disposed on the light exiting face side and a liquid crystal layer between the two substrates. On the array substrate, there is provided a first polarizing plate. The color filter substrate includes a base substrate, a second polarizing plate disposed on the light exiting face side of the base substrate and a color filter layer disposed on the light exiting face side of the second polarizing plate. The backlight module is a collimated backlight module.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a base substrate, a color filter layer and a retarder layer. The base substrate includes a first sub pixel area, a second sub pixel area and a third sub pixel area. The color filer layer is disposed on a front surface of the base substrate, and includes at least one of a magenta color filter, a cyan color filter and a yellow color filter in the first sub pixel area and the second sub pixel area and a white color filter in the third sub pixel area. The retarder layer is disposed on a rear surface of the base substrate opposite to the front surface of the base substrate. The retarder layer is configured to polarize light in the first sub pixel area and the second sub pixel area to form a first polarized light. The retarder layer is further configured to polarize the light in the third sub pixel area to form a second polarized light, the second polarized light being different from the first polarized light. Thus, a driving speed of a display apparatus may be decreased.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display device. The display device includes a liquid crystal panel, a backlight unit configured to include a light source that supplies light to the liquid crystal panel, and a polarizing part adhered to the liquid crystal panel. The polarizing part is formed to extend in an outer direction of the liquid crystal panel, and surrounds at least one of an outside of the liquid crystal panel and an outside of the backlight unit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel, in which pixel units are provided on the liquid crystal display panel, each pixel unit includes sub-pixel units displaying different colors, at a position of the apposed substrate or the array substrate corresponding to the sub-pixel unit of at least one color in each pixel unit, a monochromatic quantum dot layer is disposed. This liquid crystal display panel has increased color gamut of the liquid crystal display panel, enhanced color saturation, increased display quality, and increased life of quantum dots. A display device and a process for patterning the monochromatic quantum dot layer are also provided.

Abstract: A vehicular display apparatus includes a liquid crystal display unit and a display plate. The display plate includes a diffusion portion that transmits and diffuses light of a first light source, and a transmission display portion that permits light of a second light source to transmit through and illuminate a prescribed shape portion serving as a status display portion. The liquid crystal display unit provides a liquid crystal display using, as back light, the light diffused by the diffusion portion. The display plate includes a slit in a portion located in between the transmission display portion and the diffusion portion.

Abstract: The exemplary embodiments herein provide an airguide backlight assembly having an anterior element, a reflective pan positioned posterior to the anterior element, and a light source positioned to direct light towards the reflective pan. A lens element may be placed in front of each light source. The reflective pan preferably contains a slope or curve so that light emitted from the light sources can be reflected and/or refracted to distribute the light uniformly to the anterior element. In some embodiments, blinders may be positioned between the light sources and the anterior element as well as between the light sources and the reflective pan.

Abstract: There are provided a retardation film, a manufacturing method thereof, and a liquid crystal display device including the same. The retardation film includes 1) an acrylic film, 2) a coating layer of a negative C-type material, and 3) a primer layer including a copolymer containing an aromatic vinyl-based unit and a maleic acid-based unit, provided between the acrylic film and the coating layer of the negative C-type material. The retardation film may be used in an in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A display panel comprises a first electrode on the first substrate and a first alignment layer on the first electrode. The first alignment layer is disposed on the first electrode and comprises a first alignment area and a second alignment area. An alignment direction of the first alignment area is opposite to an alignment direction of the second alignment area. The first electrode is disposed in the first alignment area and comprises a first trunk electrode and at least two first branch electrodes respectively connected to two sides of the first trunk electrode. At least one of the first branch electrodes comprises a first distal end and a first connection end connected to the first trunk electrode. An included angle between the extending direction from the first distal end to the first connection end and the alignment direction of the first alignment area is between 50° and 80°.