Abstract: A filter pack includes a filter construction and a sealing system for sealing the construction within a duct or housing. The filter construction has first and second opposite flow faces and is configured for a straight-through flow. The sealing system includes a frame construction and a compressible seal member. The compressible seal member is molded around a portion of the frame construction. The compressible seal member is sufficiently compressible to form a radial seal between and against the frame construction and a surface of a housing when the filter pack is inserted within the housing.

Abstract: A composition, a mixed powder and a material for molding have polytetrafluoroethylene as a main component. Each includes polytetrafluoroethylene that can be fibrillated, a non-hot melt processable component that is not fibrillated, and a hot melt processable component with a melting point of lower than 320° C. that is not fibrillated. The hot melt processable component is contained at equal to or more than 0.1% by weight but less than 20% by weight of a total weight. A filtering medium for an air filter includes a porous membrane made of these components, and an air permeable support. The porous membrane is manufactured, by mixing these components, extruding the mixture, rolling and drawing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for trapping atmospheric emissions, made up of a liquefaction tank which contains a liquid that traps the dust, smokes or gas, which are injected into the same through a main duct, to which the source of the emission to be trapped is connected, said duct including a first fan which operates by absorbing and propelling the dust, smoke and gas, guiding same into the liquefaction tank, said duct being sealed at the end of thereof, the side walls of the duct comprising at least ten outlet openings, the invention also comprising a system with at least two walls with the same effect and perforations, this causing the liquefaction of the trapped material, likewise, the invention comprises a cooling system, which guides the liquid from the tank into a serpent coil and from there to a pump which generates the recirculation of the liquid; at the top of the tank, the invention comprises an outlet duct via which the gases produced by liquefaction are guided into a compressor, which has t

Abstract: Wet-scrubber for cleaning flue gas, said wet scrubber comprising. The wet scrubber comprises a first end and a second end. Furthermore, it comprises an annular wall extending between the first end and the second end so as to form a chamber having a longitudinal axis, said annular wall and said ends having an inner surface and an outer surface, where said chamber comprises an inlet opening and an outlet opening, said openings being in fluid communication and defining a downstream direction from the inlet opening to the outlet opening. Furthermore, the wet-scrubber comprises a liquid distribution system comprising at least one liquid exit aperture for distributing a liquid film on the inner surface of the chamber. Finally, the wet-scrubber further comprises means arranged to rotate the liquid film on the inner surface of the annular wall relative to the annular wall.

Abstract: The present invention provides ammonia purification means to remove impurities such as oil with a negative effect on vapor deposition from inexpensive commercially available industrial crude ammonia and from crude ammonia recovered from the gallium nitride compound semiconductor process and to continuously supply the purified ammonia to the gallium nitride compound semiconductor process. The oil removing device removing oil from crude ammonia containing oil as impurities includes an oil filter cylinder accommodating a filtration element cylindrically formed from a filtration membrane processed into a shape of pleat, honeycomb, or space structure; and an oil adsorption cylinder filled with activated carbon. The ammonia purification apparatus is provided with the oil removing device; a catalyst cylinder filled with a catalyst containing nickel as an active component; and an adsorption cylinder filled with synthetic zeolite.

Abstract: A polarity swing-assisted regeneration (PSAR) process is disclosed for improving the efficiency of releasing gases chemically bound to switchable ionic liquids. Regeneration of the SWIL involves addition of a quantity of non-polar organic compound as an anti-solvent to destabilize the SWIL, which aids in release of the chemically bound gas. The PSAR decreases gas loading of a SWIL at a given temperature and increases the rate of gas release compared to heating in the absence of anti-solvent.

Abstract: A method of purifying a hydrogen stream using an electrochemical cell having a tightly wound leak resistant metal spring and a hollow wet polymeric membrane located within and concentric with the metal spring which provides an inner compartment and an outer compartment. A porous metal electrode in a form of a tubular sintered metal filter is located within the inner compartment and is spaced from the hollow polymeric membrane. A gas inlet for feeding a hydrogen stream that is to be purified communicates with the inner compartment and a gas outlet is provided for passing purified hydrogen gas thru the metal spring. The electrode within the inner compartment is connected to an anode terminal of a dc supply with an electrical conductor and the metal spring is connected to a cathode terminal of the dc supply with another electrical conductor.

Abstract: A solvent system comprising a diluent and a nitrogenous base for the removal of CO2 from mixed gas streams is provided. Also provided is a process for removing CO2 from mixed gas streams using the disclosed solvent system. The solvent system may be utilized within a gas processing system.

Abstract: The present description is related to the field of hydrocarbon production by gasification of carbonaceous material. It provides a two-stage gas washing method as a part of gas refining. More specifically it discloses a method for hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide removal from synthesis gas produced by gasification. It introduces a use of a novel combination of wash approaches for this application. As a specific application, this process is utilized as a part of biomass to liquid (BTL) process.

Abstract: Promoter amines are used to enhance CO2 uptake by sterically hindered or tertiary amines. The promoter amines can be cyclic amines, including aromatic cyclic amines or bridged cyclic amines. The combination of a promoter amine plus a sterically hindered or tertiary amines allows for improved uptake kinetics while reducing or minimizing the amount of formation of carbamate salts. The promoted sterically hindered or tertiary amines can be used as part of a CO2 capture and release system that involves a phase transition from a solution of amine-CO2 products to a slurry of amine-CO2 precipitate solids.

Abstract: Methods of sequestering CO2 from a gaseous source of CO2 are provided. Aspects of the methods include employing an alkali enrichment protocol, such as a membrane mediated alkali enrichment protocol, in a CO2 sequestration protocol. Also provided are systems for practicing the methods.

Abstract: The nitric oxide reducing catalyst contains a negatively charged copper cluster.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure of the present invention includes a honeycomb structure body and a pair of electrode member arranged at a side surface of the honeycomb structure body. The honeycomb structure body has an electrical resistivity of 1 to 200 ?cm, and the respective pair of electrode members is formed into a band-like shape extending in a direction in which the cells extend. In a cross section perpendicular to the cell extending direction, one of the electrode members is arranged opposite to another of the electrode members sandwiching a center of the honeycomb structure body. One or more of slits, which being open to a side surface, are formed at the honeycomb structure body. At least the one slit is formed so as not to intersect with a straight line connecting center portions of the respective pair of electrode members in the cross section perpendicular to the cell extending direction.

Abstract: A honeycomb filter includes a plurality of cells and porous cell walls. Exhaust gas is to flow through the plurality of cells. The plurality of cells include exhaust gas introduction cells and exhaust gas emission cells. The honeycomb filter has a round cross sectional shape. The honeycomb filter has a ratio of length of the honeycomb filter to a diameter of the round cross sectional shape of less than 1.0. A total volume of the exhaust gas introduction cells is larger than a total volume of the exhaust gas emission cells.

Abstract: In one embodiment, this invention relates to an electrodialysis device comprising an inlet for directing a feed stream into a plurality of first feed paths and a plurality of second feed paths; the feed stream is comprised of a first anionic scaling species and a first cationic scaling species; the first cationic scaling species is transferred from the second feed paths to the first feed paths through a first membrane group, the first anionic scaling species is transferred from the first feed paths to the second feed paths through the first membrane group. In another embodiment, this invention relates to a method for passivating scaling species in an electrodialysis device.

Abstract: There is provided a hollow fiber membrane module including a cylindrical case having at least a discharge port for raw water in a side face thereof; a fixing member to which open ends of a large number of hollow fiber membranes forming a hollow fiber membrane bundle housed inside the cylindrical case are fixed; and a flow straightening cylinder which is provided between the discharge port for the raw water and an outer periphery of the hollow fiber membrane bundle, which is fixed to the fixing member, and which has a plurality of flow straightening holes. The flow straightening cylinder includes a large inner diameter portion and a small inner diameter portion and the small inner diameter portion is mounted to the fixing member with a lower face of the fixing member positioned at the small inner diameter portion.

Abstract: A robust crossflow filtration cassette holder, allowing easy mounting and removal of filtration cassettes. The cassette holder comprises a distributor plate, an end-plate, a plurality of essentially parallel tie rods connecting the distributor plate with the end-plate, and a compression plate slidably mounted on the tie rods between the distributor plate and the end plate, wherein at least one of the tie rods is movable in its entirety between an open position or orientation, allowing mounting or removal of a filtration cassette, and a closed position or orientation, in which the movable tie rod is in engaged connection with the cassette and locks it in the holder by a locking means.

Abstract: A composition for treating a water system or membrane fluid system, such as a reverse osmosis system, to remove scale, microorganisms and biofilm, and corrosion by-products. The composition comprises chelating agents and a surfactant. The composition may be a solid dissolved by water or solvent in the system being treated or may be a pre-mixed foam or aerosol. A method for using such a treatment composition comprises contacting the treatment composition with substantially all parts of the water system and draining the treatment composition from the system before resuming normal operations. For certain systems, the method also comprises draining some existing water in the water system to remove prior treatment compositions and filling or rinsing the system with fresh water prior to adding the treatment composition.

Abstract: An automated test apparatus for risk and integrity testing for pharmaceutical filtration membranes, including at least the following components: a liquid injection inlet, a pump, a fluid pressure gauge, a gas pressure gauge, a plurality of solenoid valves, a plurality of membranes, a gas pressure regulator valve, a pharmaceutical product bottle, and a bubble generation bottle. The automated test apparatus of the present invention is controlled by computer software in connection with an automatic pharmaceutical synthesis apparatus for automated testing. In use of the automated test apparatus of the present invention, it needs only to start the operating system of the automated test apparatus for membrane risk and integrity test after the completion of the automatic pharmaceutical synthesis. The membrane risk and integrity test can be accomplished in a short time by measuring pressures of gas and liquid with pressure gauges deposed online concurrently.

Abstract: The invention discloses a biocompatible semi-permeable membrane. The semi-permeable membrane is manufactured by: providing an eggshell membrane; and immersing the eggshell membrane in an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution with a concentration of 0.35 to 35% for 8 to 144 hours.

Abstract: A membrane filter 26 is disclosed comprising cellulous material 23 allowing the transition of fluid therethrough, and, in a substantially dry state, said membrane comprising also a salt of deoxycholic acid. Optionally, the air side of the membrane (the side facing away from the screen or belt used to manufacture the membrane) faces the sample fluid during use of the membrane. A method of manufacture of the membrane material is disclosed also, employing deoxycholic acid as a surfactant, to improve the recovery rate of the membrane filter in use.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer membrane composition having improved water flux and stable pore size. The water flux is improved by increasing the hydrophilicity of the membrane using a matrix polymer blended with controlled architecture amphiphilic block copolymers. Preferred membranes are those having a fluoropolymer matrix and acrylic amphiphilic block copolymers. The addition of the amphiphilic block copolymers are especially useful in microfiltration and ultra filtration membranes when used in water filtration.

Abstract: A method for causing exhaust gas flow to flow at least 270 degrees in a first direction about a perforated tube using a baffle plate having a main body with a plurality of flow-through openings and a plurality of louvers positioned adjacent to the flow-through openings. The method includes deflecting a first portion of the exhaust gas flow with the main body of the baffle plate. The method also includes allowing a second portion of the exhaust gas flow to flow through the flow-through openings of the baffle plate. The method also deflects the second portion of the exhaust gas flow at a downstream side of the main body with the louvers hereby causing the second portion of the exhaust gas flow to flow in the first direction about the perforated tube.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stirrer having grooves formed on the inside of a container in order to improve the degree of mixing, and the stirrer which is provided comprises: a plurality of projections formed on the inner surface of a stirrer container; and a plurality of grooves formed between the plurality of projections.

Abstract: A kneading apparatus has two rotary shafts mounted to undergo rotation in opposite directions at unequal speeds. Cubic-shaped kneading members having the same shape and size are detachably mounted to the rotary shafts so as to be arranged helically with an inverse helix from each other at a predetermined helical pitch and at predetermined angular pitch intervals for kneading an object during rotation of the rotary shafts. Each kneading member has side surfaces extending parallel to a rotational axis of the rotary shaft and front and rear surfaces extending perpendicular to the rotational axis. The side surfaces of each kneading member is curved in the shape of a concave. The rotary shafts are disposed close to one another so that tips of the kneading members on one of the rotary shafts enter into the concave curved surfaces of the opposing kneading members of the other of the rotary shafts without the opposing kneading members contacting one another during rotation of the rotary shafts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to containers for holding liquid samples. The containers may be useful for mixing a liquid sample or lysing cells in a liquid sample. The invention also relates to methods of using the containers of the invention.

Abstract: An abrasive particle including a shaped abrasive particle having a body and a plurality of abrasive particles bonded to at least one surface of the body of the shaped abrasive particle.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. A hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to another hydrocarbon process.

Abstract: Methods of forming polycrystalline diamond compacts include employing field assisted sintering techniques with high temperature and high pressure sintering techniques. For example, a particle mixture that includes diamond particles may be sintered by subjecting the particle mixture to a high temperature and high pressure sintering cycle, and pulsing direct electrical current through the particle mixture during at least a portion of the high temperature and high pressure sintering cycle. The polycrystalline diamond compacts may be used to form cutting elements for earth-boring tools. Sintering systems are configured to perform such sintering processes.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to the upgrading of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock. The systems of the present disclosure provides for improved reactor geometries to create more efficient processing and upgrading of the feedstocks. The reactor geometry may be varied by the addition of periodic bumps on the reactor walls and/or by the tapering of the diameter of the upflow reactor.

Abstract: A fluidized catalyst stripping unit for displacing entrained gas from catalyst particles comprising: a vessel housing a two stage cyclonic separation section which comprises one or more primary cyclonic separation devices and one or more secondary cyclones; a stripping section which comprises internals; and an inlet in fluid communication with a catalytic reactor to feed a particulate-fluid suspension to the two stage cyclonic separation section; wherein each primary cyclonic separation device comprises an internal cylindrical surface to separate a major fraction of the particulates from the suspension and form a vortex of reduced particulate content; a particulate discharge outlet from each secondary cyclone to the stripping section; wherein the particulate discharge outlet of the secondary cyclone is submerged in a catalyst bed located above the stripper internals, and wherein the stripping section comprises one or more bubble breaking grids within the catalyst bed and above the stripping internals is provi

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antibubble generator and a preparation method. The antibubble preparation method includes: generating a jet flow or droplets in a discrete phase from a first fluid through a gas phase; and under the action of an external force, the jet flow or droplets passing through a liquid membrane and moving towards a second fluid in a continuous phase, to form antibubbles. The present invention can generate a large number of antibubbles in a simple and convenient way, and can meet the needs of large-scale industrial applications.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally pertains to systems and methods for the chemical synthesis of micro-quantities of oligonucleotides or other chemical molecules. The system includes a reusable glass micro-reactor containing a paramagnetic solid support, a magnet, an electronic drive controller and an optical spectroscopy system capable of driving a plurality individual reactors. The system utilizes the electroosmotic movement of reactants through microfluidic channels. Spectrophotometric monitoring of the reaction products allows for the real-time determination of synthesis yield.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to insulation components and their use, e.g., in regenerative reactors. Specifically, a process and apparatus for managing temperatures from oxidation and pyrolysis reactions in a reactor, e.g., a thermally regeneratating reactor, such as a regenerative, reverse-flow reactor is described in relation to the various reactor components.

Abstract: Novel nail gel curing devices and methods of their use are disclosed. Novel shields for nail gel curing devices and methods of their use are also disclosed. The devices and shields are useful for curing nail gels and more particularly where light emitting diode “LED” equipped devices are used to cure UV-VIS curable nail gel resins.

Abstract: A reaction product of silicious material, aluminum metal, and an aqueous solution is disclosed. The reaction product may be used to form a sorbent that is used to purify water of contaminants such as biological matter, dyes, soluble metals, arsenic, or radioactive elements. Additives may be added to the reaction product to further improve the sorption qualities of the sorbent. Water purification devices having the sorbent are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to zeolite adsorbents based on agglomerated crystals of zeolite EMT comprising barium and/or potassium. These adsorbents find applications in the separation of aromatic C8 isomer fractions, especially of xylenes, in the separation of substituted toluene isomers, such as nitrotoluene, diethyltoluene and toluenediamine, and in the separation of cresols, and in the separation of polyhydric alcohols, such as sugars.

Abstract: The present invention provides metal-organic materials, more specifically organometallic polymers, comprising polypyridyl organic ligands such as tetrakis(4-(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)phenyl)methane, tetrakis(4-(2-(pyridin-4-yl)vinyl)phenyl)methane, 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(4-(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)phenyl)adamantane or 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(4-(2-(pyridine-4-yl)vinyl)phenyl) adamantine, and metal ions structurally coordinated with said ligands, and having three-dimensional crystalline micro or sub-micro structure; as well as a method for the preparation thereof. These metal-organic materials are useful as adsorbents in processes for gas adsorption or separation.

Abstract: In one aspect, structural catalyst bodies comprising one or more gradients of catalytic material are provided herein. In some embodiments, a structural catalyst body described herein comprises an inner partition wall having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, the inner partition wall having a gradient of catalytic material along the width of the inner partition wall.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst for treating an exhaust gas from a compression ignition engine, which oxidation catalyst comprises: a first washcoat region comprising platinum (Pt) and a first support material, wherein the first washcoat region is substantially free of a hydrocarbon adsorbent; a second washcoat region comprising platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and a second support material, wherein the second washcoat region has a ratio by mass of platinum (Pt) to palladium (Pd) of 4:1 to 1:1; a hydrocarbon adsorbent; and a substrate; wherein the first washcoat region is arranged to contact inlet exhaust gas before the hydrocarbon adsorbent, and the first washcoat region is arranged to contact inlet exhaust gas before the second washcoat region.

Abstract: Provided is an exhaust-gas-purification catalyst carrier that contains a ceria-zirconia complex oxide having a pyrochlore phase and a novel exhaust-gas-purification catalyst carrier that exhibit excellent OSC performance at any temperature region of a low temperature (around 400° C.) and a high temperature (around 800° C.). Proposed is the exhaust-gas-purification catalyst carrier containing a ceria-zirconia complex oxide which has a pyrochlore phase and is 7.0 m2/g or more in specific surface area and in the range of 100 ? to 700 ? in crystallite size.

Abstract: Conventionally, a silver-cerium oxide composite containing a silver particle and cerium oxide covering the surface of the silver particle has been synthesized through a multi-stage process, and is disadvantageous not only in that there is a need to use an organic solvent and a surfactant, causing the time and cost to be increased, but also in that there is a possibility that fulminating silver is formed, leading to a problem about the safety. A method for producing a catalyst having a silver-cerium oxide composite and an alkaline carrier having supported thereon the oxide composite, the silver-cerium oxide composite containing a silver particle and cerium oxide covering the surface of the silver particle, the method having preparing a mixture containing a silver compound, a cerium compound, and an alkaline carrier, and drying the mixture is provided.

Abstract: A three-way catalyst composition, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The three-way catalyst composition comprises rhodium, a cerium-containing oxide, and a supported palladium component. The supported palladium component comprises palladium, barium, and cobalt and alumina. The three-way catalyst composition shows improved light-off performance.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions, methods of making catalysts, and methods of conducting Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reactions are described. It has been discovered that a combination of large crystallite size and high porosity results in catalysts and FT catalyst systems with high stability and low methane selectivity.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst includes a nickel-containing material, a manganese-containing material and a bromine-containing material, wherein the molar number of the element bromine (Br) in the oxidation catalyst to the total molar number of the element nickel (Ni) and the element manganese (Mn) in the oxidation catalyst substantially ranges from 0.01 to 7.5.

Abstract: Provided are a polymer capsule loaded with transition metal particles having excellent water dispersibility and stability, and a method for preparing the same. Specifically, the polymer capsule loaded with transition metal particles according to the present invention includes a surface-modified polymer capsule surface-modified to thereby have a positive zeta potential in a dispersed state in water; and transition metal particles loaded on a surface of the surface-modified polymer capsule. In addition, a method for preparing a polymer capsule loaded with transition metal particles according to the present invention includes a) preparing a polymer capsule; b) surface-modifying the polymer capsule to prepare a polymer capsule having a positive zeta potential in a dispersed state in water; and c) sequentially adding a water-soluble transition metal precursor and a reducing agent to a water dispersion of the surface-modified polymer capsule obtained in step b).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are catalyst compositions containing a heteroatomic ligand transition metal compound complex, a chemically-treated solid oxide, and an organoaluminum compound. These catalyst compositions can be used in an ethylene oligomerization process to produce a liquid oligomer product containing hexene and octene, as well as a solid polymer product with a molecular weight sufficiently high to permit easy separation of the liquid oligomer product from the solid polymer product.

Abstract: Heterogeneous iridium catalysts for nuclear spin polarization enhancement in solution via signal amplification by reversible exchange are provided. Also provided are methods for preparing heterogeneous iridium catalysts, and methods of using heterogeneous iridium catalysts for nuclear spin polarization enhancement in solution via signal amplification by reversible exchange.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a new organic phosphorus ligand that can efficiently promote cross-coupling reaction to obtain the target substance at high yield, as well as a method of manufacturing such ligand whose steric characteristics and electronic characteristics can be fine-tuned and which can be used to cause cross-coupling reaction at high yield. As a means for achieving the aforementioned object, a phosphine compound expressed by General Formula (1) below is provided. (In the formula, R1 and R2 are each independently a secondary alkyl group, tertiary alkyl group, or cycloalkyl group, while R3 and R4 are each independently a hydrogen, aliphatic group, heteroaliphatic group, aromatic group, alicyclic group, or heterocyclic group. Note that R3 and R4 have no phosphorus atom and that R3 and R4 are not both hydrogen at the same time).

Abstract: Disclosed are a catalyst composition containing a phosphorous-based ligand and a hydroformylation process using the same. More specifically, disclosed are a catalyst composition containing a monodentate phosphite ligand, a monodentate phosphine ligand and a transition metal catalyst, wherein the total content of the entire ligand including the monodentate phosphite ligand and the monodentate phosphine ligand is 1 to 33 moles, based on 1 mole of the transition metal catalyst, and a hydroformylation method using the same. The present invention has an effect of providing a catalyst composition which reduces an N/I (ratio of normal to iso) selectivity of aldehydes produced by hydroformylation of an olefin-based compound and exhibits superior catalytic activity and stability, and a hydroformylation method of an olefin-based compound using the catalyst composition.