Abstract: A spin speed measuring device almost free of malfunction is provided at low cost. The spin speed measuring device includes a casing, a spinning body pivotally supported in the casing, a pinion gear configured to spin together with the spinning body, a belt having a rack and a plurality of indicators, the rack being configured to mesh with the pinion gear, and a detector attached to the casing to detect the indicator passing by. The spin speed measuring device measures the spin speed of the spinning body. A spin speed of the spinning body is calculated from a time period from when one of the indicators passes by to when another one of the indicators passes by, the time period being obtained using signals output from the detector.

Abstract: A mechanical spinning toy provides a rectangular body, with a cylindrical handle protruding perpendicularly from the center of each long side. The handles provide an axis of rotation for a swing, with two arms extending down the long sides of the body and terminating in a plate with a narrow clearance from the end of the body. The swing rotates easily around the axis of the handles in a 360° arc. An aperture extends longitudinally through the centerline of the body, containing a cylindrical stopper head. A simple mechanism causes the stopper head to protrude a short distance from one end of the body or the other, and may be retracted with a quick twist of the user's wrists or a quick press of the user's thumb. This enables the swing to continue rotating around the body.

Abstract: An input device includes actuating pieces and keys. The actuating pieces are disposed inside a case and have portions disposed along a first direction at predetermined intervals. The portions are movable toward and away from each other and are urged closer to each other by a predetermined urging force. The keys are insertable in the first direction into a key hole in the case. The actuating pieces respectively include pressure receivers which are disposed without overlap in the first direction. Each key includes a pusher which selectively pushes the pressure receiver of at least one of the actuating pieces as a result of insertion of the key into the key hole and moves the actuating piece corresponding to the pushed pressure receiver in a direction against the predetermined urging force.

Abstract: A building toy and a method of building with it. The toy is designed to be constructed of a rigid and generally non-deformable material such as but not limited to, wood and particularly hardwood, and is constructed in the fashion of a log-style building toy. The toy utilizes interconnecting notches in its construction, but provides for a variety of specialized pieces which allow for interconnection of parts where there is one notch but not another, as well as the ability to build roofs, floors, and specialty structures such as fireplaces through the use of specialized components. Further, the use of more strongly connecting components allows for stronger structures to be built.

Abstract: A pairing block set has a right-hand toy block and a left-hand toy block, each of mutual, mirror symmetry and optionally incorporating a system of eight abutment points to each engaged studs on its mating block upon assembling. By providing two different layouts—one for the odd number, and one for the even number tier toy block groups respectively, using a combination of the pairing block set and other commonly seen basic type of blocks for each tier groups, and after stacking up tiers of block groups by different layouts alternatingly, in a tier-to-tier mutual interlocking manner, a structurally sound assembly of an oblique sided structure can be built with smoothly lined sides or walls. A plurality of latches is left at both ends of the assembly, to be further interlocked with its neighboring, mating toy blocks of the intended final structure.

Abstract: A system for removing high purity salt from a brine. One system includes a first evaporator configured to receive a brine stream, to produce a first output comprising a sodium chloride slurry, and to produce a first intermediate output. The system also includes a second evaporator fluidly coupled to the first evaporator and configured to receive the first intermediate output, to produce a first recovery output, and to produce a second intermediate output. The system includes a third evaporator fluidly coupled to the second evaporator and configured to receive the second intermediate output and to produce a second recovery output. The first recovery output and the second recovery output are used to produce the brine stream received by the first evaporator.

Abstract: A cryopump includes a low-temperature cryopanel, a high-temperature cryopanel provided outside the low-temperature cryopanel, and a housing provided outside the high-temperature cryopanel. The high-temperature cryopanel includes an extension panel extending outward. The housing includes an inlet flange surrounding the extension panel.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods of neutralizing apatite surfaces, for example after a flow-through collection of a target and prior to cleaning the chromatography solid support.

Abstract: A new device and method for separating all phases of a three-phase fluid of the crude oil type, by means of a two-phase fluid separating device provided with a “T” joint for splitting the feed flow. The invention allows the conversion of two-phase separator into a three-phase fluid separating device, updating its functionality, increasing service life, using most of the original parts and components.

Abstract: A continuous centrifugal separator (CCS) system provides a laminar, annular, velocity distribution (LAVD) throughout, using axially staged and radially staged distribution of incoming flows. Diffuser plates help establish the LAVD at comparatively low (stably laminar) Reynolds numbers in axial flow through a trapezoidal (trapezoid of rotation) rotor shell. Dynamic cleaning (during uninterrupted operation) by feedback control of fluid and system conditions (e.g., turbidity, vibration) may be set and reset by feedback control. Static cleaning removes deposits not flushed by dynamic cleaning. A coalescence plate encourages collapse of the dispersion band to a thin boundary between separated species at a central radius optimized by operating parameters, such as mass flow rate and rotational velocity.

Abstract: A system comprises: a filter for removing at least one of a contaminant or gas bubbles from a liquid photoresist to provide a filtered photoresist at an outlet of the filter. The filter has a filter vent. A trap has an inlet coupled to receive the filtered photoresist from the filter, for removing a remaining contaminant or gas bubbles from the filtered photoresist. One or more valves and one or more conduits are connected to the filter and the trap. The one or more valves are operable to reverse a direction of flow of the filtered photoresist, so that the photoresist flows from the inlet of the trap, through the outlet of the filter, to the filter vent.

Abstract: A filter assembly, a filter cartridge and method of filter fluid are provided. The filter assembly includes a filter base, a filter housing and a filter cartridge within the housing. The filter cartridge strips water from the dirty fluid flowing through the assembly. The filter cartridge defines a pair of fluid flow paths extending through a central cavity thereof. The fluid flow paths carry and keep separated a flow of cleaned fluid after it passes through filter media of the cartridge as well as the water that has been stripped from the dirty fluid flow.

Abstract: A water filter cartridge has an end cap with separate inlet and outlet nozzles connected to the end of a cylindrical tube that extends from the end cap. The nozzles are slanted and laterally offset from the cylindrical tube. A cam surface on the outer side of the nozzles actuates valves in a mating manifold. The passage in the nozzles is conical, expanding toward the nozzle end and opening onto a portion of the nozzle side to form a sharper tip. Expanding ice pushes itself out of the conical passage and facilitates ice removal. The narrow end of the conical passage facilitates breakage and removal of ice from the nozzle.

Abstract: A gas-liquid separator comprises a housing having an inlet for receiving a gas-liquid stream and an outlet for discharging a gas stream. An impactor nozzle structure is supported by the housing and situated downstream of the inlet. The impactor nozzle structure receives the gas-liquid stream and accelerates the gas-liquid stream through an orifice that extends through the impactor nozzle structure. An impaction surface is supported by the housing and situated downstream of the orifice. The impaction surface receives the accelerated gas-liquid stream and causes separation of liquid particles from the gas-liquid stream so as to produce the gas stream, and a baffle situated downstream of the impaction surface modifies a flow of the gas stream so as to reduce carryover of liquid particles in the gas stream. A shroud for an inertial impactor gas-liquid separator is disclosed. A method for separating liquid particles from a gas-liquid stream is disclosed.

Abstract: A filter element includes a first bellows which is produced from a first filter medium, in view of the object of providing a filter element which after some service life can be readily modified in such a manner that said filter element again achieves an adequate filtration effect, is characterized in that a second bellows which is produced from a second filter medium is provided, wherein the second bellows is inserted into a recess of the first bellows and the periphery of the second bellows is partly or completely surrounded by the first bellows or wherein the second bellows is placed onto the first bellows in such a manner that the recess is covered by the second bellows and the fold tips of the bellows are aligned with one another.

Abstract: Assemblies, features, and techniques for pulse jet air cleaner assemblies and their operation are described. Techniques described include methodology and equipment for preferred pulse jet sequencing and operation.

Abstract: A V-type filter frame is disclosed for receiving a filter media pack. The V-type filter frame is arranged to be mounted to a filter bank grid and includes first and second gable plates and a front plate coupled thereto. The gable plates each include an abutment surface extending outwardly from an outer surface arranged to abut a filter bank grid when mounted thereto. A filter frame assembly and a method for assembling a filter bank are also disclosed.

Abstract: A filter cartridge for use in separating a hydrophobic liquid aerosol phase from a gas stream, as a crankcase ventilation filter for example, is described. The cartridge includes a media pack comprising filtration media surrounding an open interior and a first end piece. Various structure included on the first end piece is described. An example is a D-shaped projection. Also described is an assembly including the filter cartridge, specific features of a housing component of the assembly. Methods of assembly and use are also described.

Abstract: An air cleaner of this disclosure includes a hollow case, a filter element, and an opening end member. The hollow case defines an expanded space; the filter element defines an upstream-side expanded space and a downstream-side expanded space in the expanded space; the case includes an intake port configured to bring an upstream-side duct into communication with the upstream-side expanded space; the opening end member is formed from a material having an air permeability in a range of 0.3 to 100 sec/300 cc, and is integrated on an inner side of the intake port so as to project into the upstream-side expanded space and so as to extend a duct wall of the intake port; and D representing a diameter of the opening end member and L representing a length thereof satisfy 0.25D?L?2.0D.

Abstract: A method for air purification is disclosed, comprising directing air through a particle removal filter that acts to filter the air for particle phase pollutants to thereby produce particulate filtered air; and directing an amount of the particulate filtered air through a gas removal filter that acts to filter the particulate filtered air for gas phase pollutants to thereby produce gas filtered air; the particle removal filter with the first blower and the gas removal filter with the second blower are housed in different enclosures and they are allowed to operate in a way that; the two different units are selectable to operate separately without connection in a first mode, and to operate together connectively in a second mode; when the two different units are selected to operate together connectively in the second mode, the amount of particulate filtered air directed through the gas removal filter is based on a concentration of particle phase pollutants in the air.

Abstract: An air purifying device includes an air purifier mechanism, a controller, and a sensing device configured to detect one or more conditions in a predetermined area proximate the air purifying device. The controller is configured to receive an input to select one of the predetermined operational settings to govern the operation of the air purifier mechanism. The air purifier mechanism is configured to operate in at least one of a plurality of modes of operation in each of its predetermined operational setting. The controller is configured to change modes of operation of the air purifier mechanism from a first mode of operation to a second mode of operation in response to its sensing device detecting a change in said one or more conditions in the predetermined area and based on the selected predetermined operational setting.

Abstract: A fuel tank cap includes a casing; a main chamber disposed in the casing; a vapor vent channel disposed in the casing and communicating with the main chamber; annular partition walls disposed in the main chamber and configured to divide the main chamber into troughs, each partition wall including a cut so that the troughs are capable of communicating with each other via the cut; and activated carbon filled in the troughs. The vapor vent channel includes the cuts and the troughs. The activated carbon captures fuel vapors and absorbs VOCs in the fuel vapors when the fuel vapors pass through the vapor vent channel. The invention eliminates the low efficiency problem of capturing the harmful VOCs of the fuel vapors by the conventional activated carbon canister.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for adsorbing water using a sealable housing containing a water adsorbing material and a heat pump.

Abstract: An integrated device for removal of both liquid-containing droplets and pollutants from a gas stream includes a plurality of passageways and a plurality of exposed surface portions, different ones of the surface portions disposed along different ones of the plurality of passageways. The plurality of passageways include an inlet and an outlet for the flow of a gas stream therethrough, wherein each passageway includes at least one segment configured to perturb the flow of at least a portion of the gas stream between the inlet and the outlet. Such gas perturbation enhances gas stream contact with the exposed surfaces. Portions of the exposed surfaces comprise a sorbent-polymer-composite material adapted for contact conversion of sulfur oxides to sulfuric acid droplets. The exposed surfaces are disposed to enhance the removal of liquid-containing droplets and contact conversion of sulfur oxides to sulfuric acid droplets.

Abstract: Adsorbent materials comprising a core, for example CHA, and at least one coating, for example DDR, are provided herein. Adsorbent contactors and gas separation processes using the adsorbent materials are also provided herein.

Abstract: A spray dryer absorber operative for removing gaseous pollutants from a hot process flue gas and a vibrator device for removing accumulated deposits therefrom is provided. The spray dryer absorber includes a spray dryer chamber equipped with a plurality of dispersers and atomizers mounted at a roof of the spray dryer chamber. The vibrator device is operative to remove accumulated deposits from the spray dryer absorber and its components, such as its dispersers and atomizers, to avoid spray dryer absorber performance interference caused by such deposit accumulations.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide capture system includes: a washing unit which uses cleaning water to clean absorption unit exhaust gas or stripping unit exhaust gas; and a gas-liquid separation device which allows condensed water generated by cooling washing unit exhaust gas to be separated from the washing unit exhaust gas. The condensed water is mixed into the cleaning water by a condensed water line. If the amount of the cleaning water becomes more than a predetermined amount, the cleaning water is mixed into an absorbing liquid by a cleaning water line. A controller controls a condensed water valve.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cleaning and recycling stack gas from coal-fired power plants, from natural or propane burning heating plants, or from cement kilns by using renewable catalysts of zeolite to separate pollutants into recyclable and reusable materials. The method reduces from the stack gas carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NOx), sulfur oxide (SOx) as well as halogens such as chloride and fluorides and trace metals particularly, mercury, lead, and zinc. The method and apparatus also result in production of fertilizer products by purging with gaseous or liquid nitrogen the zeolite beds through which the stack gas flows. The oxygen generated may be recycled to the burners in the plant.

Abstract: Provided is a novel palladium catalyst capable of efficiently purifying carbon monoxide (CO) and total hydrocarbons (THC) under a fuel-rich atmosphere even when palladium (Pd) is used as a catalyst active component. Proposed is a palladium monolayer catalyst for an exhaust gas from a saddle-riding-type vehicle, which is an exhaust gas purification catalyst for a saddle-riding-type vehicle to be installed in an exhaust gas passage in an internal combustion engine. The palladium monolayer catalyst includes a substrate, and a catalyst layer that has the form of a monolayer and contains palladium acting as a catalyst active component, an inorganic porous body acting as a catalyst carrier, ceria (CeO2) particles acting as a promoter component, and barium.

Abstract: In a process for manufacturing a catalytic converter component, a ceramic unit is used that has been prepared by extruding green ceramic product through a die to form an extrusion having a honeycomb substrate structure in which tubular passages extend along the extrusion, the passages bounded by walls dividing adjacent passages from one another. The unit is obtained by cutting off a length of the extrusion and curing and firing it. The process further comprises flowing insulation material from one end of the unit into selected ones of the elongate passages, vaporizing a moisture content of the insulation material to form pores and curing the insulation material by using microwave irradiation to solidify the pores. The passages are selected so that the cured insulation material forms an internal thermal insulating barrier between a core zone of the unit and a radially outer zone of the unit.

Abstract: A motor vehicle emission control system includes a three zone catalytic converter component having a honeycomb support body with catalytically active coating having a precious metal content applied on the channel walls. The first coating zone extends in the longitudinal direction from the inlet-side end to a first coating boundary and has a first precious metal content. The second coating zone extends in the longitudinal direction from the first coating boundary to a second coating boundary situated downstream from the first coating boundary and has a second precious metal content that is lower than the first precious metal content. The third coating zone extends from the second coating boundary to the outlet-side end and has a third precious metal content that is lower than the second precious metal content. The coating has oxidation catalyst activity and is free of rhodium.

Abstract: A determination of a quality of a reducing agent solution containing ammonia used to reduce nitrogen oxides involves actuating a metering unit that delivers metered quantities of reducing agent solution into an engine's discharged exhaust gas and determining an efficiency value that is at least correlated with the efficiency of the SCR catalytic converter and comparing the efficiency value to a predefinable limit value. If an efficiency value not corresponding to proper functioning of the SCR exhaust emission control system is identified by the comparison, a switch is made to a diagnostic mode in a second method step. If a predefinable deviation of the efficiency value from a limit value is identified after expiration of the second method step time period, a third method step is performed for conditioning the SCR catalytic converter. A fourth step involves an adaptation mode in which a deviation from the efficiency value is determined.

Abstract: In a process for the purification of a liquid-crystal mixture (7), the liquid-crystal mixture (7) is passed through a first electrodialysis cell (2) and a concentrate solution (14) is passed through a second electrodialysis cell (8) which is adjacent to the first electrodialysis cell (2) and is separated by an ion-exchanger membrane (9), and an electric field transverse to a direction of passage of the liquid-crystal mixture (7) through the first electrodialysis cell (2) is generated with the aid of an anode/cathode arrangement (15, 16) arranged outside the electrodialysis cells (2, 8) so that ionized constituents of the liquid-crystal mixture (7) are discharged at the ion-exchanger membrane (9) and removed from the liquid-crystal mixture (7).

Abstract: A filtration material having a second fibrous layer (downstream drainage layer) with a length that is shorter than the length of the first fibrous material (upstream drainage layer) is provided. At least the first fibrous material is meltable. In forming the filtration material, the second fibrous layer may be cut to a predetermined length while the porous membrane and the first fibrous layer maintain their length. The length of the second fibrous layer may be substantially the same as the length of the outer cage. The filtration material is disposed within the outer cage such that the first fibrous layer and the porous membrane protrude from the cage member. When positioning an end cap onto the filtration material, heat is applied and the first fibrous layer melts and bonds to the end cap at a melt interface. The filtration material is free from thermoplastic strips and imbibed thermoplastic material(s).

Abstract: A vacuum filter device comprising a filter body having two holders on opposite sides of a filter. Each holder contains a closed container in a fluid-tight, sealed relationship. The filter is retained by a compression sealing element and the sealing element is maintained in place by a compression element formed of a ring. The compression element is bonded to a portion of the body to hold it, the sealing element and filter in place under a compression seal. Optionally a port in the compression element is formed to align with the vent of the device. Further, an alignment feature on the compression element ensures the port is in alignment with the vent of the device. The device also includes a vacuum port communicating with the downstream side of the filter, and hence the filtrate container.

Abstract: Parallel membrane elements are arranged in parallel within a pressure vessel. A sealing body is disposed within the pressure vessel and is compressed against an inner surface of the pressure vessel to provide a leak-right seal in between a feed gas side of the sealing body and a non-permeate side of the sealing body. The sealing body may be slid within the pressure vessel without damaging the sealing body and in all cases without requiring mechanical assistance.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for monitoring, controlling and optimizing fouling of a two side membrane fouling process. The method for monitoring fouling of a two side membrane fouling process can include determining the process model for the two side membrane fouling process. The parameters of the process model can be grouped based on the interactions thereof between the parameters so as to form one or more groups of parameters. At least one key performance index is estimated in relation to one or more groups of parameters. The fouling of the two side membrane fouling process is monitored correspondingly in relation to at least one key performance index.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparation of a highly permeable thin film composite membranes for nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and forward osmosis, particularly for reverse osmosis of brackish water. The process includes treating a prepared TFC membrane containing a discrimination layer on a frontside, a support layer, and a felt layer on the backside by contacting the backside of TFC membrane with a solution containing a pore protection agent that includes a tertiary amine salt of camphorsulfonic acid prior to or at the same time as contacting the frontside of the membrane with a solution containing a coating agent and drying the membrane. Also provided are reverse osmosis membranes prepared in accord with the method, and modules containing the highly permeable thin film composite membranes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hollow fiber membrane having hexagonal voids, suitable for use in high throughput filtration applications. Thus, the membrane includes (i) an inner surface; (ii) an outer surface; and (iii) a porous bulk disposed therebetween, wherein the porous bulk comprises at least a first region including: a) a first set of pores having a first controlled pore size and having outer rims; b) a second set of pores connecting the outer rims of the first set of pores, wherein the pore size of the first set of pores is greater than the pore size of the second set of pores; and c) a polymer matrix supporting the first set of pores. Also disclosed is a method for preparing such hollow fiber membranes, which involves coating a filament with a coating composition that includes a membrane-forming polymer and dissolvable nanoparticles, followed by phase invention, and dissolving of the nanoparticles. The filament is removed to obtain the hollow fiber membrane.

Abstract: The mixing system for ready-to-use flush solutions is characterized by an RO system, a mixing unit that is connected to the RO system and that contains a mixing chamber, to which high-purity water can be fed from the RO system and flush solution concentrate can be fed from a concentrate source, and a flush solution link connector, wherein the RO system and the mixing unit form a filling station, a mobile flush solution container that contains a pressurized container that receives a flush solution bag that can be coupled to the flush solution link connector of the mixing unit, and a computer and control mechanism for all measurement and monitoring tasks during the local production of a flush solution, wherein the mobile flush solution container and the filling station are provided with sensors by means of which wireless communication is made possible between the mobile flush solution container and the filling station.

Abstract: A sterilizer apparatus for treating liquids, especially opaque and turbid ones characterized by a low UV radiation penetration depth, utilizing a novel tangential in-line mixer design inside an elongated reactor chamber built around an ultraviolet lamp. Other applications and adaptations of the presently disclosed apparatus include mixing fluids (including liquids and/or gases) as part of various industrial processes.

Abstract: A mixing system and mixing method are provided. The mixing system includes a tank assembly, a container positioned within the tank assembly, a mixer disposed within a compartment of the container, a linear motor, and a shaft having a first end secured to the mixer and an opposing second end secured to the linear motor. The linear motor provides a variable stroke length for the shaft. The mixing method includes providing a tank assembly having a linear motor, positioning a mixing assembly including a mixing bag in the tank assembly, combining two or more components in a compartment of the mixing bag, attaching a mixing shaft extending from a mixer disposed within the mixing bag to the linear motor, and raising and lowering the mixing shaft to mix the two or more components. A stroke length of the mixing shaft during the raising and lowering is varied.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing microcapsules having a calibrated diameter and at least one parameter characteristic of the mechanical properties of an equally calibrated microcapsule, characterized in that the method includes the steps of: producing microcapsules by means of injection into a microsystem (10) of three fluids (f1, f2, f3); deforming the microcapsules by means generating a flow within a capillary tube (20); observing and acquiring the outline of at least one deformed microcapsule observed by an optical acquisition means (30); comparing the acquired outline with outlines from a collection of reference microcapsule outlines; determining the diameter and said at least one parameter characteristic of the mechanical properties of the observed microcapsule; and modifying the flow rates (Q1, Q2, and/or Q3) of the fluids (f1, f2, f3). The present invention also relates to a system for producing calibrated microcapsules.

Abstract: A pulse jet system and method is disclosed. In an example, the pulse jet system includes a combustion chamber, intake ports to deliver combustion agents to the combustion chamber, an expansion chamber to cool a combustion product following combustion of the combustion agents in the combustion chamber, and an exhaust to exit the cooled gas from the expansion chamber. In another example, the pulse jet system includes a combustion chamber with intake ports to deliver combustion agents to the combustion chamber, wherein the combustion chamber is part of a four cycle engine. The pulse jet system also includes an expansion chamber to cool a combustion product following combustion of the combustion agents in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a microwave irradiating and heating device including: a reaction furnace (1) for containing a sample material (50) to be irradiated with microwave and to be heated; a polarization grid (2) provided for the reaction furnace (1); a microwave irradiating source (3) for emitting a linearly polarized microwave, the microwave irradiating source (3) being disposed outside the reaction furnace (1); and a reflector (4) for reflecting the microwave emitted from the microwave irradiating source (3) toward the reaction furnace (1) through the polarization grid (2), the reflector (4) being disposed above the reaction furnace (1), wherein the microwave irradiating source (3) is arranged in such a way that the polarization direction of the reflected microwave which is made incident upon the polarization grid (2) is perpendicular to an orientation of the polarization grid (2).

Abstract: A chemical manufacturing system is used in chemical reactions involving a gas, gases or liquid which is turned into a gas, reacting with a solid or liquid, inside a closed reactor system. The chemical manufacturing system is designed to produce highly reactive materials on an industrial scale in a controllable fashion. The modular design and shape of the reactor system and the controls of the system account for the differentiation and improvements over conventional reactor systems.

Abstract: A reforming device according to the present invention has a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a desulfurization device, a reformer, a raw material gas branching line that extracts a compressed natural gas from a downstream side of the desulfurization device with respect to the flow direction of the natural gas and supplies the natural gas to the reformer, and a flue gas discharging line that discharges a flue gas generated in the reformer, wherein the first heat exchanger is provided in the flue gas discharging line, and the flue gas is used as a heating medium of the compressed natural gas.

Abstract: A reactor includes a reaction-side flow passage through which a reaction fluid being a fluid constituting a reaction object flows; a temperature controller (heat-medium side flow passage) configured to heat or cool the reaction fluid from outside the reaction-side flow passage; and a catalyst configured to promote a reaction of the reaction fluid, the catalyst provided in the reaction-side flow passage so that a contact area with the reaction fluid is larger on a downstream side than on an upstream side in the reaction-side flow passage.

Abstract: A pyrolytic reactor comprising a fuel injection zone, a combustion zone adjacent to the fuel injections zone, an expansion zone adjacent to the combustion zone, a feedstock injection zone comprising a plurality of injection nozzles and disposed adjacent to the expansion zone, a mixing zone configured to mix a carrier stream and feed material and disposed adjacent to the feedstock injection zone, and a reaction zone adjacent to the mixing zone. The plurality of injection nozzles are radially distributed in a first assembly defining a first plane transverse to the feedstock injection zone and in a second assembly transverse to the feedstock injection zone.

Abstract: Provided is a granular activated carbon having many mesopores that can be used for applications similar to sine chloride-activated carbons, and also provided is a method for manufacturing the same. The granular activated carbon is obtained by bringing an activated carbon into contact with a calcium component, followed by activation and washing.