Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for improving engine knock tolerance, in particular when rapidly ramping in LP-EGR from low levels of EGR. Until a desired LP-EGR rate is achieved, fuel may be delivered as a split injection with at least an intake stroke injection and a compression stroke injection to compensate for the transport delay in EGR filling the intake system. Subsequently, single fuel injection may be resumed.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a control device, an EGR valve that adjusts an EGR rate, a PCV valve that adjusts an opening degree of a first PCV passage that communicates an inside of a crankcase and a downstream side of a throttle valve. The control device operates the throttle valve in a closing direction in response to a deceleration request. The control device adjusts an opening degree of the PCV valve based on an immediately preceding EGR rate immediately before reception of the deceleration request.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for detecting air-fuel ratio imbalances across all engine cylinders. In one example, a method (or system) may include indicating cylinder imbalance based on each of the exhaust air-fuel ratio, exhaust manifold pressure, and cylinder torque weighted by a confidence factor, where in the confidence factor is determined based on operating conditions.

Abstract: A method for identifying a longitudinal jerking of a motor vehicle is provided, wherein a wheel speed of a driven wheel and a wheel speed of a non-driven wheel are recorded and wherein the longitudinal jerking of the motor vehicle is detected on the basis of a change in the measured wheel speeds. The detection of the longitudinal jerking is improved by comparing the change in the wheel speed of the driven wheel with the change in the wheel speed of the non-driven wheel in order to detect a longitudinal jerking as a result of a vibration stimulation in the drive train.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a gasoline engine having a fuel injection means including an in-cylinder injection valve. The control apparatus comprises a controller configured to, when warming up an exhaust gas purification catalyst provided in an exhaust passage provided of the gasoline engine, control the fuel injection means to conduct one or more main injections, control the in-cylinder injection valve to conduct a post injection, perform a retard correction of an ignition timing at which fuel injected by the one or more main injections is ignited, determine an injection quantity by the one or more main injections and an injection quantity by the post injection such that an air-fuel mixture formed in the cylinder by gasoline fuel injected by the one or more main injections has a predetermined lean air-fuel ratio at which a difference between an actual output torque and a required torque is within a predetermined allowable range.

Abstract: A vehicle diagnosis system includes an abnormality determiner for determining whether a vehicle having an abnormality regarding a temporal engine stop function or a power regeneration function is caused in a mode that cancels a greenhouse gas reduction effect of the engine. When an abnormality that cancels, due to disablement of the temporal engine stop function or the power regeneration function, such an abnormality is quickly notified to a driver of the vehicle by the vehicle diagnosis system so that the abnormality is quickly fixed.

Abstract: A control system comprising a variable valve timing mechanism (B) able to set a closing timing of an intake valve (7), a fuel injector (13) for feeding fuel to a combustion chamber (5), an intake air amount detector (17) for detecting an amount of intake air fed to an intake passage from the outside air, and a pressure sensor (16) for detecting the pressure in the intake passage downstream of a throttle valve (16). When air in the combustion chamber (5) is blown back to the intake passage when injection of fuel is restarted after the fuel injection is stopped at the time of deceleration operation, the basis for calculation of the fuel injection amount in the initial cycle when fuel injection is restarted is switched from the amount of intake air detected by the intake air amount detector (17) to the pressure in the intake passage detected by the pressure sensor (18).

Abstract: An engine control system for an internal combustion engine may include at least one energy harvesting module with at least one energy converter and at least one energy module for transmitting electric energy, and at least one sensor for detecting a physical or chemical measurement quantity on or in an engine component. The engine control system may also include a microcontroller connected to the sensor and the radio module and for processing the measurement quantity, a radio module for a wireless transmission of the measurement quantity to a radio receiver, and an engine control unit connected to the radio receiver and configured to evaluate incoming measurement quantities from the radio module, process the incoming measurement quantities into control signals, and transmit the control signals to the internal combustion engine for protecting the engine component. The energy module may be connected at least to the microcontroller and the radio module.

Abstract: A vehicle control system includes a processor programmed to control a vehicle subsystem according to a recovered signal generated from an output signal of a sensor, and a product of a time constant of the sensor and filtered changes of the output signal with respect to time such that a magnitude and phase of the recovered signal approach a magnitude and phase of an input signal to the sensor.

Abstract: An engine control system of a vehicle includes a fuel control module that controls fuel injection of a first cylinder of an engine based on a first target air/fuel ratio that is fuel lean relative to a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio and that controls fuel injection of a second cylinder of the engine based on a second target air/fuel ratio that is fuel rich relative to stoichiometry. The first cylinder outputs exhaust to a first three way catalyst (TWC), and the second cylinder outputs exhaust to an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve. An EGR control module controls opening of the EGR valve to: (i) a second TWC that reacts with nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust and outputs ammonia to a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst; and (ii) a conduit that recirculates exhaust back to an intake system of the engine.

Abstract: A device for a common rail diesel engine can control an engine phase when the engine is stopped so the engine can be restarted quickly. An engine phase determining means determines an engine phase based on a crank angle and an angle of a camshaft, an engine stop position determining means stores a stopping time spent from the issuance of an engine stop request to the stop of the engine and obtains an engine phase when the engine is stopped based on the engine phase, resulting when the engine stop is requested, and the stopping time, and an at-time-of-stopping injector control means controls fuel injected from the fuel injectors so the engine phase obtained by the engine stop position determining means when the engine is stopped after making the engine stop request allows a piston in a specific cylinder to stop at a bottom dead center of a compression stroke.

Abstract: A direct fuel injection internal combustion engine having an injector for directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber thereof is provided. The engine is configured so that a tumble flow is generated in the combustion chamber. A fuel injection by the injector can be performed in a first injection mode and a second injection mode, the first injection mode being a mode in which the fuel injection is completed after the tumble flow is generated, and the second injection mode being a mode in which the fuel injection is completed before the tumble flow is generated. The fuel injection of the first injection mode is performed before completion of the warming-up of the engine, and the fuel injection of the second injection mode is performed after completion of the warming-up of the engine.

Abstract: A method operates a fuel-supply system for an internal combustion engine. The fuel-supply system contains a high-pressure fuel pump, a high-pressure fluid accumulator having a fuel-injection valve, and a high-pressure sensor. A measurement signal of the sensor is representative of a pressure within the high-pressure fluid accumulator. The high-pressure fuel pump is fluidically connected on the outlet side to the high-pressure fluid accumulator. A respective maximum injection quantity of the fuel-injection valve is determined depending on the measurement signal of the high-pressure sensor. The injection quantity is determined depending on an efficiency characteristic representing the efficiency of the high-pressure fuel pump, the efficiency characteristic depending on the measurement signal of the high-pressure sensor.

Abstract: A ducted combustion system for an internal combustion. The ducted combustion system includes a combustion chamber, a fuel injector in fluid communication with the combustion chamber and configured to inject a sequence of at least two fuel charges into a combustion chamber during a combustion cycle and one or more ducts disposed within the combustion chamber and configured to receive at least a part of the fuel charges.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for monitoring air/fuel imbalance in cylinders of an engine. Engine speed signals are sampled and then run through a notch filter set to the sampling frequency. Based on a first frequency content of the resulting filtered engine speed, cylinder imbalance is detected and addressed.

Abstract: An intake-port core includes a body part having the same outer shape as that of the intake port, a port-injector part having the same outer shape as that of a port-injector insertion part, and an extending part. A cooling-water flow-passage core includes a water-jacket core having the same outer shape as that of a water jacket. The intake-port core is inserted from the extending part thereof into the water-jacket core so as to join the cooling-water flow-passage core to the intake-port core. Thereafter, a core print part that is a separate body from the intake-port core is joined to the intake-port core.

Abstract: A galleryless steel piston designed to improve thermal efficiency, fuel consumption, and performance of an engine is provided. The piston includes a steel body portion and a thermal barrier layer applied to an upper combustion surface and/or a ring belt to reduce the amount of heat transferred from a combustion chamber to the body portion. The thermal barrier layer has a thermal conductivity which is lower than a thermal conductivity of the steel body portion. The thermal barrier layer typically includes a ceramic material, for example ceria, ceria stabilized zirconia, and/or a mixture of ceria stabilized zirconia and yttria stabilized zirconia in an amount of 90 to 100 wt. %, based on the total weight of the ceramic material. The thermal barrier layer can also have a gradient structure which gradually transitions from 100 wt. % of a metal bond material to 100 wt. % of the ceramic material.

Abstract: In a method for producing a piston, a flat end surface 44a of a rotary tool 44 of a frictional pore sealing device is brought into abutment with the top surface 5a of a low thermal conductivity member 5 cast on the crown surface 2a of an aluminum alloy piston 1, and this rotary tool is pressed against the low thermal conductivity member's side with a load while rotating the rotary tool through an electric motor and a speed reduction mechanism. With this, a frictional heat between the top surface of the low thermal conductivity member and the end surface of the rotary tool causes to form a plastic flow layer 5d on the top surface, thereby sealing an opening portion of a pore 9a on the top surface of the porous member 6.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a piston for a reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine, comprising a piston head and a piston barrel, wherein the piston head has an encircling ring belt with at least one ring groove for a piston ring and has, in the region of the ring belt, an encircling cooling duct. The cooling duct extends from the ring belt as far as a wall of the piston barrel in order to increase an oil film temperature of the oil film in the cylinder liner between the piston barrel and cylinder and to thereby reduce the piston barrel friction.

Abstract: A galleryless piston having a reduced temperature during operation in an engine is provided. The piston includes an upper wall with an exposed undercrown surface. A ring belt and pin bosses depend from the upper wall, and a pair of skirt panels depend from the ring belt and are coupled to the pin bosses by struts. The piston includes an inner undercrown region and outer pockets extending along the undercrown surface. The inner undercrown region is surrounded by the skirt panels, the struts, and the pin bosses. Each outer pocket is surrounded by one of the pin bosses, a portion of the ring belt, and the struts adjacent the one pin boss. A plurality of holes extend through the pin bosses and/or the struts from the inner undercrown region to one of the outer pockets to convey cooling oil from the inner undercrown region to the outer pockets.

Abstract: A system for extracting work from the expansion of a working fluid includes a vessel having at least a portion of the working fluid, a heating device in thermal communication with the portion of the working fluid in the vessel for heating the portion of the working fluid in the vessel and expanding the working fluid, and a conversion tool. The conversion tool is in fluid communication with the vessel and is configured to receive working fluid from the vessel when the working fluid expands. The conversion tool is further configured to extract work from the expanded working fluid.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for conducting an evaporative emissions test responsive to an indication of a vehicle remote engine start event. In one example, responsive to an indication of a remote start and further indication that the vehicle is not occupied, intake manifold vacuum is utilized to reduce pressure in the fuel system and evaporative emissions system to a threshold, wherein the fuel system and evaporative emissions system are sealed, and undesired evaporative emissions indicated responsive to a pressure bleed-up rate greater than a threshold. In this way, by applying intake manifold vacuum on the fuel system and evaporative emissions system while the vehicle is stationary and not occupied, engine hesitations resulting from desorption of fuel vapors from a fuel vapor canister are not experienced by the vehicle operator and/or passengers, and noise factors from driving conditions, passenger movement, etc., do not impact the evaporative emissions test.

Abstract: In an intake apparatus of an internal combustion engine, an EGR gas inlet port of each of plural EGR gas distribution pipes is provided at a position at which a volume of an intake port from a surge tank to the EGR gas inlet port is equal to or greater than a volume of an EGR gas introduced to an intake pipe from each of the EGR gas distribution pipes during one cycle of the internal combustion engine and at a position towards the surge tank relative to a center of the intake port in a flow direction thereof.

Abstract: An anomaly determination unit includes an EGR amount acquisition section configured to acquire an actual amount of an EGR amount, which is a flow rate of EGR gas; an estimation amount computation section configured to compute an estimated amount of the EGR amount based on a working gas pressure, which is a pressure of working gas in which the EGR gas and intake air are mixed, an EGR temperature, which is a temperature of the EGR gas immediately upstream of an EGR valve, an EGR pressure, which is a pressure of the EGR gas immediately upstream of the EGR valve, and an opening degree instruction value for the EGR valve; and a determination section configured to determine the presence or absence of an anomaly in the EGR valve based on the divergence between the actual amount of the EGR amount and the estimated amount.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems, methods and apparatus to overcome limitations of liquid fuel engine combustion. Liquid fuel is mixed with superheated water which vaporizes, mixes with air and ignites within the injector nozzle. The injector nozzles then accelerate the mixture into the engine combustion chamber where unburned fuel vapor mixes and burns. Combustion begins the instant of injection and increases uniformly. Combustion pressure builds progressively. Combustion of fuel vapor is more ideal, and better controlled. As part of the system and apparatus, the present disclosure also includes a low-cost high-speed solenoid valve which produces shorter injection pulses. It also includes a high-speed, high-air-volume solenoid fuel valve. In addition, the present invention and its disclosure create tools to develop and optimize this new method of fuel vapor injection.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems, methods and apparatus to overcome limitations of liquid fuel engine combustion. Liquid fuel is mixed with superheated water which vaporizes, mixes with air and ignites within the injector nozzle. The injector nozzles then accelerate the mixture into the engine combustion chamber where unburned fuel vapor mixes and burns. Combustion begins the instant of injection and increases uniformly. Combustion pressure builds progressively. Combustion of fuel vapor is more ideal, and better controlled. As part of the system and apparatus, the present disclosure also includes a low-cost high-speed solenoid valve which produces shorter injection pulses. It also includes a high-speed, high-air-volume solenoid fuel valve. In addition, the present invention and its disclosure create tools to develop and optimize this new method of fuel vapor injection.

Abstract: In a saddle-ride type vehicle in which a cleaner case of an air cleaner is configured with first and second case half bodies coupled to each other and arranged in a vehicle width direction, and is arranged in a space surrounded by a vehicle body frame, a first case half body is provided with: a cleaner element insertion/removal port opened outward so as to permit insertion and removal of a cleaner element therethrough; a purified air outlet connected with a connecting tube for guiding purified air to an engine body side; and an outside air suction port for introducing air from an outside into the cleaner case.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having poppet valves is disclosed, wherein induction ports serving intake valves are siamesed. Induction ports have proximal portions about parallel to the valve stem axis of their associated intake valves, and distal portions roughly parallel to the engine block deck surface. The proximal portions flare to greater width with increasing proximity to valve heads. The distal portions are smaller in cross section than the proximal portions. The combustion chamber includes a bulge projecting away from the piston crown, providing additional space for induction air flow.

Abstract: A system, method and device for mass airflow sensor signal processing includes a microcontroller, a mass airflow sensor and an engine PCM. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) converts a first output signal from the mass airflow sensor to a first VDC value. A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) converts a second VDC value to a second output signal associated with the mass airflow sensor. Transfer functions are obtained from a flow bench using the mass airflow sensor, performance air intake components, and stock air intake components. The microcontroller determines, from the first VDC value, a corresponding actual flow rate. From the actual flow rate, a corresponding stock VDC value is determined. The stock VDC value is then output to the DAC for conversion to the output second signal associated with the mass airflow sensor for communication to the engine PCM.

Abstract: Provided are a pump and a fuel injection device, in which fuel discharge failure and fuel pressure failure are prevented by suppressing generation of vapor, thereby enabling vehicles, agricultural machines, generators, and the like, which are provided with internal combustion engines, to operate stably. A pump is provided with: a pump body having a pump chamber defined therein; a plunger reciprocating in response to the rotation of an eccentric cam, thereby feeding fuel sucked in the pump chamber to an injector; and an input portion to which rotational torque from the outside is applied. The input portion is provided with the eccentric earn coupled to a joint member connected to a rotating member; a boss section for rotatably supporting the joint member; and a bush for restricting the axial movement of the joint member.

Abstract: A fuel supply device is provided with a tank lid closing a through-hole in a tank wall of a fuel tank and sends fuel in the fuel tank to an outside of the fuel tank when fixed to the fuel tank by interposing the tank lid between the tank wall and a fixing member. The tank lid has a lid-side contact surface portion which is in an exposed outer surface exposed outside the fuel tank and is in contact with a fixed-side contact surface portion of the fixing member screwed into the tank wall along an outer circumferential portion of the tank lid. The lid-side contact surface portion is provided with an acid-resistant coating film set with surface free energy different from surface free energy set to the fixed-side contact surface portion.

Abstract: A fuel supply system includes a fuel pump having an inlet configured to pick up fuel and an outlet configured to discharge fuel. A pressure vessel is in fluid communication with the outlet of the fuel pump such that fuel is directed from the fuel pump into the pressure vessel, the pressure vessel having an outlet port. A pressure regulation valve subassembly is detachably coupled with the outlet port via a male-female interface that positively locks against axial separation upon axial coupling in a first orientation and relative rotation of less than 360 degrees to a second orientation. A reservoir defines an internal space at least partially receiving the fuel pump, the pressure vessel, and the pressure regulation valve subassembly. The reservoir includes an interior wall that obstructs rotation of the pressure regulation valve subassembly from the second orientation to the first orientation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter unit, a filter system (44b) with at least two filter units, and to a motor vehicle with a filter system (44b). A filter bowl (12d-e) of the filter unit is formed by a base and a cover. Embodied in a side wall of the base are at least two access openings to an antechamber or collection chamber (34a-b) in the filter bowl (12d-e). Embodied integrally with the cover is a collection line segment or supply segment (26d-e) that leads from a clean chamber or an unfiltered side antechamber in the filter bowl (12d-e) to at least two open ends (28l). The inventive filter system (44b) has at least two inventive filter units, and fluid may flow through their filter elements (30, 30a-d), which are switched in parallel. The invention facilitates the space-saving arrangement of filter units and filter systems (44b) in constricted and/or complexly shaped installation spaces, especially in motor vehicles.

Abstract: A filter assembly for a fluid to be filtered, in particular fuel or oil, has a filter housing having a housing lower part that is configured as a single piece and has at least one fluid inlet for the fluid to be filtered and a plurality of filter pots that are arranged next to one another side by side in a shared plane and are fluidically connected to one another via side wall passages An upper housing part closes the filter pots and has a fluid manifold that has at least one fluid outlet for the filtered fluid flowing out from the filter pots. At least two filter elements, one being arranged in each of the filter pots of the filter housing. The filter assembly is a more inexpensively-manufactured and as configured for installation even in confined installation spaces, so as to accommodate a sufficiently large filter surface for a predetermined volume flow of a fluid to be filtered.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injector which can promote convergence of a motion of a valve body while a valve is opened and promote stabilization of an injection amount. In the present invention, a fuel injector includes a movable iron core 404, a fixed iron core 401, a first spring member 405, a second spring member 406, contact portions 102c and 404b?, and a gap g1. The movable iron core 404 is provided relatively displaceable to a valve body 102. The fixed iron core 401 is opposed to the movable iron core 404. The first spring member 405 energizes the valve body 102 in a valve closing direction. The second spring member 406 energizes the movable iron core 404 in a valve closing direction. The contact portions 102c and 404b? are in contact with each other in a case where the movable iron core 404 displaces in a valve opening direction with respect to the valve body 102. The gap g1 is formed between the contact portions 102c and 404b? in a valve closing state.

Abstract: An injector unit that can use a gaseous fuel such as CNG in an already-existing diesel engine and a spark plug that uses the injector unit, are provided. The injector unit includes an injector, an igniter having a resonance structure configured to boost an inputted microwave and a discharger configured to perform a discharge, and a casing configured to house therein the injector and the igniter. The igniter includes a first part configured to transmit the inputted microwave, a second part configured to perform a capacity coupling to attain an impedance matching between the microwave and the igniter, and a third part configured to transmit the capacity-coupled microwave to the discharger. Moreover, the igniter is bent at a boundary of the first part and the second part, a boundary of the second part and the third part, or inside the first part.

Abstract: A spark-ignition direct fuel injection valve includes, at least, a seat member provided with a fuel injection hole and a valve seat and a valve body which controls fuel injection from the injection hole by contacting and separating from the valve seat. In the spark-ignition direct fuel injection valve: the injection hole has an injection hole inlet which is open inwardly of the seat member and an injection hole outlet which is open outwardly of the seat member; an opening edge of the injection hole inlet has a first round-chamfered portion formed on an upstream side with respect to a fuel flow toward the injection hole inlet; and an extending length (L) of the injection hole does not exceed three times a hole diameter (D) of the injection hole.

Abstract: A fuel injector control valve assembly is provided that comprises a valve actuating mechanism, a cage member that is operatively connected to the valve actuating mechanism, a poppet valve member that is operatively connected to the cage member and that defines a perimeter and a longitudinal axis, a valve sleeve member that is disposed about the poppet valve member, a shim that includes an upper surface that at least partially makes uninterrupted contact with the cage member and a lower surface that at least partially makes uninterrupted contact with the sleeve member, thereby providing a fluid seal about the perimeter of the poppet valve member, and a bounce limiting mechanism that is adjacent the shim and that is interposed between the cage member and at least one of either the poppet valve member and the valve sleeve member.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine ignition coil according to the present invention includes: a central iron core; a primary coil disposed on an outer circumference of the central iron core; a secondary coil disposed on an outer circumference of the primary coil; a side iron core disposed on an outer circumference of the secondary coil; and an insulating material sealing the central iron core, the primary coil, and the secondary coil on an inner side of the side iron core. A first layered silicate having a particle diameter less than a winding diameter of the secondary coil is present at a higher concentration in a vicinity of the secondary coil than that in a vicinity of the side iron core in the insulating material. A second layered silicate having a particle diameter greater than the winding diameter of the secondary coil is present at a higher concentration than that of the first layered silicate between the outer circumference side of the secondary coil and the side iron core.

Abstract: A system and method for providing multiple commands to an ignition coil driver circuit to provide spark, ion signal integration, and ignition coil shunting during a cycle of a cylinder is presented. In one example, multiple voltage pulses are provided over a single conductor communication link. The voltage pulses provide encoded instructions for ignition timing, ignition coil shunting, and ion signal integration.

Abstract: A laser ignition device for an internal combustion engine can include a laser generator, a housing, and a window. The laser generator can emit a pulse of laser light. The housing can be coupled to the internal combustion engine. The housing can have a first end and a second end. The second end can be proximate to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and can define an aperture through which the laser light is permitted to exit the housing into the combustion chamber. The window can be coupled to the second end of the housing and cover the aperture. The window can permit the laser light to pass through the window and into the combustion chamber. The window can have a rounded outer surface.

Abstract: A Pelton runner with a wheel disk and separately fabricated buckets (2), which may be cast or made from a solid block of material and secured detachably to the wheel disk (1), fastened by at least one screw (5) or at least one bolt. At least one screw or at least one bolt is designed as an expansion screw (5) or expansion bolt, where the expansion screw (5) or expansion bolt is subjected to controlled pre-stressing, and each bucket (2) has at least one expansion screw (5) or expansion bolt that is arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel disk (1) and secured to the wheel disk (1).

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a drum may be submerged in water and extend horizontally along a center axis between a first point on a first side of the drum and a second point on a second side of the drum opposite the first side. Three curved vanes may be attached to the drum such that the vanes, when acted upon by a water flow perpendicular to the axis, are operable to cause rotation about the axis, wherein an edge portion of each vane, located substantially opposite the drum, defines a plane substantially parallel to a plane defined by a surface of the drum located between the edge portion and the axis. An electrical generator coupled to the drum may convert rotational energy produced by the rotation about the axis into electrical energy.

Abstract: A power take-off arrangement for a wave energy converter is described. The arrangement has a gearbox having a first shaft (20) connected to the wave energy converter (1) which is adapted to receive, in use, rotational motion from the wave energy converter. The gearbox has a second shaft connecting the annulus gear (31) to the generator shaft (36). A third shaft (38) is connected to one or more means (39) of applying torque to it. Torque applied by the one or more means (39) may be varied in operation so as to alter the relative rotational velocities and accelerations of the second and third shafts in response to any given rotational velocity or acceleration of the first shaft.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tidal wave powered device and a method thereof for producing potential energy from the movement of tidal waves in a water mass, the device comprising a cylinder (18) anchored to the bed (22) of the water mass with a piston (16) located in the cylinder to define a pumping chamber (25) therein. A storage tank (23) is located at an elevated height for storage of water delivered from the cylinder pumping chamber (25). A docking unit (30) anchored to the bed of the water mass is connected to a floater (10) such that when the floater (10) attains an optimal height, the docking unit (30) is locked in to hold the floater (10) in an elevated position. The docking unit (30) is opened to release the floater (10) from the elevated position so that the weight of the floater pushes the piston (16) downwards to deliver water from the pumping chamber (25) of the cylinder (18) into the storage tank (23).

Abstract: A wind turbine blade includes a trailing edge flap having a flap part protruding from the trailing edge on the pressure side of the blade. The flap part has a first section and a second section each having an upstream surface arranged to face an oncoming airflow in use. The first section extends from the trailing edge and has a proximal end and a distal end in cross-section. The proximal end is located at or near the trailing edge and the distal end is spaced apart from the trailing edge. The first section is oriented such that an obtuse angle is defined between the upstream surface of the first section and a plane that extends parallel to the local chordal plane and intersects the proximal end of the first section. The second section is oriented such that the upstream surfaces of the first and second sections together define a concave profile in cross section.

Abstract: Method of bonding a shear web (50) to a wind turbine blade shell (75) and the obtained blade, wherein the shear web (50) comprises a web and a mounting flange (56) oriented transverse to the web (50). The method involves: providing a seal (66, 68) on the mounting flange (56) of the shear web (50) such that when the mounting flange (56) is positioned against the blade shell (75), a cavity (76) is defined by the seal between the mounting flange (56) and the blade shell (75). The air of the cavity (76) is then evacuated and adhesive is injected into the cavity (76). The use of pieces (80) to keep the distance between the mounting flange (56) and the blade shell (75) is preferred.

Abstract: A large-size wind power blade with a multi-beam structure and its manufacturing method, wherein the blade adopts a hollow layout structure and comprises a blade skin suction edge, a blade skin pressure edge, a main load-carrying structure crossbeam and anti-shearing webs, wherein the blade skin suction edge and the blade skin pressure edge are combined to form a cavity structure having a streamlined cross section, wherein a support structure formed by the combination of the main load-carrying structure crossbeam and the anti-shearing web is located in the cavity. Both the blade skin suction edge and the blade skin pressure edge adopt a multi-segment combined structure, wherein the multiple segments are connected to the side surface of the main load-carrying structure crossbeam to integrally form the blade skin suction edge and the skin pressure edge.

Abstract: A vertical axis windmill comprises three or more frames rotatable in unison about a substantially vertical axis and a plurality of airfoils hingedly affixed to each frame. Each airfoil is able to swing away from its respective frame in a first direction from a closed position to an open position and not able to swing away from its respective frame in a second direction from the closed position.

Abstract: A method and system for improving the balance of a rotor in a wind turbine, including; determining blade load data associated with a selected rotor blade pair; determining, based on the blade load data, pitch imbalance data associated with the selected rotor blade pair, wherein the pitch imbalance data associated with a rotor blade pair is based on measurements of at least blade loading, rotor speed and wind speed; and, determining and applying pitch control inputs to one or both of the selected rotor blade pair in order to reduce the severity of the rotor imbalance.