Abstract: A method of operating a medical-imaging system is described; the medical-imaging system has an ultrasound-transducer interface configured to operatively interface with an ultrasound transducer including transducer elements; the medical-imaging system also has a spatial sensor configured to provide spatial information indicating spatial movement of the ultrasound transducer; the method includes receiving ultrasound information being associated with a scan-line set having a limited number of selectable scan lines of the ultrasound transducer. Also disclosed is a non-transitory computer-readable medium.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an ultrasonic transducer including a swivel member, a linking member and an array. The swivel member rotates upon receiving an actuating force and has a thrust mechanism. The linking member is connected to the swivel member to make a movement along a pendulum motion path upon receiving thrust generated by the thrust mechanism of the swivel member. The array is connected to the linking member to rotate a predetermined angle upon receiving thrust generated by the movement of the linking member. In some embodiments, the swivel member has an insertion pin coupled to the linking member including a guide groove for receiving the insertion pin, and the guide groove length is greater than the insertion pin diameter. The array includes a stop for restraining the linking member from moving side to side. The present disclosure also provides a method of operating the aforementioned ultrasonic transducer.

Abstract: The technology concerning improvement of resolution of an acoustic wave sensor having a hemispherical shape or the like is provided. An ultrasonic transducer unit includes an ultrasonic transducer having a plurality of ultrasonic transducer elements, and a probe casing configured to support a plurality of the ultrasonic transducers, and to have a concave portion facing a subject. The plurality of ultrasonic transducer elements is arranged on a same plane facing a center of curvature of the probe casing. The plurality of ultrasonic transducer elements is arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner about a normal line connecting the center of curvature of the probe casing to a point on a plane of the ultrasonic transducer.

Abstract: An ultrasound imaging system (102) includes a touch screen user interface (122) and a touch screen controller (148). The touch screen user interface includes a touch panel (124). The touch panel includes a plurality of different clusters (510-522) of controls including a first cluster (512) in first sub-region and with a tactile control and one or more other cluster (510 and 514-522) in one or more other different sub-regions and with soft controls. The touch screen controller visually renders the one or more other clusters in the one or more different sub-regions spatially arranged with respect to each other based on a predetermined control cluster configuration for the touch screen user interface. The one or more other clusters include controls that correspond to different groupings of ultrasound imaging operations of the ultrasound imaging system.

Abstract: The disclosure provides medical devices comprising improved coatings for ultrasound detection, which provide optimal ultrasound images. Methods for preparing such devices are also provided.

Abstract: The ultrasound examination system automatically detects a lesion, based on a dynamic image including a plurality of frame arrays that are temporally continuous and are output from the ultrasound examination apparatus with an ultrasonic probe being manipulated. Detection accuracy of the ultrasound examination system can be increased. A feature extractor in a frame checker extracts cubic higher-order local autocorrelation features from each frame of a plurality frames that constitute a dynamic image of a human body part as obtained from an ultrasound examination apparatus while an examiner manipulates an ultrasonic probe on the examinee. A final determinator determines that the frame in question is a normal frame when a speed determinator determines that the speed of the ultrasonic probe is not a normal speed even though the frame in question can be determined as an abnormal frame containing a lesion.

Abstract: An ultrasonic image processing device includes an image acquisition unit that acquires a plurality of internal tomographic images of a target object in a plane including a first direction, along a second direction intersecting the first direction, an image dividing unit that divides each of the internal tomographic images into a plurality of separate images with a normal line to the first direction, and acquires the separate images, and an image combining unit that extracts separate images corresponding to coordinates on a continuous line which is continued in a plane including the first direction and the second direction, from the plurality of separate images, and arranges and combines the separate images in order of coordinates along the continuous line so as to generate a combined tomographic image.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus comprises processing circuitry. The processing circuitry sets one of wavelengths of a plurality of light sources as a reference wavelength, normalize an intensity of light having a wavelength other than the reference wavelength, which is detected by a pair of each light irradiation unit and each optical detector, with an intensity of light having the reference wavelength, calculate a first value for each pair by nonlinear enhancement correction of a normalized light intensity, calculate a second value for the each pair by nonlinear reduction correction of an intensity of light having the reference wavelength detected by the each pair, and calculate an evaluation value based on a value obtained by multiplication of the first value and the second value for the each pair.

Abstract: A system includes a medical imaging apparatus embodied for the acquisition of first items of imaging data based on electromagnetic radiation, and a control apparatus embodied to control the medical imaging apparatus and to control an ultrasound probe. The control apparatus includes an interface embodied to output control commands to the ultrasound probe. The ultrasound probe can be connected to the control apparatus via the interface.

Abstract: A user-defined range of dates is displayed within a first region, and an interactive cursor is displayed at a first location within the first region, the first location corresponding to a first date within the range of dates. Based at least in part on the first date, a first estimated fertility is determined and displayed in a second region of the display area. A user input is detected at a second location distinct from the first location, the user input corresponding to a user selection of a second date in the range of dates distinct from the first date. In response, the interactive cursor is dynamically moved from the first location to the second location. Based at least in part on the second date, a second estimated fertility is determined, and the first estimated fertility in the second region is replaced with the second estimated fertility.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a sperm collection device, including at least one driving unit, and a soft main body wrapping the at least one driving unit. The soft main body includes a penis passage. The at least one driving unit is configured to vibrate an inner wall of the penis passage and provide a squeezing force to the penis passage.

Abstract: A method for correlation attributes of mature mammals tissue to pre-pubescent mammals is provided. The method comprises providing a biopsy needle with a bore diameter of at least 0.9081 mm (20 gauge) to less than 2.413 mm (13 gauge) with a specimen notch, of at least 2 mm to no more than 16 mm; inserting the needle into said mammalian tissue of a pre-pubescent living mammal and extracting a sample tissue.

Abstract: A biopsy device is disclosed. The biopsy device includes a chamber having a body having a distal end and a proximal end, wherein the proximal end includes an inlet. The biopsy device further includes a vacuum generator for generating negative and positive pressure and at least one first recessed area and at least one second recessed area. The first recessed area extends along an inner wall of the body, proximate the proximal end of the body of the chamber. The first recessed area is configured to release pressure within the chamber. The second recessed area extends along the inner wall of the body, proximate the distal end of the body of the chamber. The second recessed area is configured to release pressure within the chamber.

Abstract: The dual syringe with percutaneous cannula is a medical device for harvesting and transferring cells for autologous transplantation without the requirement of a surgical setting or ambulatory care. The dual syringe is a closed sterile system that allows for the harvesting syringe to harvest the cells/tissue from a first location of a patient which is then centrifuged to aggregate the cells. The aggregated cell pellet is transferred to a transfer syringe. The cell pellet is then reinjected by the transfer syringe into the patient at a second location for therapeutic purpose. The percutaneous cannula permits insertion of a cannula, with the assistance of a needle, without the need of a surgical incision or trocar.

Abstract: An automated control, a switch and automated actuator for spring-based end effectors of a medical instrument to be used by a single operator without assistance for multiple biopsy, clipping, clamping, grasping, snaring, cutting, dissecting or other operative functions with electrical connections for cautery or hot biopsy used independently or combined with a rigid or flexible endoscope of any size. The actuator may be a spring(s), gear(s), electrical solenoid or motor, air or hydraulic pressure activated piston or a combination thereof. Automated action may be initiated by a voice, hand or foot operated switch. The actuator may be disposable, attached to or separable from the end effector or permanently attached to be reusable. The actuator and end effector may be disposable, attached to or separable from the endoscope or permanently attached to be reusable. The automated device may be incorporated into an endoscope or attached to the outside.

Abstract: A steerable laser probe may include a handle, an actuation structure of the handle, a housing tube, a flexible tube, an optic fiber, and a wire having a pre-formed curve. The flexible tube may be disposed within the housing tube wherein a distal end of the flexible tube projects out from a distal end of the housing tube. The optic fiber may be disposed within an inner bore of the handle, the housing tube, and the flexible tube. The wire may be disposed within the housing tube.

Abstract: A soft tissue retractor for medical use, formed as a rectangular blade-like retractor element made from shape memory alloy.

Abstract: A retractor having a pair of blades is disclosed. A ring having an opening is attached to one end of the blades. The blades define a channel therebetween. The blades may be pivotally coupled to the ring. The retractor may have at least two conditions. In a first condition, the retractor is insertable through an incision in a patient's skin to an operative site. In a second condition, the retractor may be manipulated for retracting tissue surrounding the operative site. Instruments, prostheses, or tissue may be inserted or removed through the channel of the retractor.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for performing a non-invasive procedure to repair a cardiac valve are described herein. In some embodiments, apparatus and methods are described herein for repairing a mitral valve using an edge-to-edge repair to secure the mitral valve leaflets. Implant securing devices are also described that can be used during a procedure to repair a mitral valve. In some embodiments, an implant securing device includes an outer member and an inner member movably disposed within the outer member. The inner member can be used to hold or secure a suture extending from an implant deployed on an atrial side of a leaflet of a mitral valve, and the outer member can be used to push or move a half hitch knot toward a ventricular side of the leaflet, which can be used to secure the implant in the desired position.

Abstract: A method is provided for reducing tricuspid valve regurgitation of a patient. The method includes implanting a first tissue anchor at a first implantation site in cardiac tissue in the vicinity of the tricuspid valve of the patient, and implanting a second tissue anchor at a second implantation site in cardiac tissue of the patient opposite the first implantation site across the tricuspid valve. Using a spool that winds therewithin at least a portion of a longitudinal member that couples the first and the second tissue anchors together, tension is applied between the first and the second tissue anchors to alter the geometry of the tricuspid valve by rotating the spool.

Abstract: A suture passer includes a handle, an elongated sleeve defining a distal end, an inner shaft slidably disposed within the elongated sleeve, and an end effector assembly disposed at a distal end of the inner shaft. The end effector assembly includes first and second arms, at least one which is movable relative to the other between a spaced-apart position and an approximated position for retaining a portion of a suture therebetween. The inner shaft and elongated sleeve are relatively movable between a first condition, wherein the first and second arms are disposed in the approximated position and the distal end of the elongated sleeve is exposed, a second condition, wherein the first and second arms are disposed in the approximated position and the distal end of the elongated sleeve is shielded, and a third condition, wherein the first and second arms are disposed in the spaced-apart position.

Abstract: Adapter assemblies selectively interconnect a surgical end effector that is configured to perform at least a pair of functions and a surgical device that is configured to actuate the end effector. The adapter assembly includes an adapter knob housing configured and adapted for connection with the surgical device and to be in operative communication with each of the at least one rotatable drive shaft of the surgical device. The adapter knob housing defines a lumen extending longitudinally therethrough and a ring gear formed in an inner surface of the lumen of the adapter knob housing. The ring gear defines an internal array of gear teeth which are engaged with a spur gear of a rotatable drive shaft. The adapter knob housing may be a unitary member and may be formed of plastic.

Abstract: A powered endoscopic surgical apparatus is provided and includes a handle including a housing, a power source supported in the housing; an endoscopic portion extending distally from the housing of the handle; an end effector assembly coupled to a distal end of the endoscopic portion, the end effector assembly including a pair of jaws configured to perform a surgical function; a driving member; a drive source including a motor powered by the power source and connected to the driving member; and a gear assembly engaged with the motor. The gear assembly including a gear rack provided on the driving member; and a main gear operatively connected with the gear rack, the motor spinning the main gear such that rotary motion of the main gear moves the driving member in an axial direction such that the driving member actuates the end effector to perform the surgical function.

Abstract: A surgical severing and stapling instrument, suitable for laparoscopic and endoscopic clinical procedures, clamps tissue within an end effector of an elongate channel pivotally opposed by an anvil. Various embodiments are configured to be operably attached to a robotic system to receive actuation/control motions therefrom.

Abstract: A shunt rivet for implantation in the aorta and inferior vena cava to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and a method of treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are disclosed. The shunt rivet can have a first pair of clinch members that extend along a first axis and a second pair of clinch members that extend along a second axis transverse to the first axis.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a body, a shaft, a stapling head assembly, and an anvil. The body includes a motor, a first user input feature, and a second user input feature. The first user input feature is operable to activate the motor. The shaft extends distally from the body. The stapling head assembly is positioned at a distal end of the shaft. The stapling head assembly includes an anvil coupling feature, at least one annular array of staples, and a staple driver. The second user input feature is operable to drive the anvil coupling feature longitudinally. The staple driver is operable to drive the at least one annular array of staples. The motor is operable to drive the staple driver. The anvil is configured to couple with the anvil coupling feature. The anvil is further configured to deform the staples driven by the staple driver.

Abstract: A clip applying apparatus is described for applying clips seriatim to tissue. The apparatus includes a lockout member for limiting distal movement of the camming member after the proximal-most clip has been applied to tissue. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a jaw locking member for preventing approximation of the jaw members of the apparatus. In one embodiment, a latch assembly is provided to releasably engage a clip pusher of the apparatus to the camming member of the apparatus.

Abstract: Systems for treating an aneurysm in a cerebral vessel and methods of use are described. In one embodiment, the system includes an elongate tubular member having a lumen, an expandable stent, and a delivery device. The expandable stent has a constrained state that is configured for delivery through the lumen of the elongate tubular member, and an expanded state configured for placement within the cerebral vessel adjacent the aneurysm. The delivery device includes an elongate member and a self-expandable portion. The proximal end of the self-expandable portion is coupled to the elongate member at or near the distal end of the elongate member. The self-expandable portion of the delivery device includes a tubular mesh structure having a constrained state and an expanded state. The stent is engaged (e.g., mechanical, frictional, or intermeshing) with the self-expandable portion of the delivery device.

Abstract: An intra-vascular aneurysm-treatment stent and a method for lowering pressure within an aneurysm bubble in a blood vessel. A stent coil is insertable into a blood vessel, the coil made of a material sufficiently flexible to move around curves, loops, and corners in the blood vessel. The stent coil is positioned in the blood vessel with selected stent coil portions proximate an opening into either a saccular aneurysm or a fusiform aneurysm. Blood in the lumen of the blood vessel flows past the leading edges and both over the outer surfaces, and under the inner surfaces. A portion of the blood inside the aneurysm becomes entrained with the blood flowing over the outer surfaces. At the trailing edges, the converging blood flows create eddies.

Abstract: An occluder for occluding a passage in a body, especially in a left atrial appendage (LAA), comprises elongate members having a first end and a second end, the ends being held in or attached to holders, wherein the elongate members extend independently from each other between the holders and wherein the elongate members are collectively enveloped by at least one jacket. The jacket restricts a bending motion of the elongate members when their first ends are approximated to their second ends by moving the two holders relatively to each other. The occluder uses an expanding structure which can be easily handled whereby the movement of the elongate members is restricted by at the jackets which envelop the elongate members. At least the elongate members can be made of bioresorbable material.

Abstract: A blood vessel treatment method including inserting a medical device into a blood vessel, the medical device including an elongate shaft portion and a contact portion configured to contact a biological tissue in the blood vessel; bringing the contact portion into contact with the biological tissue in the blood vessel; twisting the blood vessel by moving the contact portion; and releasing a treatment agent from the medical device for occluding or contracting a lumen of the blood vessel.

Abstract: Devices and methods for identifying and maintaining the concentric spherical centers of a femur and acetabulum during revision or joint replacement surgery so that post surgery the anatomical spherical centers are maintained. Also disclosed are novel techniques and devices to project images onto an anatomical feature, such as exposed bone, to virtually fit trial prosthetic components, establish bone cut markings, and establishing the anatomical spherical center of a joint.

Abstract: A mill head for replaceable attachment to a base so as to collectively form a bone mill. The mill head includes shell with: a first opening in which bone stock is introduced into the head; and a second opening through which the bone chips are discharged. A cutting device is mounted in the shell to both rotate and move laterally. Attached to the cutting device are coupling features for engaging a drive spindle able to rotate the cutting device. Also attached to the housing is an alignment feature. The alignment feature engages a complementary alignment feature associated with the drive spindle so as a result of the engagement of the alignment features, the cutting device moves within the shell so that the cutting device coupling features are positioned to engage the drive spindle.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aiming device (15) for the placement of Kirschner-wires in orthopaedics/traumatology. The aiming device (15) comprises an adjustable aiming block (10) which is displaceably attached to a forceps (20). The fixation of the aiming device at the bone (30) can be varied by clamping the forceps (20) more or less strongly. The aiming block (10) can be displaced to the periost (31) and be fixed. The aiming device (15) according to the invention allows the alignment of the guidance (2) of the Kirschner-wire (1) about an axis of rotation (12). Before the Kirschner-wire (1) is inserted in the bone (30) its position and direction can be intraoperatively represented and aligned in at least two non-parallel planes of projection (P1, P2) by means of fluoroscopy and/or navigation. Repeated drilling and mistaken positioning of the Kirschner-wire (1) can so be avoided. Thus, allowing to reduce the time of operation and the exposure of the patient to radiation.

Abstract: A patient-specific acetabular guide comprises a cup body, a plurality of alignment arms extending from the cup body and engaging periacetabular areas of a pelvis, and a supporting leg protruding from the cup body and abutting against a portion of an acetabular fossa. Each alignment arm has a fixing hole extending inclinedly therethrough to allow a Kirschner pin to pass through and enter the periacetabluar area of the pelvis for positing and orienting the acetabular guide on a predetermined location of an acetabulum.

Abstract: An endoscopic stone-extraction device is provided comprising a support filament comprising an end portion, a sheath comprising a lumen, wherein the support filament is disposed in the lumen such that the sheath is slideable with respect to the support filament, and a handle comprising an actuator. Movement of the actuator in a first direction retracts the sheath and causes a shape to expand outside the lumen. Movement of the actuator in a second direction advances the sheath and causes the shape to at least partially collapse inside the lumen. Other embodiments are provided, and any of these embodiments can be used alone or in combination.

Abstract: A medical device configured to perform an endovascular therapy can include an elongate manipulation member and an intervention member. The elongate manipulation member can include a distal end portion. The intervention member can include a proximal end portion and a mesh. The proximal end portion can be coupled with the distal end portion of the elongate manipulation member. The mesh can have a plurality of cells in a tubular configuration and being compressible to a collapsed configuration for delivery to an endovascular treatment site through a catheter and being self-expandable from the collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration. The mesh can include an anodic metal and a cathodic metal. The anodic metal and the cathodic metal can each form a fraction of a total surface area of the mesh.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for performing various procedures using interchangeable end effectors. In general, the methods and devices allow a surgeon to remotely and selectively attach various interchangeable surgical end effectors to a shaft located within a patient's body, thus allowing the surgeon to perform various procedures without the need to remove the shaft from the patient's body. In an exemplary embodiment, multiple end effectors can be introduced into a body cavity. The end effectors can be disassociated or separate from one another such that they float within the body cavity. A distal end of a shaft can be positioned within the body cavity and it can be used to selectively engage one of the end effectors. In particular, the device can be configured to allow each end effector to be remotely attached and detached from the distal end of the shaft.

Abstract: Disclosed are nozzles and nozzle assemblies of liquid jet-forming surgical instruments, surgical instruments employing such nozzles and/or nozzle assemblies, and methods of fabricating the nozzle assemblies in forming surgical instruments. Also, disclosed are liquid jet-forming surgical instruments including both liquid jet-forming nozzles and optional evacuation lumens, which when provided can be configured to receive the liquid jet and evacuate the liquid forming the liquid jet. Certain embodiments of such surgical instruments include inventive nozzle alignment component(s) to facilitate alignment of the nozzles and evacuation lumen upon assembly. In certain embodiments, surgical instruments are provided that include a nozzle that is shaped to form a liquid jet, which has surfaces that are optically smooth.

Abstract: A scalpel handle sheath includes a body defining a first end and an arm adjacent the first end, the flexible arm having a first boss extending inwardly therefrom and a second boss extending outwardly from the arm. The scalpel handle sheath also includes a shield coupled with the body and slideable between a retracted position and a removal position. The shield defines an edge applying an inward force on the second boss during movement of the shield from the extended position to the removal position and a removal flange extending within the shield and passing the first end of the body during movement of the shield into the removal position.

Abstract: An insert for use with a vibrating surgical tool has a proximal end for mounting to the vibrating surgical tool and a shaft extending from the proximal end. A head is mounted to the shaft, is curved along the longitudinal axis, and the terminal end thereof defines an edge for disposing against an incision between bone and periosteum. A passage is formed through the shaft for water to be forced through the passage and out of apertures formed on opposite sides of the insert. The edge is formed on the terminal end of the head, which is formed on a curve from one lateral side to an opposite lateral side. The edge extends from a front face to a tapered rear surface. A front face of the head forms an angle with a longitudinal axis of the shaft.

Abstract: A surgical treatment instrument includes an insertion portion including a longitudinal axis, an operation portion provided on one end side of the insertion portion, and a treatment portion provided on the other end side of the insertion portion and configured to treat a living tissue. The treatment portion includes a piezoelectric element configured to generate ultrasound and an ultrasound transmitting material configured to transmit the ultrasound generated by the piezoelectric element to the living tissue.

Abstract: A medical device is disclosed for cutting substances inside a body lumen. The medical device includes: a drive shaft that is rotatable; at least one strut that is rotatably connected to a distal side of the drive shaft, the at least one strut extending along a rotation axis, and wherein a central portion of the at least one strut is bent so as to be expandable radially outwardly; and a support portion that is rotatably connected to the distal side of the drive shaft, and wherein the support portion is formed in a mesh shape and a tubular shape while including multiple gaps, at least a portion of which is positioned on a radially inside of the at least one strut, and which is expandable radially outwardly by a central portion in a direction extending along the rotation axis being bent.

Abstract: A device for insertion of a flexible needle or other such instrument into a tissue, incorporating a collapsible support guide which supports that part of the needle which has not yet penetrated the tissue, preventing it from buckling, and an arrangement which pulls the needle from its proximal end to provide sufficient force for the penetration process. The collapsible support guide can be a pair of flexible strips connected along their length and enclosing the needle along its uninserted length in order to support it, with a mechanism at the distal end of the device to peel the strips from the needle as it is inserted. Insertion can be achieved by a pair of rollers engaging and advancing the strips distally. Alternatively, a telescopic support tube can be used to support the needle, the tube collapsing telescopically as the needle is inserted, to maintain clearance above the needle.

Abstract: An injection adaptor hub for a medical catheter.

Abstract: An inflow access cannula system for allowing an instrument to access a remote surgical site, wherein the instrument comprises a distal portion having a smaller diameter and a proximal portion having a larger diameter, the system comprising: an inflow access cannula comprising a distal end, a proximal end and a central lumen extending therebetween, wherein the central lumen has a diameter larger than the distal portion of the instrument and smaller than the proximal portion of the instrument; and an instrument adapter for releasable connection to the inflow access cannula, the instrument adapter comprising a lumen communicating with the central lumen of the inflow access cannula, the lumen having a diameter larger than the proximal portion of the instrument, the instrument adapter further comprising a port and a fluid passageway connecting the port with the lumen of the instrument adapter, and a spacer for spacing the proximal portion of the instrument from the distal end of the inflow access cannula, such

Abstract: A surgical instrument includes a first member defining a passageway defining a first axis. A second member is positioned in the passageway and includes a lip extending at an angle relative to a second axis defined by the second member that engages a flange of the first member. A third member engages an outer surface of the first member. The third member includes an end surface. A fourth member defines a pathway having the first and second members disposed therein. The fourth member includes a first locking element. A fifth member includes a body including an inner surface that engages the third member. The fifth member includes a plurality of straps extending outwardly from the body. At least one of the straps includes a second locking element that engages the first locking element to fix the fourth member relative to the fifth member. Systems and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A cannula assembly for use in laproscopic surgery includes a cannula having a proximal end for use in orientating the assembly into an abdominal cavity, a distal end for insertion into a patient, and a passage through which surgical instruments can be inserted. An expandable feature in the form of an anchor is located toward the distal end of the cannula and is selectively expandable and collapsible. The feature in its expanded state prevents withdrawal of the cannula. A collar is pushed distally until it releasably cinches to the outside of the abdominal cavity thereby creating an airtight seal and stabilizing the assembly. The collar has a friction fit with the cannula designed to prevent excessive force against the cavity walls.

Abstract: A surgical access apparatus including a cannula defining an internal lumen, the cannula having a connection for receiving insufflation fluid. The apparatus also includes an obturator assembly, the obturator assembly configured to be inserted through a cannula so as to define an interstitial space between the cannula and the obturator assembly. The interstitial space is in fluid communication with the cannula connection so as to convey the insufflation fluid. The obturator assembly includes an obturator shaft having a hollow interior and a tip member at a distal end of the obturator shaft. The tip member is configured to penetrate and/or dissect through tissue. The tip member has an outer surface that defines a channel, the channel being in fluid communication with the interstitial space to as to convey the insufflation fluid from a proximal end of the tip member to a distal end of the tip member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel oocyte maturation medium or/and embryo culture medium with a chemically defined supplement to produce matured oocytes at high efficiency. The inventive medium or supplement comprises three growth factors, namely, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in a synergistic combination. Methods for oocyte and embryo culture are also provided.