Abstract: Ophthalmic lenses for correcting refractive error of an eye are disclosed. Ophthalmic lenses include a deformable inner portion and a deformable peripheral portion. When disposed over the optical region of an eye, the inner portion is configured so that engagement of the posterior surface against the eye deforms the posterior surface so that the posterior surface has a shape diverging form the refractive shape of the epithelium when viewing with the eye through the ophthalmic lens. The rigidity of the inner portion is greater than the rigidity of the peripheral portion and the ophthalmic lenses are configured to allow movement relative to the eye upon blinking of the eye and to be substantially centered on the optical region of the cornea following the blinking of the eye. Methods of correcting refractive errors of an eye such as astigmatism or spherical aberration using the ophthalmic lenses are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel eyewear system and a method to configure the same. An eyewear system consistent with the present disclosure comprises an eyewear frame and a lens casing attached thereto. The eyewear system comprises a set of insertable lenses fitted between said eyewear frame and said lens casing. The lens casing comprises a pliable material to receive the set of insertable lenses. Further, the present disclosure provides a method for a consumer to design and order a pair of eyewear using an online system. The method may include prompting a user to choose from a plurality of unique frame options. Based on the user's selection of the frame, display to the user a plurality of lens casing options. In addition, based on the user's selection of the lens casing options, associate the selected frame and the selected lens casing with a customer order.

Abstract: An eyeglass system including primary glasses and detachably engageable auxiliary glasses. The auxiliary glasses include a first and second auxiliary lens connected together by a bridge. Each lens has an exterior surface, an interior surface, and a peripheral edge extending between the interior and exterior surfaces. An aperture is defined in each of the lenses and the aperture extends between the interior and exterior surfaces, and originates in the peripheral edge and extends for a distance into the lens. A connector is engaged in the aperture in each of the lenses and this connector detachably engages the primary glasses. Preferably, the aperture is keyhole-shaped and the connector includes a boss that is a complementary keyhole shape. The connector may be provided with a magnet that is attracted to a magnet embedded in a lens of the primary glasses.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include eyewear that provides controlled variable light attenuation and color enhancement based on an input received from a user, a sensor and/or a signal from a control circuit. In some embodiments, the eyewear includes an optical filter system with two or more defined filter states that are adapted to improve color vision in different environments. The optical filter system can be incorporated into a lens having any desired curvature, including, for example, cylindrical, spherical or toroidal. The lens can include one or more functional components. Examples of functional components include color enhancement filters, chroma enhancement filters, a laser attenuation filter, electrochromic filters, photoelectrochromic filters, variable attenuation filters, anti-reflection coatings, interference stacks, hard coatings, flash mirrors, anti-static coatings, anti-fog coatings, other functional layers, or a combination of functional layers.

Abstract: Spectacles with an illuminating light having a quick-release structure are provided. A clip piece of a clip member is inserted through a through hole of a temple, and the clip member can be rotated and operated. The clip piece is adapted to clip an inner surface of the temple and a buckle hole of the clip piece is engaged with an engaging protrusion on the inner surface of the temple, such that the illuminating light is secured on the temple. On the contrary, the illuminating light can be quickly removed from the temple. The overall structure can effectively enhance the convenience of the use of the spectacles for the installation of the illuminating light.

Abstract: An optical filter comprising a first distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) layer, a second DBR layer, and an intrinsic semiconductor layer positioned between the first DBR layer and the second DBR layer, with the intrinsic semiconductor layer providing a passband wavelength for the optical filter based on a carrier density of the intrinsic semiconductor layer.

Abstract: An optical phase shifter may include a waveguide core that has a top surface, and a semiconductor contact that is laterally displaced relative to the waveguide core and is electrically connected to the waveguide core. A top surface of the semiconductor contact is above the top surface of the waveguide core. The waveguide core may include a p-type core region and an n-type core region. A p-type semiconductor region may be in physical contact with the n-type core region of the waveguide core, and an n-type semiconductor region may be in physical contact with the p-type core region of the waveguide core. A phase shifter region and a light-emitting region may be disposed at different depth levels, and the light-emitting region may emit light from a phase shifter region that is in a position adjacent to the light-emitting region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a substrate; a thin film transistor in a pixel region over the substrate; a common electrode over the thin film transistor; a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor; and a liquid crystal layer including a plurality of liquid crystal capsules over the common electrode and the pixel electrode, wherein each of the plurality of liquid crystal capsules includes a shell and a core having a plurality of liquid crystal molecules therein, and wherein a gap distance between the liquid crystal molecules in adjacent liquid crystal capsules is equal to or greater than 20 nm and equal to or smaller than 0.3 times of a capsule diameter of the adjacent liquid crystal capsules.

Abstract: An exemplary display device includes: a display panel; a color conversion panel overlapping the display panel; and an optical bonding layer positioned between the display panel and the color conversion panel. The color conversion panel includes: a substrate; a color conversion layer and a transmission layer positioned between the substrate and the display panel; a first capping layer having one side facing the color conversion layer and the transmission layer, and another side facing the display panel; a second capping layer positioned between the first capping layer and the display panel; and an optical layer positioned between the first capping layer and the second capping layer and/or between the second capping layer and the optical bonding layer. A refractive index of the optical layer is lower than at least one of a refractive index of the first capping layer and a refractive index of the second capping layer.

Abstract: A method produces a liquid crystal display. The display includes a plurality of pixels having sub-pixels that include one opening and one color layer. Some of the sub-pixels having the same color are continuously spaced in one direction. In the method, overlapping photolithographic patterns produce mask openings in which a color layer in two spaced adjacent sub-pixels is to be formed. The mask openings each have a size corresponding to two or more adjacent sub-pixels; and the number of sub-pixels of the same color that are continuously arranged in the one direction is at least twice the total number of sub-pixels of the same color included in each of the pixels.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a display device, which is applied to rear projection system. The device includes a screen, which is curved with incident rays penetrating into a concave side of the screen, and then being transmitted by the screen to form parallel rays to be emitted out from the convex side of the screen. The device also includes a projecting unit, configured to project rays of an image to the screen, the image including a valid area and an invalid area. The device yet further includes a covering plank, located between the screen and the projecting unit, and configured to cover the invalid area of the image for getting the light of the valid area of the image emitted by the projecting unit to project to the screen.

Abstract: An array substrate includes a first substrate, a source electrode disposed on the first substrate, a semiconductor pattern layer disposed on the source electrode, a drain electrode disposed on the semiconductor pattern layer, a pixel electrode disposed on the drain electrode and a gate electrode disposed on at least one side surface of the semiconductor pattern layer. A method of making the solar panel is provided. A method of making the array substrate is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which display unevenness is suppressed by preventing degradation of TFT characteristics due to photo-alignment treatment. The liquid crystal display of the present invention includes: a thin-film transistor substrate; and a liquid crystal layer, the thin-film transistor substrate including a thin-film transistor having a channel etch structure and an alignment film, the thin-film transistor including a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a channel layer containing an oxide semiconductor, and a pair of a source electrode and a drain electrode in the stated order, the alignment film including at least one selected from the group consisting of a cinnamate structure, a chalcone structure, an azobenzene structure, a stilbene structure, a coumarin structure, and a phenyl ester structure.

Abstract: A COA substrate manufacturing method including: forming a TFT on a base substrate; forming a second insulation layer on the TFT; forming a color resist layer on the second insulation layer; forming a third insulation layer on the color resist layer; forming a through hole which exposes the drain electrode of the TFT; forming an ITO film layer on the third insulation layer; forming a photoresist layer on the ITO film layer; performing a light-shielding process to the photoresist layer on the vias-region ITO film layer and an exposure process to the photoresist layer on the non vias-region ITO film layer; developing the photoresist layer on the vias-region ITO and the non vias-region ITO film layers to obtain a photoresist layer plug covered on the vias-region ITO film layer. The photoresist is provided to fill the through hole so as to improve the quality of a display device.

Abstract: A capacitive touch display panel includes sensing electrode columns and sensing electrode signal wire groups. Each of the sensing electrode columns includes sensing electrodes. The sensing electrode signal wire groups are electrically connected to the sensing electrode columns, in which each of the sensing electrode signal wire groups consists of at least one first sub-signal wire group and at least one second sub-signal wire group, in which the first sub-signal wire group includes N sensing electrode signal wires, and the second sub-signal wire group includes N+1 sensing electrode signal wires, N is a positive integer. Consequently, the capacitive touch display panel of the present invention can improve the active load balance and the optical characteristics of the capacitive touch display panel.

Abstract: An image display apparatus that that can easily separate an image display apparatus from a touch panel. The image display apparatus comprises a liquid crystal panel (image display apparatus main body), a touch panel that has a fine, uneven structure on its surface and faces the liquid crystal panel via a gap, and an adhesive member for securing these, the adhesive member comprising a substrate, a first adhesive layer, and a second adhesive layer, wherein an adhesive strength (W1) between the first adhesive layer and the liquid crystal panel is less than an adhesive strength (W3) of the first adhesive layer and the substrate, an adhesive strength (W3?) of the second adhesive layer and the substrate, and an adhesive strength (W5) of the second adhesive layer and the touch panel, and wherein a breaking strength (W4) of the substrate is greater than W3? and/or W5.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device including a TFT substrate and a counter substrate, when an organic passivation film is not formed in the TFT substrate, the distance between the TFT substrate and the counter substrate in the display area of a liquid crystal display panel is provided by a cylindrical spacer. Also, the distance in the area where pixels, scan lines, and image signal lines are not formed within the liquid crystal display panel is provided by the cylindrical spacer. In this case, it is necessary to form a mount. The layer structure of the mount is the same as that of the TFT substrate with which the cylindrical spacer in the display area comes into contact. This makes it possible to equalize the distance of the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display panel without an increase in production cost, and to prevent uneven brightness or color.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reflecting cell including at least two substrates covered by an electrode and facing each other, the substrates delimiting between them a volume which separates them and which is filled with a cholesteric liquid crystal-type material, both electrodes being intended to be connected to a voltage source. This cell includes at least one half-wave plate arranged between both substrates and dividing the volume into two compartments, each enclosing a part of a same cholesteric liquid crystal.

Abstract: There is provided a flexible display having a new wire structure and a new insulating layer structure. A flexible display includes a flexible substrate having a first area and a second area. The second area is curved in a non-zero angle relative to the plane of the first area. The flexible display further includes a plurality of wires that extend over from the first area to the second area of the flexible substrate. Each of the wires is covered by an upper insulating pattern, which is separated from other upper insulating pattern. Each upper insulating pattern covering the wire has substantially the same trace pattern shape of the corresponding wire thereunder. Accordingly, by adopting the above-described wire structure and upper insulating layer structure, crack generation and propagation in the wires and the insulating layers from bending of the flexible display can be minimized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display apparatus that does not include a middle mold and a rear chassis, and is capable of supporting an internal configuration of a display apparatus such as a display panel and a light guide plate with only a front chassis and a rear cover. It is possible to effectively dissipate heat by including a separate heat sink. In addition, heat generated from the electrical component substrate can be dissipated through the plate coupled to the electrical component substrate, the electromagnetic wave can be shielded, and the heat sink and the plate can be connected to improve the heat dissipation and electromagnetic wave shielding efficiency.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a backlight assembly, a back cover and a curve control assembly. The back cover has a curved shape and faces the display panel with the backlight assembly therebetween to cover a back surface of the backlight assembly. The curve control assembly is between the backlight assembly and the back cover to adjust a curved degree of the display panel. The curve control assembly includes a first rail, a second rail, and a rolling unit. The first rail is coupled to the back surface of the backlight assembly, and the second rail is coupled to the back cover to face the first rail. The rolling unit is commonly connected to each of the first rail and the second rail and is movable along the first and second rails to move the display panel in directions toward and away from the back cover.

Abstract: Provided is an image source unit including a layer including a light transmissive portion and an in-between portion, which can improve the use efficiency of light from a light source and improve the quality of display, including a liquid crystal panel and an optical sheet arranged on a lower polarizing plate side from the liquid crystal panel, wherein: the optical sheet includes a base material layer, an optical functional layer, and an adhesive layer; the optical functional layer includes a plurality of light transmissive portions having one extending direction along a face of the base material layer having a predetermined cross section, arranged in a different direction from the extending direction at predetermined intervals, and a plurality of in-between portions formed in the intervals of the adjacent light transmissive portions; and the lower polarizing plate and the optical sheet are adhered to each other by the adhesive layer.

Abstract: Provided is an image source unit including a layer including a light transmissive portion and an in-between portion, which can improve the use efficiency of light from a light source and improve the quality of display, including a liquid crystal panel and an optical sheet arranged on a lower polarizing plate side from the liquid crystal panel, wherein: the optical sheet includes a base material layer, an optical functional layer, and an adhesive layer; the optical functional layer includes a plurality of light transmissive portions having one extending direction along a face of the base material layer having a predetermined cross section, arranged in a different direction from the extending direction at predetermined intervals, and a plurality of in-between portions formed in the intervals of the adjacent light transmissive portions; and the lower polarizing plate and the optical sheet are adhered to each other by the adhesive layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel and a backlight assembly. A light source unit of the backlight assembly includes a light source board including a conductive pattern, a light emitting chip on the light source board and electrically connected to the conductive pattern, a wavelength conversion member covering the light emitting chip and converting a wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting chip; and diffusion particles in the wavelength conversion member. The light emitting chip includes a rear surface facing the light source board, a top surface opposite to the rear surface and a side surface connecting the rear surface to the top surface. A density of the diffusion particles in the wavelength conversion member at the top surface of the light emitting chip is greater than a density of the diffusion particles in the wavelength conversion member at the side surface of the light emitting chip.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal display panel that includes red color filters, green color filters, and blue color filters; and an illumination device that illuminates the liquid crystal display panel with white light. The illumination device includes light-emitting elements that emit blue light, a green phosphor that absorbs a portion of the blue light emitted from the light-emitting elements and then emits green light, and a red phosphor that absorbs a portion of the blue light emitted from the light-emitting elements and then emits red light. The blue color filters are made of a colored material that contains a dye, and the chromaticity values x and y of the white light emitted from the illumination device satisfy the relationships 0.24<x and 0.24<y.

Abstract: Provide are a composite optical sheet used for a liquid crystal display (LCD) device and a method of manufacturing the composite optical sheet. The LCD device includes: a liquid crystal panel; a surface light-emitting module; a base layer disposed between the liquid crystal panel and the surface light-emitting module; a diffusion pattern layer disposed on a surface of the base layer facing the surface light-emitting module and configured to diffuse light incident from the surface light-emitting module; a prism pattern layer disposed on a surface of the base layer facing the liquid crystal panel and including a plurality of first unit prisms; and a prism film adhered to the prism pattern layer and including a plurality of second unit prisms.

Abstract: A display device includes a first arc-shaped fixing member, a second arc-shaped fixing member, an optical element, an optical film assembly and a display panel. The first arc-shaped fixing member is disposed corresponding to the second arc-shaped fixing member, and the second arc-shaped fixing member is connected to the edge of the first arc-shaped fixing member. The optical element is disposed between the first arc-shaped fixing member and the second arc-shaped fixing member so as to form a curve surface. The optical film assembly is disposed adjacent to the optical element. The display panel is disposed corresponding to the second arc-shaped fixing member and located at one side of the second arc-shaped fixing member away from the optical element.

Abstract: A backplate having a folding region and an unfolding region adjacent to the folding region includes: first and second material layers corresponding to the folding and unfolding regions; and a third material layer between the first and second material layers, the third material layer is more rigid than the first and second materials layers, wherein the first and second material layers extend from the folding region to the unfolding regions such that a thickness of the first and second material layers is gradually reduced from the folding region to the unfolding region.

Abstract: A photoluminescent panel includes a lower substrate, an upper substrate facing the lower substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, and a color conversion layer disposed on the upper substrate. The color conversion layer includes a light excitation particle which absorbs light having a desired wavelength and emits excited light, and a scattering particle which scatters the excited light.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a liquid crystal panel of a vertical alignment (VA) type; first and second TAC (triacetyl cellulose) films which sandwich the liquid crystal panel; first and second retardation plates which sandwich the first and second TAC films; and first and second polarizers which sandwich the first and second retardation plates. The first and second polarizers include first and second absorption axes, respectively, which are substantially perpendicular to each other. The first and second retardation plates include first and second slow axes, respectively, which are substantially perpendicular to each other. The first and second slow axes intersect at about 45° with the first and second absorption axes, respectively.

Abstract: A display device includes a base substrate; a pixel electrode on the base substrate; a first conductive bar which is adjacent to and separated from a first edge of the pixel electrode in a top plan view, the first conductive bar disposed in a same layer as the pixel electrode; and a common electrode which overlaps the pixel electrode. In the top plan view, the first conductive bar includes: a first body which lengthwise extends along the first edge of the pixel electrode and includes an edge which faces the first edge of the pixel electrode, and a first ridge pattern and a second ridge pattern each protruding from the edge of the first body and toward the pixel electrode, the first and second ridge patterns consecutively disposed along a lengthwise direction of the first body.

Abstract: A display device according to an exemplary embodiment includes: a substrate; a thin film transistor; a pixel electrode; a common electrode; an insulation layer disposed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode; a roof layer spaced apart from the pixel electrode with a plurality of microcavities disposed therebetween; and a liquid crystal layer disposed in the microcavities; wherein the pixel electrode includes n branch electrodes that extend parallel with each other, a first connection electrode that connects a first end of a first branch electrode and a first end of a second branch electrode, and a second connection electrode that connects second ends of the n branch electrodes, where the n branch electrodes each has a shape that is bent at least once on a plan view, and the first branch electrode includes a first sub-branch electrode and a second sub-branch that are spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: A pixel electrode is configured of one comb tooth portion and a contact portion whose width is widened from the end portion of the comb tooth portion in a first direction that is the extending direction of a scanning line. The width of the contact portion is not expanded in a direction opposite to the first direction, and the production of a domain is prevented. A picture signal line is bent in the direction in which the width of the contact portion of the pixel electrode is widened, so that the comb tooth portion of the pixel electrode can be disposed in the center between the picture signal lines, and the width of the contact portion can be formed in a sufficient width in the direction in which the picture signal line is bent. Thus, the contact margin of the pixel electrode can be provided.

Abstract: A pixel structure is provided. The pixel structure has a first substrate, a scan line, a data line, an active device, a pixel electrode, and a conductive strip-shaped pattern. The scan line and the data line are located on the first substrate. The active device is electrically connected to the scan lines and the data line. The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the active device. The conductive strip-shaped pattern is correspondingly disposed over the data line. The conductive strip-shaped pattern has an opening at least partially overlapped with the data line in a vertical projection at the first substrate.

Abstract: A transistor substrate is provided. The transistor substrate includes a plurality of data lines and a plurality of scan lines, wherein the scan lines intersects with the data lines to define a plurality of pixel units. One of the pixel units includes a first electrode having a slit substantially parallel to the data lines. The pixel units include a second electrode and a switching transistor. The switching transistor includes a gate electrode connecting to one of the scan lines. The gate electrode has a first edge substantially parallel to the extending direction of the scan lines. The switching transistor includes a drain electrode electrically connected to one of the first electrode and the second electrode. The drain electrode includes an extending portion which extends toward the slit and extends away from an extending line of the first edge. The drain electrode and the slit have an overlapping region.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of a dispersion comprising coloured or black particles, such coloured or black particles prepared by the process, the use of the dispersion and the coloured or black particles in electrophoretic fluids, and electrophoretic display devices comprising such fluids.

Abstract: A see-through dimming panel includes first and second transparent substrate layers and suspended-particle-device (SPD) layer therebetween. A first transparent conductor layer is between the first transparent substrate layer and the SPD layer, and a second transparent conductor layer is between the second transparent substrate layer and the SPD layer. A first electrode is electrically coupled to the first transparent conductor layer. Second and third electrodes are electrically coupled to opposite ends of the second transparent conductor layer. An electric potential difference applied between the first and second electrodes controls a transmittance level of the SPD layer. An electric potential difference applied between the second and third electrodes, which results in a transverse electric field, controls a speed at which the transmittance level of the SPD layer decreases when the electric potential difference applied between the first and second electrodes controls is decreased.

Abstract: A multi-color electrophoretic medium contains first, second and third species of particles. The first species of particles is light-scattering, while the second and third species of particles are transmissive. A method for driving such a display is also described.

Abstract: A spot size converter includes: a first semiconductor waveguide structure having a first width enabling single mode propagation; a second semiconductor waveguide structure having a second width greater than the first width, a second semiconductor waveguide structure including an end face for optically coupling with an external waveguide; a third semiconductor waveguide structure having a third width greater than the first and second widths, the third semiconductor waveguide structure being optically coupled to the second semiconductor waveguide structure; and a single tapered waveguide having a first end portion connected to the third semiconductor waveguide structure, and a second end portion connected to the first semiconductor waveguide structure, the single tapered waveguide having a width gradually changing in a direction from the first end portion to the second end portion.

Abstract: An optical device may include at least two waveguides with different propagation constants. Each waveguide is associated with a grating antenna with a grating period selected to emit light at the same emission angle despite the different propagation constants. Each waveguide may be part of an optical path that includes phase shifters. Additionally, the waveguides may be formed in a waveguide layer that is separate from a perturbation layer in which the grating antennas as formed.

Abstract: Ring modulators based on interdigitated junctions may be driven in full or partial standing wave mode and, active regions (providing the modulation) and light-absorptive regions (e.g. providing electrical conduction) are placed in a pattern inside a resonant cavity in order to match the maxima and minima of the optical field, respectively. The pattern may be periodic to match the periodicity of a typical electromagnetic field which is periodic with the wavelength. It may also be aperiodic in the case that the cross-section or materials are engineered along the direction of propagation such that the propagation constant (and thus wavelength, i.e. optical wave “local periodicity”) change along the propagation direction.

Abstract: A light control system is provided with a spatial light modulator of a liquid-crystal type, an input unit, and a controller. The input unit is configured to input a light to the spatial light modulator. The controller is configured to cause the spatial light modulator to function as a diffraction grating by electrically controlling the spatial light modulator. The controller is configured to change a path of a diffracted light from the spatial light modulator corresponding to the light input from the input unit by changing a shape of the diffraction grating.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus are disclosed for attenuating an incident polarized light beam using a plurality of LCPGs and one or more switchable liquid crystal layers. When four LCPGs are used, a spacing between first and second LCPGs can be equal to a spacing between third and fourth LCPGs. Pi and FCL cells can also be used in place of more traditional LC switches. Switching of the LC switch can be imparted via an AC bias.

Abstract: A temperature compensated carrier effect switching cell controls phase shifts to compensate for phase errors induced by temperature difference between arms of the switching cell. The temperature difference may be generated by driving the carrier effect region of the switching cell. Temperature sensors within the arms of the switching cell provide signals indicative of the temperature difference.

Abstract: A lens cover includes a housing defining an optical aperture. A pair of opposed lens cover blades are each pivotally mounted to the housing at a common pivot point. A biasing member biases the blades apart from one another about the pivot point to uncover the optical aperture in an open position. A pair of magnetic members is included, each magnetic member being mounted to a respective one of the blades to bias the blades together to cover the optical aperture in a closed position.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus includes a circuit board, a solid-state image sensing device disposed on an upper surface of the circuit board, a cylindrical lens barrel disposed above the circuit board, a lens housed in the lens barrel, and a holding member that holds the lens barrel and the circuit board therein. The solid-state image sensing device is positioned in an enclosed space formed by the lens barrel and the circuit board. The lens barrel has a first flange portion protruding in a direction perpendicular to a central axis of the lens barrel. The holding member has a first fitting groove portion in which the first flange portion of the lens barrel is fit. A thermal expansion coefficient of the holding member is smaller than a thermal expansion coefficient of the lens barrel.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus which is able to obtain an image with high sharpness within a short period of time using a simple structure when operated in a low-temperature environment. A lens unit and a heater are provided in an internal space of a main case, and the internal space is divided into a first closed space and a second closed space via an opening, which is opened and closed by a valve member. A detecting unit detects a temperature in the internal space. An opening and closing unit opens and closes the valve member. A control unit controls opening and closing actions of the valve member.

Abstract: A panoramic camera support.

Abstract: A driving apparatus which is capable of smoothly moving a follower by a cam portion, and realizes the stopper structure of the follower by a small number of components without the size increased. The driving apparatus comprises an up cam gear having an up radial cam and an up thrust cam, and a down cam gear unit having a down radial cam and a down thrust cam. The up cam gear and the down cam gear unit mesh with each other in a vicinity of a region in which a lift amount of the up radial cam with respect to the follower increases. In a vicinity of a position at which the up cam gear and the down cam gear unit mesh with each other, a lift amount of the up thrust cam is larger than a lift amount of the down thrust cam in the thrust direction.

Abstract: An illumination system and a projection device are disclosed. The illumination system includes laser light sources, a color wheel element and light combiners. The laser light sources provide laser lights of different colors. One of the laser light sources is disposed on an optical axis. The color wheel element is disposed on the optical axis and on a transmission path of the laser lights, and adjusts wavelengths of the laser lights. The light combiners are disposed on the optical axis and between the laser light source and the color wheel element. The light combiners are pervious to the laser lights or reflect the laser lights to combine the laser lights on the optical axis. The illumination system uses the laser light sources to provide lights of different colors, and in collaboration with a configuration structure of the optical elements thereof, the laser lights with a wider color gamut are provided.