Abstract: The present invention provides for a method for dissolving and/or depolymerizing lignin comprising: (a) providing a composition comprising lignin, (b) contacting the composition with a strong hydrogen donor, such as a polyol, to form a first solution, (c) incubating the first solution at a temperature equal to or less than 100° C., whereby at least 20% by weight of the lignin is dissolved, (d) optionally introducing an oxidation agent to the first solution to form a second solution, wherein the temperature of the second solution is equal to or less than 100° C., whereby lignin is depolymerized, and (e) optionally introducing an anti-solvent to the second solution to precipitate the depolymerized lignin.

Abstract: Essentially pure compounds of the formulas (I) to (V) are provided. Compositions and methods for enhancing or stimulating an immune response are also provided. The compounds, provided are advantageous in that the compounds are essentially pure and free from contaminants encountered when such compounds are purified from natural sources.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention relates to a compound of the general formula. The compound of formula is suitable for use in a method for treating a disorder relating to the binding of a galectin, such as galectin-3 to a ligand in a mammal, such as a human. Furthermore an embodiment of the present invention concerns a method for treatment of a disorder relating to the binding of a galectin, such as galectin-3 to a ligand in a mammal, such as a human.

Abstract: Novel diterpene glycosides and methods for purifying the same are provided herein. In addition, compositions comprising the novel diterpene glycosides, as well as methods of using the diterpene glycosides are provided. Novel diterpene glycosides and methods for purifying the same are provided herein. In addition, compositions comprising the novel diterpene glycosides, as well as methods of using the diterpene glycosides are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides triazole macrocyclic compounds useful as therapeutic agents. More particularly, these compounds are useful as anti-infective, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and prokinetic agents. These compounds are represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1, R2, etc. are defined as in claim 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of the general formula (1). The compound of formula (1) is suitable for use in a method for treating a disorder relating to the binding of a galectin, such as galectin-3 to a ligand in a mammal, such as a human. Furthermore the present invention concerns a method for treatment of a disorder relating to the binding of a galectin, such as galectin-3 to a ligand in a mammal, such as a human.

Abstract: A nucleic acid complex includes a single-stranded nucleic acid and a cross-linked double-stranded nucleic acid including the first nucleic acid strand linked to at least one of the 5? end and the 3? end of the single-stranded nucleic acid and the second nucleic acid strand including a base sequence that is completely or sufficiently complementary to the first nucleic acid strand.

Abstract: Various prodrug compounds having the general structure: Active agent-(acid)-(linker)-SO2NR1R2 are described herein. Compounds having this general structure were shown to be more orally active than the unmodified parent molecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides means and methods for equipping a polypeptide of interest at its C-terminus with a versatile adaptor amino acid that allows the functionalization of the polypeptide of interest.

Abstract: A chromatography device for removing a solute from a fluid is provided. The device has a first plate having an inlet and a first channel. The first channel directs the fluid from the inlet towards chromatographic media housed in a chamber coupled to the first plate. The chamber has a leading edge for receiving the fluid from the first channel and a trailing edge for delivering the fluid to a second channel. The chromatographic media is configured to remove the solute from the fluid as the fluid passes through the chamber. The device also has a second plate coupled to the chamber having the second channel and an outlet. The second channel directs the fluid from the chamber to the outlet. The direction of flow of fluid through the first channel and the second channel is transverse to a direction of flow of the fluid through the chromatographic media. A method of removing a solute from a fluid is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a preparation method of a composition containing a nitrogen heterocyclic hexapeptide precursor, composition A and B containing a nitrogen heterocyclic hexapeptide precursor of a compound having formula I and formula II obtained by the method, and an application of the composition used for preparing a compound having formula III.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel cell penetrating peptide that transports proteins into cells and/or into nuclei and a pharmaceutical containing the peptide.

Abstract: In one aspect, this disclosure features compounds of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: AA1-Arg-Val-AA4-AA5-His-Pro-AA8-OH ??(I), in which AA1, AA4, AA5, and AA8 are defined in the specification. The compounds of formula (I) can be used to treat hypertension (e.g., hypertension induced by pregnancy), preeclampsia, or a renal disease induced by pregnancy.

Abstract: This invention provides novel guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) agonists and their therapeutic use. The agonists may be used either alone or in combination with one or more additional agents.

Abstract: The present invention features the use of compstatin and complement inhibiting analogs thereof for treating and/or preventing age related macular degeneration and other conditions involving macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, and/or retinal neovascularization. The invention also provides compositions comprising compstatin or a complement inhibiting analog thereof and a second therapeutic agent. The invention also provides compositions comprising compstatin or a complement inhibiting analog thereof and a gel-forming material, e.g., soluble collagen, and methods of administering the compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to conjugates of cyclosporin with quinolium mitochondrial targeting groups, and their therapeutic uses.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fusion protein comprising an HPV cancer-causing protein segment, a coding sequence thereof and an application thereof in preparing drugs for detecting or treating HPV-related diseases. The fusion protein can simultaneously induce the humoral immunity and the cellular immunity for a high-risk HPV cancer protein and has anti-cancer activity in vivo.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions and methods useful for treating HCMV infection. As described herein, the compositions and methods are based on development of immunogenic compositions that include virus-like particles (VLPs) which comprise one or more Moloney Murine leukemia virus (MMLV) core proteins and include one or more HCMV epitopes, such as, for example, from HCMV envelope glycoproteins gB and/or gH and/or tegument protein pp65. Among other things, the present invention encompasses the recognition that a combination of antigens (e.g., envelope glycoproteins and structural proteins) can lead to beneficial immune responses, for example that include both a humoral response (e.g., production of neutralizing antibodies) and a cellular response (e.g., T-cell activation).

Abstract: Provided are isolated polypeptides which are at least 80% homologous to SEQ ID NOs: 182-184, 186-202, 204-216, 219-223, 225, 227-232, 235-236, 238, 240-260, 262-268, 270-275, 277-287, 289-297, 3651-3671, 3686, 3720-3721, 3724, 3727, 3735, 3754, 3774, 3795-4304, 4316, 4374, 4425, 4464, 4481-4813, 4824, 4833, 4843-4844, 4867-4869, 4888, 4890-4891, 5005-5050, 5053-5070, 5093, 5217, 5231, 5233, 5239, 5246, 5255, 5257-5296, 5412, 5415-5429, 5447-5456, 5465-5673, 5675-5686, 5688-5695, 5697-5698, 5700, 5702-5707, 5709-5715, 5717-5785, 5831, 5869, 5980, 6010-6043, 6045-6053, 6055-6093, 6132, 6383, 6405, 6493, 6523, 6533-6537, and 6563-6589, isolated polynucleotides encoding same, nucleic acid constructs comprising same, transgenic cells expressing same, transgenic plants expressing same and method of using same for increasing yield, abiotic stress tolerance, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, photosynthetic capacity, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of a plan

Abstract: An isolated protein that is highly abundant in the seed of wheat varieties with desirable breadmaking qualities is provided. Associated promoters and promoter active fragments are also provided. Further provided are plants or plant parts with improved or enhanced breadmaking properties, and methods of producing such plants, wherein the abundance of the isolated protein is increased or enhanced. Such plants and/or plant parts may be used in the production of plant products, for example bread and read products.

Abstract: Methods and materials for genetically engineering methylotrophic yeast are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides diagnostic tools, systems, and methods for detecting wild type p53 and p53-associated mutations for the treatment of disease with peptidomimetic macrocycles.

Abstract: The present invention provides for chimeric Wnt antagonists comprising a Frz domain component derived from a Frizzled protein, a secreted Frizzled related protein or Ror protein and an Fc immunoglobulin component, and their use in the treatment and diagnostic detection of cellular Wnt signaling and Wnt-mediated disorders, including cancer.

Abstract: According to the embodiments described herein, a series of biological materials for treatment/therapy of DMD and/or BMD through the recovery of sarcolemmal nNOS is provided. The biological material comprises the complete dystrophin repeats R16 and R17 or certain domains, sections, or fragments of the dystrophin repeats R16 and R17. In some aspects, such domains, sections, or fragments may be selected from sequence motifs including dystrophin R17 ?1 helix, ?2 and ?3 helices of both R16 and R17, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include amyloid ? (A?) peptides. In certain aspects, the A? peptides include a chiral substitution at an electrostatic cluster amino acid residue. Also provided are compositions, non-human animals, and kits that include the A? peptides. Methods involving the A? peptides are also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are peptides and variant peptides that exhibit enhanced activity at the GLP-1 receptor, as compared to native glucagon.

Abstract: The invention provides FGFR fusion proteins, methods of making them, and methods of using them to treat proliferative disorders, including cancers and disorders of angiogenesis. The FGFR fusion molecules can be made in CHO cells and may comprise deletion mutations in the extracellular domains of the FGFRs which improve their stability. These fusion proteins inhibit the growth and viability of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The combination of the relatively high affinity of these receptors for their ligand FGFs and the demonstrated ability of these decoy receptors to inhibit tumor growth is an indication of the clinical value of the compositions and methods provided herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to materials and methods of conjugating a water soluble polymer to an oxidized carbohydrate moiety of a therapeutic protein comprising contacting the oxidized carbohydrate moiety with an activated water soluble polymer under conditions that allow conjugation. More specifically, the present invention relates to a modified, recombinant Factor VIII (FVIII) with extended half-life and reduced ligand-binding properties.

Abstract: The present invention describes a simple purification process for recombinant human serum albumin. The process results in highly purified protein with limited number of purification steps. The broth containing human albumin is clarified by centrifugation and microfiltration, diafiltered and captured by cation exchange chromatography by a process that allows 140-230 mg of albumin to be captured per mi of resin. Product related impurities are removed by hydrophobic interaction chromatography, optimised to allow 87-97% recovery in flow through mode. The final series of processes are so combined that there is easy transition from one step to the next with minimal interventions and adjustments. The entire process of purification is completed within two days from harvest to final product. Thus a cost-effective process with improved recovery of protein at each step is developed. The purified human serum albumin is analyzed for purity and shows physicochemical characteristics that are similar to standard albumin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite comprising a novel antibody and at least one selected from the group consisting of a solid phase support and a labeled substance. The antibody consists of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 08, and is capable of binding to an intranuclear protein of an influenza virus type A. The influenza virus type A is at least one selected from the group consisting of H1N1, H2N2, H3N2, and H7N9. The antibody is bound to the at least one selected from the group consisting of a solid phase support. The present invention also provides a detection device and a detection method using the composite.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite comprising a novel antibody and at least one selected from the group consisting of a solid phase support and a labeled substance. The antibody consists of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 08, and is capable of binding to an intranuclear protein of an influenza virus type A. The influenza virus type A is at least one selected from the group consisting of H1N1, H2N2, H3N2, and H7N9. The antibody is bound to the at least one selected from the group consisting of a solid phase support. The present invention also provides a detection device and a detection method using the composite.

Abstract: Antibodies having Fab regions that specifically bind to Staphylococcus aureus protein A are capable of mediating opsinization of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria despite their expression of antibody-neutralizing protein A. These antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof can be used in methods of treating and/or preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections.

Abstract: Antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof that bind to human protein tyrosine phosphatase beta (HPTP?), and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to immunoglobulins with reduced aggregation and compositions, methods of generating such immunoglobulins with computational tools and methods of using such immunoglobulins particularly in the treatment and prevention of disease.

Abstract: The invention provides improved agents and methods for treatment of diseases associated with synucleinopathic diseases, including Lewy bodies of alpha-synuclein in the brain of a patient. Such methods entail administering agents that induce a beneficial immunogenic response against the Lewy body. The methods are particularly useful prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Abstract: Eculizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against C5 that inhibits terminal complement activation, showed activity in a preliminary 12-week open-label trial in a small cohort of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). The present study examined whether chronic eculizumab therapy could reduce intravascular hemolysis, stabilize hemoglobin levels, reduce transfusion requirements, and improve quality of life in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-center global Phase III trial. It has been found that eculizumab stabilized hemoglobin levels, decreased the need for transfusions, and improved quality of life in PNH patients via reduced intravascular hemolysis. Chronic eculizumab treatment appears to be a safe and effective therapy for PNH.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are anti-RGMa antibodies and methods of using these antibodies to treat spinal cord injury, including promoting axonal regeneration, functional recovery, or both and to treat pain, including neuropathic pain arising from spinal cord injury.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low acidic species (AR) compositions comprising a protein, e.g., an antibody, or antigen-binding portion thereof, and methods for producing such low AR compositions using displacement chromatography. Methods for using such compositions to treat a disorder, e.g., a disorder in which TNF? is detrimental, are also provided.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to the field of protein production and purification, and in particular to compositions and processes for controlling the distribution or amount of lysine variants expressed by host cells, as well as to compositions and processes for controlling the amount of lysine variants present in purified preparations.

Abstract: Methods for treating pancreatic cancer using an IL-20 antagonist, which can be an antibody that binds IL-20 or an IL-20 receptor, thereby blocking the signaling pathway mediated by IL-20.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of administrating bispecific anti-CD20×anti-CD3 antibodies.

Abstract: Described are antibodies that specifically bind to the Axl protein and inhibit the interaction between Axl and the Axl-ligand, Gas6. Also disclosed are methods for the production and use of the anti-Axl antibodies.

Abstract: Wnt signaling agonist compositions and methods for their use are provided. Wnt signaling agonists of the invention comprise a frizzled binding moiety, which is fused or conjugated to an LRP5 or LRP6 binding moiety and to an R-spondin agonist.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel bispecific anti-CD123 x anti-CD3 antibodies.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and compositions for treating autoimmunity and inflammatory conditions without non-specific suppression of the host immune system. In particular, the anti-OX40L antibodies described herein are unique in that they not only inhibit the differentiation of inflammatory T cells but also promote the generation and function of regulatory T cells by inducing IL-10 and inhibiting TNF-? and by reducing aberrant Th2 cell responses. Furthermore, the methods and compositions described herein eliminate or reduce aberrant T follicular helper cell- (Tfh) responses that may contribute to the pathogenicity of autoimmune disease.

Abstract: Modified glycoproteins, and methods of making and using such modified glycoproteins, are described.

Abstract: An anti-EphA2 scFv single-chain antibody binds with high specificity for EphA2 and blocks ephrin binding to Eph-A2. The antibody may be linked with other antigen-targeting domains, such as an anti-CD20 domain, or conjugated with toxins, or used in combination therapy to for treatment of conditions related to overexpression of EphA2. The antibody may also be expressed in vivo by an expression vector that is designed to facilitate such treatment.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods for treating progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) in a patient, and an article of manufacture with instructions for such use.

Abstract: Anti-human CD52 antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof are provided. Also provided are isolated nucleic acids, recombinant vectors and host cells for making the antibodies and fragments. The antibodies and fragments can be used in therapeutic applications to treat, for example, autoimmune diseases, cancer, and graft rejection.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecules, PD-1 axis binding antagonists, and in particular to combination therapies employing such T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecules and PD-1 axis binding antagonists, and their use of these combination therapies for the treatment of cancer.