Abstract: A plant for purifying a gas stream comprising at least 0.02% by volume of water, CO2 and NOx, comprising an adsorber characterized by: a cavity (1); an adsorbent (2) included in the cavity (1); an outer casing (3) made of carbon steel; an inner casing (4) made of stainless steel making a space having a width of between 10 and 100 mm between said inner casing and the outer casing, said space being at equal pressure with the cavity.

Abstract: An aftertreatment system comprises a housing having an inlet, an outlet and a sidewall. The housing defines an internal volume structured to receive an exhaust gas via the inlet. The sidewall defines an access opening. An access panel is operatively coupled to the sidewall and covers the access opening. The access panel defines a plurality of throughholes. Each of the plurality of throughholes are configured to receive a fastener therethrough for removably coupling the access panel to the sidewall. An injection port is also defined in the access panel. An injector is positioned on the access panel. The injector is removably coupled to the access panel via a coupling assembly so that the injector is in fluidic communication with the internal volume via the injection port. A SCR system is disposed in the internal volume and includes at least one catalyst formulated to decompose constituents of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: Disclosed is a separation membrane cartridge-cleaning apparatus for sewage treatment process. The apparatus conveniently cleans the separation membrane cartridges, thereby improving workability, as the separation membrane cartridges mounted within the membrane separation aerobic tank of the sewage treatment process are removed which have been contaminated while performing the solid-liquid separation of the contaminants contained in the sewage, and then the cartridges are separably mounted on the cartridge-cleaning apparatus of water mill type rotatably installed within the cleaning tank containing the cleaning liquid, and thereafter, the contaminated separation membrane cartridges are immersed in the cleaning liquid and the water and air are sprayed from filter-cleaning means above the cartridges to clean the cartridges.

Abstract: Provided herein are filtration membranes, method of manufacturing said membranes and use of such membranes for the removal of substances from fluids or substances.

Abstract: Perforated graphene sheets can be used in forming separation membranes. Separation membranes of the present disclosure, which can be used in gas separation processes in some embodiments, can include one or more polymer layers and one or more layers of perforated graphene. Methods for separating a gas mixture can include contacting a gas mixture with the separation membranes, and transiting one or more of the gases through the perforated graphene so as to affect separation.

Abstract: This invention relates to uses of graphene oxide, and in particular graphene oxide on a porous support, and a membrane comprising these materials. This invention also relates to methods of dehydration, which include vapour phase separation and pervaporation. Pervaporation is a method of separating mixtures of liquids using a membrane. Pervaporation consists of two basic steps: permeation of the permeate through the membrane and evaporation of the permeate from the other side of the membrane. Pervaporation is a mild which can be used to separate components which would not survive the comparatively harsh conditions needed for distillation (high temp, and/or low pressure).

Abstract: A polymer composition containing a polymer (B) obtained by polymerizing a monomer composition containing: a methacrylic acid ester macromonomer (b1) represented by the following formula (1); and another monomer (b2). Also, a porous membrane formed from a membrane forming polymer (A) and the aforementioned polymer composition.

Abstract: An aerator for aerating water comprises a distribution system for distributing air below the water surface and a compressor with an air inlet and at least one air outlet. The compressor is configured to be placed below the water surface. The infiltration of water at the air inlet is prevented by an intake pipe with one open end above the water surface and the other open end has a watertight connection to the compressor. The distribution system has a watertight connection to the air outlet and, due to its nature or by at least one valve, can hold back water. The housing is in thermal contact with the water to cool the compressor. The compressor is a centrifugal compressor that comprises an impeller that is driven by a shaft that it is mounted on air bearings, magnetic bearings or both.

Abstract: A sample introduction system provides mixing of a sample and a diluent within the container via gas injection. In one or more implementations, the sample introduction system causes a probe of an autosampler to be inserted into a container containing a sample and a diluent so that an end of the probe is submerged beneath a surface of the diluent and the sample. Gas is then injected through the probe to mix the sample and the diluent within the container. An aliquot of the mixed sample and diluent is then withdrawn through the probe.

Abstract: Described here is a metal-carbon composite, comprising (a) a porous three-dimensional scaffold comprising one or more of carbon nanotubes, graphene and graphene oxide, and (b) metal nanoparticles disposed on said porous scaffold, wherein the metal-carbon composite has a density of 1 g/cm3 or less, and wherein the metal nanoparticles account for 1 wt. % or more of the metal-carbon composite. Also described are methods for making the metal-carbon composite.

Abstract: Methods and systems for heating a reactor feed in a multi reactor hydrocarbon dehydrogenation process. The methods and systems are advantageously employed for the production of styrene by the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. The catalytic dehydrogenation process employs heating steam operating at a steam to oil ratio of about 1.0 or less and relatively low steam superheater furnace temperature, such that all components exposed to steam in the process (outside of the fired heaters) can be constructed with standard metallurgy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a protein or peptide printing method, comprising (a) a step for preparing nucleic acids and a cell-free protein synthesis system in an engraved plate composed of microscopic grooves having a specific opening shape, (b) a step for superimposing a substrate on the engraved plate so as to contact a protein or peptide to be synthesized in the microscopic grooves, and (c) a step for synthesizing the protein or peptide from the nucleic acids using the cell-free protein synthesis system in the microscopic grooves, and immobilizing the protein or peptide on the substrate along the specific opening shapes of the microscopic grooves.

Abstract: A hydrogen generator, a fuel pellet assembly for use in the hydrogen generator and a fuel cell system are disclosed. The hydrogen generator includes a housing having a lid pivotally connected to a base and a strip having a plurality of heaters on one side and a second plurality of heaters on the opposite side. A first cartridge is disposed on one side of the strip and a second cartridge is disposed on the opposite side. Each of the first and second cartridges has a plurality of fuel pellets, each including a hydrogen-containing material that will release hydrogen gas when heated. The heaters are selectively activated to heat one or more fuel pellets to initiate the release of hydrogen gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a carbon dioxide absorbent and to the absorbent manufactured by the method. The method comprises: (A) a step of preparing a slurry composition including a carrier composition containing a support, an inorganic binder, and a solvent; (B) a step of preparing solid particles by spray drying the thus-prepared slurry composition; (C) a step of manufacturing a carrier by dry calcining the thus-prepared solid particles; and (D) a step of receiving an amine compound into the pores of the thus-manufactured carrier. According to the absorbent of the present invention, an absorbing reaction and a regenerating reaction at a low temperature range (less than or equal to 100° C. may be conducted, and therefore, the cost for capturing CO2 in a dry capturing process may be expected to decrease.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst filter, which includes a catalyst support and a nano metallic catalyst sprayed to a surface of the catalyst support. The catalyst filter uses catalyst slurry prepared by using a particulate catalyst, in which a small amount of nano metallic catalyst exhibiting a catalyst performance is sprayed to a surface of the catalyst support, different from an existing patent technique in which catalyst particles are formed and prepared as a support to consume a large amount of catalyst. Therefore, the specific surface area of the catalyst filter is not smaller than the specific surface area of the nano catalyst particles, and thus the catalyst filter may effectively remove and decompose ultra-low concentration gas-state contaminants in an indoor air.

Abstract: The honeycomb catalyst body is equipped with a honeycomb structure body having partition walls that define a plurality of cells extending from a first end face as one of the end faces to a second end face as the other end face and serving as through channels of a fluid. The partition walls each have a base layer containing from 50 to 90 mass % of zeolite and a coat layer with which the surface of the base layer 11 is coated with a thickness of from 1 to 50 ?m. The coat layer is either a coat layer (A) containing from 1 to 5 mass % vanadia and titania or a coat layer (B) containing from 1 to 5 mass % vanadia and a composite oxide of titania and tungsten oxide.

Abstract: A catalytic composition useful for the conversion of an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene or mixtures thereof, to acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and mixtures thereof. The catalytic composition comprises a complex of metal oxides comprising rubidium, bismuth, cerium, molybdenum, iron and other promoters, with a desirable composition.

Abstract: The application provides a catalyst for producing ethylene and propylene from methanol and/or dimethyl ether, and a preparation and application thereof. In the present application, a molecular sieve catalyst co-modified by rare earth metals and silanization is utilized. First, the material containing methanol and/or dimethyl ether reacts on the catalyst to generate hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbons are separated into a C1-C5 component and a C6+ component. Then the C6+ component is recycled to the feeding port and fed into the reactor after mixing with methanol and/or dimethyl ether. The above steps are repeated, to finally generate C1-C5 products, in which the selectivity for ethylene and propylene can reach more than 90 wt % in the C1-C5 component, so that the maximal yield can be achieved in the production of ethylene and propylene from methanol and/or dimethyl ether.

Abstract: To provide a hydrocarbon reforming/trapping material which is capable of adsorbing and reforming a hydrocarbon. A hydrocarbon reforming/trapping material of the present invention has an SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of from 7 to 12, and contains an Fe(II)-substituted beta zeolite which is ion-exchanged by Fe(II) ions. The amount of supported Fe(II) is preferably 0.001-0.5 mmol/g with respect to the Fe(II)-substituted beta zeolite. This Fe(II)-substituted beta zeolite is suitably produced by dispersing and mixing a beta zeolite having an SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of from 7 to 12 in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble compound of divalent iron, and mixing and stirring the solution, so that Fe(II) ions are supported on the beta zeolite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heavy oil catalytic cracking catalyst and preparation method thereof. The catalyst comprises 2 to 50% by weight of an ultra-stable rare earth type Y molecular sieve, 0.5 to 30% by weight of one or more other molecular sieves, 0.5 to 70% by weight of clay, 1.0 to 65% by weight of high-temperature-resistant inorganic oxides, and 0.01 to 12.5% by weight of rare earth oxide. The ultra-stable rare earth type Y molecular sieve is obtained as follows: the raw material, NaY molecular sieve, is subjected to a rare earth exchange and a dispersing pre-exchange, and the molecular sieve slurry is filtered, washed and subjected to a first calcination to produce a “one-exchange one-calcination” rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve, wherein the order of the rare earth exchange and the dispersing pre-exchange is not limited; and the “one-exchange one-calcination” rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve is further subjected to ammonium salt exchange for sodium reduction and a second calcination.

Abstract: The present application describes a novel type of picolinamide-cinchona organocatalyst that allows for the successful transformation of ketimines to chiral amines with very high enantioselectivities and with the highest TOFs reported for any particular organocatalyst to date. These organocatalysts have also been immobilized to a variety of solid supports, including magneto-nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present invention refers to processes for preparing catalyst loaded polyphenylene particles, the so-obtained polyphenylene particles and their use as catalysts.

Abstract: An alkyl tin compound having an alkyl group bonded to a tin atom, wherein the alkyl group is a branched alkyl or cyclic group-substituted alkyl group, the branched alkyl group being an alkyl group branched at at least one carbon atom of the first to third carbon atoms counting from the tin atom, and the cyclic group-substituted alkyl group being an alkyl group having a cyclic group bonded at at least one carbon atom of the first to third carbon atoms counting from the tin atom.

Abstract: Provided are a method of removing a perchlorate ion (ClO4?) and a nitrate ion (NO3?) which are toxic anions in wastewater using an anion-exchange resin on which a metal is supported, and more particularly an anion-exchange resin on which a hydrogen activating metal is supported or a hydrogen activating metal and a secondary metal are supported together and a method of removing toxic anions using the same. The toxic anions may be efficiently ion-exchanged and removed using an anion-exchange resin supporting a reduction catalyst, the regeneration of the anion-exchange resin may be facilitated, and the consumption of energy and the reducing agent may be reduced, thereby being usable in removal of toxic anions from an actual water purification system.

Abstract: Provided is a pipette tip having a visual indicator capable of confirming depth of liquid in contact with the pipette tip during a suction work. In the pipette tip, a marker-is formed on an outer surface of the pipette tip in a circumference direction in a tip end area in a tip end side for confirming the depth of liquid in contact with the pipette tip. Thereby, the depth of liquid in contact with the pipette tip is confirmed based on the marker directly or relatively.

Abstract: A testing module is provided. The testing module includes a carrier, a block member, and a sampling assembly. A flow path connects a storage chamber to a mixing chamber to guide the flow of a fluid. The block member is formed in the flow path to block the fluid from flowing from the storage chamber to the mixing chamber before the connection of the sampling assembly. When the sampling assembly which contains a test sample is connected to the carrier, the fluid mixes with the test sample and flows to the mixing chamber.

Abstract: A microfluidic device is provided. The microfluidic device includes a first transparent, solid support layer. A first polymeric layer defining at least one chamber is attached to the first transparent, solid support layer. A semi-permeable membrane is attached to the first polymeric layer. A second polymeric layer is attached to the opposite side of the semi-permeable membrane from the first polymeric layer. The second polymeric layer has a thickness of less than 300 microns and defines at least one chamber positioned to overlap with at least one chamber in the first polymeric layer. A first manifold structure is attached to an input end of at least one chamber and a second manifold structure is attached to an output end of at least one chamber.

Abstract: Provided is an allergen detecting apparatus that can combine with an allergen microarray chip, and the apparatus comprises a microfluidic chip and a clamping unit. The allergen microarray chip can be any commercial chip and a reaction region of the microfluidic chip is configured to fit tightly with a microarray region of the allergen microarray chip allowing a sample or a reagent to contact with a protein allergen disposed on the microarray region. The present invention also provides a platform comprising a control system configured to automatically perform the mixing/binding reactions of the antibody/antigen in the apparatus of the present invention to achieve a faster, more cost-effective, and accurate detection of allergens.

Abstract: Covers for microwells, the covers comprising open portions to allow a pipette access to one or more wells and impermeable portions which prevent the liquids from getting into wells shielded by the impermeable portion. The open portions and impermeable portions are preferably arranged and sized to align with alternating rows of wells in a particular microplate. Preferred covers are movably positioned on the microplate and comprise alignment adjusting members for adjusting the alignment of the cover with a microplate. Automated dispensing apparatus for use with microplates and microwell covers comprises a programmable controller, and suitable interfaces which allow the apparatus to be programmed, and which control a dispensing head such that pipettes are moved in the desired manner in order to take advantage of the protective features of the microwell covers. The apparatus also preferably comprises at least one transfer mechanism for moving a cover relative to a microplate at a dispensing station.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing samples for chemical analysis includes a container receptacle for receiving a sample container having a crucible portion and an expansion portion. The container receptacle includes a heating compartment and a cooling compartment spaced apart from the heating compartment. The heating compartment is shaped to receive the crucible portion of the sample container, and the cooling compartment is shaped to receive the expansion portion of the sample container. The apparatus also includes a heating mechanism for heating the sample within the crucible portion of the sample container, a first cooling mechanism for cooling the expansion portion of the sample container, and a second cooling mechanism for cooling the crucible portion of the sample container.

Abstract: Disclosed are grain crushing apparatuses and processes for processing grain. In one embodiment, a grain crushing apparatus includes a first and second sidewall spaced apart from one another a throat dimension in a first direction, and a first and second support shaft positioned transverse to the first and sidewall. The grain crushing apparatus also includes a first and second grain crushing roller. The grain crushing rollers are intermeshed with one another and maintained at positions spaced apart from one another such that they overlap by a distance less than the tooth height. The process is a method for the grown and harvested grain to be shelled, cleaned, stored and then incrementally or iteratively crushed by the shown apparatus or an equal type such that the crushed grain of various sizes may be separated by a sieve and remain as crushed grain with the germ protected uncut, unruptured and intact.

Abstract: A grinding device, in particular a vertical mill for grinding a grinding material, the grinding device including at least two grinding elements that are movable relative to one another, wherein the two grinding elements together form at least one grinding portion in which the grinding material is grindable by the two grinding elements; and at least one contact pressure device including at least one hydraulic cylinder including a cylinder operating chamber and at least one gas spring including a spring operating chamber, wherein the cylinder operating chamber and the spring operating chamber are flow connected with one another, wherein a contact force is impartible upon at least one of the grinding elements by the at least one contact pressure device and the grinding elements are pressable onto one another by the contact force.

Abstract: An oil centrifuge has an integral, rotatably mounted centrifuge rotor and a feed tube connected to the centrifuge rotor. A flow path is provided that supplies oil to the centrifuge rotor. The feed tube is a section of the flow path. The flow path has a throttle point having a reduced throttle cross section that is reduced relative to an upstream flow path cross section of the flow path upstream of the throttle point.

Abstract: A centrifuge, in particular a separator, includes a rotatable centrifuge drum with a vertical axis of rotation and a non-rotatable fixed housing with a hood and preferably a solids collector. In the centrifuge, the housing, in particular the fixed hood and/or at least one other part of the housing, have at least one first inner wall and a first outer wall which delimit a first cavity. The cavity is at least partly filled with damping/insulation agents that are solid at a process or ambient temperature. A coolant that has a fluid form at a process and/or ambient temperature can be introduced into the first cavity filled with the solid damping/insulation agents.

Abstract: A shower head with alternating outlet function, includes: an inlet waterway with an inlet port, an outlet port, a waterway, an outlet terminal having at least two mutually independent outlet cavities rotatably distributed on a plane, and all have outlet holes, alternating inlet holes and synchronous inlets; the outlet holes are disposed on the outlet surface of the shower head; and an alternating cavity with alternating inlets, fixed to the outlet terminal. The alternating cavity is connected to all alternating inlet holes. The interior thereof is disposed with a hydraulic alternating device to make the alternating inlets to connect to the alternating inlet holes in alternating manner driven by water pressure. The synchronous inlets and the alternating inlets are switched to connect to the outlet port by a water diversion plate.

Abstract: A ball joint connector is provided for linking a showerhead to a water supply pipe. The connector has an internal venturi that draws air into the connector to aerate water being provided to the showerhead. A flow control member is disposed in a fluid pathway connected to the venturi, preventing spraying or leaking out the air inlet, while reducing noise associated with the air induction.

Abstract: A viscous liquid feed nozzle has a nozzle body having a thin and long hole with a front end serving as a feed port. The nozzle is used with a viscous liquid feed unit to feed a viscous liquid such as a viscous adhesive from the feed port. The nozzle has a lubricative plated layer at least on the inside and outside of the feed port. The lubricative plated layer is formed by electroless plating by immersing the nozzle in a plating tank containing a lubricative plating solution. A base end of the nozzle body may have a wide port. In this case, the lubricative plated layer is formed by immersing the nozzle body in the plating tank containing the lubricative plating solution so that the lubricative plating solution enters the wide port and by applying pressure or gravity to the lubricative plating solution in the wide port to pass the lubricative plating solution through the thin and long hole of the nozzle body and discharge the same from the feed port.

Abstract: A wear part includes at least one wear component made from abrasion-resistant material and an upper seal groove around a central aperture on the upper face of the wear part. The upper seal groove is adapted to receive an axially compressible seal. A spray nozzle assembly includes at least one wear part made from a hard and abrasion-resistant material and a protective housing made from a strong and resilient material and having a downstream chamber adapted to receive one or more of the wear parts in releasably trapped relationship, the downstream chamber having a wall including a post defined by a slot in the downstream chamber wall either side of the post, the post including an inwardly extending protuberance at or near its end and adapted to prevent the wear part from escaping from the downstream chamber.

Abstract: A micronozzle device can include at least one layer having a plurality of nozzle exits for delivering a mixture of a first fluid and a second fluid, at least one first-fluid header layer having a plurality of first microchannels for receiving the first fluid, at least one first-fluid via layer adjacent the at least one first-fluid header layer to receive the first fluid and direct it to respective ones of the plurality of nozzle exits, at least one second-fluid header layer having a plurality of second microchannels for receiving the second fluid, at least one second-fluid via layer adjacent the at least one second-fluid header layer to receive the second fluid and direct it respective ones of the plurality of nozzle exits, and a plurality of first curtain-gas nozzles located at a first side of the micronozzle device and a plurality of second curtain-gas nozzles located at a second side of the micronozzle device.

Abstract: The invention concerns a handheld, dynamically movable surface spattering device, comprising at least one nozzle means for an expelling of a spattering material onto a target surface and a nozzle control mechanism to control characteristics of the expelling of the nozzle means. Furthermore, it comprises a spattering material supply, a storage with desired spattering data, which is predefined and comprised in a digital image or CAD-model memorized on the storage, a spatial referencing unit, to reference the spattering device relative to the target surface and a computation means to automatically control the expelling by the nozzle control mechanism according to information gained by the spatial referencing unit and according to the desired spattering data is evaluated and adjusted by changing the characteristics of expelling of the nozzle means in such a way that the target surface is spattered according to the desired spattering data.

Abstract: An atomizer for coating, for example automobile bodies, add-on parts and/or truck cabs is provided. The atomizer may be configured to apply one multi-component coating agent and one single-component coating agent from one application element, or to apply two different multi-component coating agents from one application element.

Abstract: A substrate plating apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a substrate holder; a plating bath configured to plate a surface of the substrate in a plating solution; a cleaning bath configured to clean the substrate holder and the substrate with a cleaning liquid; an inner shell disposed in the cleaning bath and configured to house the substrate holder holding the substrate therein; and a cleaning liquid supply conduit configured to supply a cleaning liquid into the inner shell to clean the substrate, together with the substrate holder, with the cleaning liquid. The inner shell has an inner surface having an uneven configuration that follows an uneven exterior configuration of the substrate holder holding the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying adhesive to both ends of each of a pair of rails for adhesive attachment to posts for example of a door includes a support head with two channels and center fence for supporting the rails in parallel position for presenting the ends side by side vertically upwardly to an adhesive applicator head with a nozzle guided by a three axis movable support. The support head is rotatable through 180 degrees about a transverse axis so as to present the other ends and there is provided a drive system defined by set of drive rollers for driving the rails up to an end stop position at which the presented ends are at the adhesive applicator head. A laser sensor detects the end profile to ensure that the adhesive pattern matches a preselected required layout and to ensure no contact between the nozzle and the profile.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a plunger, a plunger assembly, and a system for storing a substance or substances, preferably flowable substances, and a method of filling and sealing a substance in a storing system. In particular, the present invention provides for substantially air-free filling and storing of substances in a delivery system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for coating paper, wherein the coating material used is a biodegradable, aliphatic-aromatic polyester having a melt volume rate (MVR) according to EN ISO 1133 (190° C., 2.16 kg weight) of from 3 to 50 cm3/10 min.

Abstract: A drying system for drying a coating applied to an article of manufacture. The drying system includes an enclosable booth having an interior for housing the article of manufacture. The system also includes an air source for blowing air into the booth, means for raising the temperature of the air before entry into the booth, means for lowering the temperature of the air before entry into the booth, means for raising the humidity of the air before entry into the booth, and means for lowering the humidity of the air before entry into the booth. In one embodiment there is included at least one distribution cone which includes a conical member having a plurality of openings formed along the axis thereof. The cones emit air across an article of manufacture within the booth.

Abstract: A coating method is disclosed including disposing a coating composition into a fluidly communicating space defined by an internal surface of an article. The fluidly communicating space includes at least one aperture, which is sealed, forming an enclosed space. The internal surface and the coating composition are heated under autogenous pressure, coating the internal surface with the coating composition. The at least one aperture is unsealed, re-forming the fluidly communicating space. Another coating method is disclosed in which the coating composition is disposed into a reservoir which is connected in fluid communication with the enclosed space prior to heating under autogenous pressure, coating the internal surface with the coating composition. Yet another coating method is disclosed in which the coating composition and the article are disposed in a vessel, which is sealed, forming the enclosed space prior to heating under autogenous pressure, coating the internal surface with the coating composition.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include systems, methods and apparatus for pre-cleaning a substrate after chemical mechanical planarization processing. Embodiments provide a housing; a chuck assembly configured to securely hold a substrate within the housing; and a buffing pad assembly configured to rotate against the substrate while supported within the housing. The buffing pad assembly includes a buff pad, a compressible sub-pad coupled to the buff pad, and a pad holder coupled to the compressible sub-pad and a buffing motor configured to rotate the buffing pad assembly. Numerous additional aspects are disclosed.

Abstract: A control method for a dishwasher that includes a spray arm, a sump configured to provide a space where washing water is stored and to collect washing water sprayed from the spray arm, a housing configured to connect the sump and the spray arm, a heater located in the housing, an impeller located in the housing and above the heater, and a motor configured to rotate the impeller, is described. The control method includes the actions of supplying washing water to the sump; rotating the impeller by supplying electricity to the motor; measuring an amount of electric current supplied to the motor during the rotating of the impeller; and heating washing water located in the housing by operating the heater based on the amount of electric current supplied to the motor during the rotating of the impeller being greater than or equal to a preset reference amount.

Abstract: The cleaning process of cleaning an imprinting mold including a release layer coupled via siloxane bonds to a substrate of that release layer includes a first cleaning step and a second cleaning step. In the first cleaning step, the angle of contact of the surface of the release layer with water is made small, and in the second cleaning step, the alkali cleaning agent is brought in contact with the release layer that has gone through the first cleaning step.