Abstract: The present disclosure provides isolated antibodies that bind to acetaminophen-protein adducts that are useful in the detection and diagnosis of acetaminophen-induced toxicity.

Abstract: Provided herein are modified Fc proteins comprising non-natural amino acid residues at site-specific positions, conjugates of the modified Fc proteins for therapy or diagnosis, compositions comprising the modified Fc proteins and conjugates thereof, methods of their production and methods of their use. The modified Fc proteins and conjugates are useful for methods of treatment and prevention, methods of detection and methods of diagnosis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a cellulose dope comprising mixing and dissolving the cellulosic raw material in dilute and concentrated aqueous organic solvent in a two-stage process to form a homogeneous slurry, followed by heating the homogeneous slurry to obtain a cellulose dope containing 11% to 20% cellulose by weight. The invention also relates to a cellulose dope comprising 11% to 20% cellulose by weight and 73% to 79% aqueous organic solvent wherein the concentration of the cellulosic and metallic impurities in the cellulose dope shows a percent reduction of 20% to 50% from the cellulosic raw material.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of destructured starch derivatives as hysteresis reduction additive in elastomer compositions and elastomer compositions containing those derivatives.

Abstract: This invention relates to new destructured starch derivatives and elastomer compositions containing them. In particular this invention relates to destructured starch silyl ethers in which at least one oxygen atom of the destructured starch is covalently bonded to at least one silicon atom and/or to at least one compound containing silicon.

Abstract: A polymeric blend composition comprising: (a) from about 1 to about 99 wt. % of a polymer; and (b) from about 1 to about 75 wt. % poly alpha-1,3-glucan is disclosed. The addition of alpha-1,3-glucan as a polymer filler can increase the tensile modulus, tensile strength and oxygen barrier properties of the polymeric blend composition.

Abstract: Processes for precipitating a polymer from a polymer-containing fluid are disclosed, which include providing a vessel housing a medium that provides one or more precipitation surfaces. A polymer-containing fluid, e.g., a polymer solution, dispersion or mixed solution/dispersion, and an anti-solvent can be introduced into the vessel so as to cause precipitation of at least a portion of the polymer on at least one of the precipitation surfaces. In some embodiments, the polymer contains one or more cyclic oligosaccharide moieties, such as one or more cyclodextrin moieties (e.g., ?-cyclodextrin, ?-cyclodextrin, and ?-cyclodextrin). The polymer can be any of a linear or branched polymer. The polymer can be any of polycation, a polyanion, or a non-ionic polymer. Also disclosed herein are precipitation surfaces with polymer precipitated thereon.

Abstract: A hydrogel product is comprising a chondroitin, molecule selected from the group consisting of chondroitin and chondroitin sulfate as the swellable polymer, wherein the chondroitin molecule is cross-linked into a network via its carboxyl groups. The hydrogel product can be prepared by a process comprising the steps of (a) providing chondroitin molecules; (b) activating the carboxyl groups on the chondroitin molecules with a triazine-based coupling reagent to form an activated, cross-linked chondroitin; and (c) cross-linking the activated chondroitin molecules via their carboxyl groups using a cross-linking agent. The hydrogel product is useful for treatment of soft tissue disorders.

Abstract: Acrylic syrup polymer composition are provided by partially polymerizing a (meth)acrylic monomer mixture in the presence of a thiol chain transfer agent to produce a first syrup polymer composition comprising a low molecular weight solute (meth)acrylic copolymer and solvent monomers, quenching the chain transfer agent, further polymerizing the first syrup polymer composition to produce a second syrup polymer composition comprising the low molecular weight solute acrylic copolymer, a high molecular weight solute acrylic copolymer and optionally unreacted solvent monomers, optionally adding a crosslinker and photoinitiator; and further photopolymerizing the syrup polymer composition to produce a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photopolymer comprising a photopolymerizable component and a photo initiator system. Further aspects of the present invention are a holographic media which comprises such a photopolymer, a display which comprises such a holographic media and the use of such a holographic media to make chip cards, security documents, bank notes and/or holographic optical elements especially for displays.

Abstract: Processes are provided which include copolymerization using one or both of a metallocene catalyst capable of producing high molecular weight polymers and a metallocene catalyst capable of producing polymers having 60% or more vinyl terminations. Polymerization processes include dual catalyst polymerization in a single polymerization zone comprising both metallocene catalysts. Other processes include serial or parallel polymerizations in multiple polymerization zones, using either or both catalysts in each polymerization zone. Such polymerization processes produce reactor blends, and are particularly suited for producing copolymer compositions (such as EP or EPDM copolymer compositions) exhibiting improved melt elasticity and rheological properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polymer compositions, to a process for their manufacturing, to the use of said polymer compositions for modifying the viscosity of aqueous compositions, and to water-borne coating compositions containing the novel polymer compositions as thickeners. The polymer compositions comprise a polymer material which is obtainable by reacting: a) a polymer P1 having at least one functional group of the formula (I), where k is an integer from 0 to 4; n is 0 or 1 p is an integer from 1 to 10, the number average of p being from 1.5 to 10; Q is a divalent moiety selected from the group consisting of —O— and —NH—; P is a p-valent hydrophilic neutral polymer radical; and R1 is as defined in the claims; with b) a succinic anhydride of the formula (II) where R is C4-C24-alkyl or C4-C24-alkenyl.

Abstract: The present invention discloses nitrile ligated transition metal-phosphinobenzene-sulfonate complex of formula (I) as catalyst for insertion-copolymerization of mono and bis functionalized vinyl monomers with ethylene or other olefins. In particular, the present invention discloses nitrile ligated metal-phosphinobenzene-sulfonate complex of formula (I) as catalyst for insertion-copolymerization of mono and bis functionalized vinyl monomers with ethylene and or other olefins and to the process for preparation thereof. The invention further discloses a process for the insertion-(co)polymerization of mono and bis functionalized vinyl monomers with olefms catalyzed by the catalyst of formula (I).

Abstract: The catalyst productivity of a polyolefin catalyst in the methods disclosed herein may be increased by increasing the concentration of an induced condensing agent (ICA) in the reactor system. The effect the increased ICA concentration may have on a melt index may be counteracted, if necessary, in various ways.

Abstract: The invention herein pertains to a telechelic polyolefin of formula (III) or (IV) and to a process for its preparation, Z-A-(CH2)p—B???(III) Z-A-(CH2)p—B??(IV) A being a polymer chain obtained by homopolymerization of ethylene or by copolymerization of ethylene and an alpha-monoolefin; B? being selected from the group consisting of N(SiMe3)2; N(SiMe2CH2CH2SiMe2); para-C6H4(NMe2); para-C6H4(OMe); C6H4(N(SiMe3)2); ortho-CH2—C6H4NMe2; ortho-CH2—C6H4OMe; C6F5; C3F7; C6F13; CH(OCH2CH2O); B being the function B? or a function derived from B?; p being an integer from 0 to 50, advantageously from 0 to 11; Z being a function selected from the group consisting of halogens; thiols; thiol derivatives; azides; amines; alcohols; carboxylic acid function; isocyanates; silanes; phosphorus derivatives; dithioesters; dithiocarbamates; dithiocarbonates; trithiocarbonates; alkoxyamines; vinyl function; dienes; and the group -A-(CH2)p—B?.

Abstract: Particulate ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (pUHMWPE) are disclosed having an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of at least 4 dl/g, a molecular weight distribution Mw/Mn of less than 4.0, a median particle size D50 of between 50 and 200 ?m, a residual Ti-content of less than 10 ppm, a residual Si-content of less than 50 ppm, and a total ash content of less than 1000 ppm.

Abstract: The invention provides an ethylene-based polymer comprising the following properties: a) weight fraction (w) of molecular weight above 5*106 g/mol, w>A?B*I2, where A=0.4 wt %, and B is 0.02 wt %/(dg/min), and w<C?B*I2%, where C=0.9 wt %; and b) G?>D?E*log(I2), where D=162 Pa and E=52 Pa/log(dg/min).

Abstract: Propylene is polymerised in the presence of a polymerisation catalyst comprising a solid catalyst component, an organoaluminium compound and an external electron donor, the process comprising the steps of (i) contacting propylene and hydrogen with the polymerisation catalyst in polymerisation conditions in a polymerisation reactor to produce a polymer of propylene; (ii) recovering the polymer of propylene from the polymerisation reactor; wherein the polymer of propylene has MFR of from more than 100 to 10000 g/10 min. The solid catalyst component comprises titanium, magnesium, halogen and an internal electron donor, characterised in that the internal electron donor is a compound according to formula (I) with R1 and R2 being the same or different and being a linear or branched C1-C12-alkyl group, and with R being H or a linear, branched or cyclic C1 to C12-alkyl, whereby it is preferred that R is not H.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a fine organic pigment which is capable of efficiently atomizing a raw material organic pigment, and excellent in productivity of the fine organic pigment. The present invention relates to a process for producing a fine organic pigment which includes the step of kneading a mixture prepared by compounding a raw material organic pigment, a water-soluble inorganic salt, a water-soluble organic solvent and a resin, in which the resin is a copolymer produced by copolymerizing an aromatic ring-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A), a carboxy group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (C) containing a polyethyleneoxide chain having an average molar number of addition of ethyleneoxide of not less than 1 and not more than 50.

Abstract: A process of emulsion polymerization comprising (a) adding a reactive mixture to a reaction vessel, said reactive mixture comprising water, one or more emulsifiers, one or more acrylate monomers, and a crosslinker having a free radical reactivity ratio of less than 1, (b) providing conditions in which said reactive mixture undergoes emulsion polymerization to form a crosslinked core having a glass transition temperature, Tg, of less than or equal to 10° C., or in the alternative, wherein the crosslinker is in an amount sufficient such that the crosslinked core has a swell ratio between 8 and 15 in THF and forming a polymer having an original ratio of units derived from the crosslinker to units derived from the acrylate monomer(s); and (c) feeding additional crosslinker during polymerization in an amount sufficient to maintain the original ratio of crosslinker to acrylate monomer(s) is provided. Further disclosed is an impact modifier composition and a polymer composition comprising an impact modifier.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a copolymer containing at least one alkyl methacrylate and maleic anhydride having a number average molecular weight of 4000 to 18000 g/mol proceeds by solution polymerization in the presence of a radical initiator.

Abstract: A non-reactive photosensitive resin composition storable at room temperature comprises a carboxylic acid-modified bisphenol epoxy (meth)acrylate, a photosensitive monomer, a photosensitive prepolymer, a photo-initiator, and a coloring agent. Each of the carboxylic acid-modified bisphenol epoxy (meth)acrylate, photosensitive monomer, and photosensitive prepolymer has a plurality of carbon-carbon double bonds, so that the carboxylic acid-modified bisphenol epoxy (meth)acrylate, photosensitive monomer and photosensitive prepolymer may be polymerized to form a dense cross-linking network structure when the photosensitive resin composition is exposed to ultraviolet radiation. A film and a printed circuit board using the photosensitive resin composition are also provided.

Abstract: Antistatic polymers include divalent segments having the formulas (I) and (II) and wherein R1 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 represent alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R4 represents an alkylene group having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and R5 independently represents H or methyl. Methods of making antistatic polymers are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present application provides compositions and methods for allowing surfaces such as HDPE, LDPE, polyethylene, polypropylene, Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene), SBS, SEBS, SIS elastomers, and silicone rubber, which are notoriously difficult to apply adhesives, glues, or coatings to, to he treated with a Primer System that increases the ability of a glue, adhesive, or coating to adhere to that surface and subsequently allows other materials to be used as coatings on the surface or to be applied using a glue or adhesive.

Abstract: A formulation for silicone hydrogel for use in contact lens includes at least one silicone monomer having a weight percent of the total hydrogel weight in a range from about 10% to about 35%, at least one hydrophilic monomer having a weight percent of the total hydrogel weight in a range from about 15% to about 40%, at least one crosslinker, and at least one initiator. A silicone hydrogel, and a method to form silicone hydrogel are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides amphiphilic comb polymer compositions of phosphorus acid group containing backbone polymers of methacrylic anhydride having hydrophobic alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl or polyolefin ester or amide side chain groups formed on the backbone polymers and comprising from 75 to 100 wt. %, based on the total weight of monomers used to make the backbone polymer, of methacrylic acid polymerized units, wherein in the backbone polymer from 20 to less than 70 wt. %, preferably from 50 to 67 wt. % of the methacrylic acid polymerized units comprise methacrylic anhydride groups as determined by titration of the backbone polymer. As polymeric additives, the polymers can compatibilize polyolefins and polar polymers like polyesters.

Abstract: A polymerizable composition is provided, including an infrared absorber, a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable compound, and a polymer binder, wherein the polymer binder is a particulate random copolymer, and the polymer binder has structural units derived from a polymerizable polyalkylene oxide-based monomer and a polymerizable nitrogen-free non-polyalkylene oxide-based monomer. The polymerizable composition may be used in the production of imageable elements or printing plates.

Abstract: An impact modifier composition comprising one or more core/shell polymers which comprise a crosslinked core having from 98 to 99.9 wt % units derived from one or more acrylate monomers and from 0.1 to 2 wt % units derived from a crosslinker containing a vinylically unsaturated moiety with an acrylate free radical reactivity ratio from 0.8 to 1.2 and one or more non-acrylate vinylically unsaturated moiety(ies) with an acrylate free radical reactivity ratio(s) greater than 1, wherein the crosslinked core has a swell ratio in THF between 7 and 15 and a Tg equal to less than 10° C.; and a shell having from 20 to 100 wt % units derived from one or more (meth)acrylate monomers and having a Tg of greater than 20° C. is provided. Also provided is a polymer composition comprising the impact modifier composition and a base structural polymer.

Abstract: A resin composition includes an acrylic resin and a graft copolymer having a gel content of 65% to 84%, wherein the graft copolymer is a multistage-polymerized graft copolymer obtained by a multistage polymerization including the polymerization stages (I) to (III). In the polymerization stage (I), a first monomer mixture and a polyfunctional monomer are polymerized in a presence of a primary alkyl mercaptan-based chain transfer agent and/or a secondary alkyl mercaptan-based chain transfer agent to obtain a first hard polymer. In the polymerization stage (II), a second monomer mixture and a polyfunctional monomer are poloymerized to obtain a soft polymer. In the polymerization stage (III), a third monomer mixture and a polyfunctional monomer are polymerized to obtain a second hard polymer.

Abstract: Low-temperature radical polymerisation of alkoxyamines The present invention relates to a process for the radical polymerization of alkoxyamines at low temperature, typically at temperatures as low as ?50° C., in the presence of a nitroxide reducing agent.

Abstract: The rubber composition comprises at least one phenol/aldehyde resin based on: at least one aromatic polyphenol comprising at least one aromatic ring bearing at least two hydroxyl functions in the meta position relative to one another, the two positions ortho to at least one of the hydroxyl functions being unsubstituted, and at least one aldehyde of formula (A): in which: X comprises N, S or O, R represents —H or —CHO.

Abstract: A silylated polyurethane obtainable by a process comprising the following steps: (a) reacting at least one polyol with at least one triisocyanate to form a hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer, and (b) reacting said polyurethane prepolymer with at least one isocyanatosilane of the formula (1): OCN—R—Si—(X)m(R1)3-m, wherein m is 0, 1 or 2, each R1 is independently from each other a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an acyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or —OCH(R2)COOR3, wherein R2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R3 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, each X is independently from each other and optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which can be interrupted by at least one heteroatom, and R is a difunctional organic group, to endcap the hydroxyl groups on said prepolymer with said isocyanatosilane.

Abstract: New shape memory polymer compositions, methods for synthesizing new shape memory polymers, and apparatus comprising an actuator and a shape memory polymer wherein the shape memory polymer comprises at least a portion of the actuator. A shape memory polymer comprising a polymer composition which physically forms a network structure wherein the polymer composition has shape-memory behavior and can be formed into a permanent primary shape, re-formed into a stable secondary shape, and controllably actuated to recover the permanent primary shape. Polymers have optimal aliphatic network structures due to minimization of dangling chains by using monomers that are symmetrical and that have matching amine and hydroxyl groups providing polymers and polymer foams with clarity, tight (narrow temperature range) single transitions, and high shape recovery and recovery force that are especially useful for implanting in the human body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to biodegradable copolyesters with molecular weight Mn from 10 000 to 100 000 measured by GPC, obtainable via reaction of i) from 51 to 84% by weight, based on the copolyester, of a branched polyester middle block produced from aliphatic or aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids and from aliphatic dihydroxy compounds with molecular weight Mn from 5000 to 25 000 measured by 1H NMR with from 15.9 to 48.9% by weight, based on the copolyester, of a lactide in the presence of a catalyst, and then the resultant polyester triblock with molecular weight Mn measured by 1H NMR from 5800 to 49 500 with ii) from 0.1 to 3% by weight, based on the copolyester, of a diisocyanate. The present invention further relates to a process for the production of, and to the use of, the abovementioned biodegradable copolyesters.

Abstract: A crosslinkable composition is provided including an asymmetric isocyanate, a polyther polyol, and a crosslinker. Polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesives, articles, and solutions are also provided. The polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesives have advantageous adhesive properties, low glass transition temperatures, and cohesion following thermal cycling.

Abstract: A reaction system for forming a viscoelastic polyurethane foam includes an isocyanate component that has at least one isocyanate and an isocyanate-reactive component that is a mixture formed by adding at least a polyol component, an additive component, and a preformed aqueous polymer dispersion. The mixture includes, based on the total weight of the mixture, from 50.0 wt % to 99.8 wt % of a polyol component including at least one polyether polyol, from 0.1 wt % to 50.0 wt % of an additive component including at least one catalyst, and from 0.1 wt % to 6.0 wt % of a preformed aqueous polymer dispersion. The preformed aqueous polymer dispersion has a solids content from 10 wt % to 80 wt %, based on the total weight of the preformed aqueous polymer dispersion, and is one of an aqueous acid polymer dispersion or an aqueous acid modified polyolefin polymer dispersion in which the polyolefin is derived from at least one C2 to C20 alpha-olefin.

Abstract: The present application provides a rapid curing epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced plastic materials that can be used with modern fast-cure heating systems without loss of heat resistance, surface quality, or mechanical properties of the cured epoxy matrix composite as well as prepregs and fiber-reinforced plastic materials based thereon as their matrix resins. The epoxy resin composition includes an epoxy resin, a dicyandiamide, an aromatic urea, and a clathrate complex comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid compounds and tetrakisphenol compounds and at least one epoxy accelerator which is an imidazole and/or imidazoline.

Abstract: A polymer and a method for its preparation are provided. The polymer comprises poly(lactide), poly(lactide/glycolide) or poly(lactic acid/glycolic acid) segments bonded by ester linkages to both ends of an alkanediol core unit. The polymer is for use in a controlled release formulation for a medicament, preferably leuprolide acetate. The controlled release formulation is administered to a patient as a subcutaneous depot of a flowable composition comprising the polymer, a biocompatible solvent, and the medicament. Controlled release formulations comprising the polymer release leuprolide for treatment of prostate cancer patients over periods of 3-6 months.

Abstract: Vinyl-functional alcohols are silylated by reaction with a hydrolysable silyl hydride compound. The starting alcohol is heated and then combined with the silyl hydride and catalyst and allowed to heat exothermically. Cooling is applied when the conversion of vinyl groups is between 90-99%. In some embodiments, specified amounts of water are present. The cooling regimen and control of water content reduces certain side reactions, leading to greater yields to desired product.

Abstract: Adhesive compositions are described that significantly improve the adhesion of polymer overmold compositions to metal substrates in polymer-metal junctions. The adhesive compositions include one or more poly(aryl ether) polymers, where each of the poly(aryl ether) polymers is, independently, a poly(aryl ether sulfone) polymer or a poly(aryl ether ketone) polymer. The overmold composition includes at least one poly(aryl ether ketone) polymer. Polymer-Metal junctions can be formed by, for example, dip-coating, spin-coating, extruding, or injection molding the adhesive composition and/or the overmold composition onto the metal substrate. Desirable applications settings for the polymer-metal junctions described include, but are not limited to electrical wiring.

Abstract: Methods and hydrogels for preventing or reducing cellular adhesion and protein adsorption to a tissue (e.g. cardiac tissue) are disclosed. The hydrogels generally include at least two component polymers, a first polymer including an aminooxy group and a second polymer including a reactive oxo group, that are cross-linked by oxime bonds. The hydrogels are suitable for binding to and coating a tissue or cell. The hydrogels operate to reduce cellular adhesions and protein adsorption to the tissue or cell.

Abstract: A thermally stable diamine compound of formula (I?) is proposed as well as polymers, copolymers, polyamic acids, polyamic acid esters, or polyimides based on such compound. Also, a process of preparing orientation layers for liquid crystals including preparing orientation layers for liquid crystals from thermally stable alignment materials comprising diamine compounds of formula (I?).

Abstract: For example, a thin film which has a high refractive index and which it is possible to form a fine pattern can be obtained by using a composition that contains a triazine-ring-containing polymer that includes a repeating unit structure represented by formula [5].

Abstract: Methods of forming nanoporous materials are described herein that include forming a polymer network with a chemically removable portion. The chemically removable portion may be polycarbonate polymer that is removable on application of heat or exposure to a base, or a polyhexahydrotriazine (PHT) or polyhemiaminal (PHA) polymer that is removable on exposure to an acid. The method generally includes forming a reaction mixture comprising a formaldehyde, a solvent, a primary aromatic diamine, and a diamine having a primary amino group and a secondary amino group, the secondary amino group having a base-reactive substituent, and heating the reaction mixture to a temperature of between about 50 deg C. and about 150 deg C. to form a polymer. Removing any portion of the polymer results in formation of nanoscopic pores as polymer chains are decomposed, leaving pores in the polymer matrix.

Abstract: A polyimide-forming composition includes a particulate polyimide precursor composition having an average particle size of 0.1 to 100 micrometers wherein the polyimide precursor composition comprises a substituted or unsubstituted C4-40 bisanhydride, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent C1-20 diamine; an aqueous carrier; and a surfactant. A method of manufacturing an article including a polyimide includes the steps of forming a preform comprising the polyimide-forming composition; and heating the preform at a temperature and for a period of time effective to imidize the polyimide precursor composition and form the polyimide. An article prepared by the method, and a layer or coating including a polyimide and a surfactant are also described.

Abstract: A polyimide-forming composition includes a polyimide prepolymer, an amine, and a solvent comprising a C1-6 alcohol. A method of manufacturing the polyimide-forming composition is disclosed. The method includes heating a substituted or unsubstituted C4-40 bisanhydride in a C1-6 alcohol to dissolve the bisanhydride, adding a substituted or unsubstituted divalent C1-20 diamine to form a polyimide prepolymer, and adding the amine in an amount effective to solubilize the polyimide prepolymer in the C1-6 alcohol, in a solution of the C1-6 alcohol and deionized water, or in deionized water. A method of manufacturing an article including a polyimide is also disclosed.

Abstract: A polyetherimide composition is disclosed including a polyetherimide sulfone having a glass transition temperature of 240 to 320 C, preferably 245 to 312 C, and a particulate, thermally conductive filler composition. A layer of the polyetherimide composition resists deformation as determined by IPC method TM-650 when subjected to a lead-free solder reflow process at a temperature of greater than or equal to 260 C, preferably 260 to 350 C. A layer including the polyetherimide composition further has a thermal conductivity of 2.5 to 15 W/mK, preferably 3 to 12 W/mK, as determined in accordance with ISO 22007-2:2008.

Abstract: A method of producing polyarylene sulfide (PAS) by subjecting a sulfur source and a dihalo aromatic compound (DHA) to polymerization reaction in an organic amide solvent under alkaline conditions, the method suppressing side reactions or the like and yielding PAS having a high degree of polymerization at a high yield is provided; and PAS having a high degree of polymerization are provided. A method of producing PAS, including: a preparation step of preparing a preparation mixture containing an organic amide solvent, a sulfur source, an alkali metal hydroxide, water, and DHA, and having a pH of 12.5 or higher; a first-stage polymerization step of heating the preparation mixture to 170° C. or higher to initiate a polymerization reaction and continuing the polymerization reaction at 240 to 280° C., thereby forming a prepolymer having a DHA conversion rate of 50% or greater (at this time, a temperature increasing rate from 220° C. to 240° C. is lower than a temperature increasing rate for 240° C.

Abstract: Provided herein are disulfide polymers, methods of their preparation, compositions, and methods of using the same. For example, provided herein are polymers having at least one repeating unit according to Formula (I):or Formula (II): and nanoparticles and compositions including the same. The polymers and compositions provided herein may be used, for example, in the encapsulation of drugs for a slow release drug administration in the treatment or imaging of diseases.

Abstract: A method of preparing condensation cross-linked particles in an emulsion includes combining a first linear reactant having two unsaturated carbon-carbon moieties, a second linear reactant having two Si—H moieties, and a third reactant having at least one condensable reactive group and having up to two unsaturated carbon-carbon moieties or Si—H moieties with the proviso that the third reactant has at least one unsaturated carbon-carbon moiety or S—H moiety. The first, second, and third reactants are combined in the presence of a hydrosilylation catalyst and a polar liquid to form an emulsion wherein the first, second, and third reactants react via a hydrosilylation reaction to form particles that have a linear backbone wherein the condensable reactive group is disposed thereon. The method also includes cross-linking the linear backbone via a condensation reaction to form the condensation cross-linked particles.