Abstract: A method manages a state of charge of a traction battery of a rechargeable hybrid vehicle including a hybrid power train to provide propulsion. The battery being capable of operating according to a first operating mode over a state of charge range, of which an amplitude is bounded by predefined maximum and minimum state of charge values, in which the battery supplies substantially all power necessary for propulsion, and a second operating mode, in which the state of charge of the battery is kept substantially constantly around an equilibrium state of charge value. The method includes estimating an ageing state of the battery, comparing the estimated ageing state of the battery in relation to a given ageing state threshold, and reducing the amplitude of the state of charge range linked to the first operating mode when the ageing state of the battery rises above the given ageing state threshold.

Abstract: A power control system for a hybrid vehicle is provided. The system includes a high-voltage battery that is capable of being charged or discharged, a first motor and a second motor, a first inverter connected to the first motor, and a second inverter connected to the second motor. Additionally, a converter has a first side connected to the battery and a second side connected in parallel to the first inverter and the second inverter and a diode is connected in parallel to both sides of the converter. A controller is configured to operate the converter and the first and second inverters to cause electric power of the high-voltage battery to be bypassed via the diode and directly supplied to the first inverter or the second inverter.

Abstract: A vehicle and associated method for calculating tire saturation is provided. The method may include the stability control computer calculating slip ratio and longitudinal force for the tire, calculating tire longitudinal stiffness by dividing longitudinal force by slip ratio, calculating tire saturation from tire longitudinal stiffness, and the stability control computer altering dynamic control of the vehicle based on calculated tire saturation. The stability control computer may calculate tire saturation from a tire saturation membership function which includes a first tire longitudinal stiffness value representing an unsaturated tire, a second tire longitudinal stiffness value representing a saturated tire, and a function line connecting the first tire longitudinal stiffness value to the second tire longitudinal stiffness value.

Abstract: Obstacles located in an external environment of a vehicle can be classified. At least a portion of the external environment can be sensed using one or more sensors to acquire sensor data. An obstacle candidate can be identified based on the acquired sensor data. An occlusion status for the identified obstacle candidate can be determined. The occlusion status can be a ratio of acquired sensor data for the obstacle candidate that is occluded to all acquired sensor data for the obstacle candidate. A classification for the obstacle candidate can be determined based on the determined occlusion status. A driving maneuver for the vehicle can be determined at least partially based on the determined classification for the obstacle candidate. The vehicle can be caused to implement the determined driving maneuver. The vehicle can be an autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling an autonomous vehicle. One method includes receiving, with an electronic processor of the autonomous vehicle, a profile selection. The method further includes receiving, with the electronic processor, a driver profile including a plurality of settings based on the profile selection. The method further includes, when the autonomous vehicle is operating in an autonomous driving mode, controlling, with the electronic processor, at least one vehicle control system of the autonomous vehicle based on at least one of the plurality of settings. The method further includes operating, with the electronic processor, the autonomous vehicle in a manual driving mode. The method further includes receiving, with the electronic processor, data from at least one sensor while the autonomous vehicle operates in the manual driving mode.

Abstract: A driving support apparatus according the embodiment includes: a determination unit that determines driving support control having a driving support resource amount that is capable of assuring required resources with respect to a resource amount that is capable of being assured by a level of a vehicle driver's concentration on driving, the required resources being assumed to be required for safe driving; and a driving support unit that changes the driving support control to be performed to driving support control that is determined by the determination unit to be capable of assuring the required resources.

Abstract: A collision avoidance apparatus includes an obstacle detection section for detecting an obstacle, a collision avoidance section which performs collision avoidance assist control, and an avoidance processing start section for causing the collision avoidance section to start the collision avoidance assist control. In the case where the obstacle is a continuous obstacle, the timing of starting the collision avoidance assist control is delayed as compared with the case where the obstacle is not a continuous obstacle. Further, the greater the degree of gentleness of the inclination of the continuous obstacle, the greater the amount by which the timing of starting the collision avoidance assist control is delayed.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to methods and apparatus for predicting traffic conditions and controlling a host vehicle based on the predicted conditions for travel along a path. The methods and apparatus can perform the following: accessing current path data relevant to a location and speed the host vehicle; detecting data, from a vehicular communications network, from a merging vehicle intending to merge into the path of the host vehicle; detecting data, from the vehicular communications network, of preceding traffic in the path of the host vehicle; determining a speed and location of the merging vehicle from the data transmitted over the vehicle communications network; determining a speed and location of preceding traffic on the path of the host vehicle from the data transmitted over the vehicular communications network; and predicting whether the speed of the preceding traffic or the speed of the merging vehicle will slow down during the merge.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a driving support information generation device, a driving support information generation method, a driving support device, and a driving support method which make it possible to present effective caution information to drivers. The driving support information generation device of the present invention includes a processor to execute a program; and a memory to store the program which, when executed by the processor, performs processes of collecting vehicle information including traveling locus information indicating a traveling locus of at least one vehicle which travels a predetermined road section and generating cautionary information which is information to require a driver of the at least one vehicle to exercise caution when the at least one vehicle travels the section, on the basis of the collected vehicle information. The cautionary information is generated on the basis of variation in traveling of the vehicle.

Abstract: Example lane detection systems and methods are described. In one implementation, a method receives an image from a front-facing vehicle camera and applies a geometric transformation to the image to create a birds-eye view of the image. The method analyzes the birds-eye view of the image using a neural network, which was previously trained using side-facing vehicle camera images, to determine a lane position associated with the birds-eye view of the image.

Abstract: A lane centering system for use in a vehicle driving in a lane on a road includes a camera and a controller. Based on processing by a processor of image data captured by the camera, the controller determines the position of a left lane delimiter on the road on a left side of the vehicle and the position of a right lane delimiter on the road on a right side of the vehicle. The controller is operable to control a steering system of the vehicle that is configured to steer the vehicle. The controller is operable to determine a target path for the vehicle based on processing by the processor of image data captured by the camera. The determined target path maintains the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle centered between the left lane delimiter and the right lane delimiter.

Abstract: Method for operating a motor vehicle (1), comprising a navigation device (2) having at least one stored item of route information describing a route section and a cruise control system (3) that adjusts an actual speed of the motor vehicle (1) to a stored target speed determined as a function of the stored item of route information by controlling a drive (5) or a braking device (6) of the motor vehicle (1), wherein the navigation device (2) is supplied with at least one changed item of route information relating to the changed route section, and the cruise control system (3) adjusts the actual speed of the motor vehicle (1) as a function of at least one evaluation parameter, on the basis of which a traversal of the changed route section (15) earlier in time is qualified, either to the stored target speed determined as a function of the stored item of route information or to a changed target speed determined as a function of the changed item of route information.

Abstract: An installation switching device has a housing and screw connecting clamp with an essentially frame-shaped clamping part having longitudinal faces, narrow faces and broad faces, a head-clamp screw received in a clamping part threaded aperture, and a current rail arranged fixed in the device extending through the frame-shaped clamping part interior, wherein a current rail broad face is oriented, as assembled, parallel to a clamping part broad face facing the head clamping screw, the screw supporting itself, screwed in, on the current rail, wherein consequently, the clamping part is displaceable in its longitudinal direction, parallel to the narrow face, relative to the current rail by further screwing in the head clamping screw so a connecting conductor can be fixedly clamped between the current rail face remote from the screw and the clamping part broad face remote from the screw, the housing having a screw receiving region guiding the screw head.

Abstract: A CPU drives an inverter based on a command rotation speed that is inputted from a higher level ECU at a predetermined update interval. The CPU acquires an actual rotation speed of the electric motor, and calculates an accelerated rate and a decelerated rate based on the update interval and a difference between the actual rotation speed and the command rotation speed such that the actual rotation speed changes without reaching the command rotation speed and becoming constant before an end of the update interval. The CPU drives the inverter such that the electric motor rotates at the calculated rate.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for controlling a host vehicle having a vehicle control system that controls motion of the host vehicle relative to a preceding vehicle that is immediately ahead of the host vehicle. The method includes determining a relative headway distance and a relative velocity between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle, and an acceleration rate of the preceding vehicle. The method includes receiving message packets transmitted from a leading vehicle and the message packets contain parameters of the leading vehicle including an acceleration rate of the leading vehicle. Further, the method includes calculating an acceleration control rate for the host vehicle to maintain the headway reference distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle, based on the relative headway distance, the relative velocity, the acceleration rate of the preceding vehicle, and the acceleration rate of the leading vehicle.

Abstract: A variety of methods and arrangements are described for controlling transitions between firing fractions during skip fire and potentially variable displacement operation of an engine. In general, actuator first transition strategies are described in which an actuator position (e.g., cam phase, TCC slip, etc.) is changed to, or close to a target position before i corresponding firing fraction change is implemented. When the actuator change associated with a desired firing fraction change is relatively large, the firing fraction change is divided into a series of two or more firing fraction change steps. A number of intermediate target selection schemes are described as well.

Abstract: Methods and systems for operating a torque converter clutch of an automatic transmission are presented. In one non-limiting example, the torque converter clutch is closed to provide a threshold torque capacity during a vehicle launch. If an engine torque request is less than the threshold torque capacity, the torque converter clutch remains closed.

Abstract: A method of controlling launch of a vehicle, may include setting step in which a controller sets a basic target engine speed; a transient control step in which the controller controls a clutch torque based on the basic target engine speed; a transient state determining step in which the controller determines, whether a transition period of change of the engine speed elapsed; a first correction amount determination step in which the controller determines a correction amount; a correction applying step in which the controller adds the correction amount to the predetermined target engine speed and then determines a final target engine speed; an error determination step in which the controller determines the engine speed control error; and a feedback determination step in which the controller uses the engine speed control error and determines a feedback control amount for feedback-controlling a clutch actuator.

Abstract: Methods and systems for driving vehicle accessories of a vehicle that includes an automatic transmission are presented. In one non-limiting example, the vehicle accessories are driven via a vehicle's kinetic energy while an engine of the vehicle has stopped rotating. Vehicle accessories are driven from a location of a driveline downstream of a torque converter impeller.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for controlling a vehicle system of a host vehicle merging with one or more remote vehicles, including receiving speed data transmitted from the one or more remote vehicles via a vehicular communication network and receiving position data of the one or more remote vehicles from the sensor system of the host vehicle that monitors an area around the host vehicle. Upon determining the one or more remote vehicles are in the area around the host vehicle based on the position data, determining a safe distance for merging into the lane based on a relative position of the host vehicle to the one or more remote vehicles. Further, controlling the vehicle system of the host vehicle according to an actual distance between the host vehicle and the one or more remote vehicles and the safe distance.

Abstract: A shift control method for the vehicle with a DCT may include a start determining step of determining, by a TCU, whether the DCT may have entered a power-on down shift inertia phase, a clutch control step of controlling a release-side clutch by determining, by the TCU, a release-side clutch control torque, when the DCT enters the power-on down shift inertia phase, a limit determining step of determining whether the release-side clutch control torque is reduced below a predetermined minimum control torque, while the TCU performs the clutch control step, and an engine-assistance requesting step of requesting an ECU to set an engine-torque rise request amount in proportion to a release-side clutch control torque reduction amount that is additionally required by the TCU, when it is determined in the limit determining step that the release-side clutch control torque is reduced below the minimum control torque.

Abstract: A system, for use in evaluating operation of a vehicle, includes a hardware-based processing unit, and a non-transitory computer-readable storage component including various functioning modules. The modules in various embodiments include an input module that, when executed by the hardware-based processing unit, receives, from a vehicle-braking sensor, braking data indicting characteristics of a braking event at the vehicle. The system in some implementations includes an input unit receiving the braking data from the sensor and passing it to a braking-monitoring module. The braking-monitoring module, when executed by the hardware-based processing unit, determines, based on the braking data, whether the braking event is within an acceptable pre-established limit. The technology in various embodiments includes processes performed by the system and algorithms used therein.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of profiling a driver comprises: identifying events in data representing motion of a vehicle; for the events, associating an event with a profile index relating at least to a link on which the vehicle was travelling when the respective event occurred; sorting the events into groups, each group corresponding to a different profile index; determining a driver profile from the events; and characterising the driving behaviour of the driver on the basis of the driver profile.

Abstract: An automated vehicle configuration system for a host vehicle is presented here. The system includes a driver identifier module onboard the host vehicle, and a subsystem onboard the vehicle. The driver identifier module has a database and a processor device to execute processor-executable instructions. The database has database objects, each having a driver identifier, at least one key fob code, and at least one mobile device identifier. The processor device executes the instructions to dynamically populate and update the database objects such that key fob codes are dynamically assigned and reassigned to driver identifiers. The subsystem has user-specific configurable settings associated with the driver identifier objects. Selection of an active driver identifier results in the loading of corresponding settings for the subsystem.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method for controlling operation of a vehicle. Driver assistance system (DAS) data may be used for controlling one or more function of the vehicle via a driver assistance system. Driver profile data (DPD) is generated and/or received that includes training data from sensor monitoring of a driver's usage characteristics for at least one feature of a vehicle type during a driver-controlled mode of vehicle driving. The DPD is processed with the DAS data to determine if the DPD conform to a tolerance parameter of the DAS data. A driver profile data file may be created by overwriting the portions of the DAS data with the DPD conforming to the tolerance parameters. One or more functions on the vehicle may be controlled via the driver profile data file using the driver assistance system during one of a semi-autonomous and fully autonomous mode of operation.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method for controlling operation of a vehicle. Driver assistance system (DAS) data may be used for controlling one or more function of the vehicle via a driver assistance system. Driver profile data (DPD) is generated and/or received that includes training data from sensor monitoring of a driver's usage characteristics for at least one feature of a vehicle type during a driver-controlled mode of vehicle driving. The DPD is processed with the DAS data to determine if the DPD conform to one or more safety metrics. A driver profile data file may be created by weighing the portions of the DAS data with the DPD that do not conform with the safety metrics. One or more functions on the vehicle may be controlled via the driver profile data file using the driver assistance system during one of a semi-autonomous and fully autonomous mode of operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a driver assistance device of a motor vehicle, comprising detection of an area surrounding the motor vehicle by a sensor device of the motor vehicle, which sensor device is associated with the driver assistance device, detection of at least one action by a driver of the motor vehicle, which action is related to a driving movement of the motor vehicle, by a further sensor device of the motor vehicle, which further sensor device is associated with the driver assistance device; learning of a correlation between the detected surrounding area and the detected action by the driver assistance device by means of repeated detection of the surrounding area and the action, evaluation of a degree of reliability of the learnt correlation by means of a quality measure by the driver assistance device, and implementation of at least one automated function, which is related to a driving movement of the motor vehicle, by the driver assistance device depending on the current area

Abstract: A wearable device includes a communicator for performing a communication with a vehicle, a detector for detecting a user's biological information, and a controller for performing a power save mode when vehicle speed information is received via the communicator, for converting the power save mode into a normal mode when first determination information of drowsy driving is received via the communicator during the power save mode, and for secondly determining whether current driving is a drowsy driving based on the detected biological information during the normal mode.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a vehicle and method for controlling the same. The vehicle includes: an input unit configured to receive a command to select a traveling mode; a controller configured to determine an Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) setting parameter based on a traveling mode selected through the input unit and a driving pattern of a driver; and a display configured to display setting information regarding the determined ADAS setting parameter.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle control device capable of switching a driving state of the vehicle, including a switch pedal configured to be provided on a left side of the vehicle rather than an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal of the vehicle; a stepped state detection unit configured to detect a stepped state of the switch pedal; and a driving state switching unit configured to switch the driving state of the vehicle to an automatic driving state, a cooperative driving state and a manual driving state, wherein the driving state switching unit is configured to switch the driving state to the cooperative driving state in a case where stepping of the switch pedal is detected by the stepped state detection unit when the driving state is the automatic driving state.

Abstract: A parking assistance system executes a process to measure the parking space by a sensor prior to carrying out an automated parking maneuver and to detect the parking space type from a plurality of detectable parking space types using specific criteria on the basis of the measurement of the parking space. The plurality of parking space types includes a longitudinal parking space type, in which a vehicle can park longitudinally, a transverse parking space type, in which a vehicle can park transversely, and a universal parking space type in which the vehicle can park both longitudinally as well as transversely. In the event that the parking space has been detected as a universal parking space type, the parking assistance system provides the driver with the choice to select a parking direction, namely whether the parking assistance system is to park longitudinally or transversely into the parking space.

Abstract: A bogie for a railway vehicle has at least two track guide units, in particular at least two wheels sets. A traction motor is arranged in the region of one of the track guide units, hereinafter called the first track guide unit. The traction motor drives the first track guide unit. A power converter supplies power to the traction motor driving the first track guide unit. The power converter is arranged in a region of a different track guide unit, which is not driven, i.e., the second track guide unit.

Abstract: A vehicle air-conditioning apparatus includes: a hot water heater core provided in a hot water circuit in which cooling water circulates in a heat source to recover waste heat of the heat source, and configured to exchange heat between the cooling water heated by the waste heat of the heat source and air to heat the air, thereby heating an inside of a vehicle by using the heated air; a heat pump configured to exchange heat between a refrigerant discharged from a refrigerant compressor and air by using an indoor heat exchanger to heat the air, thereby heating the inside of the vehicle by using the heated air; an electric heater configured to heat air to heat the inside of the vehicle; and a controller configured to select at least one of the hot water heater core, the heat pump and the electric heater to perform a heating operation.

Abstract: A railroad car truck for a railroad freight car, such as an autorack car, has a bolster mounted cross-wise between two sideframes. The bolster ends are mounted on respective spring groups carried by the sideframes. The bolster can translate laterally relative to the sideframes. The side frames are mounted to swing laterally relative to the wheel sets, and hence relative to the rails. Resistance to lateral deflection is provided by the resistance of the sideframes to the pendulum swinging motion, and by shear in the spring groups. The truck has a doubled damper arrangement of dampers in a four-cornered layout at each end of the bolster, giving a flexing resistance to yaw between the sideframes and the bolster ends. The doubled damper arrangement works against large wear plates mounted on the sideframe columns. The large wear plates are mounted normal to the dampers and square to the sideframes.

Abstract: An inserted connection member for a train connector includes an insertion needle, an insulator, a disconnection preventing pad and an extrusion block. The insulator is sequentially provided with a positioning hole and an inserted connection hole in an axial direction. The insertion needle includes a line connecting segment, a positioning segment and an inserted connection segment which are connected sequentially, the line connecting segment and the positioning segment are arranged in the positioning hole. The disconnection preventing pad and the extrusion block are both sleeved on the line connecting segment, and the disconnection preventing pad includes a pad body and a boss arranged on the pad body. Thus, the insertion needle is ensured to maintain a stable contact even when the train is running at a high speed, and a disconnection preventing effect of the insertion needle is achieved.

Abstract: A method for controlling a vehicle system includes determining a vehicle reference speed using an off-board-based input speed and an onboard-based input speed. The off-board-based input speed is representative of a moving speed of the vehicle system and is determined from data received from an off-board device. The onboard-based input speed is representative of the moving speed of the vehicle system and is determined from data obtained from an onboard device. The method includes using the vehicle reference speed to at least one of measure wheel creep for one or more wheels of the vehicle system or control at least one of torques applied by or rotational speeds of one or more motors of the vehicle system.

Abstract: A plurality of apparatuses mounted on cars are monitored and controlled by control devices mounted on the cars. A display device capable of displaying apparatus information of the apparatuses is mounted on a driver's cab. A display screen of the display device is configured by arranging a plurality of display components by which apparatus information of each of the apparatuses can be displayed. A software generating device determines arrangement positions of the display components arranged on the display screen, automatically generates layout design data of the display screen, and automatically generates software for generating the display screen on the basis of the layout design data. The arrangement positions of the display components respectively representing the apparatuses when a number of apparatuses of the same type are monitored and controlled by one and the same control device are determined according to arrangement rule information that is exceptional rules.

Abstract: A simulation system, device, and method for testing a train management system on a road-rail vehicle is provided. The simulation system includes: a brake pressure simulation device adapted to be connected to a first input of the train management computer, the brake pressure simulation device including at least one circuit configured to output signals representative of at least one brake pipe pressure; and a speed simulation device adapted to be connected to a second input of the train management computer, the speed simulation device configured to detect a speed of the road-rail vehicle and output signals representative of the speed. Also disclosed is a simulation system wherein the at least one circuit of the brake pressure simulation device is configured to have variable resistances.

Abstract: A system and method for simulating a train management computer on a road-rail vehicle are provided. The system includes at least one portable enclosure, a power source disposed in the at least one portable enclosure, and a train management computer disposed in the at least one portable enclosure, the train management computer adapted to be connected to the power source.

Abstract: A wheeled shipping/transport cart includes a cart frame that supports a plurality of wheels. The cart frame supports a plurality of stackable trays. The trays include a tray frame with opposed end members, a plurality of longitudinal support members disposed between the opposed end members, and a plurality of upright members nesting with upright members of an adjacent tray. A support structure is disposed between the opposed end members to form an arc corresponding to a curved surface of an article to be supported by the support structure. A pin is received through each of the upright members of the plurality of stackable trays to retain the stackable trays in a stacked configuration.

Abstract: Implementations of hand truck stabilizer are provided. Implementations of a hand truck brake stabilizer according to present disclosure may be mounted to a hand truck to provide a braking function that may help eliminate unintentional movement of the hand truck.

Abstract: Provided herein is a baby stroller, which has expanded mode or folded mode, including a lower frame, a slide block, a pull rod set, a rear wheel link rod, a rear wheel frame, an upper arm set, a link rod set, a connection rod set, the first handle rod set, the second handle rod set, and a front wheel frame. Through the slide block and the interaction between each component to concurrently actuate the upper arm set, the first handle rod set, and the second handle rod set, the baby stroller can be easily folded to minimize it occupying space for easier stowing and transporting.

Abstract: In order for a core metal member having three spoke parts to be usable in a three-spoke steering wheel and a two-spoke steering wheel having one fewer spoke part than the three-spoke steering wheel, one of the spoke parts of the core metal member is a separable spoke part, which is separable along separation marks provided on vertical spokes forming the separable spoke part. Each vertical spoke constituting the separable spoke part is provided with an indented first fragile portion and an indented second fragile portion which also act as the separation marks.

Abstract: A steering column assembly includes a first shaft assembly, a second shaft assembly, and a locking assembly. The first shaft assembly has a first shaft. The second shaft assembly has a second shaft that is at least partially received within the first shaft. The locking assembly is disposed about at least one of the first shaft and the second shaft and is arranged to inhibit rotation of at least one of the first shaft and the second shaft.

Abstract: In an electric power steering device assisted by a brushless motor, an induced voltage from a brushless motor is detected when a main power supply is off. The motor is determined to be in a high rpm state when the induced voltage is in a first transient state from a voltage ?a high rpm detection threshold Th1 to a voltage?Th1, thereby setting an intermittent excitation cycle of a revolution angle sensor connected to the motor to a short cycle. The motor is determined to be in a low rpm state when the induced voltage becomes a voltage?a high rpm detection threshold Th2 after a wait period corresponding to an electrical angle between peaks or valleys of an output voltage has elapsed in a second transient state from a voltage–Th1 to a voltage?Th2, thereby setting the cycle to a long cycle.

Abstract: An electric power steering device is provided, easing a sense of incongruity that a driver feels with respect to steering. If an abnormal phase is detected, an electronic control unit (ECU) 50 stops energizing a winding (any one of windings 86u, 86v and 86w) of the abnormal phase and energizes windings (two of the windings 86u, 86v and 86w) of the two phases other than the abnormal phase, and, as a vehicle speed V increases, the ECU 50 reduces a current value applied to the windings (two of the windings 86u, 86v and 86w) of the two phases other than the abnormal phase.

Abstract: There are provided a motor control device, an electric power steering device, and a vehicle that allow an electric motor to be accurately drive-controlled even when a failure occurs in a motor electric angle detection unit that detects a motor electric angle. When at least one of a resolver and an angle computation unit is diagnosed as being abnormal in an initial diagnosis after a system restart, a motor electric angle initial value is estimated on a basis of a response output of a three-phase electric motor in response to input of a motor drive signal to the three-phase electric motor, a motor electric angle estimation vale is calculated on a basis of an output shaft rotation angle detection value detected by an output-side rotation angle sensor and a relative offset amount estimated on a basis of the estimated motor electric angle initial value, and the three-phase electric motor is drive-controlled on a basis of the calculated motor electric angle estimation value.

Abstract: A steering control device that can more appropriately transmit a road-surface reaction force to a steering wheel is provided. The steering control device feedback controls a steering angle to a target steering angle that is a target value of the steering angle. The steering control device includes an estimated axial force computation circuit that computes an estimated axial force so as to reflect a road-surface reaction force in a reaction force generated by a reaction force actuator. The estimated axial force computation circuit computes the estimated axial force by causing a friction compensation amount computation circuit and an efficiency compensation gain computation circuit to compensate an initial estimated axial force computed by an initial estimated axial force computation circuit.

Abstract: A method for reducing the steering torque in a steering system of a vehicle. A method including the steps of monitoring a driver's torque as applied by a driver of the vehicle; providing a plurality of torques that can be imposed on the steering system; and reducing the torques that can be imposed on the steering system by a central reduction factor if monitoring of the steering system reveals a violation of a safety criterion.

Abstract: Work vehicle axle device includes a wheel drive case utilizing a centrally disposed vertically extending first coupling portion, a centrally disposed vertically extending second coupling portion spaced from the first coupling portion and an input shaft located below an upper end of either the first or second coupling portions and being configured to transmit rotational power to wheels. The first and second coupling portions are configured to pivotally mount to the wheel drive case to a vehicle body of the work vehicle in a manner that allows the wheel drive case to pivot about an axis that, when viewed from above, is at least one of parallel to a front to back direction of the vehicle body and parallel to a centrally disposed front to back axis of the vehicle body.