Abstract: A control device for a WG actuator includes a feedback control unit for performing feedback control on the WG actuator in such a way that the position of a shaft detected by a position sensor gets close to a target position, and an abnormality detecting unit for providing an instruction to move the shaft in an axial direction for the feedback control unit, and for detecting an abnormality in the WG actuator on the basis of a result of a movement of the shaft, the movement being detected by the position sensor while the feedback control unit performs the instruction.

Abstract: A motor-operated valve includes a base portion which is provided at one end of a stator, a linear-motion shaft which is screwed into a rotor and which is supported by the base portion such that the linear-motion shaft can be moved linearly and cannot be rotated, and a valve member which is provided in the linear-motion shaft and which opens and closes the valve port. A first contacting portion on the rotor and a second contacting portion on the stator or an intermediate member disposed between the rotor and the stator, the first and the second contacting portions and being provided in each of the intermediate member or the stator and the rotor, and contacting with each other in the rotation axis direction of the rotor are biased by a rotor biasing means such that they are pressed onto each other.

Abstract: Fluid flow control devices comprise a body including a central aperture extending along a longitudinal axis therethrough and a plurality of channels extending from an outer sidewall of the body to an inner sidewall of the body. At least one first channel may intersect at least one other channel. Fluid flow control systems, methods of forming fluid flow control devices, and methods of flowing a fluid through a fluid flow control device are also disclosed.

Abstract: At least some aspects of the present disclosure feature a flexible duct for a convective device, comprising: an inflatable tubular structure in generally a tube shape when inflated comprising a flexible material and an air-guide device. The air-guide device is disposed on the tubular structure, where the air-guide device is configured to direct flow of inflation medium when the tubular structure is bent.

Abstract: A hose retainer stand is described. The retainer stand supports and organizes collections of hoses or other flexible members. In many applications, the retainer stand elevates hoses above ground to thereby reduce potential for damage to the hoses. Also described are methods of retaining and supporting hoses by use of the retainer stands.

Abstract: Air brake tubing is provided having an air brake tube body comprising at least one layer formed from a composition comprising a copolyester, polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate; and a thermoplastic polyurethane.

Abstract: Provided is a pipe holding connection structure configured so that the width of the entire structure is reduced and so that the number of parts and the number of assembly work processes are reduced. This pipe holding connection structure is provided with: a housing affixed so as to air-tightly close the opening of a vacuum container; a first pipe having a portion near an end portion thereof extending through both the opening and the housing; and a second pipe having a female thread part engaging with a male thread part located at the end portion. The pipe has a locking part. Fluid is caused to flow through both the pipes. Pieces of packing are provided between the pipe and the housing and between the pipe and an end portion of the pipe, respectively. This pipe holding connection structure can be used for a high-frequency antenna device.

Abstract: A gasket for preventing the separation of a pipe joint formed between plastic pipes such as pipes manufactured from PVC. The invention provides an internally restrained pipe joint including a bell with a substantially V-shaped annular groove. The annular groove includes a front radial wall and a rear radial wall and a gasket seated in the annular groove. The gasket includes an inner radial face, an opening defined by the inner radial face and an outer radial face with a front radial section located adjacent to the front radial wall of the annular groove and a rear radial section located adjacent to the rear radial wall of the annular groove. A plurality of toothed, rigid restraining segments is at least partially embedded in the gasket.

Abstract: A pipe connector for use in conjunction with a catch basin, the pipe connector comprising: an annular flange defining a central bore; a major pipe receptor in the form of a tube having a first diameter and being attached to the flange; a minor pipe receptor in the form of a tube having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter, and being attached to the major pipe receptor by a frangible bridge that is configured to cleanly break upon the application of an impact to the minor pipe receptor, whereby the minor pipe receptor is removable from the major pipe receptor.

Abstract: A plumbing fitting of a first plastic material comprises at least one annular branch defining a hollow port. A sleeve of a second plastic material can be inserted into the hollow port. The sleeve is retained within the hollow port by a retaining member which is fitted to the outer end and outer wall of the annular branch. The sleeve is configured to facilitate attachment of the plumbing fitting to a second plumbing fitting by insertion of the second plumbing fitting into the hollow port, wherein the second plumbing fitting is of the second plastic material.

Abstract: A swage fitted end connector for high pressure large diameter reinforced flexible rubber hose utilizing sine-wave locking of the reinforcement and particularly suited to the petrochemical and drilling industries. Two embodiments of the connector for use with wire reinforced thin internal tube hose are disclosed: one with a diameter of 3-inches and for burst pressures up to 20, 000 psi and the other for a diameter of 5-inches and for burst pressures up to 18,000 psi. All of the connectors will withstand the rated burst pressure of the hose without pumping off or leaking thus any hose that utilizes the device will fail before the connector pops off the hose. The connectors are designed to meet or exceed the new API temperature ranges and new API flexible specification levels which became effective in October 2006.

Abstract: Provided is a connector including: a plug to be attached to an opening of a liquid storing container and attached to an inner peripheral surface of the opening; a key ring to be attached to an outer peripheral surface of the opening extending along an axial line and including a key hole portion disposed at an outside of the outer peripheral surface with respect to the axial line; and a socket to be detachably attached to the plug and including a key rod portion to be engaged with the key hole portion. The plug and the socket are coupled together in a state where the key hole portion and the key rod portion are engaged with each other.

Abstract: A joint contains: a body, at least one locking block, at least one controller, and at least one resilient element. The body has an inlet segment, an outlet segment, an air channel, wherein the outlet segment has a connection orifice. Each locking block has a tooth and a driving portion, the tooth is controlled to move between a first position and a second position, and between the first position and the second position is defined a reverse driving travel obliquely extending to the inlet segment. Said each locking block also has a coupling shaft, wherein the reverse driving travel is arcuate, and the tooth, the driving portion, and the coupling shaft are opposite to one another. Each element urges the tooth to move to the first position and is pressed so that the tooth moves to the second position along the reverse driving travel.

Abstract: A coupling includes a male adapter and a female adapter, and may include a nut and a sleeve. In embodiments, the male adapter includes a male adapter inner diameter, and may include threads. The female adapter includes a female adapter outer diameter. The nut or other formation may be configured to engage at least a portion of the male adapter. In embodiments, one or more contact points may be provided between the female diameter outer diameter and the male adapter inner diameter, and the female adapter outer diameter or the male adapter inner diameter may be configured to be out-of-round. The male adapter may include a shoulder and the sleeve may cover the shoulder in connected configuration. Methods for forming a coupling are also disclosed.

Abstract: A connector including a plug and a socket. The socket includes: a socket body having an insertion hole formed therein; a columnar rotary valve inserted into the insertion hole; and a switching mechanism for switching an open state and a closed state. The rotary valve includes a pair of convex portions respectively in contact with both ends of the insertion hole to seal an outflow of a liquid; and a concave portion provided between the pair of convex portions and forming a cleaning space) in which a cleaning fluid is circulated between the concave portion and an inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole. The socket body includes a cleaning fluid inflow passage for guiding the cleaning fluid to the cleaning space and a cleaning fluid outflow passage through which the cleaning fluid flows out of the cleaning space.

Abstract: A flexible dual duct coupling, comprising: a coupling body having an inner flow passage and an outer flow passage therethrough; a first nut assembly configured for reversible attachment to the coupling body; and, a second nut assembly configured for reversible attachment to the coupling body, wherein the second nut assembly is opposite the first nut assembly.

Abstract: The present flow-undisrupted process includes: enclosing a portion of an existing pipe with a sealing case; connecting a boring machine to the sealing case in a non-valve state in which no operation valve is interposed between a projecting pipe portion of the sealing case and the boring machine; forming a circular opening in an area of the existing pipe corresponding to the projecting pipe portion by means of a hole saw of the boring machine; rotating a tee and the boring machine in a circumferential direction of the existing pipe to a position at which the projecting pipe portion is completely past the opening; after the rotation, maintaining a sealed state in which the seal packing prevents a pressure of a fluid inside the existing pipe from being applied to the projecting pipe portion; and removing the boring machine from the projecting pipe portion in the sealed state.

Abstract: A metal pipe including a curved portion produced by bending in which a plurality of non-bending surfaces and a plurality of bent portions at which the non-bending surfaces are connected in a bending manner are provided on a circumferential surface on an inside being a curvature center side of the curved portion. With this pipe, a good appearance can be maintained, and stagnation and resistance of a flow of a fluid can be reduced on the inner surface side of the pipe where the fluid flows.

Abstract: Methods and systems for protecting a duct joint are provided. An assembly for protecting a joint formed between a first duct and an adjacent second duct includes a first blanket member coupled about the first duct and a second blanket member coupled about the second duct, wherein the second blanket member extends from the first blanket member. The assembly also includes a continuous strap coupled to the first blanket member and to the second blanket member. The strap is configured to couple the first blanket member to the second blanket member such that a load path is provided from the second blanket member to the first blanket member during a duct burst event.

Abstract: A multipod apparatus and a monopod tip apparatus are described. The multipod apparatus includes a plurality of legs, each of the plurality of legs formed as a leg assembly wherein each leg assembly includes an upper leg section and a lower leg section, a base coupled to the upper leg sections of the plurality of legs and including a leg lock plate and a securing mechanism engaged with the leg lock plate of the base and configured to apply pressure to the leg lock plate so as to secure each of the plurality of legs at a desirable angle. The monopod tip apparatus includes a monopod tip including a cap section and a base section and a concealable stud, wherein the cap section includes a tip cap hingedly connected to a cap body and arranged to conceal the concealable stud therein.

Abstract: A joint portion for angle adjustment arranged between a leg base portion and a leg support member of an imaging equipment-grade tripod includes a joint fixation member with a joint, a pole member having an upper end connected by the joint of the joint fixation member a lower end connected to the leg base portion, a sleeve provided below the joint fixation member and fitting to the joint fixation member, and a coil spring wound around a central axis of the pole member and pressing the sleeve upward. With the joint portion being fixed by fitting between the joint fixation member and the sleeve, the sleeve is pressed downward to release the fitting between the joint fixation member and the sleeve, so that the joint portion is released.

Abstract: Disclosed are various examples of support assemblies comprising multiple elements engaged together and independently rotatable within or substantially parallel to a reference plane while resisting twisting, rotation, or other movement in directions other than substantially within or parallel to the reference plane. The elements typically include projecting members received within cavities of adjacent elements that are configured to allow the resulting assembly to collectively flex within, or substantially parallel to, the reference plane while resisting movement in other directions.

Abstract: A lean-to rigging apparatus is described for installation in a shaft, such as an elevator shaft, having a wall and including at least one sill opposite the wall. The rigging apparatus includes a spanning beam, a sill support structure, a wall support member, and a hoist connector. The sill support structure on a first end of the spanning beam is designed to seat against a sill in the in the shaft while the wall support member on a second end of the spanning beam abuts against the opposite shaft wall. The sill support structure is rigidly connected to the spanning beam in a hingeless configuration and can seat against a sill in a plurality of seating positions. These seating positions allow the rigging apparatus to be positioned in a plurality of angles and therefore to be installed in shafts of different dimensions. The hoist connector is configured to allow a connection to a hoist device for hoisting various materials from one level to another within the shaft.

Abstract: An adjustable shelf includes a wall mount for coupling to a wall. A fixed post extends downwardly from the wall mount along a first axis. A post assembly has a rotatable tube coupled to the fixed post so that the rotatable tube rotates about the first axis. An arm extends from the rotatable tube along a second axis substantially perpendicular to the first axis. A shaft rotatably couples within the arm and extends from the arm along the second axis, the shaft being rotatable about the second axis between an operational orientation and a storage orientation. A tray extends from the shaft for holding a keyboard. In the storage orientation, the tray is substantially parallel to the wall and, in the operational orientation, the tray is at an angle with respect to the wall. A locking assembly selectively fixes the tray in the operational orientation and the storage orientation.

Abstract: A mounting system for mounting an accessory on garments is disclosed. The mounting system may be used for mounting body worn cameras on fire jackets, police tactical vests and police shirts.

Abstract: An electrostatic oil ring (130, 150) has an annular ring body (142, 152) with a surface (132, 134, 136, 138, 154), wherein a portion of the surface (132, 134, 136, 138, 154) carries an electrostatic coating (140, 156) which electrostatically attracts lubricant (35a) in a lubricant reservoir (35) when the electrostatic oil ring (130, 150) passes through the lubricant reservoir (35). Further, an electrostatic oil ring assembly with a plurality of electrostatic oil rings (130, 150), and a dynamoelectric machine with an electrostatic oil ring assembly are provided.

Abstract: An apparatus according to which a power end of a reciprocating pump assembly includes a block having bores formed therethrough, and crossheads disposed in the bores and adapted to reciprocate therein. A lubrication pump is in fluid communication with the bores. The pump is operable to pump lubrication fluid into each of the bores so that the crossheads are lubricated as they reciprocate within their respective bores. In another aspect, a power end includes a crosshead block and a power frame connected thereto, the frame including rib plates and supporting the crosshead block. In yet another aspect, a method includes casting a crosshead block; fabricating rib plates; connecting the rib plates to form a frame; and connecting the cast crosshead block to the frame. In some embodiments, the power ends may be used in oilfield operations such as, for example, the cementing, acidizing, or fracturing of a subterranean wellbore.

Abstract: A leak catching apparatus is provided. The leak catching apparatus may include a plate having a first section, a center section, and a second section, wherein the first section is non-coplanar with the second section; an absorbent material housed on the first section; one or more absorbent material attachments coupled to the first section to secure the absorbent material to the first section; and one or more plate attachments coupled to the first section and the second section, wherein the one or more plate attachments temporarily secures the first section and the second section to a sealed system that contains liquid.

Abstract: A system and a method for improving safety in a cutting saw apparatus is disclosed. The system comprises an RC oscillation circuit connected to a cutting saw, a detection module to detect changes in the output of the circuit and a control module that controls the operation of the cutting saw. The user wears a conductive footwear when working with the cutting saw. The system also comprises a conductive layer disposed beneath the conductive footwear and the oscillation circuit to establish a conductive path. The user also wears hand gloves to enable working with conductive, non-conductive and semi-conductive materials. When the user's hands comes into contact with the cutting saw, the resistance characteristics of the circuit changes, resulting in a change in the output signal of the circuit. This change is detected by the detection module which triggers the control module to stop the cutting saw.

Abstract: A boss configured for attachment to a pressure vessel includes a first bore therein and a bearing disposed at least partially within the first bore. A system for supporting a pressure vessel on a vessel mount includes a boss, a bearing, and an attachment element. The boss is attached to the pressure vessel and has a first bore therein. The bearing is disposed at least partially within the first bore and has a second bore therethrough. The attachment element is configured to be affixed to the vessel mount, wherein a portion of the attachment element extends through the second bore and is slidable within the first and second bores substantially along a longitudinal axis of the pressure vessel. A method is described for supporting a pressure vessel on a vessel mount.

Abstract: An omnidirectional lighting device may include a driver base and a plurality of elongated light sources. The driver base may include a driver configured to convert an external alternating-current (AC) power to a direct-current (DC) power and supply the DC power to the plurality of elongated light sources. Each of the plurality of elongated light sources protrudes independently out of a second side of the driver base, and each source is enclosed with a cylindrical lens. The plurality of the cylindrical lenses are aligned in parallel and of the same length. An aggregate lighting angle of the plurality of elongated light source may be 360 degrees.

Abstract: A ruggedized, high efficiency, diffuse luminaire with a shaped lens diffuser that is composed of a semi-soft, flexible material that helps withstand damaging impacts and protects the internal electrical components. The lens diffuser may enclose one or more internal mirrors or employ an innovative Fresnel-like lens that projects light omni-directionally and that wraps around the inside of the lens for more efficient distribution of illumination and the elimination of up and down loss through re-projecting vertical losses onto the horizontal plane. The lens diffuser may incorporate a UV filtration compound molded directly into the materials composing the lens rather than applied or painted onto the surface or surfaces of the lens.

Abstract: In a first aspect of the subject invention, a solid state HID canopy light fixture retrofit assembly is provided which includes: an inner panel; and, a plurality of edge members perimetrically bounding the inner panel. Each of the edge members includes: a first edge panel secured to the inner panel; a downwardly angled second edge panel depending from the first panel; and, a flange extending from the second edge panel. The first and second edge panels are each sized sufficiently to support thereon at least one board containing a plurality of solid state light generating elements. The inner panel and the edge members collectively define a contained volume sized to accommodate at least one driver for electrically powering the solid state light generating elements. The subject invention provides an assembly which is readily useable to retrofit HID canopy light fixtures from ballasted HID lighting to non-ballasted solid state lighting.

Abstract: A communications device for forming a network node between two or more devices or systems. The communications device has a power supply connector for connecting to a power supply in a light socket of a lighting system thereby to power the communications device. The communications device depends from the light socket by the power supply connector. The communications device also includes a receiver for receiving incoming information from one or more first devices or systems, and a transmitter for transmitting outgoing information to one or more second devices or systems.

Abstract: An LED high bay light comprises a plurality of LED illuminant engines arranged abreast and alternately; each of the LED illuminant engine comprises an LED strip-shaped illuminant and an optical lens set covering the LED strip-shaped illuminant; the optical lens set comprises a plurality of strip-shaped optical lenses arranged conterminously; and two adjacent strip-shaped optical lenses are connected to each other through a mutual cooperation of the stepped spigots arranged oppositely. Each illuminant engine thereof adopts a structure of strip-shaped optical lens set with multiple sections, greatly reducing the difficulty in making molds and the cost for manufacturing parts.

Abstract: A system and method of converting a light fixture from a conventional light fixture to an LED light fixture. Originally, the light fixture has a troffer, a ballast unit, and bulb receptacles. The conversion is accomplished by mounting a panel over the face of the troffer that obscures the ballast unit and bulb receptacles. LED light strips are mounted to the panel. Likewise, an LED power supply is mounted to the panel. The panel is attached to the troffer with a hinge connection. In this manner, the panel can be rotated away from the troffer for easy access.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) tube lamp configured to receive an external driving signal includes an LED module for emitting light, the LED module comprising an LED unit comprising an LED; a rectifying circuit for rectifying the external driving signal to produce a rectified signal, the rectifying circuit having a first output terminal and a second output terminal for outputting the rectified signal; a filtering circuit connected to the LED module, and configured to provide a filtered signal for the LED unit; and a protection circuit for providing protection for the LED tube lamp. The protection circuit includes a voltage divider comprising two elements connected in series between the first and second output terminals of the rectifying circuit, for producing a signal at a connection node between the two elements; and a control circuit coupled to the connection node between the two elements, for receiving, and detecting a state of, the signal at the connection node.

Abstract: An externally-hung lamp assembly includes a circuit board, a battery pack, an upper cover, a lampshade, a rubber ring, a lower cover, and a hook. The circuit board has a first hole and a plurality of light-emitting components. The battery pack is electrically connected to the circuit board and is configured to provide power needed for turning on the light-emitting components. The upper cover is disposed on the circuit board. The lampshade is disposed in a second hole of the upper cover. The rubber ring is disposed beneath the circuit board. The lower cover is combined with the upper cover, wherein the lower cover has a back surface. The hook is pivotally disposed on the back surface of the lower cover. By means of the foregoing configurations, the externally-hung lamp assembly can meet configuration requirements of multiple different application scenarios.

Abstract: A work light assembly comprising a housing, and an outer shield. The housing has a handle portion and an illuminating portion, separated by a neck portion. The handle portion has an outer surface and an inner bore extending between an upper and a lower end thereof. The inner bore opening is at the lower end, and has a bore cover threadedly engaged so as to cover the inner bore. The illuminating portion has a proximal end at the neck portion and a distal end extending therefrom. An outward face that is generally perpendicular to an axis of the handle portion is provided, with a plurality of LED elements positioned thereon. A battery is positioned within the inner bore and coupled to a switch mounted on the handle portion. The battery is also coupled to the plurality of LED elements in electrical communication, so as to be cordless. The outer shield is coupled to the neck portion of the handle portion. The outer shield extends around at least a portion of the illuminating portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an assembling structure for LED luminaire, including a main support, at least one LED luminaire and at least one connecting part. The main support includes front faces on radial side, slide tracks on the front faces, and two side faces. The LED luminaire includes a cap-like housing and a lamp-connecting portion. The connecting part includes a first locating block provided in one slide track, a second locating block passing through each side face and provided in another slide track different from that for the first locating block, and a support body connected with the first and second locating blocks while extending far away from the main support. The support body is connected, at one end far away from the first and second locating blocks, with the lamp-connecting portion, while the connecting part and LED luminaire are pivoted with respect to the main support.

Abstract: An LED bar lighting with uniform illumination includes at least two LED chips, and a bar lens. Each of at least two LED chips includes an optical axis. The bar lens includes an in-light surface profile line and an out-light surface profile line in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the bar lens. The in-light surface profile line includes a first arc and tow second arcs arranged two sides of the first arc. The first arc is tangent to the second arc and the radius of the first arc is smaller than that of the second arc. The radius of the out-light surface profile line is gradually reduced toward two sides thereof from an intersection of the out-light surface profile line and the optical axis. The radius of the out-light surface profile line at the intersection of the out-light profile line and the optical axis is infinite, and the refraction angle at both end points of the out-light surface profile line is 0 degree.

Abstract: An LED bar lighting and an exhibition includes a receiving chamber and at least one LED bar lighting. The receiving chamber includes a mounting reference line. Each of the at least one LED bar lighting includes a bar house, a plurality of LED chips, and a lens column. Each of the LED chips includes a chip optical axis. The lens column includes a lens optical axis parallel to the chip optical axis, a first light emitting surface intersected with the lens optical axis, and a second light emitting surface. The first light emitting surface is a condensing lens. The second light emitting surface includes a convex lens, and a plane surface located between the first light emitting surface and convex lens. An angle between the lens axis and the mounting reference line in the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the bar house is an acute angle.

Abstract: A lamp and a hardscape structure illuminated by the lamp are disclosed. The lamp is formed from a plate to which a light fixture is attached. The plate may have a flange, a decorative face plate and side panels attached to direct light from the fixture along the hardscape on which the lamp is mounted. Mounting is effected by positioning the plate between discrete hardscape elements that are stacked one atop another. A portion of the plate projects out from the structure allowing the fixture to cast light on the structure surface. A light transmitting cover is also provided.

Abstract: An imitation flame lamp head includes a mounting base, a drive device, an elastic shaft, a flame piece and an illuminant. The drive device is fixed in the mounting base, an upper end of the elastic shaft is fixed to a lower end of the flame piece, the flame piece is protruded outwards the mounting base, the illuminant is configured inside the mounting base to emit lights to a side of the flame piece, and the elastic shaft is driven by the drive device to actuate the flame piece to swing. The lamp displays flaming and flickering effect of faux flame to achieve an excellent imitation effect.

Abstract: The invention concerns a disco ball with an outer skin (3) which on the outside is fitted with mirror pieces (6) and has an expandable inner structure (2) comprising an inflatable inner skin which in expanded state is spherical and holds the outer skin (3) in a ball shape, characterized in that the outer skin (3) has a plurality of approximately lenticular segments (4) which are arranged next to each other, and adjacent lenticular segments (4) are releasably connected together to form the outer skin (3), and the lenticular segments (4) are each fitted with mirror pieces (6) on the outside.

Abstract: A vehicle headlamp includes a lamp chamber and a light source unit. The lamp chamber is defined by assembling a front cover at a front opening portion of a container-shaped lamp body. The light source unit is configured such that a light emitting element that is a light source and a reflector that reflects light emitted from the light emitting element toward a front of the lamp chamber are integrally mounted on an upper surface of a metallic base plate constituting a heat sink in cooperation with a plurality of heat-dissipation fins extending from a lower surface of the base plate, the light source unit arranged in the lamp chamber. The heat-dissipation fins are arranged in parallel in a left and right direction of the base plate and are formed in a substantially L shape in a side view extending in a front and rear direction from a front side of the base plate to a rear upper side of the base plate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a primary optics light source with a rectangular light pattern including a substrate, an LED chip and an encapsulated package. The LED chip is installed on the substrate, and the encapsulated package covers the LED chip to fix the LED chip. A light of the LED chip is emitted to the outside through the encapsulated package to form a rectangular light pattern, so that when the light source is lit, a specific rectangular illumination light pattern is formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light diffuser casing comprising an enclosure defining a cavity and provided with a closable opening configured to enable a headlamp to be inserted inside the casing. A light diffuser is arranged in the casing to receive a light beam coming from the headlamp and to make said beam diffuse on the enclosure. The light diffuser is made from a translucent or transparent material so that said beam passes through it, and the enclosure is made from a translucent material. The invention also relates to a method for using the casing.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a light source including a plurality of light emitting elements or light emitting surfaces, a projection lens that projects light emitted from the light source, and a light distribution adjusting element that adjusts light distribution of the light emitted from the light source, wherein the light distribution adjusting element has a plurality of prisms having different angles of inclined surfaces corresponding to a direction in which the plurality of light emitting elements or light emitting surfaces are arranged, and prism surfaces in which at least one or a plurality of flat surfaces are arranged.

Abstract: A partially aluminized lens for an automotive lamp which is set in front of the automotive lamp light source and comprised of a light-incident surface and a light-emitting surface forming the main light shape, and the reflection surface forming the auxiliary light shape. The aforesaid light-incident surface and the light-emitting surface forming the main light shape is completed by a plano-convex lens. The aforesaid reflection surface forming the auxiliary light shape is completed by a reflection frame integrated and provided with the plano-convex lens, and the aforesaid reflection frame is formed by partial aluminization.