Abstract: A pass-through assembly including a first wall 110d having oppositely-directed inner and outer sides, 112, 114, the first wall 110d defining a first opening 116 extending from the inner side 112 to the outer side 114; an elongated structure 118 extending into the opening 116 from the outer side 114 of the first wall 110d; a first material 130 contacting the first wall 110d and the elongated structure 118 so as to at least partially seal the opening 116, and a second material 140 different from the first material 130, the second material 140 overlying the first material 130 on the outer side 114 of the wall 110d, the second material 140 adhering to the elongated structure 118 and the first wall 110d, the second material 140 having at least one physical property different than a corresponding physical property of the first material 130.

Abstract: A method for subcutaneously implanting a heart device in a patient using an implantation device involves making a first incision in the vicinity of the sternum of the patient and a second incision in the lumbar region of the patient posterior to the vertebral column of the patient. The implantation device is inserted through the first incision to the second incision, and a guidewire is placed through the implantation device via the second incision to the first incision. An end of the guidewire is coupled to the heart device, and the guidewire is pulled through the implantation device until the guidewire is placed within the patient. The guidewire then is detached from the heart device, and the implantation device is removed. The first and second incisions are sutured such that the heart device is left positioned completely subcutaneously around the heart and outside of the ribcage of the patient.

Abstract: A medical apparatus for a patient comprises an external system configured to transmit one or more transmission signals, each transmission signal comprising at least power or data; and an implantable system configured to receive the one or more transmission signals from the external system. The apparatus can be configured to treat a patient and/or record patient data. Methods of treating a patient and recording patient data are also provided.

Abstract: Presented herein are distributed implantable hearing systems that have at least a main implant module that is physically separated from a distally positioned inner radio-frequency (RF) coil.

Abstract: A system and method for selecting leadwire stimulation parameters includes a processor iteratively performing, for each of a plurality of values for a particular stimulation parameter, each value corresponding to a respective current field: (a) shifting the current field longitudinally and/or rotationally to a respective plurality of locations about the leadwire; and (b) for each of the respective plurality of locations, obtaining clinical effect information regarding a respective stimulation of the patient tissue produced by the respective current field at the respective location; and displaying a graph plotting the clinical effect information against values for the particular stimulation parameter and locations about the leadwire, and/or based on the obtained clinical effect information, identifying an optimal combination of a selected value for the particular stimulation parameter and selected location about the leadwire at which to perform a stimulation using the selected value.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, methods and non-transitory computer readable media facilitating telemetry data communication security between an implantable device and an external clinician device are provided. An implantable device can include a security component configured to generate security information based on reception of a clinician telemetry session request from the clinician device via a first telemetry communication protocol. The security information can include a session identifier and a first session key, and the clinician telemetry session request can include a clinician device identifier associated with the clinician device.

Abstract: A medical device, such as an extra-cardiovascular implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), senses R-waves from a first cardiac electrical signal by a first sensing channel and stores a time segment of a second cardiac electrical signal acquired by a second sensing channel in response to each sensed R-wave. The ICD determines morphology match scores from the stored time segments of the second cardiac electrical signal and, based on the morphology match scores, withholds detection of a tachyarrhythmia episode. In some examples, the ICD detects T-wave oversensing based on the morphology match scores and withholds detection of a tachyarrhythmia episode in response to detecting the T-wave oversensing.

Abstract: In an example, an apparatus is described that includes an implantable housing, a heart signal sensing circuit configured to sense intrinsic electrical heart signals, a ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT) detector circuit, operatively coupled to the heart signal sensing circuit, the detector circuit operable to detect a VT based on the sensed heart signals, a processor configured to control delivery of an anti-tachyarrhythmia pacing (ATP) therapy based on the detected VT, and an energy delivery circuit configured to deliver the ATP therapy in response to the detected VT, wherein the apparatus does not include a shock circuit capable of delivering a therapeutically-effective cardioverting or defibrillating shock.

Abstract: Appropriate cardiac therapy is determined by data sensed and analyzed by the disclosed defibrillators and other medical devices that one or both of treat and monitor a patient. The disclosed devices sense various patient physiological parameters including patient pulse and breathing data to determine whether the patient has a pulse and to determine if the patient is breathing. Depending on the analysis of the generated patient physiological data, the disclosed devices determine the appropriate therapy for the patient, which can include providing breathing assistance to the patient and providing electrotherapy and other therapies to the patient. Some of the disclosed medical devices can be wearable by the patient. The disclosed devices can include therapy modules like electrotherapy for delivering therapies to the patient while other devices monitor but do not deliver the therapies to the patient.

Abstract: Systems and methods for increasing skin rejuvenation of a region of a patient's skin. The system includes: a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) frequency generator that emits electromagnetic pulses to the region of the patient's skin; and a deep tissue diathermy device that applies heat to the region of the patient's skin up to temperature T. The system simultaneously applies the heat and the PEMF to the region of a patient's skin.

Abstract: Configurations are described for utilizing light-activated proteins within cell membranes and subcellular regions to assist with medical treatment paradigms, such as hypertension treatment via anatomically specific and temporally precise modulation of renal plexus activity. The invention provides for proteins, nucleic acids, vectors and methods for genetically targeted expression of light-sensitive proteins to specific cells or defined cell populations. In particular the invention provides systems, devices, and methods for millisecond-timescale temporal control of certain cell activities using moderate light intensities, such as the generation or inhibition of electrical spikes in nerve cells and other excitable cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant self-assembled protein comprising a target-oriented peptide and a use thereof The recombinant self-assembled protein according to the present invention, comprising a target-oriented peptide, does not require an additional process for providing target-orientedness, and is thus capable of delivering a desired drug to a target tissue or target cell without using additives, such as chemical binders or stabilizers; therefore, the protein can be used for photothermal therapy, drug delivery, imaging, or the like. In particular, according to the present invention, it is possible to prepare gold-protein nanoparticle fusions in which uniform high-density gold nanoparticles having target-orientedness are bound to protein surfaces, without an additional process of surface stabilization or process for providing target-orientedness.

Abstract: An ophthalmological device (10) for the treatment of corneal diseases such as keratoconus and glaucoma, comprises a moulding head (12), a suction body (14) and a UV lamp (15). The moulding head (12) has a hollow cylindrical configuration and includes a rigid moulding lens (18) for shaping the cornea of an eye (11) of a patient. The lens is curved and defines a plurality of apertures therein. The suction body (14) has a hollow cylindrical configuration. The lamp (15) is fitted to the suction body. Moulding head (12) and suction body (14) together define a chamber (32) from which air is evacuated so as to induce a partial vacuum within the chamber (32) for attracting the cornea onto the lens (18). A photo-sensitizer is applied to the eye and while the cornea is held against the mould, it is irradiated with UV light by lamp (15) so as to cross-link collagen fibres in the cornea.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method and apparatus for directing positively charged particles, comprising the steps of: (1) directing the positively charged particles along a beamline; (2) rotating a cantilevered rotatable gantry arm, both connected to a rotatable gantry support and supporting the beamline, about a horizontal rotation axis of the rotatable gantry support; and (3) countering torque, of at least the cantilevered rotatable gantry arm, about the rotation axis using a counterweight connected to the rotatable gantry support. Optionally, the gantry movement is used as part of rotating the rotatable gantry arm three hundred sixty degrees around an inner gantry arm side motion defined volume, which allows access to one side of a treatment room and the gantry arc swept volume, such as for entrance, mounting a patient positioning system, and/or for a ground based support structure.

Abstract: This disclosure provides design, material, manufacturing method, and use alternatives for medical devices. An example medical device comprises a radioactive element positionable within a body lumen, the body lumen having an inner surface. The medical device also includes a frame attached to the radioactive element. The frame is also configured to position the radioactive element radially inward and away from the inner surface of the body lumen.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for determining an irradiation trajectory for the movement of a treatment device for irradiating an anatomical structure with ionising treatment radiation, the method comprising steps of acquiring medical image data describing a medical image of the anatomical structure; determining, based on the medical image data, image concavity data; acquiring predetermined concavity data; determining, based on the image concavity data and the predetermined concavity data, partition data; determining, based on the medical image data, partition boundary data; and determining, based on the partition boundary data, irradiation trajectory data.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for installing a proton based cancer therapy system in a hospital related brownfield building, comprising the steps of: (1) transporting gantry system elements to a basement of the brownfield, the gantry system comprising: a rotatable gantry support; a gantry counterweight; a rotatable gantry arm, and a main bearing, comprising: a diameter of at least ten feet, a first circular segment, comprising a first arc-to-chord section, a second circular segment, comprising a second arc-to-chord section, and an intermediate section; (2) transporting through a pre-existing elevator shaft in the hospital related brownfield building the main bearing in a disassembled form; and (3) after the step of transporting through the pre-existing elevator shaft, assembling the gantry system on the ground floor, the step of assembling comprising attaching the first circular segment of the main bearing to the second circular segment of the main bearing using the intermediate section.

Abstract: A radiation emitting apparatus includes a radiation source to generate radiation, a first collimator to define a maximum radiation field of the radiation; a second collimator to regulate the radiation field and direction of irradiation; a swing portion that swings in two directions orthogonal to each other; a displacement detector to detect displacement of the second collimator relative to a reference point; a drive mechanism to drive the swing portion; a control unit to control the drive mechanism; and a storage unit included in the control unit to store one or more parameters related to mechanical movement of the swing portion. The control unit generates feedforward control information based on an inputted target swing angle, a detected displacement, and the one or more parameters stored in the storage unit, and outputs a drive signal containing the feedforward control information to the drive mechanism.

Abstract: A system is disclosed that includes a radiation therapy device with a gantry. The radiation therapy device is configured to deliver a radiation beam at an angle determined by orientation of the gantry. Also, a pair of radiation detectors are located at a fixed position to receive radiation originating from the radiation beam. Each of the radiation detectors in the pair generate differing responses to the radiation beam at the angle. The system further includes computer hardware configured to perform operations that determine the angle of the gantry utilizing the differing responses from the pair of radiation detectors.

Abstract: Techniques for modulating peripheral nerves using focused ultrasound (FUS) are provided. Methods include locating a peripheral nerve in a subject using an imaging probe, providing a FUS having one or more ultrasound parameters to a location on the peripheral nerve, and modulating the peripheral nerve. The methods can further include eliciting and measuring a physiological response from the FUS modulation, generating tissue deformation in the vicinity of the FUS modulation, and imaging the nerve and the tissue deformation simultaneously with FUS modulation. Systems for use in the modulation of peripheral nerves are also provided.

Abstract: The invention is a nail coating composition having slow release insect repellent properties, the at least one non-toxic active ingredient of the composition is selected from the group of consisting of naturally occurring plant extracts and essential oils, diethyl toluamide, ethyl hexanediol, and dimethyl phthalate.

Abstract: Compositions of the invention are water-based formulas that contain natural ingredients which aid in reduction of bacteria in the mouth, thereby reducing plaque and the production of tartar, and in one aspect of the invention are formulated as potable dental water that may be consumed in place of regular consumption of other forms of water or liquid, and in another aspect of the invention are formulated as dentifrices, such as toothpaste.

Abstract: A speed reducer arrangement (200) for a line retraction device (100), including at least one lug (4) fixed on a surface of a rotatable hub (2) and configured to rotate along with the hub (2); at least one brake shoe (5) having at least one groove (8) extending therethrough and configured to at least partially receive the at least one lug (4), such that, as the hub (2) rotates, the at least one brake shoe (5) is configured to slidably move along the at least one groove (8) from an inactivated position, wherein the at least one brake shoe (5) is located nearest the center of the hub (2) to an activated position, wherein the at least one brake shoe (5) contacts at least one contact surface of the line retraction device (100) to thereby slow the rotation of the hub (2); and at least one biasing member (6) configured to urge the at at least one brake shoe (5) towards the inactivated position.

Abstract: A respirator device having an elastomeric sleeve is provided. In an exemplary embodiment, a respirator device as described herein includes a rigid nozzle element and a body including a receiver having an elastomeric sleeve. The elastomeric sleeve defines a channel, and the elastomeric sleeve is configured to deform around the nozzle element when the nozzle element is inserted into the channel.

Abstract: An air purifying respirator includes a dual stage fan that sucks outside air in through the filter canisters and then pushes the filtered air on to the user's mask or hood, where excess air escapes. A differential pressure sensor measures the pressure within the passages after the dual stage fan and in the ambient environment to estimate the user's rate of respiration. The microcontroller monitors the estimated rate of respiration, as well as the estimated altitude and its estimated amount of oxygen to calculate a user's filtered air flow need. The microcontroller adjusts the van via a fan controller to the appropriate air flow level. The microcontroller further monitors the battery level, filter life, and for low pressure within the user's mask and operates their respective indicators when problem levels arise. The battery supplies power to the microcontroller, power on/off button, and the dual stage fan.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA comprising a waist pad bumper system. The waist pad bumper system may comprise a soft rubber gasket located between the waist pad and the backplate of the SCBA, operable to compress to cushion the movement of the backplate with respect to the waist pad; a hard rubber gasket located between the waist pad and the backplate operable to compress to cushion the movement of the backplate with respect to the waist pad; one or more magnets located on the waist pad; and one or more magnets located on the backplate operable to interact with the one or more magnets located on the waist pad, wherein the magnets of the waist pad have the same polarization as the magnets of the backplate and therefore repel each other.

Abstract: A mounting bracket for securing a fall arrest device to a structure, the mounting bracket including a base plate configured for attachment to a structure, and at least one device mounting arrangement attached to or integral with the base plate and configured to secure the fall arrest device to the mounting bracket.

Abstract: Fire protection mist nozzles for industrial oil cookers, oil cookers with fire protection systems, and method of oil cooker fire protection are provided. The mist nozzles operate at pressures between 170 and 250 psi, and provide a unique distribution pattern that allows for variable installations for protection in certain operative environments including oil cookers with various hood configurations. The fire protection nozzles includes a base defining an inlet and an outlet along an axis. The base includes an orifice having an inlet diameter and an outlet diameter. The outlet diameter is preferably greater than the inlet diameter; and the orifice defines a K-factor of less than 1.0 gpm/psi½. The nozzle includes a diffuser aligned with the orifice. The diffuser has a preferably substantially domed portion with a maximum diameter that is less than the summation of the inlet diameter and the outlet diameter of the orifice.

Abstract: Preferred systems and methods for ceiling ventilation hood fire protection are provided in which fire protection nozzles are installed within a ventilation hood (12) to address a fire in a hazard zone (HAZ) below the ventilation hood. The fire protection nozzles (20) are disposed proximate the ventilation filters (18) or ports within the ceiling ventilation hood to provide overlapping protection of the hazard zone independent of airflow through the hood.

Abstract: A firefighter training unit for simulating use of a fire extinguishing system, the unit including: a reel; a user-manipulable nozzle; a hose having opposite ends attached respectively to the reel and the nozzle and being partially wound around the reel, wherein rotation of the reel in a first rotational direction allows the hose to be unwound from the reel; a motor configured to drive the reel in a second rotational direction which causes the hose to be wound onto the reel; one or more devices for providing one or more output signals corresponding to one or more simulated operating conditions of the fire extinguishing system; and a controller configured to drive the motor in response to the one or more output signals so as to apply torque to the reel in the second rotational direction to simulate forces applied to the hose during operation of the fire extinguishing system.

Abstract: A training apparatus 1 comprising a structure 3 and exercise equipment 5, wherein the structure 3 includes a first side wall 7, a second side wall 9 and a partition 11; the partition 11 extends between the first side wall 7 and the second side wall 9 and comprises a breaching door 17; and the exercise equipment 5 is fixed to an external surface of the structure 3.

Abstract: An adaptable exercise apparatus designed to assisting those with reduced physical abilities, whether due to injury or age, perform a range of tow impact exercises and stretches to the best of their ability given their physical condition. The apparatus composed of a plurality of economically shaped stackable exercise platforms allowing for variable height adjustment and a variety strength compensating features specially adapted to integrate with the stackable exercise platforms and assist the performance of the individual.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus has at least one vertical wall structure, a floor and a ceiling forming a cage that can be square, rectangular, circular, oval or another suitable configuration. An arrangement of strategically placed attachment points on the wall structure, floor and ceiling enables easy attachment and detachment of a variety of resistance devices (e.g., a handheld and/or inline cable operated resistance creation device, or a stretch band resistance device) to any of the vertical and/or horizontal structures within the gym cage, thereby providing a nearly 360 degree dimensional point of resistance to perform a wide variety of exercises for different muscle groups and subgroups of the body. In one embodiment, the cage includes an arrangement of spaced apart vertical and horizontal frame members forming a rear wall and opposite side walls.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus and method for applying one or more lateral resistive loads to drive, swing and other phases to participants while performing complex motions at low or high speeds to condition one's body to better and more quickly perform physical movements at high speeds. Elastic members may be used to generate resistance emanating from a ground-based or vertically-positioned apparatus. The elastic members may connect to one or more body parts simultaneously. The apparatus may be mechanically designed to fully retract the elastic members into the apparatus to maintain resistance while participants are in close proximity to the apparatus. The apparatus provides a plurality of self-contained elastic members and provides participants the ability to alter the vertical and horizontal positions of each elastic member's emanation point from the apparatus. This provides ability to control applied resistance vectors between the attachment point on the participant and the apparatus.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an exercise device having two tubular members and a tension member disclosed therein and coupled thereto, the tubular members designed to be pulled away from each other, and whereby the exercise device is also capable of being attached to one or more resistance bands.

Abstract: A disk shaped quiet bumper plate for a barbell has a rim of elastomeric material with a shock absorber region. The shock absorber region has a circumferential row of evenly spaced transverse holes. The material between the holes forms radial walls which act as shock absorbers when the bumper plate is dropped. This reduces noise without unduly increasing bounce.

Abstract: A fitness bike with a braking device has a frame, a flywheel, an adjusting assembly, a braking assembly, and a wire. The adjusting assembly is mounted on the frame, and has a main housing, a shaft, and a first resilient member. The shaft is movably mounted in the main housing. The first resilient member is located in the main housing and abuts the shaft. The braking assembly is rotatably mounted on the frame and has an abutting element. The abutting element is capable of abutting a radial outer surface of the flywheel. The wire is mounted on the frame and connects the shaft to the braking assembly. The braking assembly abuts and limits the flywheel in one single direction. Thus, the fitness bike with the braking device has a simplified structure and is easy to install.

Abstract: A locking device for an exercise system may include a locking member having a contact portion and configured to move between a first position and a second position. When in the first position, the contact portion of the locking member is not in contact with the resistance mechanism of the exercise system, thereby allowing movement of the at least one moveable assembly. When in the second position, the contact portion of the locking member is in contact with the resistance mechanism of the exercise system, thereby preventing movement of the at least one moveable assembly. The device may also include an electrical actuating device having an actuator for selectively engaging the locking device and moving the locking device between a first position and a second position.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a resistance exercise device and methods of using the same. In one embodiment, a resistance exercise device is disclosed comprising a quarter-wheel, a means for attaching resistance to said quarter-wheel, a support means attached to the axis of the quarter-wheel, whereby a user can perform core exercise while moving in a direction parallel to the line of resistance.

Abstract: [Object] To provide an information processing device and information processing method, capable of obtaining useful information in which the attitude of a target person is taken into consideration from sensor information. [Solution] The information processing device includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire information indicating a measurement result from a plurality of sensor devices configured to measure a pressure distribution of an attached part of a body of a user; an estimation unit configured to estimate arrangement of a plurality of parts to which the sensor devices are attached on the basis of a captured image including the plurality of parts; and a calculation unit configured to calculate information on the plurality of parts from the information indicating the measurement result acquired by the acquisition unit on the basis of the arrangement of the plurality of parts estimated by the estimation unit.

Abstract: A system and method for generating feedback on exercise technique. The system comprises a sensor and readout device to generate sensor data based on the exercise technique, e.g. pressure signal exerted by a foot. A data processor processes the sensor data to calculate a feedback value. A color mapper maps the feedback value onto a color map to transform the feedback value into a color value. A wearable feedback device comprising a light source generates a variable color light output based on the color value. For example, a mode selector provides selection between a plurality of feedback modes, wherein the selection of a feedback mode result in selection of a feedback algorithm for the data processor and selection of a color map for the color mapper.

Abstract: A system includes a wearable device that measures positional information and activity information of a swimmer, generates swimming information related to swimming of the swimmer based on the activity information, and transmits the swimming information and the positional information; and a tablet PC that receives the swimming information and the positional information from the wearable device, acquires map information corresponding to the positional information, and generates display information by using the swimming information, the positional information, and the map information.

Abstract: Athletic performance monitoring and tracking may provide multiple ways in which to track athletic movement and activity. Workouts may also be tagged with various parameters including mood, weather, terrain, athletic equipment, friends used and the like. Workout information may be shared to social messaging and networking outlets. Workout information shared may include map information including images of maps, interactive maps, links to maps, route information and the like and/or combinations thereof. Additionally or alternatively, an application may be configured to execute within a context of a social networking system to facilitate athletic activity data transfer and generation of workout entries in the social networking site.

Abstract: The present invention provides a height target exercise scoring device comprising a pad adapted to absorb repeated impacts, the pad including a front surface, a rear surface, and one or more impact sensors positioned beneath the front surface. The target height exercise scoring device also includes a housing coupled to the pad including a control system. The control system includes an interface for inputing a target height parameter, and a processor coupled to the one or more impact sensors configured to determine whether an impact registered by the array of impact sensors occurs on the pad at or above the input target height. The a control system can wirelessly communicate with a mobile device configured to execute a mobile application for configuring the settings of the scoring device, and to send data to, and receive data from, the scoring device.

Abstract: A method of managing healthy motion environment is described. The method includes: S100: obtaining personal information of a current user; S200: pre-storing the corresponding relation of user's personal information and parameters of an optimum motion environment; S300: obtaining the parameter of the optimum motion environment corresponding to the current user based on the current user's personal information and the pre-stored the corresponding relation of the user's personal information and parameters of the optimum motion environment; and S400: adjusting the value of current environment parameter to reach the value of the optimum parameter. The invention can adjust the motion environment quickly and conveniently and can improve the user experience greatly.

Abstract: A pool noodle connector includes a central web which has living hinges at each edge to which extending legs are formed. Pool noodles may be attached by inserting a leg within an opening in each noodle used. The living hinges allow one or more legs to be folded back to change the possible configurations available and to provide a more rigid joint, as desired.

Abstract: A bowling ball insert has an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve (or solid), with the outer sleeve having a pair of vertical channels that are open at the top, and a pair of horizontal channels extending perpendicularly from the vertical channels, with the two vertical channels having different widths. The inner sleeve (or solid) includes tabs that are sized to fit in the outer sleeve channels, with at least one of the tabs being sized to fit in one vertical channel but not in the other vertical channel. The outer and inner sleeves additionally include a floor that is open at the center to allow access to the ball through the insert. The inner sleeve has an upper lip to provide a controlled insert depth in the ball. The horizontal channels may include a detent to lock the inner sleeve in place after it has been inserted into and rotated within the outer sleeve.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for arranging dimples on a golf ball surface in which the dimples are arranged in a pattern derived from at least one irregular domain generated from a regular or non-regular polyhedron. The method includes choosing control points of a polyhedron, generating an irregular domain based on those control points, packing the irregular domain with dimples, and tessellating the irregular domain to cover the surface of the golf ball. The control points include the center of a polyhedral face, a vertex of the polyhedron, a midpoint or other point on an edge of the polyhedron and others. The method ensures that the symmetry of the underlying polyhedron is preserved while minimizing or eliminating great circles due to parting lines.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for arranging dimples on a golf ball surface in which the dimples are arranged in a pattern derived from at least one irregular domain generated from a regular or non-regular polyhedron. The method includes choosing control points of a polyhedron, generating an irregular domain based on those control points, packing the irregular domain with dimples, and tessellating the irregular domain to cover the surface of the golf ball. The control points include the center of a polyhedral face, a vertex of the polyhedron, a midpoint or other point on an edge of the polyhedron and others. The method ensures that the symmetry of the underlying polyhedron is preserved while minimizing or eliminating great circles due to parting lines.

Abstract: Golf ball having CoR of at least 0.810, specific gravity SGB of less than 1.00 g/cc, and initial velocity of at least 250 ft/s and comprising a first layer L1, a second layer L2 surrounding L1, and a third layer L3 surrounding L2. L1 is formed from at least one highly neutralized polymer and has first specific gravity SG1; L2 is formed from at least one partially neutralized polymer and has second specific gravity SG2; and L3 is formed from at least one of a thermoset or thermoplastic composition and has third specific gravity SG3. At least two of SG1, SG2, and SG3 is less than 1.13 g/cc. SG1 may be less than 1.13 g/cc, or less than 1.0 g/cc. The thermoset or thermoplastic composition may comprise polyurethane(s), polyurea(s), polyurethane(s)/polyurea(s) hybrids, and/or ionomers such as at least partially neutralized polymers and/or HNPs.